CN100458189C - Controller for profile of shock wave - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a shock controller with low flowing loss which is special applicable for liquid machines such as supersonic and hypersonic air inlet etc. it is characterized in that: it contains perforated plate or multi-slit plate, regulated cavity, pipeline and valve. The valve is equipped on pipeline linking high-pressure source located on one end in liquid machine cavity. The other end of pipeline connects with the regulated cavity in upper cover tilted-plate of liquid machine through its inner wall. The regulated cavity connects with the perforated plate or multi-slit plate on upper cover tilted-plate of liquid machine. The invention has merits of fixed geometry, simple structure, small occupation space, small controlling flow and low actuating pressure, which is prone to integrate in different liquid machines.

Description

Shock Shape Controller

technical field

The invention relates to a shock wave shape controller with low flow loss, which is especially suitable for fluid machines such as supersonic inlets and hypersonic inlets.

Background technique

Shock wave is an important flow phenomenon in supersonic flow, and its shape and characteristics determine the working efficiency and stability of various supersonic fluid machines to a large extent. For example, for a supersonic propulsion system, the configuration of the shock system significantly affects the flow coefficient and work efficiency of its intake system; for a supersonic vehicle, the shock wave of the external flow field significantly affects its lift-drag characteristics. Therefore, if the shape and characteristics of the shock wave can be controlled conveniently, it is expected to adjust the working state of the fluid machinery in real time, so that it can work in a better state under different working conditions and improve its overall performance. However, since the shape and characteristics of the shock wave are only related to the incoming flow conditions (Mach number, angle of attack, etc.) and the shape of the object surface, its control is not simple. At present, the shock wave control technology applied in engineering practice is realized by changing the geometric parameters of the object surface. For example, the variable geometry inlet of the British "Concorde" aircraft is to adjust the angle of the shock wave at the mouth of the inlet by changing the angles of the compression swash plates at all levels, so that the wave system at the mouth of the inlet at different Mach numbers can be as large as possible. Stay snug for high flow coefficient and total pressure recovery. The realization of this type of technology needs to set up a special actuating mechanism, which makes the structure of the fluid machine complex, the weight increases significantly, the effective space decreases, the reliability decreases, and a series of problems such as control and sealing are brought.

In addition, shock wave control technology based on strong magnetic field interference is a new type of technology currently being studied. A controllable magnetic field generator is embedded inside the object surface, and the existing or artificially manufactured plasma environment is used to change the movement direction of the airflow through the Lorenz force, thereby controlling the shock wave characteristics in the external flow field . However, due to the need to install special devices such as plasma exciters, controllable electromagnetic field generators, energy storage, and energy converters, the net benefits that can be obtained by using this technology are still a question, especially for fluid machinery such as aircraft. In terms of. Moreover, the superposition of a strong magnetic field may also have negative effects that cannot be underestimated on the guidance and communication of the aircraft.

Contents of the invention

1. Purpose of the invention: In order to solve the deficiency in the prior art that the shape and characteristics of the shock wave need to be controlled by configuring complex auxiliary facilities or needing to rotate the object surface of the fluid machine, the present invention provides a shock wave shape controller, which The shock wave shape controller has fixed geometric shape, simple structure, easy operation, and low cost, and can control the shock wave shape only by adjusting the opening of the valve.

2. Technical solution: A shock wave shape controller according to the present invention is characterized in that it includes a porous or multi-slit plate, a pressure stabilizing chamber, pipelines and valves; one end arranged in the fluid mechanical chamber is connected to a high pressure source A valve is installed on the pipeline, and the other end of the pipeline communicates with the pressure-stabilizing cavity set in the sloping plate of the upper cover of the fluid machine through the inner wall of the fluid machine. connected. Real-time control of the shape of the shock wave can be realized by controlling the opening of the valve to adjust the flow rate of the secondary flow injected into the external flow area by the porous or multi-slit plate.

If the angle between the axis of the holes or slots on the porous or multi-slot plate and the surface of the fluid machine is too small, the driving pressure ratio will be high, and if the angle is too large, the flow loss will be too large. Therefore, according to the actual needs of shock wave shape control, The angle range between the axis of the holes or slots on the porous or multi-slit plate and the surface of the fluid machine can be selected from 20° to 160°.

The working principle of the present invention is: at the front end of the object plane that produces the shock wave, a small amount of secondary fluid 16 is injected into the external flow interval through a porous or multi-slit plate according to a certain distribution rule along the course, because the secondary flow after injection is in the The vicinity of the object surface needs to occupy a certain flow space, and will bring disturbances leading to a certain total pressure loss, so that the flow capacity of the externally controlled mainstream in the area near the wall is continuously weakened, and its "aerodynamic equivalent boundary" 15 is forced to Outer local deflection. Then, a weak compression beam 11 is sent out at the front end of the curved "aerodynamic equivalent boundary" 15, and an expansion beam 12 is sent out at the back end, and these two beams interfere with the shock wave 14 sent out at the front end of the object plane, The shock wave 14 is partially bent and deflected outward to form a bending shock wave 13 , thereby realizing the control of the shape of the shock wave 14 . The shape of the shock wave 14 can be controlled in real time by appropriately adjusting the flow rate of the secondary flow 16 through the valve 4 .

3. Beneficial effects: the shock wave shape controller described in the present invention not only has a fixed geometric shape, a simple structure, and takes up less space, but also has the characteristics of small control flow and low driving pressure ratio, so it is easy to be used in various fluid machines integrated. Moreover, in the present invention, the secondary flow is injected in a distributed and continuous manner, so the total pressure loss to the external flow is small, which is beneficial to the efficient operation of the fluid machine.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a working principle diagram of the present invention, in which a weak compression beam 11, an expansion beam 12, a bending shock wave 13, a shock wave 14, an aerodynamic equivalent boundary 15, and a secondary fluid 16.

Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.

As shown in Figure 2, the names of the parts involved in the shock wave shape controller include porous or multi-slit plate 1, pressure stabilizing chamber 2, pipeline 3, valve 4, high pressure source 5 and fluid machinery 6; A small amount of secondary flow is extracted from the high-pressure source 5 in the machine 6, and its flow rate is controlled by the valve 4 and is generally less than 2% of the main flow rate. The secondary flow is injected into the external flow field near the sloping plate of the upper cover of the fluid machine 6 at a stable pressure through the porous or multi-slit plate 1. Due to the introduction of additional mass and the flow loss caused by the injection disturbance, the main flow is close to the wall of the fluid machine 6 The circulation capacity of the flow is weakened continuously, forming a curved "aerodynamic boundary" and being forced to deflect outward locally, thus producing a weak compression wave and an expansion wave that interfere with the shock wave emitted by the front end of the 6 swash plate of the fluid machine, causing it to bend and Deflect outward. During the working process, the secondary flow can be adjusted by controlling the opening of the valve 4 according to the requirements of the best working state of the fluid machinery, so as to realize the real-time control of the shape of the shock wave.

Claims (2)

1, a kind of controller for profile of shock wave is characterized in that: it comprises porous or stitches plate (1), pressure stabilizing cavity (2), pipeline (3) and valve (4) more; Be arranged on the described pipeline (3) that a end in fluid machinery (6) cavity connects high-voltage power supply (5) described valve (4) is installed, described pipeline (3) the other end communicates with the described pressure stabilizing cavity (2) that is arranged in fluid machinery (6) the loam cake swash plate by described fluid machinery (6) inwall, described pressure stabilizing cavity (2) be installed in fluid machinery (6) loam cake swash plate on described porous or stitch plate (1) more and link to each other.

2, controller for profile of shock wave according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described porous stitch hole on the plate (1) more or the angular range of the axis of seam and described fluid machinery (6) plate face between 20 °～160 °.

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