CN100462161C - Composite sand mould material for producing stainless steel casting and method for casting stainless steel casting - Google Patents
Composite sand mould material for producing stainless steel casting and method for casting stainless steel casting Download PDFInfo
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- CN100462161C CN100462161C CNB2007100186937A CN200710018693A CN100462161C CN 100462161 C CN100462161 C CN 100462161C CN B2007100186937 A CNB2007100186937 A CN B2007100186937A CN 200710018693 A CN200710018693 A CN 200710018693A CN 100462161 C CN100462161 C CN 100462161C
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- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims description 13
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007767 bonding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 244000035744 Hura crepitans Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 208000034189 Sclerosis Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003158 alcohol group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004922 lacquer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002966 varnish Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052845 zircon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium(iv) silicate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910001208 Crucible steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000519 Ferrosilicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 208000037656 Respiratory Sounds Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 206010039509 Scab Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229940067573 brown iron oxide Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003110 molding sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)O ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a compound sand type material and a method for manufacturing a stainless steel cast piece. The invention combines the CAE casting technology with the insulation shrink head technology, soluble glass chromite sand is arranged inside a sand type cavity, and the outer layer of the soluble glass chromite sand is provided with soluble glass quartz. The invention improves the forging art product yield from 50 percent of the prior art to 70 percent; the defective rate has been lowered from 20 percent to about 3 percent, greatly reducing the production costs, achieving the goal of producing high quality stainless steel forging casting product piece at low costs.
Description
Technical field the present invention relates to a kind of founding materials and casting, specifically a kind of method of producing the composite sand mould material and the cast stainless steel spare of stainless cast steel part.
The big-and-middle-sized stainless cast steel part of background technology is widely used in industry and fields such as petrochemical industry, machine-building, light industry, water conservancy and thermal power generation, nuclear power station, national defence, as the important equipment parts.Though the present demand of stainless cast steel part statistics not also, along with the high speed development of the sustainable growth of national economy, particularly oil, chemical industry, the energy and equipment manufacture, demand every year of stainless cast steel part is all with the speed increase more than 20%.Also have the demand of overseas market in addition, therefore, the market demand has a extensive future.
The stainless steel of large enterprise's production in the market mainly adopts the resin sand explained hereafter, has difficult problems such as cost height, pore is many, hot cracking tendency is big.The traditional water glass sand is produced stainless steel part and is had problems such as distortion is serious, poor dimensional precision, rough surface, scab.
Summary of the invention the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of composite sand mould material of producing stainless cast steel part.
Another object of the present invention provides the method for the high-quality stainless cast steel part of a kind of low-cost production.
The sand mould material that the present invention produces stainless cast steel part is waterglass quartz sand and waterglass chromite sand, and in the sand mould material consumption, percentage by weight is as follows: waterglass quartz sand accounts for 70-90%, and the waterglass chromite sand accounts for 10-30%.
The method of composite sand mould material cast stainless steel spare of the present invention, processing step is as follows,
A, foundry goods are cast and the cooled and solidified process simulation: pour into a mould with the mold temperature field of process of setting by computer and test and simulation, carry out the test and the metering of casting mold thermophysical parameter;
B, analogue formation:
1) according to the drawing of rough casting analogue formation of processing, checks size;
2), mopping: in the model surface mopping, lacquer is selected from any one in nitroewnamel, varnish, the mixed paint; Preferred nitroewnamel;
C, sand mold manufacture craft:
1), moulding: is that bonding agent is mixed into the waterglass chromite sand with the chromite sand of 90-96% weight percentage with the waterglass of 4-10% weight percentage, is that the sand mold inner chamber is placed the waterglass chromite sand at the model outer wall, and thickness is 10-30 millimeters;
Is that bonding agent is mixed into waterglass quartz sand with the quartz sand of 90-96% weight percentage with the waterglass of 4-10% weight percentage, places waterglass quartz sand at the skin of waterglass chromite sand; Hit tightly, press the sand mold surface, can not press depression to get final product with finger;
D, the heat preservation rising head is set:
At the model end face heat preservation riser buss is set, the material of insulating riser sleeve is the mixture of asbestos, carbon dust, brown iron oxide, ferrosilicon powder, plays the effect of heat preservation.
E, sclerosis: mo(u)ld venting, be blown into carbon dioxide hardening, to sand mold surface pastiness, venthole is guided to the case top,
F, trip out model, repair type, the sand mold endosexine is with Zircon powder alcohol group dope brush 2-3 times, and coating is greater than 1 millimeter; The heavy swabbing in finishing back, peeling position, oven dry;
F, the cast of button case:
1), buckle top box and nowel, weld nowel with reinforcing bar, put foundary weight on the top box,
2), at the case seam place of sandbox, adopt mud bar, asbestos cord, three kinds of layers of material of silicate refractory fibre to overlay reality;
3), cast: want complete fast stream cast during cast, will light a fire during cast,
G, cleaning:
Pour into a mould and took down foundary weight in back 40 minutes-60 minutes, slice off the reinforcing bar of weldering sandbox; The sand removal of watering after 24-48 hour, excision cast gate and rising head; Cast(ing) surface is polished bright and clean smooth, checks size and surface quality.
The present invention utilizes these two kinds of refractory temperatures that material is different of quartz sand and chromite sand, the quartz sand refractory temperature is more than 1700 degree, the chromite sand refractory temperature is more than 1900 degree, in the outer traditional water hyaline-quartz sand technology that adopts of casting mold, and adopt the waterglass chromite sand at foundry goods die cavity internal layer, be combined on technical advanced person, the technology reliably, rational composite mould economically, the purpose of realization.
The present invention has improved the cooled and solidified condition of stainless steel part comprehensively, guaranteed the dimensional accuracy of foundry goods, prevent that foundry goods from producing scab, at the mobile type that fills of the casting under the composite mould condition, foundry goods cooled and solidified process simulation (using existing software casting CAE), get the coefficient of conductivity of composite mould clear, the test of mold temperature field and the simulation of actual cast and process of setting determine that according to the thermal physical property parameter of new test representative oversupplied goods cast CAE and simulate.Can once determine cast steel technology accurately, avoid experiment link repeatedly, production costs such as conservation of power, manpower, frock.Solved in the uneven composite mould of thermophysical property, can only handle, problem such as cause analog result and actual production to have greater difference, simulation precision is relatively poor according to the casting technique that adopts system sand.Having solved casting defect is advanced computer forecast simulation by original ex-post analysis lifting, to solve the production problem.
The present invention is applied to the heat preservation rising head in the composite mould, the quality problems that casting section thickness is inhomogeneous, hot tearing reaches the long-term puzzlement of the quite high ultra-large type foundry goods of complex geometry, difficulty have greatly been solved, improving on the basis of casting quality comprehensively, improve the casting technique yield rate significantly, improve molten steel Utilization rate.
The present invention is in conjunction with casting CAE technology and insulated feeder technology, makes the casting technique yield rate bring up to 70% by present 50%, and percent defective is reduced to about 3% by 20%, reduces production costs greatly.Realize the target of the high-quality stainless cast steel part of low-cost production.
The present invention can reach and utilize casting technique replacement cheaply partly with the big-and-middle-sized stainless cast steel part of expensive resin sand explained hereafter, the casting surface roughness of steel-casting is reached more than the Ra50, casting technique yield rate 70%, and foundry goods clear-cut, the dimensional accuracy height, the crackle tendency is little, and percent defective is reduced to 2---and 3%.
The present invention is mainly used in the production field of big-and-middle-sized stainless cast steel part.The steel-casting of producing mainly contains guide vanes of water turbine (1Cr18Ni9Ti), and blade is thin, and size shape is strict, and surface smoothness requires high.Also produce steel-castings such as stainless steel body, throttling awl in addition by batch, generally do not find defectives such as pore, sand holes, crackle in process, external quality all satisfies the product technology requirement in the foundry goods, and casting weight is all more than 1.8 tons.As our factory in 2007 be Chinese Lanzhou machinery plant of petrochemical corporation (complex) produce be used in gas-turbine stainless steel part---valve body, weight 1900kg, wall thickness 25mm, the thick 130mm in flange position; The heavy 1800kg of throttling awl, wall thickness 30mm; Ring flange weight 2400kg, wall thickness 200mm.On inspection, dimensional tolerance reaches GB/T6414---1999 CT11 level, and surface roughness reach GB/T6006,1---Ra50-Ra100 of 1997, chemical analysis is qualified, foundry goods meets GB2100---and 80 acid-resistant stainless steel technical standards, satisfy the product quality requirement.
The stainless steel part that the present invention produces has met or exceeded the foundry goods with the phenolic sand molding explained hereafter, and the steel-casting technical performance contrast of its key technical indexes and two kinds of different process productions is as follows:
Two kinds of different process are produced the technical performance contrast table of steel-casting
Description of drawings Fig. 1 is the structural representation of casting mold of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
The following examples can make those skilled in the art more fully understand the present invention, but do not limit the present invention in any way.
Fig. 1 shows the structural representation of casting mold of the present invention.
Embodiment 1:
The sand mould material that the present invention produces stainless cast steel part is waterglass quartz sand and waterglass chromite sand, and in the sand mould material consumption, percentage by weight is as follows: waterglass quartz sand accounts for 70-90%, and the waterglass chromite sand accounts for 10-30%.
Processing step of the present invention is as follows,
A, foundry goods are cast and the cooled and solidified process simulation: pour into a mould with the mold temperature field of process of setting by computer and test and simulation, carry out the test and the metering of casting mold thermophysical parameter; Get the coefficient of conductivity of composite mould clear, determine representative oversupplied goods according to the thermal physical property parameter of new test,
B, analogue formation:
1), according to finished machine analogue formation 1, check size; Casting dimension is big, and complex structure easily cracks, so the core frame is solid, does not hinder contraction again.
2), mopping: in model 1 surperficial mopping, lacquer is selected from any one in nitroewnamel, varnish, the mixed paint; Preferred nitroewnamel;
C, moulding: is that bonding agent is mixed into waterglass chromite sand 2 with the chromite sand of 90% weight percentage with the waterglass of 10% weight percentage,
At model 1 outer wall is that the sand mold inner chamber is placed waterglass chromite sand 2, thickness is controlled to be 10-30 millimeters by each position situation of foundry goods, the interior angle place can suitably thicken, at casting section thickness is 10 millimeters thickness waterglass chromite sands of position placement of 10-30 millimeter, 15 millimeters thickness waterglass chromite sands are placed at position at casting section thickness 31-100 millimeter, place 30 millimeters thickness waterglass chromite sands at the position of casting section thickness 101-220 millimeter;
Is that bonding agent is mixed into waterglass quartz sand 3 with the quartz sand of 90% weight percentage with the waterglass of 10% weight percentage, places waterglass quartz sand 3 at the skin of waterglass chromite sand 2; Waterglass quartz sand uses the old sand piece to reduce molding sand consumption more, increases the deformability of sand mold.Hit tightly, press the sand mold surface, can not press depression to get final product with finger;
D, the heat preservation rising head is set:
At model 1 end face heat preservation riser buss 4 is set, the material of insulating riser sleeve 4 is the mixture of asbestos, carbon dust, brown iron oxide, ferrosilicon powder, plays the effect of heat preservation;
E, sclerosis, mo(u)ld venting are blown into carbon dioxide hardening, to sand mold surface pastiness, venthole are guided to the case top,
F, trip out model 1, prevented bad sand mold; Repair type, brush 2-3 times with Zircon powder alcohol group dope the sand mold endosexine, and coating is greater than 1 millimeter; The heavy swabbing in finishing back, peeling position, oven dry;
F, the cast of button case:
1, buckle top box 5 and nowel 6, venthole is unimpeded, and the foundry goods big for area welds nowel with reinforcing bar, puts foundary weight on the top box 5, prevents leakers;
2, at the case seam place of sandbox, adopt three roads to prevent the runout measure, adopt mud bar, asbestos cord, three kinds of layers of material of silicate refractory fibre to overlay reality;
3, cast: want complete fast stream cast during cast, will light a fire during cast, prevent to blow out to cause the race case;
G, cleaning:
Pour into a mould and took down foundary weight in back 40 minutes, slice off the reinforcing bar of weldering sandbox; The sand removal of watering after 24 hours, excision cast gate and rising head; Cast(ing) surface is polished bright and clean smooth, checks size and surface quality.
Embodiment 2: difference from Example 1 has,
Step C, moulding: is that bonding agent is mixed into waterglass chromite sand 2 with the chromite sand of 96% weight percentage with the waterglass of 4% weight percentage,
At model 1 outer wall is that the sand mold inner chamber is placed waterglass chromite sand 2,
Is that bonding agent is mixed into waterglass quartz sand 3 with the quartz sand of 96% weight percentage with the waterglass of 4% weight percentage, places waterglass quartz sand 3 at the skin of waterglass chromite sand 2;
Step G, cleaning:
Pour into a mould and took down foundary weight in back 60 minutes, slice off the reinforcing bar of weldering sandbox; The sand removal of watering after 48 hours, excision cast gate and rising head; Cast(ing) surface is polished bright and clean smooth, checks size and surface quality.
Embodiment 3: difference from Example 1 has,
Step C, moulding: is that bonding agent is mixed into waterglass chromite sand 2 with the chromite sand of 93% weight percentage with the waterglass of 7% weight percentage,
At model 1 outer wall is that the sand mold inner chamber is placed waterglass chromite sand 2,
Is that bonding agent is mixed into waterglass quartz sand 3 with the quartz sand of 93% weight percentage with the waterglass of 7% weight percentage, places waterglass quartz sand 3 at the skin of waterglass chromite sand 2;
Step G, cleaning:
Pour into a mould and took down foundary weight in back 50 minutes, slice off the reinforcing bar of weldering sandbox; The sand removal of watering after 36 hours, excision cast gate and rising head; Cast(ing) surface is polished bright and clean smooth, checks size and surface quality.
Claims (2)
1. method with composite sand mould material cast stainless steel spare, it is characterized in that: processing step is as follows,
A, foundry goods are cast and the cooled and solidified process simulation: pour into a mould with the mold temperature field of process of setting by computer and test and simulation, carry out the test and the metering of casting mold thermophysical parameter;
B, analogue formation:
1), checks size according to finished machine analogue formation (1);
2), mopping: in the surperficial mopping of model (1), lacquer is selected from any one in nitroewnamel, varnish, the mixed paint;
C, moulding: is that bonding agent is mixed into waterglass chromite sand (2) with the chromite sand of 90-96% weight percentage with the waterglass of 4-10% weight percentage, at model (1) outer wall is that the sand mold inner chamber is placed waterglass chromite sand (2), and thickness is 10-30 millimeters;
Is that bonding agent is mixed into waterglass quartz sand (3) with the quartz sand of 90-96% weight percentage with the waterglass of 4-10% weight percentage, places waterglass quartz sand (3) at the skin of waterglass chromite sand (2); Hit tightly, press the sand mold surface, can not press depression to get final product with finger;
D, the heat preservation rising head is set:
At model (1) end face heat preservation riser buss (4) is set,
E, sclerosis: mo(u)ld venting, be blown into carbon dioxide hardening, to sand mold surface pastiness, venthole is guided to the case top,
F, trip out model (1), repair type, the sand mold endosexine is with Zircon powder alcohol group dope brush 2-3 times, and coating is greater than 1 millimeter; The heavy swabbing in finishing back, peeling position, oven dry;
F, the cast of button case:
1), buckle top box (5) and nowel (6), weld nowel with reinforcing bar, top box is put foundary weight on (5),
2), at the case seam place of sandbox, adopt mud bar, asbestos cord, three kinds of layers of material of silicate refractory fibre to overlay reality;
3), cast: want complete fast stream cast during cast, will light a fire during cast,
G, cleaning:
Pour into a mould and took down foundary weight in back 40 minutes-60 minutes, slice off the reinforcing bar of weldering sandbox; The sand removal of watering after 24-48 hour, excision cast gate and rising head; Cast(ing) surface is polished bright and clean smooth, checks size and surface quality.
2. the method for composite sand mould material cast stainless steel spare according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the mopping of model institute is selected from nitroewnamel in the described B step.
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| CNB2007100186937A CN100462161C (en) | 2007-09-06 | 2007-09-06 | Composite sand mould material for producing stainless steel casting and method for casting stainless steel casting |
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| CNB2007100186937A CN100462161C (en) | 2007-09-06 | 2007-09-06 | Composite sand mould material for producing stainless steel casting and method for casting stainless steel casting |
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| CN100462161C true CN100462161C (en) | 2009-02-18 |
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| CN102139339B (en) * | 2011-05-11 | 2012-12-26 | 李华山 | Formula of high-efficiency quenched moulding sand |
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