CN100464688C - Human eyesight measuring apparatus and method thereof - Google Patents
Human eyesight measuring apparatus and method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN100464688C CN100464688C CNB2005100648636A CN200510064863A CN100464688C CN 100464688 C CN100464688 C CN 100464688C CN B2005100648636 A CNB2005100648636 A CN B2005100648636A CN 200510064863 A CN200510064863 A CN 200510064863A CN 100464688 C CN100464688 C CN 100464688C
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- 230000004438 eyesight Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 59
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Abstract
The invention provides a device for measuring eyesight, comprising: a visual target showing device; a device for reading reaction of measured people; control device, used to control visual target showing device to show visual target and calculate measure result according to measured people 's reaction. The device enables eyesight measurement to be taken automatically. Furthermore, the invention applies modern psycho-physics to eyesight measurement, and offers non-grade measurement. The said control device controls visual target showing device to show visual target and calculates result according to psycho-physics, so the measurement result is more accurate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the measuring device in a kind of medical science, particularly a kind of human eyesight measuring apparatus.
Background technology
Eyesight measurement is a kind of human visual function's the most basic measurement means, is widely used in ophthalmic diagnosis, and aspects such as mirror, occupation selection and traffic safety are joined in optometry.Mainly there is the problem of following three aspects in present eyesight measurement.
The first, at present, mainly use the visual acuity chart (perhaps high correlated projection visuometer of high brightness and lamp box visuometer) of normal brightness in bright room, to measure, the vision of measured vision under usually can only the reaction normal lighting condition.Yet a large amount of visual sciences studies show that human eyesight changes with lighting condition.Great changes have taken place in the change that our present visual environment is lived with modernization.For example we not only need (as fine day) drive also need drive at (as rainy day or night) under dim environment under bright environment.And we are different from vision under the bright light environments in the vision under the dim environment.Will danger close if we do not understand own vision under dim environment.Join the vision information that more needs in the mirror under the different visual conditions in ophthalmic diagnosis and optometry.Like this, with regard to being necessary the vision under the different visual environments is measured.
The second, present employed eyesight measurement is a level measurement, as 1.0,1.2 etc.And can not measure the vision between 1.0 to 1.2.Normally used measuring method is classic eyesight measurement method in the process of this level measurement, people's ophthalmoreaction is divided into visible and cannot see dual mode, but measurement result is obviously accurate inadequately.
The 3rd, present eyesight measurement need (for example, the doctor carry out under) the guidance, and can not carry out automatically, and measurement result more or less can be mixed up main survey person's subjective factors main survey person.
Therefore, need a kind of measuring device that can automatically, accurately measure the vision under the varying environment.
Summary of the invention
Consider the problems referred to above, proposed brand-new human eyesight measuring apparatus of the present invention.
According to the present invention, a kind of human eyesight measuring apparatus is provided, comprising:
Optotype presenting apparatus is used to show sighting target;
The measured reacts reading device, is used to read the reaction of measured to the sighting target of Optotype presenting apparatus demonstration;
Control device is used to control Optotype presenting apparatus and shows sighting target, and calculates measurement result according to measured's reaction.
Described control device comprises:
The sighting target display control section is used for controlling described Optotype presenting apparatus according to psychophysical method and shows sighting target;
The measured reacts receiving unit, is used for reacting reading device from described measured and receives the reaction of described measured to the sighting target of demonstration;
The measurement result calculating section, be used for reaction according to described measured, calculate measurement result according to psychophysical method, described measurement result is described measured to be seen clearly on the sighting target grade according to the S centre of form reason reaction functions probability of sighting target tries to achieve described measured's correct response probability distribution do sunykatuib analysis, and with the theoretical sighting target size of the correct response probability threshold value correspondence set as final visual outcome, obtain non-grade eyesight measurement result.
In above-mentioned preferred implementation of the present invention, proposed a kind of modern psychophysical method to be applied to the theory of eyesight measurement, thereby not only can make eyesight measurement automatization, and can also make more science, accurately of eyesight measurement result.Its ultimate principle is that people's ophthalmoreaction is considered as probability event, and measure purpose is in order to determine the probability of correct response on some sighting target grade, thereby try to achieve correct response probability distribution (being the psychoreaction function), and with the pairing theoretical sighting target size of a certain specific correct response probit as final visual outcome.At present existing various modern psychophysical method is used for vision research, but is not used in daily eyesight measurement.
In the present invention, in order to obtain accurate eyesight measurement result, the thought of non-level measurement has been proposed.Non-level measurement need use modern psychophysical method.In the process of non-level measurement, select flexibly and the accurately feature and the display mode of sighting target on the control display screen according to modern psychophysical method, simulate different visual environments, write down measured's reaction simultaneously and utilize the psychoreaction function to analyze, thereby realized the non-grade test near and distance of human eye under multiple different visual environments in the hope of visual outcome.
In sum, use human eyesight measuring apparatus of the present invention, have following advantage:
1. use human eyesight measuring apparatus of the present invention, sighting target shows and the measured reacts and automatically carries out under the control of controller, thereby the automatization that has realized eyesight measurement is side by side except the influence of main survey person to eyesight measurement.
2. use human eyesight measuring apparatus of the present invention, the process and the result of eyesight measurement are stored in the control device, thereby have realized with no paper information management.
3. use human eyesight measuring apparatus according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, can select neatly and the shape of sighting target on the control display screen accurately, size, brightness, contrast, color, multinomial feature and demonstration time and orders such as sighting target motion, thereby realized under the different visual environments, the mensuration of more wide in range vision ability, having remedied traditional method can only measurement standard brightness, the weak point of the vision under the static situation; And, can provide very important information for the monitoring of the early diagnosis and therapy effect of ophthalmic to the measurement of vision under different brightness and the different contrast conditions.
4. use human eyesight measuring apparatus according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the display mode of sighting target is accurately to be controlled by computer according to modern psychophysical method, thereby makes more science of eyesight measurement.
5. use human eyesight measuring apparatus according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, can carry out statistical analysis in the hope of visual outcome to measured's reaction according to modern psychophysical method, thereby realize more accurately non-grade eyesight measurement.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the population structure sketch map of human eyesight measuring apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the control device of human eyesight measuring apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the work process of control device as shown in Figure 2.
Fig. 4 is the sketch map of the S centre of form reason reaction functions in the modern psychophysics.
The specific embodiment
Hereinafter with reference to accompanying drawing preferred implementation of the present invention is described.
At first with reference to Fig. 1, it has provided the general illustration according to human eyesight measuring apparatus of the present invention.As shown in Figure 1, indicate to measure the measured's of vision eyes with label 3, human eyesight measuring apparatus of the present invention comprises the Optotype presenting apparatus 1 that is used for showing to the measured sighting target, the measured who is used to read the reaction of the sighting target that the measured shows Optotype presenting apparatus reacts reading device 4, and is used to control Optotype presenting apparatus to the demonstration of sighting target with calculate the control device 2 of measurement result according to measured's reaction.
Described Optotype presenting apparatus 1 can include, but not limited to LCD or CRT monitor, and the sighting target of its demonstration can be traditional E sign, also can be other English alphabet sighting targets or the figure sighting target that is suitable for according to international standard.Yet the present invention will be that example describes with sighting target E mainly.
Described control device 2 can be the electronic device that possesses computing and memory function, includes but not limited to computer, single-chip microcomputer, comprises the handheld device of PDA and e-book.
Although be that example represents that the measured reacts reading device 4 with the Genius mouse among Fig. 1, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the equipment that possesses input function such as keyboard, game operation bar and operating case, mike etc. is all applicable.
In addition, although reacting between reading device 4 and the described control device 2, described Optotype presenting apparatus 1 and measured shown in Fig. 1 link to each other by the wired connection mode, yet should be appreciated that also can be by linking to each other such as modes such as radio communication connection, infrared connections between them.In other words, as long as can realize required signal transmission between each device, any connected mode all is feasible.
Hereinafter with reference to Fig. 2 the structure of control device 2 of the present invention is elaborated.
As shown in Figure 2, described control device 2 further comprises a sighting target display control section 25, is used to control the sighting target demonstration of Optotype presenting apparatus 1; The measured reacts receiving unit 26, is used for reacting reading device 4 from the measured and receives the reaction of measured to sighting target; And measurement result calculating section 27, be used for after all demonstrations of sighting target finish,, calculating measurement result according to each secondary response of measured.
Those skilled in the art can understand, according to the present invention, when measuring vision with classical approach, can pass through in control device (for example showing sighting target, sighting target E) number of times and order are carried out suitable programming, and show to the measured one by one, and the measured is by the reaction input control device of an input equipment with oneself, control device is according to measured's correct response probability output measured's eyesight measurement result subsequently, thus the automatization that realizes eyesight measurement.
To be example below, the working condition in eyesight measurement device described in the preferred implementation of the present invention (particularly control device 2 each ingredient) will be described with a perfect measurement process shown in Figure 3.
As shown in Figure 3, the work of control device 2 enters step 310 subsequently from step 300.In step 310, sighting target display control section 25 provides first sighting target (for example, sighting target E) that will show according to modern psychophysics control mode, sends Optotype presenting apparatus 1 to.Described modern psychophysics control mode comprises multinomial feature and display mode, demonstration times such as shape that the control sighting target shows, size, brightness, contrast, color, sighting target motion, shows number of times and DISPLAY ORDER etc.
On the one hand, the features such as brightness, contrast by the control sighting target can simulate different environment and situation, for example dim environment or the environment under particular color light, thus can reach the purpose of measuring the vision under the multiple visual environment.On the other hand, owing to can accurately control the demonstration of sighting target by modern psychophysics mode, thereby can make more science of eyesight measurement, and can get rid of the influence of main survey person's subjective factors in the existing metering system.
For example, measure the vision under the dim environment, can be by selecting features such as suitable contrast, brightness, simulate dim environment, perhaps to measure the vision when driving in the rainy day, then can simulate this scene by adjusting contrast, brightness, the motion of sighting target, the features such as demonstration time of sighting target.Modern psychophysics to display mode, the demonstration time of the control of the various features of sighting target and sighting target, show that the control of aspects such as number of times and DISPLAY ORDER has sophisticated analysis and research, more detailed content can be referring to for example R.L.Woods ﹠amp; W.D.Thomson (1993) A comparison of psychometric methods formeasuring the contrast sensitivity of experienced observers.ClinicalVision Sciences, Vol.8, pp401-415.In addition, those skilled in the art can understand, the selection of above-mentioned these features and adjust all and can easily realize by sighting target display control section 25 is carried out suitable programming perhaps realizes by the hardware mode that adopts discrete component, perhaps the two is combined and realizes.
Receive and after the measured has shown first sighting target from sighting target display control unit 25 at Optotype presenting apparatus 1, the measured reacts receiving unit 26 and reacts the reaction of reading device 4 reception measured according to the sensation input of oneself from the measured in step 320, and this reaction is stored in (not shown) in the storage device.
Subsequently, in step 330, a judgment means (not shown) of control device 2 judges whether that other sighting targets will show in addition, also have other sighting targets to show if in step 330, judge, then step 310 is returned in the work of control device 2, provides the sighting target that the next one will show by sighting target display control unit 25.The next sighting target that should show depends on the previous reaction of measured, is provided according to modern psychophysics mode by sighting target display control section 2, can carry out according to modes such as single line or two-wire staircase method, most probable number methods usually.For example, if the measured is " cannot see " to the reaction of the sighting target E of one 1.0 classification standard brightness, then next sighting target may show the sighting target E of one 0.9 grade; If opposite measured's reaction is " visible ", then next sighting target may show the sighting target E of one 1.2 grade.Therefore, when more sighting target will show, repeating step 310-330, control device 2 shows sighting target once more according to the desired order of modern psychophysics, and from measured's reception and storage reaction, so go down till desired order finishes according to modern psychophysical method and certainty of measurement, promptly step 330 is judged as "No".
Subsequently, the work of control device 2 enters step 340, retrieves each secondary response of the measured of storage from storage device by measurement result calculating section 27, and it is carried out statistical analysis in the hope of visual outcome.Calculating eyesight measurement as a result the time, can use S centre of form reason reaction functions curve usually, as shown in Figure 4.
In Fig. 4, suppose that a certain measured can just confirm 9 to the sighting target on 10 1.0 grades, and only can just confirm 4 the sighting target on 10 1.2 grades.If at this moment this measured's vision will be decided to be 1.0 with classic eyesight measurement method.If but use modern psychophysical method will think that this measured sees clearly that on 1.0 grades the probability of sighting target is 90%, and the probability of seeing clearly sighting target on 1.2 grades is 40%, be combined in the probability of seeing clearly sighting target on other grade simultaneously, according to this S centre of form reason reaction functions these results are tried to achieve this measured's correct response probability distribution do sunykatuib analysis, and with the pairing theoretical sighting target size of a certain specific correct response probit as final visual outcome.If getting 50% correct response probability is threshold value, measured's vision will be between 1.0 to 1.2 but very near a value of 1.2.If getting 90% correct response probability is threshold value, measured's vision then is very near a value of 1.0.By the aforesaid operations of control device 2, can realize non-grade eyesight measurement proposed by the invention, thus the precision and the motility that have improved eyesight measurement.Relevant use S centre of form reason reaction functions calculates the more detailed content of measurement result, can be referring to B.Treutwein (1995) Minireview adaptive psychophysical procedures.Vision Research, Vol.35, pp.2503-2522.
The result of calculation of measurement result calculating section 27 can be exported by Optotype presenting apparatus 1 or by control device 2 output device (not shown) own.
Preferred implementation according to eyesight measurement device of the present invention has more than been described, promptly by adopting modern psychophysical method to control the process of eyesight measurement, to realize automatically, accurately measuring the purpose of the vision under the different visual environments.
Because the process of eyesight measurement of the present invention and result store and record at control device, thereby can also realize with no paper information management.
In addition, eyesight measurement device of the present invention has been broken through in traditional eyesight measurement the essential restriction that is equipped with projection visuometer and lamp box visuometer, at common desk computer, notebook computer, single-chip microcomputer, comprise on the handheld device of PDA and e-book and can realize.
Abovely the brand-new eyesight measurement device that the present invention proposes is described with reference to preferred embodiment.But it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that each preferred implementation that the present invention provides is for illustrative purposes, should not be construed as any limitation of the invention.Those skilled in the art can obtain about any distortion of the present invention and improvement according to foregoing description, but these distortion and improvement all are included in the scope and spirit of the present invention defined in the claims of enclosing.
Claims (8)
1. human eyesight measuring apparatus comprises:
Optotype presenting apparatus is used to show sighting target;
The measured reacts reading device, is used to read the reaction of measured to the sighting target of described Optotype presenting apparatus demonstration;
Control device is used to control described Optotype presenting apparatus and shows sighting target, and calculates measurement result according to described measured's reaction;
Described control device comprises:
The sighting target display control section is used for controlling described Optotype presenting apparatus according to psychophysical method and shows sighting target;
The measured reacts receiving unit, is used for reacting reading device from described measured and receives the reaction of described measured to the sighting target of demonstration;
The measurement result calculating section, be used for reaction according to described measured, calculate measurement result according to psychophysical method, described measurement result is described measured to be seen clearly on the sighting target grade according to the S centre of form reason reaction functions probability of sighting target tries to achieve described measured's correct response probability distribution do sunykatuib analysis, and with the theoretical sighting target size of the correct response probability threshold value correspondence set as final visual outcome, obtain non-grade eyesight measurement result.
2. human eyesight measuring apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said sighting target display control section be according to the pattern of wanting mimic environment control sighting target to show, and it is one of following at least that described pattern comprises: size, brightness, contrast, color and sighting target move.
3. human eyesight measuring apparatus according to claim 1 and 2, wherein said sighting target display control section according to psychophysical method control sighting target show one of following at least: display mode, show number of times, demonstration time and DISPLAY ORDER.
4. human eyesight measuring apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said Optotype presenting apparatus are LCD or CRT, and the sighting target of its demonstration is an one of the following at least: E sign, other English alphabet sighting target or figure sighting targets that are suitable for.
5. human eyesight measuring apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said control device comprises the electronic device that possesses computing and memory function, comprises one of following at least: computer, single-chip microcomputer, comprise the handheld device of PDA and e-book.
6. human eyesight measuring apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said measured react reading device be following one of at least: keyboard, Genius mouse, game operation bar and operating case.
7. human eyesight measuring apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said Optotype presenting apparatus and measured react between reading device and the described control device by one of following manner at least and link to each other: be electrically connected, wireless connections.
8. human eyesight measuring apparatus according to claim 1 is embodied as computer, single-chip microcomputer or comprises PDA and the handheld device of e-book.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US7926943B1 (en) * | 2009-11-10 | 2011-04-19 | Nike, Inc. | Peripheral vision training and/or testing during central vision fixation |
| CN102334975A (en) * | 2011-10-31 | 2012-02-01 | 杜学静 | Intelligent vision inspection instrument |
| CN102499625A (en) * | 2011-11-01 | 2012-06-20 | 中国人民解放军第三军医大学 | Infrared remote control vision automatic measuring device and testing device |
| CN103976706A (en) * | 2014-05-20 | 2014-08-13 | 科云(上海)信息技术有限公司 | Intelligent vision examination device |
| DE102015115202A1 (en) * | 2015-09-09 | 2017-03-09 | Optik Hecht E.K. | System for checking visual performance and for detecting and correcting visual defects |
| CN109875498B (en) * | 2019-02-19 | 2021-07-30 | 温州医科大学 | A dynamic vision measurement system based on reaction time |
| CN110063712B (en) * | 2019-04-01 | 2022-01-18 | 深圳市明瞳视光科技有限公司 | Lens displacement optometry system based on simulated light field by adopting cloud technology |
| CN111938566A (en) * | 2020-07-14 | 2020-11-17 | 上海粲高教育设备有限公司 | Unattended vision screening device |
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| US4057911A (en) * | 1976-07-29 | 1977-11-15 | Sack Thomas F | Portable psycho-physical automobile driver testing device |
| US4493539A (en) * | 1982-06-30 | 1985-01-15 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force | Method and apparatus for objective determination of visual contrast sensitivity functions |
| US6227668B1 (en) * | 1999-05-14 | 2001-05-08 | Visionrx Inc. | Visual test using counter-phase chromatic and achromatic stimuli |
| CN1515225A (en) * | 2003-01-09 | 2004-07-28 | 上海锦江科技工程公司 | Full-automatic visual acuity detector |
| CN2683022Y (en) * | 2004-02-20 | 2005-03-09 | 黄黎敏 | Color anomalopia chromatopsia quantitative detector |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4057911A (en) * | 1976-07-29 | 1977-11-15 | Sack Thomas F | Portable psycho-physical automobile driver testing device |
| US4493539A (en) * | 1982-06-30 | 1985-01-15 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force | Method and apparatus for objective determination of visual contrast sensitivity functions |
| US6227668B1 (en) * | 1999-05-14 | 2001-05-08 | Visionrx Inc. | Visual test using counter-phase chromatic and achromatic stimuli |
| CN1515225A (en) * | 2003-01-09 | 2004-07-28 | 上海锦江科技工程公司 | Full-automatic visual acuity detector |
| CN2683022Y (en) * | 2004-02-20 | 2005-03-09 | 黄黎敏 | Color anomalopia chromatopsia quantitative detector |
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