CN100462910C

CN100462910C - Apparatus, system and method for access control

Info

Publication number: CN100462910C
Application number: CNB2006101413454A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 泽勉; 武富伦子
Original assignee: International Business Machines Corp
Current assignee: International Business Machines Corp
Priority date: 2005-10-04
Filing date: 2006-09-29
Publication date: 2009-02-18
Anticipated expiration: 2026-09-29
Also published as: JP4240496B2; CN1945698A; US20070079053A1; JP2007102925A; US7606987B2

Abstract

The present invention disclosed an apparatus, system and method for access control. The control apparatus 100 relays read/write instructions for a magnetic disk unit, and the control apparatus 100 includes an access-area setting unit 10 that dynamically specifies one of a plurality of unit areas provided in a magnetic disk storage area as an access area for data, an addressing unit 30 that updates the value of a write address in a data write request with an address that represents a physical sector corresponding to an access area in the storage area, and a valid-area changing unit 20 that migrates data to a sector in an access area from a physical sector in another unit area corresponding to the sector at predetermined time. The invention can prevent for a prolonged time period, the fixed-position floating status of a head in the control operation of a storage unit, and prevent a decrease in the reliability due to deterioration in the properties of a storage medium, a control apparatus is described.

Description

The equipment, the system and method that are used for access control

Technical field

The present invention relates to for example control of the storage unit of computer system, relate more specifically to the control of the storage unit that reads and writes data as storage medium, by magnetic head with disk etc.

Background technology

Recently, computed information equipment is available widely, and is used for various application.In these information equipments some are used for a long time continuously.For example, in being installed in 24 hours ATM (Automatic Teller Machine) (ATM) in the shop, monitor the state of this machine, and maintenance log and be written into disc unit (hard disk drive (HDD)).Like this, disc unit keeps operation, and no matter whether the access that for example causes owing to affairs has taken place.

In this disc unit of long-time continuous operation, such problem may take place, promptly be maintained fixed the position floating state for a long time, wherein magnetic head is being positioned at disc (platter) (promptly, disk sheet) operates on certain magnetic track, therefore local performance degradation takes place, thereby reduce reliability.Generally speaking, provide magnetic head in the rear end of about 1 square millimeter small pieces, wherein these small pieces also are known as slider pad.When reading or writing data by magnetic head, slider pad wherein has trickle space by because the air pressure that the rotation of disc generates remains on magnetic head in the state that magnetic head floats between magnetic head and disc.Or rather, the following problems that causes owing to the fixed position floating state is caused by slider pad.Yet for simplicity, in this manual, so-called magnetic head comprises slider pad.

When disc keeps rotation magnetic head rests in the narrow zone for a long time simultaneously, the air pressure between magnetic head and the disc will be coated to the both sides that the lubricant on the disc surface is pushed magnetic head open, thereby form wall.When these walls of magnetic head and lubricant collided, magnetic head may sharply rebound, and collides with disc surface, thereby magnetic surface is impaired, perhaps temperature because the heat that causes with the friction of lubricant may raise, thus temperature surpasses Curie point in the part, and magnetic surface is by degaussing.These may be the reasons of read error.And, under the situation of write data, when magnetic head and the collision of lubricant wall, may change the head gap owing to the influence of collision, thus the write operation instability, perhaps may be owing to heat of friction and by degaussing to the magnetic surface of its write data.These may be the reasons of read error.A kind of motion control can be considered to prevent the measure of this problem (because problem of fixed position floating state), wherein when magnetic head when in the predetermined or longer time period access not taking place and resting on same position owing to, magnetic head is forced to return to one's own department or unit (original position).Yet, in the equipment of all 24 hours ATM as described above, wherein obtain the state daily record of this equipment, and be written into disc unit on short circulation intercycle ground, such occasion does not take place, wherein carry out control, make magnetic head turn back to one's own department or unit.Like this, this motion control is not effective measures.

There is a kind of known method (for example) that is used to solve owing to the problem of fixed position floating state, wherein amounts to frequency, and change by the data storage place of the address of frequent access according to predetermined logic to the access of each address referring to patent documentation 1.In this known method, the surface of medium is provided with piece.When the access of kainogenesis to piece, when this piece comprised by the address of frequent access, then access point was forced to change to alternative site.

Have the another kind of method (for example, referring to patent documentation 2) that is used to solve owing to the problem of fixed position floating state, the storage area in its medium is set as storage area and is separated from each other (make and the gap occurs).In this another known method, be intended under situation about moving between the storage area, prevent that by the displacement that increases magnetic head magnetic head is in a fixed position floating state at magnetic head.

[patent documentation 1] Japanese unexamined patent is announced No.2001-357636

[patent documentation 2] Japanese unexamined patent is announced No.2003-296904

Summary of the invention

Problem to be solved by this invention

As mentioned above, preferably, in the disc unit of long-time continuous operation, do not keep the fixed position floating state of magnetic head for a long time.In particular, recently, along with the memory capacity of disc unit increases greatly, track density increases.Like this, even when reading or writing the data of equal number, also shortened the displacement of magnetic head.Therefore, such state might take place, wherein, magnetic head rests on the particular track.Like this, need a kind of like this method, wherein can prevent to keep for a long time the fixed position floating state of magnetic head effectively.

In patent documentation 1 described known method,, prevent to keep for a long time the fixed position floating state of magnetic head by being to comprise by the piece of the address of frequent access specifying alternative address to change the access address.Yet, in this known method, because the access address becomes optional address, so the data of original order in order record are disperseed gradually.When being dispersed on the disc by the data of frequent access, the performance that disc unit may take place slows down.

In addition, in this known method, calculate frequency of access, and the programmed logic of change access address always moves based on this result to each piece.The expense that takes place owing to the operation of this programmed logic may cause the performance of disc unit to slow down.

In patent documentation 2 described known methods, be intended to by under the situation that forms suitable gap between the storage area, the fixed position floating state that storage area prevents magnetic head being set.Yet in this known method, the zone of record data is fixed.Like this, when being concentrated on particular memory region (magnetic track) by the data fragments of frequent access, such problem taking place, wherein can not prevent the fixed position floating state of magnetic head in this storage area.

Described above in the disc unit because the problem of fixed position floating state.In being different from the storage unit of disc unit, can take place similarly because the problem of the fixed position floating state of head (head). for example, in that comprise can be by the CD of overwriting data repeatedly (for example, DVD-RAM) in the storage unit as medium, be well known that, when the access (data read and write) that continues certain tracks, the rising temperature of track causes performance degradation.

Thereby, the objective of the invention is to prevent effectively in the control operation of disc unit or other storage unit, to keep for a long time the fixed position floating state of head, to prevent because the reliability that the degeneration of storage medium characteristic causes reduction.

The means that are used to deal with problems

In order to realize aforementioned purpose, the invention provides the opertaing device of a kind of control to the data access of storage medium, this storage medium comprises storage area, in at least a portion of this storage area, comprise a plurality of unit areas, each unit area comprises a plurality of physical sectors, this opertaing device comprises: accessing zone is provided with the unit, and dynamically one of designating unit zone is as the accessing zone of data for it, and wherein logic sector is assigned to corresponding physical sector in this unit area; Selected cell, it upgrades first address with second address, wherein first address is designated as data and writes the address that writes in the request, and the pairing physical sector of logic sector that is associated with first address in the unit area of accessing zone is represented to be designated as in second address; And the effective coverage changes the unit, it at the fixed time, total data in first physical sector is transplanted to second physical sector in the unit area that is designated as accessing zone from first physical sector, wherein first physical sector is assigned with the logic sector identical with the logic sector of distributing to second physical sector, and is designated as before having specified current accessing zone in one of the unit area of accessing zone.

In detail, when the unit being set at accessing zone dynamically having specified one of unit area to be designated as physical sector reading of data in one of the unit area of storage area after as accessing zone before specified current accessing zone, perhaps when the data of having submitted one of unit area to being designated as accessing zone to write request, the effective coverage changes the unit can carry out data migration.In this case, can adopt such pattern, wherein data migration is carried out in any time of situation below: the situation of read data and the situation of write data.In addition, can the unit be set at accessing zone has dynamically specified one of unit area to transplant total data in the unit area in as the predetermined amount of time after the accessing zone.Specifically, for example, can be right after after having changed accessing zone, perhaps at the fixed time in the section when not having accessible storage medium, transplant data.Carrying out thick and fast at the fixed time by this way under the situation of data migration, preferably carry out data migration on the backstage, and when the external access that takes place storage medium, can suspend data migration, and preferentially carry out and the corresponding affairs of external access.

In detail, change unit, effective coverage can generate effective coverage information and it is stored in the storer, this effective coverage information is specified the physical sector that wherein writes latest data be designated as the physical sector that is assigned with the identity logic sector in each unit area of accessing zone before specifying current storage area in the middle of, and in case transplant latest data, just can upgrade effective coverage information, so that the effective coverage information representation has been transplanted the physical sector of new data to it.In addition, when submitting data read request to, selected cell can determine wherein to write the physical sector of latest data with reference to effective coverage information, and this physical sector can be appointed as the access address.

Can on CPU that sends the read and write instruction and the passage between the storage unit, realize aforementioned control function.Like this, except the afore-mentioned that opertaing device is provided, this control function can be embodied as the function of the disk controller in the computing machine or the function of the control circuit in the storage unit.In any of aforementioned arrangements, storage unit can be internal type or external type.

The present invention also provides a kind of computer system, comprising: CPU (central processing unit); And controller, it is connected to external memory unit and controls the access of CPU (central processing unit) to data, this external memory unit comprises storage area, in at least a portion of this storage area, comprise a plurality of unit areas, each unit area comprises a plurality of physical sectors, wherein this controller comprises: accessing zone is provided with the unit, its dynamically one of designating unit zone as the accessing zone of data, wherein logic sector is assigned to corresponding physical sector in this unit area, selected cell, it submits to the data to external memory unit to write under the situation of request in CPU (central processing unit), upgrade first address with second address, wherein first address is designated as data and writes the address that writes in the request, the pairing physical sector of logic sector that is associated with first address in the unit area of accessing zone is represented to be designated as in second address, and the effective coverage changes the unit, it at the fixed time, total data in first physical sector is transplanted to second physical sector in the unit area that is designated as accessing zone from first physical sector, wherein first physical sector is assigned with the logic sector identical with the logic sector of distributing to second physical sector, and is designated as before having specified current accessing zone in one of the unit area of accessing zone.

The present invention also provides a kind of data storage cell, comprising: storage medium, and it comprises storage area, comprises a plurality of unit areas at least a portion of this storage area, each unit area comprises a plurality of physical sectors; And control circuit, its control is to the data read and the write operation of storage medium; Wherein this control circuit comprises: accessing zone is provided with the unit, its dynamically one of designating unit zone as the accessing zone of data, wherein logic sector is assigned to corresponding physical sector in this unit area, selected cell, it upgrades first address with second address, wherein first address is designated as this partial data to storage area that the unit area is provided and writes the address that writes in the request, the pairing physical sector of logic sector that is associated with first address in the unit area of accessing zone is represented to be designated as in second address, and the effective coverage changes the unit, it at the fixed time, total data in first physical sector is transplanted to second physical sector in the unit area that is designated as accessing zone from first physical sector, wherein first physical sector is assigned with the logic sector identical with the logic sector of distributing to second physical sector, and is designated as before having specified current accessing zone in one of the unit area of accessing zone.

In addition, the present invention also provides the opertaing device of a kind of control to the access of storage medium.This opertaing device comprises: the accessing zone setting device, and at least one that is used for dynamically specifying a plurality of storage areas is as accessing zone, and this at least one storage area is scheduled to; Address translation device is used to use by second address of the accessing zone of accessing zone setting device appointment and upgrades first address that writes access; And the storage area modifier, be used at the fixed time will with write the corresponding data of access and be transplanted to accessing zone by the second address appointment from one of the accessing zone of appointment before having specified current accessing zone.

The present invention also provides a kind of method that is used for the control data storage unit, this data storage cell comprises storage area, in at least a portion of this storage area, comprise a plurality of unit areas, each unit area comprises a plurality of physical sectors, this method may further comprise the steps: dynamically one of designating unit zone is as the accessing zone of data, and wherein logic sector is assigned to corresponding physical sector in this unit area; Submitting to data to write under the situation of request to storage area, upgrade first address with second address, wherein first address is designated as data and writes the address that writes in the request, and the pairing physical sector of logic sector that is associated with first address in the unit area of accessing zone is represented to be designated as in second address; And when dynamically specifying the unit area as accessing zone after during from the 3rd physical sector reading of data, to comprise that total data data, that be used for the 4th physical sector that reads from the 3rd physical sector is transplanted to the 4th physical sector, wherein the 3rd physical sector was designated as before having specified current accessing zone in one of the unit area of accessing zone, the 4th physical sector is assigned with the logic sector identical with the logic sector of distributing to the 3rd physical sector, and in being designated as the unit area of accessing zone.

The present invention also provides a kind of method that is used to control to the data access of external memory unit, this external memory unit comprises storage area, in at least a portion of this storage area, comprise a plurality of unit areas, each unit area comprises a plurality of physical sectors, this method may further comprise the steps: dynamically one of designating unit zone is as the accessing zone of data, wherein logic sector is assigned to corresponding physical sector in this unit area, submitted to data to write under the situation of request in CPU (central processing unit) to outside access unit, upgrade first address with second address, wherein first address is designated as data and writes the address that writes in the request, the pairing physical sector of logic sector that is associated with first address in the unit area of accessing zone is represented to be designated as in second address, and at the fixed time, total data in first physical sector is transplanted to second physical sector in the unit area that is designated as accessing zone from first physical sector, wherein first physical sector is assigned with the logic sector identical with the logic sector of distributing to second physical sector, and is designated as before having specified current accessing zone in one of the unit area of accessing zone.

In addition, the present invention may be implemented as the program that a kind of control computer is carried out aforementioned opertaing device, or makes computing machine carry out the program of each step in the aforementioned control method.Can wherein store disk, CD, semiconductor memory or other storage medium of this program by distribution, perhaps provide this program by this program of net distribution.

In addition, the present invention can be regarded as following storage medium.In this storage medium, at least a portion of storage area, provide a plurality of unit areas with identical memory capacity.Scheduled unit zone in the unit area comprises first physical sector of a plurality of storing predetermined data.Other unit area in the unit area is corresponding to first physical sector of forming the scheduled unit zone, and comprises a plurality of second physical sectors, and it is as being stored in data migration in first physical sector to wherein sector.

Advantage

State before use among the present invention of configuration realization, by in the control operation of storage unit, preventing to keep for a long time the fixed position floating state of head effectively, can prolong the life-span of storage unit, and can prevent that the reliability that the performance degradation owing to storage medium causes from reducing.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the figure that illustrates according to the exemplary hardware arrangement of the opertaing device of present embodiment.

Fig. 2 is the figure that illustrates according to the exemplary configurations of the storage area of the disk in the disc unit that is controlled of present embodiment.

Fig. 3 is the figure that the further details of the adjustment target area in the disk shown in Figure 2 is shown.

Fig. 4 illustrates unit area A (0) in the present embodiment to A (6), logic sector S (0) to S (9) and the table that is assigned to the relation between the address of each logic sector.

Fig. 5 is the figure that illustrates according to the functional structure of the opertaing device of present embodiment.

Fig. 6 illustrates in the adjustment target area that changes disk in the present embodiment to it to write the state of the unit area of data and effective coverage and at the figure of the state of time 0.

Fig. 7 is the figure that the state when it writes the state of the unit area of data and effective coverage and has pass by time cycle t is shown in the adjustment target area that changes disk in the present embodiment.

Fig. 8 illustrates unit area and the state of effective coverage and the figure that has write the state of data after state shown in Figure 7 that writes data in the adjustment target area that changes disk in the present embodiment to it.

Fig. 9 illustrates unit area and the state of effective coverage and the figure that has write the state of data after state shown in Figure 8 again that writes data in the adjustment target area that changes disk in the present embodiment to it.

Figure 10 is the figure of the state when the state of the effective coverage in the adjustment target area that changes disk in the present embodiment being shown and having pass by time cycle t again after state shown in Figure 7.

Figure 11 is the figure that illustrates according to the exemplary configuration of the system that comprises opertaing device of present embodiment.

Figure 12 is the figure according to another exemplary configuration of the system that comprises opertaing device of present embodiment.

Figure 13 is the figure that illustrates according to another exemplary configuration of the system that comprises opertaing device of present embodiment.

Reference number:

10: accessing zone is provided with the unit

20: the effective coverage changes the unit

30: selected cell

40: timer unit

100: opertaing device

101、201:MPU

102、202:ROM

103、203:RAM

104、204:NVRAM

105,205: interface circuit

106: the dish interface controller

200: disc unit

210: disk

211: conventional zone

212: adjust the target area

220: magnetic head

300: computing machine

310:CPU

330,400: disk controller

Embodiment

Describe in detail referring now to accompanying drawing and to be used to realize best mode of the present invention (below be known as embodiment).

At first summary will be described.Under control, read and write data when being used to store customizing messages regional dynamically moving to the access of storage unit according to present embodiment.Under the situation of access customizing messages, when the mobile storage zone, the position change of the magnetic head on the storage medium.This prevents the fixed position floating state of the magnetic head on the storage medium.In the present invention, be not by control data write the address with DATA DISTRIBUTION in storage medium, but dynamically change the position that writes the storage area of particular data to it.Therefore, do not exist the performance of the storage unit that causes owing to the distribution of related data in storage medium to slow down.Though mobile storage zone at any time, this is the control that is used to prevent keep for a long time the fixed position floating state of magnetic head.Therefore, mobile storage zone periodically preferably.

Recently, along with the development of technology, the memory capacity of disc unit increases significantly.On the other hand, because the transaction types carried out of ATM is almost fixing as described above by being used for the concrete built-in computing machine of using, almost do not change so carry out the memory capacity of the disc unit that office needs.Therefore, in the disc unit of so built-in computing machine, there is not efficiently to use the residue memory capacity of disc unit.Therefore, in the present embodiment, the aforementioned mobile control of using residue memory capacity to come the executive storage area territory.

The disc unit that will use hard disk to be used as storage medium now is that the exemplary cases of object is described present embodiment.Much less, even in the storage unit as the other types of storage medium of CD for example, present embodiment for example also goes for solving problem that the fixed position floating state by head causes or by the concentrated problem that causes to the access of specific region.

As shown in Figure 1, comprise microprocessing unit (MPU) 101 according to the opertaing device 100 of present embodiment as treating apparatus, and as ROM (read-only memory) (ROM) 102, random-access memory (ram) 103 and the non-volatile ram (NVRAM) 104 of storage arrangement.Opertaing device 100 is between the CPU (central processing unit) (CPU) and disc unit of computing machine, and control CPU is to the access of disc unit (data read and write).Like this, opertaing device 100 comprises: interface circuit 105, and it is connected to the hardware of CPU side by bus; And dish interface controller 106, it is connected to disc unit.

In Fig. 1, in response to the access request from CPU, MPU101 translates into access address in the pattern of cylinder/magnetic head/sector (CHS) with the access address in LBA (Logical Block Addressing) (LBA) pattern, and control is to the data read of disc unit with write.In the present embodiment, carry out the switching controls of the storage area that is assigned to tentation data.The details of the switching controls of storage area will be described below.

The ROM102 storage is used to control the microcode of MPU101.

RAM103 is a storer, and it is provided at MPU101 and carries out the perform region of using when handling.

NVRAM104 is stored in the various settings of using in the interior processing of MPU101.In the present embodiment, NVRAM104 also is stored in the information of using in the aforementioned switching controls of storage area.The details of this information will be described below.

To use now concrete example describe according to present embodiment, to the notion of the access control of disc unit.

Research is being used for the disc unit that the concrete built-in computing machine of using uses.Suppose except regular transaction, use this built-in computer implemented transaction facility also to monitor the state of this equipment, maintenance log, and daily record is written in the disc unit.Even when transaction facility is not handled regular transaction, also periodically write daily record.Like this, when not handling regular transaction for a long time, the magnetic head that uses disc unit continuously is to write daily record.

In addition, suppose that disc unit has the memory capacity of 30 gigabytes (GB), and storage in the regular transaction program and for example to handle data read and write required storage area amount be 10G.In this case, residue storage area amount is 20GB.According to present embodiment, the storage area of 20GB is treated as the adjustment target area of the mobile control that is used for storage area, in case because the problem of fixed position floating state.Carry out aforementioned daily record write operation to adjusting the target area.

Fig. 2 is the figure of exemplary configurations that the storage area of the disk in this disc unit is shown.

In Fig. 2, the outside 10GB of the whole storage area of disk 210 partly is the zone that is used for stored programme for example or issued transaction (below be known as conventional zone 211), and inner 20GB adjusts target area 212.Here, suppose that for example the logic sector of frequent access is that ten sector S (0) are to S (9) (not shown) for log.

Adjust target area 212 and be divided into seven unit area A (0) to A (6), wherein each is to be used to store the unit that will be written to the data (daily record) of adjusting target area 212.Each unit area comprises the group of ten physical sectors.Ten logic sector S (0) are distributed to unit area A (0) each in the A (6) to S (9), for example, regional A (0) (gray area among Fig. 2).In other words, adjust target area 212 and comprise seven (seven concentric arrangement) unit areas, wherein each comprises ten physical sectors, it is assigned with corresponding ten logic sectors. that is to say, for logic sector S (0) each in the S (9) provides seven physical storage areas (corresponding to unit area A (0) to A (6)).

Fig. 3 is the figure that the further details of the adjustment target area 212 in the disk 210 is shown.

In Fig. 3, from with unit area A (0) the corresponding physical sector of logic sector S (0) begin, the respective physical sector adjusted in the target area 212 (yet, only show address 0 to 12,20,30,40,50 and 60 to 69 among the figure) is distributed in address in the LBA pattern 0 to 69.Therefore, arrive aforementioned relation between the S (9) according to unit area A (0) to A (6) and logic sector S (0), unit area A (0) comprises the physical sector of address 0 to 9, unit area A (1) comprises the physical sector of address 10 to 19, unit area A (2) comprises the physical sector of address 20 to 29, unit area A (3) comprises the physical sector of address 30 to 39, unit area A (4) comprises the physical sector of address 40 to 49, unit area A (5) comprises the physical sector of address 50 to 59, and unit area A (6) comprises the physical sector of address 60 to 69.

Fig. 4 is illustrated in the LBA pattern address of the physical sector that is assigned to each logic sector, and unit area A (0) arrives the table of the corresponding relation between the S (9) to A (6) and logic sector S (0).

In the present embodiment, by arrive mobile data between the corresponding physical sector among the A (6), mutual at the unit area A (0) that is provided as concentric arrangement as mentioned above, realize the mobile control of storage area.Like this, for example, in Fig. 4,, between the physical sector of

address

3,13,23,33,43,53 and 63, transplant the data that are written to the logic sector S (3) in the specific unit region with predesigned order.

In the example shown in Fig. 2 and 3, a unit area is assigned to a magnetic track, and for simplicity, illustrate in the same position of each magnetic track and to S (9) (for example to distribute to each unit area A (0) to each logic sector S (0) of A (6), in Fig. 3, in the A (6), be 0,10,20,30,40,50 and 60 corresponding to the address of the physical sector of logic sector S (0), and the same position on each magnetic track illustrates each address at unit area A (0)).Yet much less, being provided with etc. of the arrangement of unit area, physical sector is not limited to the arrangement shown in the figure.In fact and since physical sector be configured such that recording density constant and with range-independence from the center of disk 210, therefore do not consider the magnetic track of disk 210 with sequential order arrangement units zone yet.In addition, the number of unit area and the number of distributing to the physical sector of a unit area are not limited to those shown in the figure, and can be for example to depend on the memory capacity of adjusting target area 212, maybe will be stored in the mode of adjusting the data volume in the target area 212 and freely definite.When a plurality of physical sectors were distributed to the unit area, preferably, physical sector was continuous, slowed down to prevent performance.

In the above description, supposing provides seven unit areas that are equal in the adjustment target area 212 of disk 210, so that the data of storing predetermined type.For example, except this configuration, the configuration of the adjustment target area 212 in the disk 210 can be set, wherein be provided for the master unit zone of data of storing predetermined type and the transplanting unit zone that is used to transplant the data that are stored in the master unit zone.In this case, the transplanting unit zone has the memory capacity identical with the master unit zone and the physical sector of similar number.Each physical sector in the transplanting unit zone is corresponding to the physical sector of forming the master unit zone, and arrives wherein zone as the data migration in the corresponding physical sector that will be stored in master unit the zone in.In this description, the addressing of disk is CHS (cylinder number/head number/sector number) addressing.Yet, can use another addressing method of for example LBA addressing to realize similar configuration.

In the present embodiment, following two kinds of information are set, the storage area with the disc unit that disposes is above carried out mobile control according to present embodiment.A kind of information is effective coverage information VA (i), and it represents which unit area stores the data in each logic sector.Another kind of information is accessing zone information Wa, and which unit area its appointment will write data into.That is to say, during adjustment target area 212 in writing data into disk 210, these data are written to by the corresponding physical sector in the unit area of accessing zone information Wa appointment.When reading of data, from by the corresponding physical sector reading of data in the unit area of effective coverage information VA (i) expression.For example, with effective coverage information VA (i) and accessing zone information Wa storage and be retained among the NVRAM104 in the opertaing device shown in Figure 1 100.

Fig. 5 is the figure that illustrates according to the functional structure of the opertaing device 100 of present embodiment shown in Figure 1.

As shown in Figure 5, opertaing device 100 comprises that accessing zone is provided with unit 10, the effective coverage changes unit 20, selected cell 30 and timer unit 40.In configuration shown in Figure 1, these functions are by being realized by the MPU101 that is stored in the microcode control among the ROM102.

Accessing zone is provided with unit 10 accessing zone information Wa is set, and it specifies in the unit area of wanting access data in the city, aforementioned adjustment target area 212 of disk 210 (below be known as accessing zone).

The effective coverage changes unit 20 and changes unit area in the aforementioned adjustment target area of disk 210 212 store data inside (below be known as the effective coverage).That is to say, newly write when request, specify the address that in fact writes data to it when having submitted to.For example, can be periodically or change the effective coverage when continuing write operation on the target area 212 when only adjusting in the section at the fixed time.In addition, in case change the effective coverage, the effective coverage changes unit 20 and just upgrades aforementioned effective coverage information VA (i), so that the unit area (transplanting the zone of data to it) of the new effective coverage of effective coverage information VA (i) expression becoming.

In addition, the appropriate time after changing the effective coverage, the effective coverage changes unit 20 and transplants the data that are written to adjustment target area 212.In one embodiment, when reading the data that are written to adjustment target area 212, reading of data is written to the unit area that becomes new effective coverage.In addition, for example, can be just in time do not take place in the section after changing the effective coverage, when new data is written to new effective coverage or at the fixed time to transplant data during free time of access.Yet, in this case, because because the performance of concentrating the external access that may slow down to the access of disk 210 that data migration causes, so need take adequate measures.In case when adopting reading of data just to transplant the preceding method of data, at first do not take place because the concentrating that data migration causes to the access of disk 210.

Selected cell 30 upgrades the access address to the read/write instruction of the adjustment target area 212 in the disk 210 based on accessing zone information Wa and effective coverage information VA (i).That is to say that when having submitted to when being used to write data into the request of adjusting target area 212, selected cell 30 uses the address of the corresponding physical sector in the accessing zone to upgrade the address that writes that this writes request with reference to aforementioned accessing zone information Wa.In addition, when having submitted the request that is used to read the data that are written to adjustment target area 212 to, selected cell 30 specifies the corresponding physical sector in the effective coverages to read the access address of request as this with reference to aforementioned effective coverage information VA (i).

Timer unit 40 is used for determining that accessing zone is provided with the timing that unit 10 upgrades accessing zone information Wa.

The opertaing device 100 by having aforementioned arrangements and the access control operation of disc unit will be described now.

Fig. 6 to 10 is such figure, and it illustrates in the adjustment target area 212 of disk 210 in the present embodiment and writes the unit area of data and moving of effective coverage to it.

In this exemplary operation, suppose the example of using the disc unit shown in Fig. 2 to 4, with the interval of time cycle t (s), write data into seven unit area A (0) to A (6), simultaneously sequentially mobile accessing zone.Suppose that time cycle t is short as to be enough to prevent because the problem of fixed position floating state.

Though can mobile in any way accessing zone, preferably, the operating range of magnetic head is more much bigger than the width of head slider when changing accessing zone, in case because the problem of fixed position floating state.In example shown in Figure 2, unit area A (0) is tactic to A (6).Like this, with A (0), A (4), A (1), A (5), A (2), A (6), A (3), A (0) ... (form a circulation to A (3) by A (0), and order repetition) moves under the situation of accessing zone, when changing accessing zone, magnetic head must travel and three or more the corresponding distances in unit area at every turn.Like this, in this exemplary operation, suppose with this order modification effective coverage.

In example shown in Figure 2, a unit area is corresponding to a magnetic track.Like this, when mobile effective coverage, magnetic head travels and three or more the corresponding distances of magnetic track with aforementioned mobile order.Yet as mentioned above, the size of a unit area is in fact irrelevant with the magnetic track of disk 210.Therefore, the displacement of magnetic head changes along with system.

By the time order this exemplary operation is described referring now to Fig. 6 to 10.In Fig. 6 to 10, represent in fact physical sector in it writes the effective coverage of data with diagonal line hatches, so that these physical sectors are distinguished mutually with other physical sectors.

Accessing zone in the opertaing device 100 is provided with unit 10 and initially unit area A (0) is made as and writes zone (in the time 0).In Fig. 6 of the state that the time 0 is shown, data access area information Wa is set as zero (regional number of unit area A (0)).Like this, till having gone over time cycle t from this time point, selected cell 30 specifies in the address 0 to 9 of the corresponding physical sector in the unit area A (0) that is provided with among the accessing zone information Wa, as be used to write data into the corresponding address that writes of request of adjusting target area 212.

In original state, to S (9), the effective coverage is unit area A (0) for all logic sector S (0). like this, effective coverage information VA (i) is linked to the address 0 to 9 that the logic sector S (0) that distributes to unit area A (0) arrives S (9).

As shown in Figure 7, when the past during time cycle t, accessing zone is provided with unit 10 accessing zone information Wa is changed over four (regional numbers of unit area A (4)).Like this, till having pass by time cycle t again from this time point, selected cell 30 specifies in the address 40 to 49 of the corresponding physical sector in the unit area A (4) that is provided with among the accessing zone information Wa, as be used to write data into the corresponding address that writes of request of adjusting target area 212.

Yet, at time point shown in Figure 7, do not write new data as yet, and all data that are written into remain in the interior physical sector of unit area A (0).Like this, effective coverage information VA (i) is linked to the address 0 to 9 of the logic sector S (0) of unit area A (0) to S (9).

Then, after state is changed to state shown in Figure 7, write data into logic sector S (1) and S (7).Fig. 8 shows the state at this time point.As mentioned above, selected cell 30 specifies in logic sector S (1) in the unit area A (4) that is provided with among the accessing zone information Wa and the

address

41 and 47 of S (7), as the address that writes data to it.Like this, write data into physical sector with address 41 and 47.When having write new data, the effective coverage changes unit 20 and changes corresponding effective coverage.

That is to say, after the

address

41 and 47 of the physical sector in new data being written to unit area A (4), the effective coverage changes unit 20 and upgrades the effective coverage information VA (i) that is used for logic sector S (1) and S (7), shown in the row VA (i) of Fig. 8, and effective coverage information VA (i) is linked to logic sector S (1) in the unit area A (4) and the

address

41 and 47 of S (7).

Fig. 9 shows and writes data into logic sector S (2) again to S (4), S (6) and S (9) state afterwards in state shown in Figure 8.

As in, with the address 42 to 44,46 and 49 of the corresponding physical sector of new data records in unit area A (4) with reference to figure 8 described operations.Shown in the row VA (i) of Fig. 9, also upgrade effective coverage information VA (i), and it is linked to the address 42 to 44,46 and 49 of the interior logic sector S (2) of unit area A (4) to S (4), S (6) and S (9).

At this time point that accessing zone information Wa is changed over after four, there are not data to be written to logic sector S (0), S (5) and S (8).Like this, shown in the row VA (i) of Fig. 9, the effective coverage of these logic sectors remains unit area A (0), and effective coverage information VA (i) keeps being linked to unit area A (0) interior logic sector S (0), S (5) and the

address

0,5 and 8 of S (8).

To study such situation now,, write data into logic sector S (1) to S (6), S (8) and S (9) wherein after time point shown in Figure 7 has been pass by time cycle t again.Figure 10 shows the state at this time point. and accessing zone information Wa is provided with unit 10 by accessing zone and changes over one (regional number of unit area A (1)).Like this, selected cell 30 specifies in the address 10 to 19 of the corresponding physical sector in the unit area A (1) that is provided with among the accessing zone information Wa, as be used to write data into the corresponding address that writes of request of adjusting target area 212.

Owing to write data into logic sector S (1) to S (6), S (8) and S (9), therefore be recorded in the address 11 to 16,18 and 19 of the corresponding physical sector in the unit area A (1) corresponding to the new data that writes request.Then, shown in the row VA (i) of Figure 10, the effective coverage changes unit 20 and upgrades effective coverage information VA (i), so that effective coverage information VA (i) is linked to the address 11 to 16,18 and 19 of the interior logic sector S (1) of unit area A (1) to S (6), S (8) and S (9).

For logic sector S (5) and S (8), do not write new data at time point shown in Figure 9.Like this, when accessing zone information Wa is being changed over after one, when writing data into logic sector S (5) and S (8), upgrade effective coverage information VA (i), so that the

address

5 and 8 of logic sector S (5) in the unit area A (0) and S (8) is changed over the address 15 and 18 (that is to say) of interior logic sector S (5) of unit area A (1) and S (8) by unit area A (4).

Accessing zone information Wa is being changed over after one, at this time point access logic sector S (7) not as yet.Like this, the effective coverage of this logic sector remains unit area A (4), and effective coverage information VA (i) also keeps being linked to the address 47 of the logic sector S (7) in the unit area A (4).In addition, accessing zone information Wa is changed over after four, new data is not written to logic sector S (0) at time point shown in Figure 7.Like this, corresponding effective coverage remains unit area A (0), and effective coverage information VA (i) also keeps being linked to the address 0. of the logic sector S (0) in the unit area A (0)

Even when the adjustment target area 212 that data is written to continuously in the disk 210, also can prevent that magnetic head from resting on the ad-hoc location on the disk 210 by repeating aforementioned operation.

When having submitted the request that is used for reading the data that are written in adjustment target area 212 to, selected cell 30 obtains the address of the physical sector of current record data with reference to effective coverage information VA (i), and with this address be appointed as with this read the request corresponding access address.For example, read when request when having submitted at time point shown in Figure 8, selected cell 30 arrives the address 0,2 to 6,8 and 9 of the corresponding physical sector in S (6), S (8) and S (9) the designating unit zone A (0) at logic sector S (0), S (2), and at the address 41 and 47 of the corresponding physical sector in logic sector S (1) and S (7) the designating unit zone A (4), as the access address.In addition, read when request when having submitted at time point shown in Figure 10, selected cell 30 is at the address 0 of the corresponding physical sector in logic sector S (0) the designating unit zone A (0), arrive the address 11 to 16,18 and 19 of the corresponding physical sector in S (6), S (8) and S (9) the designating unit zone A (1) at logic sector S (1), and at the address 47 of the corresponding physical sector in logic sector S (7) the designating unit zone A (4), as the access address.After the assigned address reading of data, the effective coverage change unit 20 with reads data log to by the new address (data migration) of writing accessing zone information Wa appointment, and renewal effective coverage information VA (i).This series of processes can be regarded as such processing, wherein will be by the data migration in the address of effective coverage information VA (i) appointment to by the address of writing accessing zone information Wa appointment.

As mentioned above, when being used for, separately reading of data is transplanted to the method for new effective coverage, not by the physical sector of access (reading), is not carried out data migration for wherein data when reading of data.Yet, the access of physical sector is not represented that magnetic head does not move to this physical sector.Like this, do not take place because the problem of fixed position floating state.

Except when having read the data that are written in the adjustment target area 212, transplanting the aforementioned timing of data, can adopt various other to transplant the timing of data.For example, when effective area change unit 20 has changed the effective coverage, before the access corresponding address, can be unconditionally with being recorded in thitherto to the data in each physical sector in the unit area of effective coverage, be transplanted in the corresponding physical sector in another unit area of newly being appointed as the effective coverage.Transplant data during free time of access alternatively, can be at the fixed time do not take place in the section, on the backstage.In this case, when transplanting data in the middle of when access takes place, suspend data migration, and preferentially carry out affairs, in case the slowing down of external access performance corresponding to access request.Alternatively, after the effective coverage changes 20 change effective coverages, unit, after having submitted the request that is used to write data into the specific physical sector in the accessing zone to, can individually data migration be arrived this physical sector.In this case, at first, from during writing request, being designated as physical sector (the address) reading of data that will write data to it with appointment in effective coverage information VA (i), and current this data of storing.Then, with the corresponding physical sector in these data and the unit area that is written to appointment in accessing zone information Wa corresponding to the new data that writes request together.

The exemplary configuration that now description is comprised the computer system of aforementioned opertaing device 100.

Figure 11 is the figure that the exemplary configuration of the system that comprises opertaing device 100 is shown.

In the example shown in this figure, this system comprises computing machine 300 and disc unit 200.Computing machine 300 comprises: CPU310, and it is a control device; RAM320, it is a host memory device; Disk controller 330 is used to be connected to the disc unit 200 as external memory; Display adapter 340 is used to be connected to the display unit as display device; And I/O interface 350, other peripherals are connected with it.The opertaing device 100 that is independent of computing machine 300 is between disc unit 200 and disk controller 330.Interface between interface between disk controller 330 and the opertaing device 100 and opertaing device 100 and the disc unit 200 can be any kind, for example, IDE, SCSI, USB, serial ATA or optical fiber, and the type is unrestricted.

In configuration shown in Figure 11, disk controller 330 is carried out and is used for writing the routine control of data from the controller reading of data of disc unit 200 with to it, for example, address translation in from the access request of CPU310 between LBA and the CHS, and opertaing device 100 is carried out control, for example, it is used for specifying accessing zone and changing the effective coverage when from adjustment target area 212 reading of data of disk 210 with when it writes data.

By this way, the opertaing device 100 that is independent of computing machine 300 is used for from adjusting target area 212 reading of data and writing the control of data to it so that opertaing device 100 is only carried out between disc unit 200 and disk controller 330.Like this, greatly help the installation in existing system.In Figure 11, disc unit 200 can be internal type or external type.In addition, opertaing device 100 can be to be built in the computing machine 300, perhaps externally is attached to computing machine 300.

Figure 12 is the figure of another exemplary configuration that comprises the system of opertaing device 100.

In the example shown in this figure, this system comprises computing machine 300 and disc unit 200.Computing machine 300 comprises: CPU310, and it is a control device; RAM320, it is a host memory device; Disk controller 400 is used to be connected to the disc unit 200 as external memory; Display adapter 340 is used to be connected to the display unit as display device; And I/O interface 350, other peripherals are connected with it. and disk controller 400 has the function according to the aforementioned opertaing device 100 of present embodiment.

When the configuration adopted as shown in figure 12, except being used for writing the routine control of data from disc unit 200 reading of data with to it, the aforementioned control that disk controller 400 is carried out according to present embodiment, it is used for from adjusting target area 212 reading of data and writing data to it.The hardware configuration of disk controller 400 can be similar to the configuration of opertaing device shown in Figure 1 100.Each control function is by realizing by the MPU101 that is stored in the microcode control among the ROM102.In configuration shown in Figure 12, interface circuit 105 is bus bridge circuits.In configuration shown in Figure 12, disc unit 200 can be internal type or external type (supposition disc unit 200 is an internal type among the figure).

Figure 13 is the figure that another exemplary configuration of the system that comprises opertaing device 100 is shown.

In the example shown in this figure, be given control circuit in the disc unit 200 according to the function of the aforementioned opertaing device 100 of present embodiment. in Figure 13, comprise as the disc unit 200 of control circuit: MPU201, as treating apparatus; ROM202, RAM203 and non-volatile ram (NVRAM) 204 is as storage arrangement; And interface circuit 205, be used for being connected to the disk controller 330 of computing machine 300.Disc unit 200 also comprises: disk 210 (not shown among Figure 13), and it is a memory storage; Magnetic head 220 is used for writing data from disk 210 reading of data with to it; Spindle motor 206 and coil motor controller 207 are used for spinning disk 210; And voice coil motor (VCM) 208 and VCM driver 209, operate the position (seek) of seeking that is used for control head 220.Disc unit 200 also comprises AD converter 221, amplifier 222 and driver 223, so that write data by the electromagnetism that is caused by magnetic head 220 from disk 210 reading of data with to it.

In Figure 13, MPU201 controls the operation of disk 210 and magnetic head 220 according to from the instruction disk controller in the computing machine 300 330, that be used to read and write data.In addition, MPU201 carries out the aforementioned control according to present embodiment, so that adjustment target area 212 reading of data from disk 210 and write data to it.These functions are by realizing by the MPU201 that is stored in the microcode control among the ROM202.Like this, when the configuration adopted as shown in figure 13, need not as in configuration shown in Figure 12, adding new hardware, and the microcode that can only be stored among the ROM202 by change realizes this configuration.Interface circuit 205 shown in Figure 13 can be any kind, for example, IDE, SCSI, USB, serial ATA or optical fiber, and the type is unrestricted.

In addition, can with according to present embodiment, be used for controlling the function that the function of the access of the adjustment target area 212 of disk 210 is embodied as the device driver of using by the operating system that is used for disc unit 200 (OS), but not the aforementioned functional of various types of controllers.In this case, CPU310 from computing machine 300 output, (for example be to the access address in the access instruction of disc unit 200 by the address selected according to the access control of present embodiment, address in unit area or the effective coverage, this address is provided with unit 10 by accessing zone and is provided with).In the time will being embodied as software according to the function of present embodiment by this way, can only installing and use these functions, and need not to prepare specialized hardware by the discharge device driver.

As mentioned above, control function according to present embodiment can be embodied as CPU310 in the computing machine 300 and hardware or the software service on any information channel between the disc unit 200, and can adopt aforementioned arrangements or other various types of configurations as concrete configuration.

In the present embodiment, even when data write operation that storage unit keeps being scheduled to for a long time, also can be by suitably moving the fixed position floating state that prevents to keep for a long time magnetic head to its zone that writes data.Like this, can prevent because the problem of fixed position floating state.

In addition, in the present embodiment, in the adjustment target area that on dish, is provided with a plurality of unit areas are set, and are that the zone that writes data to it is specified in the unit with the unit area.Like this, the data that be written to a unit area are not dispersed on the dish, thereby prevent to read and write the slowing down of performance of data.Never the data fragments that reads or write disperses.Yet, when these data fragments of access in future, transplant these data fragments.Like this, can ignore these data fragments to Effect on Performance.

In addition, in the present embodiment, among a plurality of unit areas, dynamically change the effective coverage that writes data to it according to pre-defined rule.Like this, owing to the fixed position floating state of concentrating the magnetic head that causes to the access of specific unit region can not keep for a long time.

Though in the present embodiment, by the use disk has been described the method that is used to control to the access of adjusting the target area as the exemplary control of the disc unit of storage medium, function and exemplary configuration, but can be with this method, function and exemplary configuration directly apply to various types of storage unit, for example, comprise can to its repeatedly overwriting data CD (for example, DVD-RAM) as the storage unit of storage medium, wherein this storage unit has the degeneration of the storage medium that causes such as the fixed position floating state owing to magnetic head and short-life problem of storage medium.

In addition, in the present embodiment, the storage area of storage medium is divided into conventional zone and adjusts the target area, in adjusting the target area, provide a plurality of unit areas, and when dynamically changing the data access zone, write data.Alternatively, for example, for some system type or application, the whole storage area of storage medium can be with adjusting the target area.

In addition, in the present embodiment, carry out access control, in this disk, provide and adjust the target area at a disc unit.Alternatively, can be at the access control of a plurality of disc units execution according to present embodiment.In this case, at the disk in a plurality of disc units, suitably provide and adjust the target area.The size of adjusting the target area can change along with disc unit.The storage area of the disk in a plurality of disc units can be treated to the logic sequence in territory, connected storage, and the adjustment target area can be provided, make that adjusting the target area crosses over a plurality of disc units.

Claims

1. a control is to the opertaing device of the data access of storage medium, and this storage medium comprises storage area, comprises a plurality of unit areas at least a portion of this storage area, and each unit area comprises a plurality of physical sectors, and this opertaing device comprises:

Accessing zone is provided with the unit, and dynamically one of designating unit zone is as the accessing zone of data for it, and wherein logic sector is assigned to corresponding physical sector in this unit area;

Selected cell, it upgrades first address with second address, wherein first address is designated as data and writes the address that writes in the request, and the pairing physical sector of logic sector that is associated with first address in the unit area of accessing zone is represented to be designated as in second address; And

The effective coverage changes the unit, it at the fixed time, total data in first physical sector is transplanted to second physical sector in the unit area that is designated as accessing zone from first physical sector, wherein first physical sector is assigned with the logic sector identical with the logic sector of distributing to second physical sector, and is designated as before having specified current accessing zone in one of the unit area of accessing zone.

2. opertaing device according to claim 1, wherein, accessing zone be provided with the unit dynamically specified one of unit area as accessing zone after, when the 3rd physical sector reading of data in one of unit area that is designated as accessing zone before specified current accessing zone, change unit, effective coverage will comprise this reading of data, the total data that is used for the 4th physical sector is transplanted to the 4th physical sector, wherein the 4th sector is assigned with the logic sector identical with the logic sector of distributing to the 3rd physical sector, and in being designated as the unit area of accessing zone.

3. opertaing device according to claim 1, wherein, accessing zone be provided with the unit dynamically specified one of unit area as accessing zone after, when having submitted to when being used to write the request of first data, before writing first data, the effective coverage changes the unit total data in the 3rd physical sector is transplanted to the 4th physical sector that first data need be written into from the 3rd physical sector, wherein the 4th physical sector is in being designated as the unit area of accessing zone, the 3rd physical sector is assigned with the logic sector identical with the logic sector of distributing to the 4th physical sector, and is designated as before having specified current accessing zone in one of the unit area of accessing zone.

4. opertaing device according to claim 1, wherein, accessing zone be provided with the unit dynamically specified one of unit area as accessing zone after, at the fixed time in the section, the effective coverage changes the unit total data in the 3rd physical sector is transplanted to corresponding the 4th physical sector from the 3rd physical sector, wherein the 4th physical sector is in being designated as the unit area of accessing zone, the 3rd physical sector is assigned with the logic sector identical with the logic sector of distributing to the 4th physical sector, and is designated as before having specified current accessing zone in one of the unit area of accessing zone.

5. opertaing device according to claim 1, wherein, accessing zone be provided with the unit dynamically specified one of unit area as accessing zone after, in section at the fixed time when not having accessible storage medium, the effective coverage changes the unit total data in the 3rd physical sector is transplanted to corresponding the 4th physical sector from the 3rd physical sector, wherein the 4th physical sector is in being designated as the unit area of accessing zone, the 3rd physical sector is assigned with the logic sector identical with the logic sector of distributing to the 4th physical sector, and is designated as before having specified current accessing zone in one of the unit area of accessing zone.

6. opertaing device according to claim 1, wherein the effective coverage changes unit generation effective coverage information and it is stored in the storer, this effective coverage information is specified the physical sector that wherein writes latest data be designated as the physical sector that is assigned with the identity logic sector in each unit area of accessing zone before having specified current accessing zone in the middle of, and in case transplant latest data, just upgrade effective coverage information, so that the effective coverage information representation has been transplanted the physical sector of latest data to it.

7. opertaing device according to claim 6, wherein, when submitting data read request to, selected cell determines wherein to write the physical sector of latest data with reference to effective coverage information, and this physical sector is appointed as the access address.

8. computer system comprises:

CPU (central processing unit); And

Controller, it is connected to external memory unit and controls the access of CPU (central processing unit) to data, and this external memory unit comprises storage area, comprises a plurality of unit areas at least a portion of this storage area, and each unit area comprises a plurality of physical sectors,

Wherein this controller comprises:

Accessing zone is provided with the unit, and dynamically one of designating unit zone is as the accessing zone of data for it, and wherein logic sector is assigned to corresponding physical sector in this unit area,

Selected cell, it submits to the data to external memory unit to write under the situation of request in CPU (central processing unit), upgrade first address with second address, wherein first address is designated as data and writes the address that writes in the request, the pairing physical sector of logic sector that is associated with first address in the unit area of accessing zone is represented to be designated as in second address, and

9. computer system according to claim 8, wherein, accessing zone be provided with the unit dynamically specified one of unit area as accessing zone after, when the 3rd physical sector reading of data in one of unit area that is designated as accessing zone before specified current accessing zone, change unit, effective coverage will comprise this reading of data, the total data that is used for the 4th physical sector is transplanted to the 4th physical sector, wherein the 4th sector is assigned with the logic sector identical with the logic sector of distributing to the 3rd physical sector, and in being designated as the unit area of accessing zone.

10. computer system according to claim 8, wherein, accessing zone be provided with the unit dynamically specified one of unit area as accessing zone after, when having submitted to when being used to write the request of first data, before writing first data, the effective coverage changes the unit total data in the 3rd physical sector is transplanted to the 4th physical sector that first data need be written into from the 3rd physical sector, wherein the 4th physical sector is in being designated as the unit area of accessing zone, the 3rd physical sector is assigned with the logic sector identical with the logic sector of distributing to the 4th physical sector, and is designated as before having specified current accessing zone in one of the unit area of accessing zone.

11. computer system according to claim 8, wherein, accessing zone be provided with the unit dynamically specified one of unit area as accessing zone after, at the fixed time in the section, the effective coverage changes the unit total data in the 3rd physical sector is transplanted to corresponding the 4th physical sector from the 3rd physical sector, wherein the 4th physical sector is in being designated as the unit area of accessing zone, the 3rd physical sector is assigned with the logic sector identical with the logic sector of distributing to the 4th physical sector, and is designated as before having specified current accessing zone in one of the unit area of accessing zone.

12. computer system according to claim 8, wherein the effective coverage changes unit generation effective coverage information and it is stored in the storer, this effective coverage information is specified the physical sector that wherein writes latest data be designated as the physical sector that is assigned with the identity logic sector in each unit area of accessing zone before having specified current accessing zone in the middle of, and in case transplant latest data, just upgrade effective coverage information, so that the effective coverage information representation has been transplanted the physical sector of latest data to it.

13. a data storage cell comprises:

Storage medium, it comprises storage area, comprises a plurality of unit areas at least a portion of this storage area, each unit area comprises a plurality of physical sectors; And

Control circuit, its control is to the data read and the write operation of storage medium;

Wherein this control circuit comprises:

Selected cell, it upgrades first address with second address, wherein first address is designated as this partial data to storage area that the unit area is provided and writes the address that writes in the request, the pairing physical sector of logic sector that is associated with first address in the unit area of accessing zone is represented to be designated as in second address, and

14. data storage cell according to claim 13, wherein, accessing zone be provided with the unit dynamically specified one of unit area as accessing zone after, when the 3rd physical sector reading of data in one of unit area that is designated as accessing zone before specified current accessing zone, change unit, effective coverage will comprise this reading of data, the total data that is used for the 4th physical sector is transplanted to the 4th physical sector, wherein the 4th sector is assigned with the logic sector identical with the logic sector of distributing to the 3rd physical sector, and in being designated as the unit area of accessing zone.

15. data storage cell according to claim 13, wherein, accessing zone be provided with the unit dynamically specified one of unit area as accessing zone after, when having submitted to when being used to write the request of first data, before writing first data, the effective coverage changes the unit total data in the 3rd physical sector is transplanted to the 4th physical sector that first data need be written into from the 3rd physical sector, wherein the 4th physical sector is in being designated as the unit area of accessing zone, the 3rd physical sector is assigned with the logic sector identical with the logic sector of distributing to the 4th physical sector, and is designated as before having specified current accessing zone in one of the unit area of accessing zone.

16. data storage cell according to claim 13, wherein, accessing zone be provided with the unit dynamically specified one of unit area as accessing zone after, at the fixed time in the section, the effective coverage changes the unit total data in the 3rd physical sector is transplanted to corresponding the 4th physical sector from the 3rd physical sector, wherein the 4th physical sector is in being designated as the unit area of accessing zone, the 3rd physical sector is assigned with the logic sector identical with the logic sector of distributing to the 4th physical sector, and is designated as before having specified current accessing zone in one of the unit area of accessing zone.

17. data storage cell according to claim 13, wherein the effective coverage changes unit generation effective coverage information and it is stored in the storer, this effective coverage information is specified the physical sector that wherein writes latest data be designated as the physical sector that is assigned with the identity logic sector in each unit area of accessing zone before having specified current accessing zone in the middle of, and in case transplant latest data, just upgrade effective coverage information, so that the effective coverage information representation has been transplanted the physical sector of latest data to it.

18. a method that is used for the control data storage unit, this data storage cell comprises storage area, comprises a plurality of unit areas at least a portion of this storage area, and each unit area comprises a plurality of physical sectors, and this method may further comprise the steps:

Dynamically one of designating unit zone is as the accessing zone of data, and wherein logic sector is assigned to corresponding physical sector in this unit area;

Submitting to data to write under the situation of request to storage area, upgrade first address with second address, wherein first address is designated as data and writes the address that writes in the request, and the pairing physical sector of logic sector that is associated with first address in the unit area of accessing zone is represented to be designated as in second address; And

When dynamically specifying the unit area as accessing zone after during from the 3rd physical sector reading of data, to comprise that total data data, that be used for the 4th physical sector that reads from the 3rd physical sector is transplanted to the 4th physical sector, wherein the 3rd physical sector was designated as before having specified current accessing zone in one of the unit area of accessing zone, the 4th physical sector is assigned with the logic sector identical with the logic sector of distributing to the 3rd physical sector, and in being designated as the unit area of accessing zone.

19. method according to claim 18 is further comprising the steps of:

Change accessing zone at the fixed time; And

After having changed accessing zone during from the 3rd physical sector reading of data, to comprise that total data data, that be used for the 4th physical sector that reads from the 3rd physical sector is transplanted to the 4th physical sector, wherein the 3rd sector was designated as before having changed this accessing zone in one of the unit area of accessing zone, the 4th sector is assigned with the logic sector identical with the logic sector of distributing to the 3rd physical sector, and in the unit area of the accessing zone after being designated as change.

20. method according to claim 18 is further comprising the steps of: the physical sector that wherein writes latest data by following operation identification:

Generate effective coverage information, it specifies the physical sector that wherein writes latest data be designated as the physical sector that is assigned with the identity logic sector in each unit area of accessing zone before having specified current accessing zone in the middle of, and

In case the transplanting latest data just upgrades effective coverage information, so that the effective coverage information representation has been transplanted the physical sector of latest data to it.

21. method that is used to control to the data access of external memory unit, this external memory unit comprises storage area, comprise a plurality of unit areas at least a portion of this storage area, each unit area comprises a plurality of physical sectors, and this method may further comprise the steps:

Dynamically one of designating unit zone is as the accessing zone of data, and wherein logic sector is assigned to corresponding physical sector in this unit area,

Submitted to data to write under the situation of request in CPU (central processing unit) to outside access unit, upgrade first address with second address, wherein first address is designated as data and writes the address that writes in the request, the pairing physical sector of logic sector that is associated with first address in the unit area of accessing zone is represented to be designated as in second address, and

At the fixed time, total data in first physical sector is transplanted to second physical sector in the unit area that is designated as accessing zone from first physical sector, wherein first physical sector is assigned with the logic sector identical with the logic sector of distributing to second physical sector, and is designated as before having specified current accessing zone in one of the unit area of accessing zone.

22. method according to claim 21, wherein, dynamically specified one of unit area as accessing zone after, when the 3rd physical sector reading of data in one of unit area that is designated as accessing zone before specified current accessing zone, to comprise that total data this reading of data, that be used for the 4th physical sector is transplanted to the 4th physical sector, wherein the 4th sector is assigned with the logic sector identical with the logic sector of distributing to the 3rd physical sector, and in being designated as the unit area of accessing zone.

23. method according to claim 21, wherein, dynamically specified one of unit area as accessing zone after, when having submitted to when being used to write the request of first data, before writing first data, total data in the 3rd physical sector is transplanted to the 4th physical sector that first data need be written into from the 3rd physical sector, wherein the 4th physical sector is in being designated as the unit area of accessing zone, the 3rd physical sector is assigned with the logic sector identical with the logic sector of distributing to the 4th physical sector, and is designated as before having specified current accessing zone in one of the unit area of accessing zone.

24. method according to claim 21, wherein, dynamically specified one of unit area as accessing zone after, at the fixed time in the section, total data in the 3rd physical sector is transplanted to corresponding the 4th physical sector from the 3rd physical sector, wherein the 4th physical sector is in being designated as the unit area of accessing zone, the 3rd physical sector is assigned with the logic sector identical with the logic sector of distributing to the 4th physical sector, and is designated as before having specified current accessing zone in one of the unit area of accessing zone.

25. method according to claim 21, further comprising the steps of: generate effective coverage information and it is stored in the storer, this effective coverage information is specified the physical sector that wherein writes latest data be designated as the physical sector that is assigned with the identity logic sector in each unit area of accessing zone before having specified current accessing zone in the middle of; In a single day and transplant latest data, just upgrade effective coverage information, so that the effective coverage information representation has been transplanted the physical sector of latest data to it.

26. a control is to the opertaing device of the access of storage medium, this opertaing device comprises:

The accessing zone setting device, at least one that is used for dynamically specifying a plurality of storage areas is as accessing zone, and this at least one storage area is scheduled to;

Address translation device is used to use by second address of the accessing zone of accessing zone setting device appointment and upgrades first address that writes access; And

The storage area modifier, be used at the fixed time will with write the corresponding data of access and be transplanted to accessing zone by the second address appointment from one of the accessing zone of appointment before having specified current accessing zone.