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CN100442723C - Apparatus for monitoring group broadcasting user and realizing method - Google Patents

Apparatus for monitoring group broadcasting user and realizing method Download PDF

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CN100442723C
CN100442723C CNB2005100801636A CN200510080163A CN100442723C CN 100442723 C CN100442723 C CN 100442723C CN B2005100801636 A CNB2005100801636 A CN B2005100801636A CN 200510080163 A CN200510080163 A CN 200510080163A CN 100442723 C CN100442723 C CN 100442723C
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multicast
information
leaving
joining
user
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CN1889472A (en
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王德义
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Abstract

A method for monitoring multicast user monitors related information of multicast join/ leave message to collect processing result information of said message and to record related information of monitored multicast message in order to let service provider obtain related information of multicast user join/ leave multicast set when multicast join/ leave message issued by multicast user is detected.

Description

Device for monitoring multicast user and implementing method
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of network communication technologies, and in particular, to a device for monitoring multicast users and an implementation method thereof.
Background
The IGMP protocol is a multicast management protocol of Internet, and its standards RFC1112(version 1), RFC2236(version 2) and RFC3376(version3 ). Through the protocol, the user can join the multicast group and receive the multicast data message from the multicast source.
IGMP networking has roughly two networking architectures, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, wherein: fig. 1 is a networking structure in which a multicast source and a multicast user are directly connected, and fig. 2 is a networking structure in which a multicast router exists between the multicast source and the multicast user.
In fig. 1 and fig. 2, the PC1, the PC2, and the PC3 may be computers or set-top boxes, and are all referred to as multicast users. Fig. 1 shows a case where a multicast source is directly connected to a multicast user, the multicast source and the multicast user are in the same subnet, and fig. 2 shows a case where a multicast router is used between the multicast source and the multicast user, the multicast source and the multicast user are not in the same subnet, but the multicast router and the multicast user are in the same subnet.
In fig. 1, the IGMP protocol runs between the multicast source and the multicast subscriber; in fig. 2, the IGMP Protocol runs between the Multicast router and the Multicast user, and the Multicast router and the Multicast source run a Multicast routing Protocol, such as a PIM (Protocol Independent Multicast) Protocol.
The working principle of the IGMP protocol is as follows:
when joining the multicast group, the multicast user sends IGMP report message to the subnet directly connected with the multicast user, the multicast source or the multicast router in the same subnet adds the multicast user into the user list according to the authorization condition, and sends multicast data message to the link receiving the report message. Thus, the multicast user can receive the multicast data message.
When leaving the multicast group, the multicast user sends IGMP leaving message to the subnet directly connected with the multicast user, the multicast source or the multicast router deletes the multicast user from the user list of the multicast user, and the multicast data message is not sent to the link where the user is located any more.
The multicast source or the multicast router sends IGMP inquiry messages to the subnets directly connected with the multicast source or the multicast router at regular time, and whether multicast users exist on a link is detected. If the multicast user wants to receive (or continue to receive) the multicast data message, an IGMP report message is responded; otherwise, the multicast user does not respond to the IGMP report message. If the multicast source or the multicast router finds that after a certain link passes the preset inquiry times, the multicast source or the multicast router still does not receive the responded IGMP report message, the multicast source or the multicast router determines that no multicast user exists on the link, and the multicast source or the multicast router stops sending the multicast data message to the link.
The above mentioned IGMP report message, IGMP leave message and IGMP query message are three protocol messages of the IGMP protocol, and these three messages are all multicast messages.
Fig. 1 and 2 are only models for the application of the IGMP protocol. In actual networking, many cases are: the multicast user is not directly connected with the multicast source and the multicast router, and a series of network devices are often arranged between the user and the multicast source and the multicast router. For example, as shown in fig. 3, fig. 3 shows a case where a network device exists between a multicast source (multicast router) and a multicast user.
The network device in fig. 3 is a three-layer device, where the three layers are network layers in the internet protocol model, the network layer is above a physical layer and a link layer, the lower two layers are referred to as link layers, a typical example of the network layer device is a router, and the three-layer device does not support a multicast routing protocol, and IGMP protocol messages sent by multicast users and multicast data messages sent by a multicast source (multicast router) are discarded by the network device by default. It should be noted that a layer two network device, such as a layer two ethernet switch, may forward a multicast packet, but some layer two devices still discard the multicast packet due to network security considerations or limitations of a layer two network mechanism.
In order to enable a multicast user to still normally join and leave a multicast group and normally receive a multicast data packet from a multicast source (multicast router) under the condition that a network device discards a multicast packet, the network device between the multicast source (multicast router) and the multicast user needs to support an IGMP Proxy function. The network device supporting the IGMP Proxy function is called IGMP Proxy device. When IGMPproxy equipment deletes a multicast user from a local multicast user list, if the IGMPproxy equipment finds that the user is the last user of a multicast group, IGMP Proxy equipment sends an IGMP leave message to a link where a multicast source (multicast router) is located.
Sometimes, a telecommunication provider needs to monitor the IGMP protocol interaction status of a multicast user in real time to know the online status of the multicast user or perform some statistical data, so that a device running the IGMP protocol needs to provide a tool for monitoring the multicast user.
The currently adopted method for monitoring multicast users is mainly realized by means of debugging commands and the like, and specifically, debugging information executed by programs in the process of adding and leaving multicast groups of multicast users is output, so that monitoring aiming at the multicast users is realized.
The debugging information is set for positioning faults and comprises a large amount of information irrelevant to the process of joining and leaving the multicast, such as information of program application resources, system operation information and the like. Therefore, the information of the join and leave process of the multicast user concerned by the telecom provider and the result thereof, which is relatively available from the debugging information, will be very little.
Moreover, the output of the debug information requires a special implementation method, such as providing external software, so that if the debug information cannot be provided without these means, the information related to the join and leave processes of the multicast user cannot be obtained.
In addition, the output debugging information generally has no fixed format, and the information content is basically unordered, that is, the information content output by the join and leave processes of the same multicast user is related to the program execution process, and different contents are output by different program execution processes, so that the invalid information is too much, and statistical data such as audience rating and the like cannot be acquired.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems in the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a device and an implementation method for monitoring multicast users, which can conveniently and accurately monitor related information in the process of multicast service development by multicast users required by a service provider for maintenance and management.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a device for monitoring multicast users, which comprises:
the monitoring module is used for monitoring information of multicast users joining or leaving a multicast group in the network according to the processing information of the IGMP multicast message captured by the multicast network access equipment by the multicast processing module, and sending the corresponding information to the monitoring information recording module; wherein, the multicast processing module specifically comprises: a user identification/authentication processing module and a user joining/leaving multicast group processing module; (ii) a
And the monitoring information recording module is used for recording the monitoring information recording module and recording the information of the multicast user joining or leaving the multicast group monitored and obtained by the monitoring module.
In the present invention,
the monitoring information recording module is arranged in local management and maintenance equipment or a maintenance terminal;
or,
the monitoring information recording module is arranged in a remote management maintenance device or a maintenance terminal;
or,
the monitoring information recording module is arranged in the maintenance multicast network access device and is connected with the remote management maintenance device or the maintenance terminal.
The invention also provides a method for realizing monitoring of multicast users, which comprises the following steps:
in the network, the multicast network access equipment captures an IGMP multicast message between a multicast user and a multicast router;
the multicast network access device identifies and authenticates the captured IGMP multicast message to obtain corresponding authentication result information;
the multicast network access device performs corresponding joining or leaving processing according to the authentication processing result to obtain a corresponding joining or leaving processing result;
the multicast network access device sends part of information in the authentication processing result information and the joining or leaving processing result to the maintenance terminal and/or the management maintenance device. .
The multicast network access device sending to the maintenance terminal and/or the management maintenance device comprises:
the multicast group information comprises multicast user information joining or leaving the multicast group, time joining or leaving the multicast group, joining or leaving multicast group information and/or processing result information aiming at multicast joining or leaving messages.
The method for realizing monitoring of multicast users comprises the following steps:
when monitoring a multicast join or leave message sent by a multicast user, recording the time for receiving the message as the time for joining or leaving the multicast group, recording the multicast user information for sending the message as the user information for joining or leaving the multicast group, and recording the multicast group information which is carried in the message and is required by the multicast user to join or leave.
The method for implementing monitoring of multicast users further comprises:
monitoring the processing result information of the multicast join or leave message sent by the multicast user, and recording the processing result information.
The processing result information comprises:
the information of success of joining or leaving the multicast group, the information of failure of joining or leaving the multicast group, and the information of reason of failure of joining or leaving the multicast group.
The method specifically comprises the following steps:
in the network, when monitoring a multicast joining or leaving message sent by a multicast user, identifying and authenticating the message, and after the message is processed, recording the time of joining or leaving the multicast group of the multicast user, the information of the multicast user and the information of the multicast group requesting to join or leave;
and adding or leaving the multicast group to the identified and authenticated message, and recording corresponding processing result information of adding or leaving the multicast group after the processing is finished.
The multicast network access device sends part of information in the authentication processing result information and the joining or leaving processing result to the maintenance terminal and/or the management maintenance device, and the multicast network access device further comprises:
the multicast network access device provides partial information in the authentication processing result information and the joining or leaving processing result to the maintenance terminal and/or the management maintenance device through a command line or a connection interface in real time or at regular time.
In the invention, the related information of the multicast message recorded by monitoring is carried in the message constructed based on any protocol running between the access equipment and the management and maintenance equipment, and is sent to the management and maintenance equipment.
It can be seen from the above technical solutions provided by the present invention that the present invention can monitor the dynamic flow of the multicast users in real time, and output information concerned by the service provider, such as which multicast user port, what operation is performed at what time, the multicast groups joined and left, and IGMP protocol version information (i.e. IGMPV1, IGMPV2, or IGMPV3) running on the user port, to the maintenance terminal or the management and maintenance device.
In addition, the invention can also simply position the reason of abnormal multicast leaving of the multicast user according to the information of real-time monitoring the multicast user joining the multicast group, such as the aging of the multicast user, indicating that the normal IGMP protocol message is not received, and the like.
Therefore, the realization of the invention enables the service provider to carry out audience rating statistics, hot spot channel statistics and the like according to the collected information.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a networking structure in which a multicast source is directly connected with a multicast user;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a networking structure when a multicast router exists between a multicast source and a multicast user;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a networking structure when network equipment exists between a multicast source and a multicast user;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the system of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a process flow diagram of the method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The core of the invention is that the process of joining and leaving the multicast group of the multicast user and the result information of joining and leaving the multicast group are monitored by providing an external command of an operation interface or an interface of a third-party device, thereby realizing the effective management and control of the multicast user.
The invention aims to monitor the relevant information of the multicast user in the process of developing the multicast service so as to maintain and manage the multicast user and the multicast network for the service provider. In order to monitor the corresponding information, the process of joining and leaving the multicast group by the multicast user needs to be monitored.
To facilitate understanding of the present invention, first, a description is given below of a process of joining and leaving a multicast group by a multicast user, where the corresponding processing process specifically includes the following steps:
the multicast user joining and leaving the multicast group is actually to operate an IGMP protocol with the router, for example, the multicast user joining the multicast group needs to report an IGMP report message (i.e., a multicast joining message, or referred to as an IGMP joining message), leaving the multicast group can actively report an IGMP leaving message (i.e., a multicast leaving message, or referred to as an IGMP leaving message), and the router can delete the user from the multicast group after reaching the aging time, thereby realizing the processing process that the multicast user leaves the multicast group;
the user may be unsuccessful when joining the multicast group, and reasons for the unsuccessful may include: the system has reached maximum capacity, the multicast group joined by the user has no authority or does not exist for the multicast user, the number of channels of the multicast user has reached maximum, and so on.
Based on the above processing procedure of the multicast group to which the multicast user joins or leaves, the following describes the apparatus for monitoring multicast users provided by the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The structure of the apparatus for monitoring multicast users of the present invention is shown in fig. 4, and specifically includes a monitoring module disposed in a multicast network access device, and a monitoring information recording module connected to the monitoring module, and the following will respectively describe specific implementations of the two modules:
a monitoring module: the multicast group joining/leaving information monitoring module is connected with a user identification/authentication processing module and a user joining/leaving multicast group processing module in the multicast network access equipment and used for monitoring the information of joining or leaving the multicast group of the multicast user in the network according to the processing information of the user identification/authentication processing module and the user joining/leaving multicast group processing module and sending the corresponding information to the monitoring information recording module;
monitoring information record module: the system is used for recording the information of the multicast user joining or leaving the multicast group monitored and obtained by the monitoring module.
In the device, the monitoring information recording module can be arranged in local management and maintenance equipment or a maintenance terminal, or can be arranged in remote management and maintenance equipment or a maintenance terminal; in addition, the monitoring information recording module can also be arranged in the maintenance multicast network access device, is connected with a remote management maintenance device or a maintenance terminal, and sends the recorded information to the remote management maintenance device or the maintenance terminal.
The invention realizes real-time dynamic tracking of the multicast user on-demand behavior by identifying the IGMP, rather than simple tracking of the IGMP content, thereby realizing the purpose of monitoring the business process of joining and leaving the multicast group of the multicast user.
The monitoring processing flow provided by the method mainly comprises the following working processes:
(1) when a multicast user joins a certain multicast group, the IGMP PROXY equipment system captures an IGMP joining message and sends the IGMP joining message to the multicast user identification/authentication processing submodule, the multicast user identification/authentication processing submodule transmits an authentication result to the monitoring module after processing is finished, and the monitoring module records the system time, multicast user information and ordered multicast group information at the moment;
then, entering a multicast user joining multicast group configuration submodule, joining the multicast user into a multicast group table, and recording the result of joining the multicast user into the multicast group by a monitoring module;
finally, when the IGMP join packet needs to be reported to the upper layer router, one IGMP join packet is reported to the upper layer router, and the monitoring module can record the system time of the multicast stream arrival at this time.
(2) When the multicast user leaves a certain multicast group, the IGMP PROXY equipment system captures an IGMP leave message and sends the IGMP leave message to the multicast user identification/authentication processing submodule, the multicast user identification/authentication processing submodule transmits an authentication result to the monitoring module after processing is finished, and the monitoring module records the system time, the multicast user information and the ordered multicast group information at the moment;
then, entering a multicast user leaving multicast group configuration submodule, deleting the multicast user from the multicast group table according to the requirement (whether the multicast user is deleted from the multicast group table or not and also determining the aging time of the multicast user), and recording the result of leaving the multicast group by the monitoring module at the moment;
finally, when the IGMP leave packet needs to be reported to the upper layer router, an IGMP leave packet is reported to the upper layer router, and the monitoring module can record the system time of the multicast stream arrival at this time.
In the processing procedures described in (1) and (2), the monitoring module may output information to the maintenance terminal or the management and maintenance device through the command line or the corresponding interface at each stage, or output information to the maintenance terminal or the management and maintenance device through the command line or the corresponding interface after the joining/leaving process of the multicast user is completed.
The monitoring module and the interface of the management and maintenance device are completed through a certain protocol, which may be an enterprise proprietary protocol or a standard protocol, such as SYSLOG, SNMP (simple network management protocol), TL1(Transaction lan 1, interactive voice), APP protocol, and so on. The monitoring module may bear the monitored multicast user information in a corresponding protocol packet and send the multicast user information to the management and maintenance device, and specifically, any protocol running between the monitoring module and the management and maintenance device may be used to construct a corresponding packet for transmitting the monitoring information.
The command interface between the monitoring module and the maintenance terminal is a program in a router device operated by IGMP multicast protocol or a DSL (digital subscriber line) access device operated by IGMP PROXY or IGMP SNOOPING (IGMP monitoring), and the monitoring module directly completes the process information of joining and leaving the multicast group of the monitored multicast user to the maintenance terminal through the command of the operation interface.
The above interface can be directed to all multicast users or a specific one of the multicast users, that is, the specified user can be monitored.
Fig. 4 and 5 show an implementation method for monitoring multicast users, which includes the following steps in a specific implementation process:
step 51: a user message capturing module in the multicast network access equipment captures a multicast message sent by a multicast user, and the multicast message can be a multicast adding message or a multicast leaving message;
step 52: the user message capturing module sends the captured message to the user identification/authentication processing module for identification and authentication processing, and obtains corresponding authentication processing result information, and then, respectively executes the step 53 and the step 54;
step 53: after the user identification/authentication processing module finishes processing the multicast message, sending part of information in the authentication processing result information to a monitoring module, and executing step 57;
that is, the interface between the multicast user and the monitoring module is called in the process flow of joining and leaving the multicast group, so as to send part of information in the authentication processing result to the monitoring module, where the part of information specifically includes: information of multicast users requesting to join or leave, information of multicast groups requesting to join or leave, time of joining the multicast groups, time of leaving the multicast groups and the like are sent to the monitoring module through corresponding interfaces;
step 54: sending the authentication processing result to a multicast group joining or leaving processing module of the user so as to facilitate corresponding joining or leaving processing;
step 55: the user joins or leaves the multicast group processing module to join or leave the message according to the authentication processing result to obtain the corresponding joining or leaving processing result;
step 56: sending the joining or leaving processing result information to the monitoring module through the corresponding interface, and executing step 57;
the processing result information comprises: information of successful or failed processing of joining the multicast group, information of reason of joining failure, and result information of leaving the multicast group;
and 57: the monitoring module sends the information obtained by the user identification and authentication processing module and the multicast group joining or leaving processing module to the maintenance terminal or the management maintenance device through a command line or an interface, so that the corresponding service provider can obtain the monitoring information aiming at the multicast user.
In the present invention, the monitoring information specifically includes: the multicast group information includes port information of multicast users, joining/leaving multicast group information (including group IP address, multicast source IP address, group name), joining/leaving time information of multicast group, joining/leaving success/failure information of multicast group (reasons of leaving failure include system processing error or system busy, etc.), authority (viewing, preview) information of multicast group by multicast users, IGMP protocol version information (such as IGMPV1, IGMPV2 or IGMPV3) running on user ports, and the like.
For example, the monitoring module obtains the monitoring information as follows: "1, 0/3/5, 224.1.1.1, WATCH, 2005-6-1818: 08:08, 2005-6-1818:50:06, CCTV-1, SUCC", then the meaning is: the serial number is 1, the user port information is 0/3/5, the multicast group IP address is 224.1.1.1, the permission is watching, the online time is 2005-6-1818: 08:08, the offline time is 2005-6-1818:50:06, the multicast group name is CCTV-1, and the authentication result is successful.
In summary, the present invention can obtain the information of interest to the service provider, such as which user port, what operation is performed at what time, the multicast groups joined and left, and the IGMP protocol version information running on the user ports (i.e. IGMPV1, IGMPV2 or IGMPV 3); and statistics of audience rating, statistics of hot channels and the like can be carried out according to the collected information.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (10)

1. An apparatus for monitoring multicast subscribers, comprising:
the monitoring module is used for monitoring information of multicast users joining or leaving a multicast group in the network according to the processing information of the IGMP multicast message captured by the multicast network access equipment by the multicast processing module, and sending the corresponding information to the monitoring information recording module; wherein, the multicast processing module specifically comprises: a user identification/authentication processing module and a user joining/leaving multicast group processing module;
and the monitoring information recording module is used for recording the information of the multicast user joining or leaving the multicast group monitored and obtained by the monitoring module.
2. The apparatus for monitoring multicast subscribers of claim 1, wherein:
the monitoring information recording module is arranged in local management and maintenance equipment or a maintenance terminal;
or,
the monitoring information recording module is arranged in a remote management maintenance device or a maintenance terminal;
or,
the monitoring information recording module is arranged in the maintenance multicast network access device and is connected with the remote management maintenance device or the maintenance terminal.
3. An implementation method for monitoring multicast users is characterized by comprising the following steps:
in the network, the multicast network access equipment captures an IGMP multicast message between a multicast user and a multicast router;
the multicast network access device identifies and authenticates the captured IGMP multicast message to obtain corresponding authentication result information;
the multicast network access device performs corresponding joining or leaving processing according to the authentication processing result to obtain a corresponding joining or leaving processing result;
the multicast network access device sends part of information in the authentication processing result information and the joining or leaving processing result to the maintenance terminal and/or the management maintenance device.
4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the information sent by the multicast network access device to the maintenance terminal and/or the management maintenance device includes:
the multicast group information comprises multicast user information joining or leaving the multicast group, time joining or leaving the multicast group, joining or leaving multicast group information and/or processing result information aiming at multicast joining or leaving messages.
5. The method of claim 3 or 4, wherein the method comprises:
when monitoring a multicast join or leave message sent by a multicast user, recording the time for receiving the message as the time for joining or leaving the multicast group, recording the multicast user information for sending the message as the user information for joining or leaving the multicast group, and recording the multicast group information which is carried in the message and is required by the multicast user to join or leave.
6. The method of claim 5, further comprising:
monitoring the processing result information of the multicast join or leave message sent by the multicast user, and recording the processing result information.
7. The method as claimed in claim 6, wherein the processing result information includes:
the information of success of joining or leaving the multicast group, the information of failure of joining or leaving the multicast group, and the information of reason of failure of joining or leaving the multicast group.
8. The method according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the method specifically comprises:
in the network, when monitoring a multicast joining or leaving message sent by a multicast user, identifying and authenticating the message, and after the message is processed, recording the time of joining or leaving the multicast group of the multicast user, the information of the multicast user and the information of the multicast group requesting to join or leave;
and adding or leaving the multicast group to the identified and authenticated message, and recording corresponding processing result information of adding or leaving the multicast group after the processing is finished.
9. The method according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the multicast network access device sends part of the authentication processing result information, and the join or leave processing result to the maintenance terminal and/or the management maintenance device specifically includes:
the multicast network access device provides partial information in the authentication processing result information and the joining or leaving processing result to the maintenance terminal and/or the management maintenance device through a command line or a connection interface in real time or at regular time.
10. The method according to claim 9, wherein the multicast message related information recorded in the monitoring is carried in a message constructed based on any protocol running between the access device and the management and maintenance device, and sent to the management and maintenance device.
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