CN100478250C - System for positioning a vessel, mainly a submarine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to shipbuilding, in particular to means for guiding and docking floating objects, mainly submarine ships. The inventive system is used for guiding a submarine ship (1) on shallow water and consists of adjust buoyancy pontoons (2) and a vessel lifting device (3) comprising load-bearing elements which are embodied in the form of curved box beams (4) and provided with means for fixing to the pontoons on the ends thereof. Said system comprises at least two beams (4) which are mounted in such a way that at least one beam is disposed symmetrically to the vessel (1) centreline plane and fixed to supports (6) based on foundations (7) by means of quick-coupling elements (5) embodied in the form of a bayonet connection. Said foundation (7) is rigidly fixable to the main body (9) of the submarine ship (1). The beams can be also fixed by means of the standard devices of the submarine ship (1). During the adjustment of the normal surface draft of the submarine ship (1), the pontoons (2) are displaced and dried in such a way that it is possible to connect and fix said beams thereto. Afterwards, the buoyancy of the pontoons (2) is adjusted in a specified manner. Said invention makes it possible to prevent the damages of the body of the submarine ship and to simplify the guidance thereof to a dock.

Description

The ship's fix system is primarily aimed at Submarine

Technical field

The invention belongs to the marine technology field, be that the object that will float is guided the also method of landing pier, and can be used for floating body is fixed, and guiding or stop dilatory Submarine such as dock and surpass under the situation of water level of maximum possible the dilatory degree of regulating Submarine in shallow water.

Background technology

As everyone knows, under the situation of navigation channel degree of depth deficiency, navigator's process of Submarine landing pier will be very difficult.This difficulty comprises that needs reduce the dilatory of Submarine.In addition, people had also once found out the way that addresses this is that, and its principle is to regulate the buoyancy of Submarine, for example, use the floating terminal in the bottom of Submarine, resemble end hawser etc. and (see also A.I.Figichev etc., salvaging and bont, L., Sudostroenie, 1979).The shortcoming of this device is the intensity that need to strengthen the position that Submarine contacts with rope, and more complicated stationary rope the time, even can damage the paint on Submarine top layer.

Also has the float system of object of a kind of known lifting in addition, the rigging equipment of being furnished with the floating terminal of the type of promptly partly diving, it comprises the barge of the ballace that two carryings are identical apart from length, and is positioned at horizontal (No. the 862nd, 299, the European patent) of scalable floating terminal.When using this system, carry ballace on the barge, the some terminal of ship sinks; The hull of barge and an other end submerged are fastened the object that floats on barge, and discharge the ballast from the barge hull can promote Submarine so then, up to the dilatory length that reaches regulation, and can transport.The shortcoming of this system is that work-hours is very long, and the boats and ships of Submarine and so on the mechanical contact between barge (ring-type floating terminal) and the Submarine take place inevitably, even damage the paint on Submarine top layer when utilizing this system landing pier.

A kind of known apparatus that promotes Submarine from water is arranged, and it comprises the apparatus (seeing also Japanese patent application 63-44595 number, IPC B63C 7/08,1988) that two object clamp are operated like that.This lever can be installed on the floating terminal rotationally, when the floating terminal is mutually close, can be across hull, and can when discharging hull, be separated from each other.This device can only be operated more than the water surface, and it does not have external force to drive and other devices.When its shortcoming is mobile floating terminal, reach the reliability deficiency of the direction of Submarine requirement, and lever damages the paint on Submarine top layer easily.

Also have a kind of known can be with its pinpoint system in the process that promotes Submarine, it comprises at least two floating terminals that buoyancy is different, and ship lift, ship lift comprises the dynamical element of the crane arm form that is installed on each floating terminal, grabbing device or excavating gear are arranged on the described crane arm, and, they can be locked together mutually by the fulcrum connection.This arrangement can make grabbing device or excavating gear on the crane arm relatively work.When using said apparatus, fulcrum moves downward under the effect of gravity, causes the grabbing device on the crane arm or the mode of the similar clamp effect of excavating gear to be moved.On grabbing device on the crane arm or the excavating gear pressure sensor device is installed, can in case reach predetermined pressure, causes this blocking device to lock together immediately, prevent that pressure from continuing to increase to the blocking device feedback information.Under special circumstances, the floating terminal can be rotated (see also UK Patent Application the 1st, 497, No. 533, on January 12nd, 1978 published) around axle separately.This system can catch object on liquid level, Submarine is accurately located, and changes the dilatory length of Submarine, and moves boats and ships by adjustable rigid connection.

The shortcoming of said apparatus is that dynamic movement is unpredictable when the little Submarine of emplacement depth, and in this case, needs to guarantee the stop arrangement space of expection fitly to be arranged by a plurality of Submarines.And, directly use grabbing device on the Submarine top layer, may cause damage to its top layer paint.

Above-mentioned by the different floating terminal of buoyancy and comprise known system that the ship lift that is configured in the dynamical element on the floating terminal forms selected as of the present invention near prior art.

Summary of the invention

Target of the present invention is an air navigation aid of expanding Submarine in the shallow water, reduces the dilatory length of Submarine, is applied to especially when Submarine enters dry dock, can improve its operability in the floating position of Submarine in shallow water.

Above-mentioned target of the present invention, can realize by following technical measures: a kind of system that is used for fixing Submarine, comprise the floating terminal that buoyancy can be regulated, and the Submarine bont; Described Submarine bont comprises load-carrying unit (on the described load-carrying unit, comprising the device that is fixed on the floating terminal); The Submarine bont comprises two load-carrying units at least, each load-carrying unit is all taked the form of crooked case beam, wherein at least one crooked case beam is rack-mount by bayonet connecting-type fast-assembling type grabbing device, and described support can unload, and be installed on the base, described base permanently is installed on the hull.

In addition, each crooked case beam has the transversal surface of a chest shape.

And it is on two supports of center of symmetry that at least one crooked case beam is installed in the hull centre plane.

In addition, crooked case beam should be fixed on the standard equipment of hull.

In addition, each support adopts cylindrical, and radial bracing or strutting arrangement is arranged on described base.

In addition, base is welded on the hull.

In addition, the device of stationary curved case beam can be selected bottle screw.

In addition, bayonet type bonded assembly fast-assembling type grabbing device adopts the form that handgrip is installed on the bar-shaped arm that has rest, described bar-shaped arm can rotate on support, described rest adopts the form of bulb, described handgrip can adopt hemispherical, the lid of a columniform hollow is installed on each support, and can be coupled rigidly with support, the above a end of hollow cover of one of them crooked case beam and support can be by having the arm of handgrip, lateral access is arranged on the support, can hold the arm that has handgrip, a latch well is arranged on the described passage, just in time opposite with rotational plane, its bus is the girth at the maximum gauge place of hemispherical handgrip.

Described bulb is positioned at the surface of described crooked case beam, and is overlapping with the hole of arm by having handgrip.

Have on each support described among radial bracing or strutting arrangement of empty lid.

Described handgrip adopt two identical but be installed in the form of the element on the arm relatively.

Each element of described handgrip adopts the form that is connected to the hemispherical parts on the arm by its base.

And each element of described handgrip adopts the form of ball layer.

The height of the lid of the described hollow with cylindrical outer shape is above the maximum gauge of described hemispherical parts.

The height of the lid of the described hollow with cylindrical outer shape is corresponding with the maximum gauge of described hemispherical parts.

The width that is used for the hole of the arm by having handgrip is corresponding with the extreme length of the connection base of described hemispherical parts.

Technique effect of the present invention comprises: the dilatory length adjustment of Submarine is consistent with the variation of floating terminal, and its principle is that each crooked case beam of barge bont all links together with adjustable floating terminal and Submarine hull.

Description of drawings

The present invention can be illustrated and understands by the following drawings:

Fig. 1 is the front schematic view of Submarine fixed system of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the birds-eye view that Submarine fixed system of the present invention is given prominence to the Submarine hull;

Fig. 3 is the cross sectional drawing of fast-assembling type handgrip;

Fig. 4 is the birds-eye view of fast-assembling type handgrip;

Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 represent to adopt the simple form of handgrip of the element of ball layer form.

The specific embodiment

A kind of device that is used for fixing Submarine 1 comprises that described Submarine bont 3 comprises the form design-calculated load-carrying unit with crooked case beam 4 (seeing also Fig. 1) along the floating terminal 2 and the Submarine bont 3 of Submarine 1 configuration.One of them crooked case beam 4 (being designated hereinafter simply as " case beam 4 ") of each ring-type links together by fast-assembling type handgrip 5 and support 6, and described support 6 is installed on the base 7, and can dismantle.One of them case beam 4 is installed in and is no less than on two this supports, and these two this supports are center of symmetry and arrange (seeing also Fig. 1) symmetrically with the centre plane of Submarine 1.Support 6 is cylindrical, and has radial bracing or strutting arrangement 8 on base 7.Like this, can guarantee the power of load is delivered on the position of barge hull installation support component, increase the installation reliability of support 6 top box beams 4.Base 7 is installed on the main casing 9 of Submarine rigidly, main mode by welding.So, support 6 is configured in the space 10 between the hull.End at each case beam 4, installed case beam 4 is fixed to device on the floating terminal 2, described erecting device represents that with 11 this device can be a bolt, and the bottle screw of additive incrementation (as shown in Figure 2), to strengthen being connected between floating terminal 2 and the case beam 4.

Because fixedly Submarine 1 time, need several Submarines that are fixed are arranged in together and keep neat and artistic, native system must have two case beams 4 at least, and separates along the Submarine shell.Distance of separation between the case beam 4 can calculate by the distance between Submarine stop position and the floating terminal 2.Especially when using the floating terminal, the same with distance between the case beam 4, can also determine effective length (seeing also Fig. 2) with described case beam 4 interactional floating terminals.And,, can consider to use the standard set-up on the Submarine main casing 9, words if in the design of Submarine, considered this needs for fixing another one case beam 4 (in this system, two case beams 4 being arranged).

In order to guarantee the bending strength in the operating process, reduce material consumption, the transversal surface of crooked case beam is a boxed-section shape.

The fast-assembling type grabbing device 5 of connecting box beam 4 and support 6 adopts bayonet type connection mode, and comprises the arm 13 that has bracing or strutting arrangement 14, and handgrip 15 is positioned at the end (seeing also Fig. 3) of arm 13.Arm 13 adopts cylindrical ear of maize, can rotate around its axle, and the bracing or strutting arrangement 14 of arm 13 adopts the form of bulb, and it is hemispherical, for example identical with bulb 14 that the handgrip 15 of arm 13 adopts, and is included between two planes capable of being combined (base plate).Under the simplest situation, plane capable of being combined is parallel, hemispherical handgrip 15 steering ball layers, and its base plate is parallel, altitude hold, and the maximum gauge of side (spheric region) is no more than ball size.Handgrip 15 can adopt the form (as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4) of an element on the base that is fixed on arm 13, like this, and the axle of ball layer symmetry and a right angle intersection of arm 13.Handgrip 15 also can adopt the form of two components identical, for example, with the form of a ball layer, relatively is fixed on respectively on the base of arm 13, from its axle, towards different sides (not showing among Fig. 3 and Fig. 4).In this case, handgrip 15 equals the maximum gauge and the width thereof of ball layer along the degree of arm 13---and equal the ultimate range (adopting two assemblies) between the external base, perhaps only equal the height (only adopting an assembly) of ball layer.Handgrip 15 also can adopt complicated more geometric configuration, for example cuts the shape (normal conditions all are such) of the ball of a part, can also adopt the form of two relative same parts, is fixed on the arm 13 by base.In this case, if handgrip 15 adopts the form of discrete-component, handgrip 15 is no more than the maximum gauge of spheroid fragment along the length of arm 13, handgrip 15 along perpendicular to the width of the direction of the axle of arm 13 then with relative base between, perpendicular to the maximum width unanimity of the axle of arm 13; If handgrip 15 adopts the form of two elements, handgrip 15 is consistent along the extreme length between the same area between the external base of the length of arm 13 and subtend.

For being connected between guard box beam 4 and the support 6, porose 16 on the case beam 4, arm 13 and handgrip 15 can pass through hole 16, like this, the transversal surface in this hole and width consistent with the greatest cross-section of handgrip 15 on perpendicular to the plane of the axle of arm 13 (especially, consistent with the ball layer height, as shown in Figure 4).For case beam 4 and support 6 are linked together, the bracing or strutting arrangement of arm, promptly bulb 14 must with hole 16 crossovers on the case beam 4.Arm 13 must be able to sway, and when swaying, guarantee that handgrip 15 also rotates simultaneously, and case beam 4 must be fixed on the position at this moment.Can find that in conjunction with Fig. 4 handgrip 15 adopts the form of discrete-component, is ball layer shape, rotate 90 degree (dotting) from the initial installation site between case beam 4 and the support 6.In order to finish this action, individual lateral access 17 is arranged on the support 6, can hold arm 13 and handgrip 15.Like this, the transversal surface of described passage at an upper portion thereof 18 with hole 16 identical, and a latch well 19 (as shown in Figure 3) is arranged on the described passage, and described transversal surface is opposite with the spheric region of the ball layer of handgrip 15 (under special circumstances) to small part, perhaps relevant with surface of revolution (it is the girth of clipping the maximum gauge place of a part of spheroid that this kind situation belongs to bus).Handgrip 15 rotates 90 degree in latch well 19, will cause the zone 18 overlapping (as shown in Figure 4) with lateral access 17, and case beam 4 is fixed on the support 6.

Coaxial in order to guarantee arm 13 with support 6, and unbalanced possibility appears in the axle (Submarine midline plane) of getting rid of case beam 4 and symmetry, the lid 21 of a columniform hollow all is installed on the end 22 of each support 6, and there is the hole 23 that holds handgrip 15 this position.Be understood that hole 23 and described hole 16 identical (as shown in Figure 3).The inner chamber 24 of hollow cover 21 must be corresponding with the maximum gauge of handgrip 15 (if base is different, the perhaps identical but ball size difference of base, this diameter can be corresponding to the diameter of a base of ball layer).Like this, lid 21 can pass through flange 25,26 and bolt 27 and connecting bore, is installed in rigidly on the support 6 separately.All these measures can guarantee that the arm 13 of fast-assembling type grabbing device 5 is arranged on the support 6, guarantee the reliability of the operation of grabbing device 5.May occupy two extreme positions, i.e. the vertical and horizontal of lateral access 17 (as shown in Figure 4).Handgrip 15 unloads but when can remain on the chamber 24 of transforming below the end 22, lid 21 can also be transferred to midway location with fast-assembling type grabbing device 5 from support.For example, under the situation of the usefulness of ressembling this system, confession fixed position.For handgrip is transferred to midway location, the height of hollow cover 21 should surpass the maximum gauge at spheroid position (perhaps spheric region) of the brachymemma of handgrip 15.In order to strengthen being connected of lid 21 and the support 6 that supports case beam 4, improve the bulk strength of fast-assembling type grabbing device 5, also disposed radial bracing or strutting arrangement 28 for lid 21, can come the flange 26 of supporting bracket 6 with it.

In fixing Submarine, for example, Submarine is imported under the situation of dry dock, in order to regulate dilatory length, the mutual action between hull 9 and the adjustable floating terminal 2 can be guaranteed by bont 3.In order to carry out this operation, base 7 adopts cylindrical form, and mounting flange on the hull of Submarine guarantees being rigidly connected between flange and the hull by welding.Cylindrical stent 6 is installed on the base 7, be positioned at one of them crooked case beam 4 below, guarantee between them it is that midline plane with Submarine 1 is the symmetric relation of center of symmetry.The arm 13 of fast-assembling type grabbing device 5 and handgrip 15 are by the hole 16 on the case beam 4, and arm 13 enters latch well 19 by handgrip 15 and is arranged in support 6.Overlapping the time, handgrip 15 changes extreme position (being control position) over to lateral access 17, and like this, fixedly the position of the element of fast-assembling type grabbing device 5 links together case beam 4 and support 6.Install according to predetermined way floating terminal 2, guarantees the mutual action between Submarine 1 and the case beam 4.For this purpose, the latter is connected on the floating terminal by anchor fitting 11 (bolt) and bottle screw 12, discharges the water in the floating terminal then, changes its buoyancy, makes its come-up and promotes Submarine.This lifting operation can be controlled by such mode: by guaranteeing and case beam 4 interactional preassigned patterns, Submarine is reached on the certain location.Water with ballasting in the barge is discharged from, and Submarine is thus lifted to 2 predefined positions, floating terminal.

According to calculating, comprise this system of two above-mentioned load bearing components, just can promote the stern of Submarine, so just can adopt the dilatory length of maximum possible, Submarine is imported dry dock.In this operating process, owing to the rigidity that is connected between load-carrying unit (case beam 4) and Submarine hull and the floating terminal, the possibility of damaging Submarine top layer paint is excluded fully.

Claims (16)

1. ship's fix system at Submarine, comprise the floating terminal (2) that to regulate buoyancy, an and hull bont (3), described hull bont (3) comprises the load-carrying unit that self can be fixed on the floating terminal, it is characterized in that described hull bont (3) comprises at least two load-carrying units, each load-carrying unit all adopts the form of crooked case beam (4), one of them crooked case beam (4) is installed on the support (6) by bayonet type bonded assembly fast-assembling type grabbing device (5), described support (6) can be dismantled, and all there are a base (7), described base (7) to be installed in rigidly on the hull (9) of Submarine (1).

2. ship's fix system according to claim 1, the transversal surface that it is characterized in that crooked case beam is a boxed-section shape.

3. ship's fix system according to claim 1 it is characterized in that at least one crooked case beam (4) is installed on two supports (6), and these two supports (6) is the axis of symmetry symmetric offset spread with the Submarine midline plane.

4. ship's fix system according to claim 1 is characterized in that crooked case beam (4) is fixed on the standard equipment of hull (9) of Submarine (1).

5. ship's fix system according to claim 1, it is cylindrical to it is characterized in that each support (6) all is processed as, and goes up configuration radial bracing or strutting arrangement (8) at described base (7).

6. ship's fix system according to claim 1 is characterized in that base (7) is welded on the hull (9) of Submarine (1).

7. ship's fix system according to claim 1 is characterized in that the method that crooked case beam (4) is fixed on the floating terminal (2) is the bottle screw (12) that has erecting device (11).

8. ship's fix system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that bayonet type bonded assembly fast-assembling type grabbing device (5) adopts following form: an arm (13) that has bracing or strutting arrangement (14), its end is a handgrip (15), described arm (13) can be gone up at support (6) and rotate, the bracing or strutting arrangement (14) of described arm (13) adopts the bulb form, the handgrip (15) of described arm (13) is taked the form of the spheroid that is shaped as brachymemma of discrete-component at least, each support (6) is gone up the lid (21) that a columniform hollow is installed, described lid (21) is installed together rigidly with described support (6), one of them crooked case beam (4) go up and described each support (6) on the end of hollow cover (21) on porose (16,23), pass through for arm (13) and handgrip (15); Lateral access (17) is arranged on the support (6), can hold arm (13) and handgrip (15), latch well (19) is arranged on the described passage, and described latch well (19) is opposite with the rotating surface of handgrip (15), and its bus is the girth of the spheroid maximum gauge partly of brachymemma.

9. as the ship's fix system as described in the claim 8, it is characterized in that described bulb (14) is positioned on the surface of described case beam (4), allow with overlapping by the hole (16) of arm (13) and handgrip (15).

10. as the ship's fix system as described in the claim 8, it is characterized in that on each support (6) that all configuration is for the radial bracing or strutting arrangement (28) of described hollow cover (21) use.

11., it is characterized in that described handgrip (15) adopts the form that relatively is installed in two components identical on the arm (13) as the ship's fix system as described in the claim 8.

12. as the ship's fix system as described in the claim 8, each element that it is characterized in that described handgrip (15) all adopts the form of the spheroid of brachymemma, and is connected on the arm (13) by its base.

13., it is characterized in that handgrip (15) takes the form of ball layer as the ship's fix system as described in the claim 8.

14., it is characterized in that the height of described cylindrical hollow lid (21) surpasses the maximum gauge of the spheroid of described brachymemma as the ship's fix system as described in the claim 8.

15. as the ship's fix system as described in the claim 8, the height that it is characterized in that described cylindrical hollow lid (21) is consistent with the maximum gauge of the spheroid of described brachymemma.

16. the ship's fix system as described in the claim 8 is characterized in that the width by the hole (16) of arm (13) and handgrip (15), and is consistent with the extreme length of the connection base of the spheroid of described brachymemma.

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