CN100450178C - A remote monitoring system for general automation equipment based on screen simulation technology - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
(一)技术领域(1) Technical field
本发明涉及一种基于屏幕模拟技术的通用型自动化设备远程监控系统。The invention relates to a remote monitoring system for general automation equipment based on screen simulation technology.
(二)背景技术(2) Background technology
计算机技术与通信技术的紧密结合使计算机网络得以迅速普及与发展，计算机网络进入工业控制领域，出现了以网络为基础的远程监控系统。计算机网络为自动化设备的远程监控提供了分布式的通讯环境和良好的扩展性。The close combination of computer technology and communication technology has enabled the rapid popularization and development of computer networks. Computer networks have entered the field of industrial control, and a network-based remote monitoring system has emerged. The computer network provides a distributed communication environment and good scalability for remote monitoring of automation equipment.
自动化设备远程监控方式包括以下四种：The remote monitoring methods of automation equipment include the following four types:
(1)保持型的远程监控方式：远程监控仅仅向设备控制系统发出控制命令，而由设备自主的完成这个命令，监控设备只对设备进行监视，在必要时对设备进行干预。这样就要求设备不断向远程监控系统发送设备运行信息，远程监控系统保持对设备的监控能力。这种模式可实现远程设备的无人控制，可应用于危险环境和人力不能到达的地方等。(1) Maintained remote monitoring method: remote monitoring only sends control commands to the equipment control system, and the equipment completes this command autonomously. The monitoring equipment only monitors the equipment and intervenes in the equipment when necessary. This requires the equipment to continuously send equipment operation information to the remote monitoring system, and the remote monitoring system maintains the ability to monitor the equipment. This mode can realize unmanned control of remote equipment, and can be applied to dangerous environments and places where manpower cannot reach.
(2)完成型的远程监控方式：远程监控系统仅仅向设备控制系统发出控制命令，而由设备自主的完成这个命令，远程监控系统不对设备的具体实现过程进行监控，设备完成任务后向远程监控系统报告。设备的操作控制完全在本地进行，设备在本地操作人员的监控下完成加工任务。(2) Complete remote monitoring method: the remote monitoring system only sends a control command to the equipment control system, and the equipment completes the command independently. The remote monitoring system does not monitor the specific implementation process of the equipment. system report. The operation control of the equipment is completely carried out locally, and the equipment completes the processing tasks under the supervision of the local operators.
(3)完全型的远程控制方式：设备的本地控制系统仅仅控制设备的执行机构，全部的操作控制由远程监控系统完成。在这种方式中，设备控制系统和设备是分离的，而在设备控制系统内信号的传递速度要求很高，要求系统能够立刻对现场做出反应。这种控制方式用在一些特殊的行业。(3) Complete remote control mode: the local control system of the equipment only controls the actuator of the equipment, and all operation control is completed by the remote monitoring system. In this way, the equipment control system and the equipment are separated, and the transmission speed of the signal in the equipment control system is very high, requiring the system to respond to the scene immediately. This control method is used in some special industries.
(4)人机交互式远程监控方式：设备在本地操作人员和远程监控系统的协同控制下工作，即设备在远程监控系统的指挥下工作，由本地操作人员对设备进行控制和维护工作。在任务执行过程中，可随时建立连接，进行设备之间和人员之间的交互，设备的状态信息可随时在远程监控端采集。这是目前使用比较多的一种监控方式。(4) Human-computer interactive remote monitoring mode: the equipment works under the cooperative control of the local operator and the remote monitoring system, that is, the equipment works under the command of the remote monitoring system, and the local operator controls and maintains the equipment. During task execution, connections can be established at any time for interaction between devices and personnel, and device status information can be collected at the remote monitoring terminal at any time. This is the most widely used monitoring method at present.
远程监控系统的特点是：远距离、不确定网及生产中信息的实时性，因此开发该远程监控系统要涉及以下三方面：网络通信技术、网络数据传输及数据传输安全。The characteristics of remote monitoring system are: long distance, uncertain network and real-time information in production, so the development of this remote monitoring system involves the following three aspects: network communication technology, network data transmission and data transmission security.
(1)网络通信问题：系统要具有远程控制的功能，即要能够实现监控中心异地监控另外一个控制系统的工作。(1) Network communication problem: The system must have the function of remote control, that is, it must be able to monitor the work of another control system in different places by the monitoring center.
(2)数据传输问题：在具有远程控制功能的系统中，控制端用户要想知道被控端用户目前的情况，通常采用两种方式：图形方式和文本方式。(2) Data transmission problem: In a system with remote control function, if the control end user wants to know the current situation of the controlled end user, two methods are usually used: graphic mode and text mode.
(3)网络安全问题：保证数据在网络上传输是安全的，系统应当采取一些安全措施，如使用数据传输加密技术、数据完整性鉴别技术及防抵赖技术等。多年来，在自动化设备的远程监控研究中，涌现出了各种监视和控制方法。然而，几乎所有的监控软件都是依据特定的自动化设备专门设计的。因此，对于每套自动化设备都需要重新设计、开发专用的远程监控软件，继而大大提高了软件开发的成本，增加了远程监控系统的开发周期。(3) Network security issues: To ensure that data transmission on the network is safe, the system should take some security measures, such as the use of data transmission encryption technology, data integrity authentication technology and anti-repudiation technology. Over the years, in the remote monitoring research of automation equipment, various monitoring and control methods have emerged. However, almost all monitoring software is specially designed according to specific automation equipment. Therefore, it is necessary to redesign and develop special remote monitoring software for each set of automation equipment, which greatly increases the cost of software development and increases the development cycle of the remote monitoring system.
普通的自动化设备远程监控软件在设计之初就限定了被控设备的类型和数量，所以基本不具备对未知设备的自适应功能。事实上，在工厂和企业的实际生产过程中，经常会部分更新或更换设备。对于这种情况，只能根据设备变更情况修改远程监控软件，甚至重新设计远程监控软件。所以，针对一个或几个特定自动化设备所设计的远程监控系统功能有限，不利于新设备拓展，缺乏通用性。Ordinary automation equipment remote monitoring software has limited the type and quantity of controlled equipment at the beginning of design, so it basically does not have the adaptive function for unknown equipment. In fact, in the actual production process of factories and enterprises, some equipment is often updated or replaced. In this case, the remote monitoring software can only be modified or even redesigned according to the equipment changes. Therefore, the remote monitoring system designed for one or several specific automation equipment has limited functions, which is not conducive to the expansion of new equipment and lacks versatility.
在微机控制领域，随着网络应用的发展，人们开始利用网络去实现诸如远程监视、控制等方面的应用。这方面的应用需求直接促使了屏幕共享技术的出现。屏幕共享的目的是在远端客户机上重现主机屏幕的界面显示内容，也就是一种虚拟终端的概念，使得远端的用户感觉是坐在主机旁边一样。目前有很多基于屏幕模拟技术的产品。例如X window和Windows的远程终端服务、NetMeeting、Symatic的PC Anywhere、Remote Administrator、VNC以及国内的红蜘蛛教学系统等。In the field of microcomputer control, with the development of network applications, people began to use the network to achieve applications such as remote monitoring and control. The application demand in this aspect directly promotes the emergence of screen sharing technology. The purpose of screen sharing is to reproduce the interface display content of the host screen on the remote client, which is a concept of virtual terminal, so that the remote user feels like sitting next to the host. There are many products based on screen simulation technology. For example, X window and Windows remote terminal services, NetMeeting, Symatic's PC Anywhere, Remote Administrator, VNC, and the domestic Starscream teaching system.
基于屏幕模拟技术的微机控制软件的设计目的是为了实现对微机或网站服务器的远程操作，其特点是采用一对一的操作方式。这类软件并不适合应用于自动化设备的远程监控中。因为自动化设备的远程监控在系统稳定性方面要求更高，而且还需要具备多主控端和多被控端的并发工作，以及特殊的控制操作，包括设备紧急处理等。The design purpose of the microcomputer control software based on the screen simulation technology is to realize the remote operation of the microcomputer or the website server, and its characteristic is to adopt a one-to-one operation mode. This type of software is not suitable for remote monitoring of automation equipment. Because the remote monitoring of automation equipment requires higher system stability, and also requires concurrent work of multiple masters and multiple controlled terminals, as well as special control operations, including equipment emergency processing, etc.
控制方法应当包括：设备的远程数据采集；工业流程的远程监视；设备控制系统的远程调试和配置；设备的远程控制和设备的远程维护；信息的集中管理与高层监控；以及设备之间全方位信息的融合。实现技术人员无须亲临现场或恶劣的环境就可以对现场设备的生产情况进行监视、参数调节、故障恢复等操作；实现专家在远程即可对现场技术员进行技术指导，甚至直接控制设备。从而提高信息管理决策水平，满足整个生产系统向自动化、综合化、智能化的方向发展，适应未来发展的需求。Control methods should include: remote data collection of equipment; remote monitoring of industrial processes; remote debugging and configuration of equipment control systems; remote control of equipment and remote maintenance of equipment; centralized management of information and high-level monitoring; fusion of information. Realize that technicians can monitor the production status, parameter adjustment, fault recovery and other operations of on-site equipment without visiting the site or in harsh environments; realize that experts can provide technical guidance to on-site technicians remotely, and even directly control equipment. In this way, the decision-making level of information management can be improved, and the whole production system can be automated, integrated, and intelligentized, and the needs of future development can be met.
(三)发明内容(3) Contents of the invention
为了克服已有技术中自动化设备远程监控系统不具备通用性和自适应性的不足，本发明提供一种具有良好自适应性的基于屏幕模拟技术的通用型自动化设备远程监控系统。In order to overcome the lack of universality and adaptability of the automation equipment remote monitoring system in the prior art, the present invention provides a universal automation equipment remote monitoring system based on screen simulation technology with good adaptability.
本发明解决的技术方案是：The technical scheme that the present invention solves is:
一种基于屏幕模拟技术的通用型自动化设备远程监控系统，包括主控端和被控端，主控端和被控端通讯连接，被控端包括：A remote monitoring system for general automation equipment based on screen simulation technology, including a master control terminal and a controlled terminal, the master control terminal and the controlled terminal are connected by communication, and the controlled terminal includes:
自动化设备组，包括若干个自动化设备；An automation equipment group, including several automation equipment;
设备操作单元组：包括若干个设备操作单元，用于在本地直接监视与操作自动化设备；Equipment operation unit group: including several equipment operation units for direct monitoring and operation of automation equipment locally;
设备驱动单元组：包括若干个设备驱动单元，用于在设备操作单元组与自动化设备组之间建立连接；Device drive unit group: including several device drive units, used to establish a connection between the device operation unit group and the automation device group;
初始化单元，用于检查可用的自动化设备及其对应的设备驱动单元，为每个自动化设备设定设备序号，并分别开启对应的设备操作单元；The initialization unit is used to check the available automation equipment and its corresponding equipment drive unit, set the equipment serial number for each automation equipment, and open the corresponding equipment operation unit respectively;
图形界面实时截取单元，用于截取设备操作单元组的监视和控制界面，整理为虚拟图像信息；The graphical interface real-time interception unit is used to intercept the monitoring and control interface of the equipment operation unit group and organize it into virtual image information;
发送单元，用于将被控端虚拟图像信息发送到主控端；a sending unit, configured to send the virtual image information of the controlled terminal to the main control terminal;
虚拟操作实现单元，用于接收主控端系统的指令序列，检查主控端系统虚拟操作命令的正确性和时效性，转换并执行。The virtual operation realization unit is used to receive the instruction sequence of the host system, check the correctness and timeliness of the virtual operation command of the host system, convert and execute it.
主控端包括：The main control terminal includes:
屏幕虚拟界面模拟单元，用于接收被控端的虚拟图像信息展示虚拟的被控端操作界面；The screen virtual interface simulation unit is used to receive the virtual image information of the controlled terminal and display the virtual controlled terminal operation interface;
监控设备管理单元，用于通过虚拟的被控端操作界面操作设备操作单元组，控制自动化设备组的监控循环和操作，并生成操作信息；The monitoring equipment management unit is used to operate the equipment operation unit group through the virtual controlled terminal operation interface, control the monitoring cycle and operation of the automation equipment group, and generate operation information;
虚拟操作发送单元，用于将监控设备管理单元生成的操作信息转换为被控端可识别的指令序列，并发送到被控端。The virtual operation sending unit is used to convert the operation information generated by the monitoring device management unit into an instruction sequence recognizable by the controlled terminal, and send it to the controlled terminal.
所述的被控端还包括图像压缩单元，用于将图形界面实时截取单元截取的虚拟图像信息进行压缩；The controlled terminal also includes an image compression unit for compressing the virtual image information intercepted by the graphical interface real-time interception unit;
所述的主控端还包括图像解压单元，用于将接收到的虚拟图像信息进行解压。The main control terminal also includes an image decompression unit for decompressing the received virtual image information.
一种基于屏幕模拟技术的通用型自动化设备远程监控系统的工作流程：The workflow of a remote monitoring system for general automation equipment based on screen simulation technology:
检查可用的自动化设备及其对应的设备驱动单元，为每个自动化设备设定设备序号k，并分别开启对应的设备操作单元Pk。Check the available automation equipment and its corresponding equipment drive unit, set the equipment serial number k for each automation equipment, and open the corresponding equipment operation unit P k respectively.
截取t时刻的设备操作单元操作界面Tk。The operation interface T k of the equipment operation unit at time t is intercepted.
将图像Tk通过网络通讯在一定时限内传送到远程主控端，并在主控端展示虚拟的控制程序界面。The image T k is transmitted to the remote main control terminal within a certain time limit through network communication, and a virtual control program interface is displayed on the main control terminal.
主控端通过虚拟的被控端操作界面，远程操作设备操作单元组，控制完成自动化设备组的监控循环和操作操作人员在t+1时刻的操作命令。操作命令可以是1个也可以是1组，即在一定时限内的操作命令向量Ct+1＝(c1，c2，...cn)T。The master control terminal remotely operates the equipment operation unit group through the virtual controlled terminal operation interface, controls and completes the monitoring cycle of the automation equipment group and the operation command of the operator at
通过网络通讯将操作命令向量Ct+1从主控端虚拟操作发送单元传送回被控端，经过正确性和时效性检测，逐一在设备操作单元组中执行远程操作。The operation command vector C t+1 is transmitted from the virtual operation sending unit of the master control end to the controlled end through network communication, and after correctness and timeliness testing, remote operations are performed in the equipment operation unit group one by one.
循环以上步骤，并控制每次步骤的完整实施时间在较短时间内完成，则可实现自动化设备的虚拟远程监控。By looping the above steps and controlling the complete implementation time of each step to be completed in a short period of time, the virtual remote monitoring of automation equipment can be realized.
本发明所述的一种基于屏幕模拟技术的通用型自动化设备远程监控系统的有益效果主要表现在：1、设有初始化单元，可自动检查可用的自动化设备并开启对应的设备操作单元，具有良好的自适应性和通用性；2、基于屏幕模拟技术，可实现多对多的设备控制。The beneficial effects of the general automation equipment remote monitoring system based on the screen simulation technology of the present invention are mainly manifested in: 1. An initialization unit is provided, which can automatically check the available automation equipment and open the corresponding equipment operation unit, with good 2. Based on screen simulation technology, many-to-many device control can be realized.
(四)附图说明(4) Description of drawings
图1是本发明一种基于屏幕模拟技术的通用型自动化设备远程监控系统的结构图。Fig. 1 is a structural diagram of a general automation equipment remote monitoring system based on screen simulation technology in the present invention.
图2是本发明一种基于屏幕模拟技术的通用型自动化设备远程监控系统的流程图。Fig. 2 is a flow chart of a general automation equipment remote monitoring system based on screen simulation technology in the present invention.
(五)具体实施方式(5) Specific implementation methods
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步描述。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
参见附图：一种基于屏幕模拟技术的通用型自动化设备远程监控系统，包括主控端和被控端，主控端和被控端通讯连接，被控端包括：See the accompanying drawing: a remote monitoring system for general-purpose automation equipment based on screen simulation technology, including a master control terminal and a controlled terminal, the communication connection between the master control terminal and the controlled terminal, and the controlled terminal includes:
自动化设备组，包括若干个自动化设备；An automation equipment group, including several automation equipment;
设备操作单元组：包括若干个设备操作单元，用于在本地直接监视与操作自动化设备；Equipment operation unit group: including several equipment operation units for direct monitoring and operation of automation equipment locally;
设备驱动单元组：包括若干个设备驱动单元，用于在设备操作单元组与自动化设备组之间建立连接；Device drive unit group: including several device drive units, used to establish a connection between the device operation unit group and the automation device group;
初始化单元，用于检查可用的自动化设备及其对应的设备驱动单元，为每个自动化设备设定设备序号，并分别开启对应的设备操作单元；The initialization unit is used to check the available automation equipment and its corresponding equipment drive unit, set the equipment serial number for each automation equipment, and open the corresponding equipment operation unit respectively;
图形界面实时截取单元，用于截取设备操作单元组的监视和控制界面，整理为虚拟图像信息；The graphical interface real-time interception unit is used to intercept the monitoring and control interface of the equipment operation unit group and organize it into virtual image information;
图像压缩单元，用于将图形界面实时截取单元截取的虚拟图像信息进行压缩；An image compression unit, configured to compress the virtual image information intercepted by the graphical interface real-time interception unit;
发送单元，用于将被控端虚拟图像信息发送到主控端；a sending unit, configured to send the virtual image information of the controlled terminal to the main control terminal;
虚拟操作实现单元，用于接收主控端系统的指令序列，检查主控端系统虚拟操作命令的正确性和时效性，转换并执行。The virtual operation realization unit is used to receive the instruction sequence of the host system, check the correctness and timeliness of the virtual operation command of the host system, convert and execute it.
主控端包括：The main control terminal includes:
图像解压单元，用于将接收到的虚拟图像信息进行解压；an image decompression unit, configured to decompress the received virtual image information;
屏幕虚拟界面模拟单元，用于接收被控端的虚拟图像信息展示虚拟的被控端操作界面；The screen virtual interface simulation unit is used to receive the virtual image information of the controlled terminal and display the virtual controlled terminal operation interface;
监控设备管理单元，用于通过虚拟的被控端操作界面操作设备操作单元组，控制自动化设备组的监控循环和操作，并生成操作信息；The monitoring equipment management unit is used to operate the equipment operation unit group through the virtual controlled terminal operation interface, control the monitoring cycle and operation of the automation equipment group, and generate operation information;
虚拟操作发送单元，用于将监控设备管理单元生成的操作信息转换为被控端可识别的指令序列，并发送到被控端。The virtual operation sending unit is used to convert the operation information generated by the monitoring device management unit into an instruction sequence recognizable by the controlled terminal, and send it to the controlled terminal.
工作流程包括以下步骤：The workflow includes the following steps:
第一步：初始化现场自动化设备所用的工控机，可以是一台或者几台，一个工控机控制一个或多个自动化设备。Step 1: Initialize the industrial computer used by the field automation equipment, which can be one or several, and one industrial computer controls one or more automation equipment.
第二步：初始化需要运作的各个自动化设备。Step 2: Initialize each automation device that needs to be operated.
第三步：检测设备启动是否正常，若不正常则重复第二步。Step 3: Check whether the device starts normally, if not, repeat the second step.
第四步：开启1-n的所有设备驱动单元组，每个设备驱动程序对应一个自动化设备。Step 4: Open all 1-n device driver unit groups, and each device driver corresponds to an automation device.
第五步：检测每个驱动程序启动是否正常，若不正常则重复第四步。Step 5: Check whether each driver starts normally, if not, repeat step 4.
第六步：开始当前一次远程监控周期，指定需要监控的被控端设备Dk。Step 6: Start the current remote monitoring cycle, specify the controlled device D k to be monitored.
第七步：开启设备Dk对应的设备操作单元Pk。设备操作单元Pk是可以在被控端工控机上对设备进行直接监视和操作的程序，并且具备图形化的显示和控制界面。Step 7: Turn on the device operation unit P k corresponding to the device D k . The equipment operation unit P k is a program that can directly monitor and operate the equipment on the controlled terminal industrial computer, and has a graphical display and control interface.
第八步：截取操作程序Pk在t时刻的界面图像Tk。再内存中定位操作系统图形界面所使用的内存区域。获取控制程序Pk所占用屏幕的大小：左边距、顶边距、宽度和高度。根据控制程序界面大小在屏幕图像中截取对应参数大小的光栅图Tk。Step 8: Intercept the interface image T k of the operating program P k at time t. Locate the memory area used by the graphical interface of the operating system in the memory. Get the size of the screen occupied by the control program P k : left margin, top margin, width and height. According to the size of the interface of the control program, the raster image T k corresponding to the size of the parameter is intercepted in the screen image.
第九步：使用静态图像压缩算法压缩图像Tk。Step 9: Compress the image T k using a static image compression algorithm.
第十步：将被控端获得的界面图像Tk通过网络通讯手段在一定时限内传送到远程主控端。Step 10: Transmit the interface image T k obtained by the controlled terminal to the remote master control terminal within a certain time limit through network communication means.
第十一步：控制端接收压缩后的图像数据。Step 11: The control terminal receives the compressed image data.
第十二步：根据不同的压缩算法分别对图像进行解压，还原为控制界面Tk。Step 12: Decompress the images respectively according to different compression algorithms, and restore them to the control interface T k .
第十三步：通过虚拟的被控端操作界面远程操作设备操作单元组，刷新操作端界面图像，使之与现场操作界面直接对应，控制完成自动化设备组的监控循环和操作。Step 13: Remotely operate the equipment operation unit group through the virtual controlled terminal operation interface, refresh the image of the operation terminal interface to make it directly correspond to the on-site operation interface, and control the completion of the monitoring cycle and operation of the automation equipment group.
第十四步：主控端直接操作虚拟的被控端控制程序，捕捉操作人员的t+1时刻的操作命令。操作命令可以是1个也可以是1组，即在一定时限内的操作命令向量Ct+1＝(c1，c2，...Cn)T。Step 14: The master control terminal directly operates the virtual controlled terminal control program, and captures the operation command of the operator at
第十五步：通过网络通讯将操作命令向量Ct+1从主控端虚拟操作发送单元传送回被控端。Step 15: Send the operation command vector C t+1 from the virtual operation sending unit of the master control terminal back to the controlled terminal through network communication.
第十六步：被控端虚拟操作实现单元检查命令Ct+1的正确性和时效性。Step 16: The virtual operation realization unit of the controlled terminal checks the correctness and timeliness of the command C t+1 .
第十七步：转换Ct+1为控制程序Pk所能接收的指令序列，按先后顺序执行操作Ct+1。Step 17: Convert C t+1 into an instruction sequence that the control program P k can receive, and execute the operation C t+1 in sequence.
第十八步：检测是否继续监控，若继续监控则跳转至第六步。Step 18: Check whether to continue monitoring, if continue to monitor, jump to step 6.
第十九步：关闭操作。Step 19: Close the operation.
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| CN101193279B (en) * | 2006-11-22 | 2010-04-21 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | A monitoring and control system |
| JP4555324B2 (en) | 2007-09-21 | 2010-09-29 | シャープ株式会社 | Remote access system |
| DE102009028051B4 (en) * | 2009-07-28 | 2023-10-26 | Endress + Hauser Conducta Gesellschaft für Mess- und Regeltechnik mbH + Co. KG | System for operating a field device via a remote terminal |
| CN102546249B (en) * | 2011-12-31 | 2015-05-27 | 华为技术有限公司 | Method, device and system for realizing site opening |
| CN106292405B (en) * | 2015-06-01 | 2019-02-01 | 安顺市晶英科技研发有限责任公司 | A kind of tea picking machine group centralized control system |
| CN105141776A (en) * | 2015-09-14 | 2015-12-09 | 康佳集团股份有限公司 | Remote control debugging method and system based on Android equipment |
| JP6173500B1 (en) * | 2016-02-05 | 2017-08-02 | 三菱電機ビルテクノサービス株式会社 | Building equipment management system |
| CN107623742A (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2018-01-23 | 安徽联智创新软件有限公司 | Tele-control system based on operational order serializing |
| CN108255127B (en) * | 2018-01-09 | 2020-08-25 | 正知（上海）智能技术有限公司 | Industrial field remote monitoring management system and method based on industrial human-computer interface |
| CN109240239A (en) * | 2018-10-15 | 2019-01-18 | 福建睿能科技股份有限公司 | Weaving device remote operation method and weaving, remote agent and control equipment |
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