CN100430144C - Powder Breaker - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention integrates the technologies of high-pressure airflow feeding, high-pressure acceleration and target-type wall-breaking, and develops a new powder wall-breaking equipment—powder wall-breaking machine, which can obtain ultra-fine crushing and wall-breaking under normal temperature process conditions. powder. It includes a suction chamber, a gas-material mixing chamber and a wall-breaking chamber 15, and is characterized in that an inclined target plate is set in the wall-breaking chamber. The design of the inclined target plate is conducive to the effective impact of the powder that needs to be pulverized and broken in the high-pressure airflow to the target body, so that the high-speed airflow will form a baffle when it hits the target plate, reducing the thickness of the hysteresis layer on the surface of the target plate. Under ultra-high pressure conditions, it can also achieve effective crushing and wall breaking of powders such as pollen and ganoderma lucidum spore powder, reducing the production cost of powder crushing and wall breaking.

Description

Powder Breaker

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of ultrafine powder. The invention proposes a device capable of superfinely pulverizing powder and achieving wall breaking.

Background technique

Powder wall breaking is the key technology to effectively extract the active ingredients in a single powder and improve the activity of the powder. Usually, the powder wall breaking is the same as the ultra-fine grinding, and the powder is crushed by physical methods, and the powder is crushed during the crushing process. Broken. The physical method is mainly based on the crushing method. The crushing method is a kind of borrowing various external forces, such as mechanical force, flow capacity, sound energy, etc., to act on the object to be crushed to crush the solid block and achieve a very fine The particle size and the purpose of breaking the wall. At present, in the industry, the most commonly used pulverizers in laboratories include ball mill pulverizers, high-speed rotary pulverizers, jet pulverizers, micro jet pulverizers, etc.

The ball mill pulverizer uses the mutual impact and grinding between the medium and the material to crush the material particles. Usually, the operation time of this kind of crushing equipment is long. Although continuous operation can also be carried out, and the particle size of the crushing can reach several μm, due to the direct and long-term impact and collision between the medium and the crushed material during the crushing process, the The purity of the crushed material is affected, especially the heat generated during the grinding process cannot be removed immediately, and a sudden increase in heat will affect heat-sensitive substances.

The high-speed rotary pulverizer is a device that uses high-speed rotation to pulverize the objects that need to be pulverized by grinding. Therefore, there are also some defects mentioned above.

Ultra-fine pulverization is the most widely used and most typical jet pulverization method. This technology uses the energy of high-speed airflow (300-500m/s) to make object particles collide with each other and be ultra-fine pulverized quickly. This technology can obtain a particle size of several μm, but the particle size distribution is wide, and particle size classification is required. However, for powders with certain toughness such as pollen and ganoderma lucidum spore powder, not only the effect of crushing is affected, but also it is more difficult to achieve the effect of breaking the wall. In the process, crushing is usually repeated many times, and crushing under freezing conditions is used. Due to the mechanism of jet milling that achieves crushing by collision in an instant, the process of repeating the process for many times determines that the effect of improving the crushing is limited, and it is also difficult to break the wall of the tough powder, which increases the energy consumption of the equipment and reduces the utilization efficiency . The pulverization under the freezing condition can improve the pulverization effect and the wall-breaking effect, but the technological process of the freezing condition increases the investment and operation cost of the production equipment.

The micro-jet crushing method is to use high-pressure liquid to accelerate through the injector to form a high-speed jet, which drives the solid particles to be crushed to move at high speed. The jet carrying the particles forms a high-pressure collision with the target plate or another jet in the opposite direction. Due to the strong The impact of the impact makes the solid material in it crushed. The advantage of this crushing method is that the crushed particle size is small and relatively uniform, but the disadvantage is that the high-pressure liquid is usually required to reach 200MPa, which brings great pressure on equipment manufacturing and production processes. In addition, due to the intervention of high-pressure liquid, the later separation is far more difficult than the separation using air as the medium, and affects the purity of the product. In addition, the design and installation of the target plate are at right angles to the high-speed jet, so that the stagnant layer formed between the high-speed jet and the target plate is not easy to spread, which affects the pulverizing effect of the micro jet pulverizer to a certain extent.

Contents of the invention

Aiming at the defects of the existing technology, the present invention integrates the technologies of high-pressure airflow feeding, high-pressure acceleration and target-type wall breaking, and develops a new powder breaking equipment-powder breaking machine, which can be used under normal temperature process conditions. Obtain ultra-fine crushed and broken powder.

The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

A powder wall-breaking machine, including a suction chamber 7, a gas-material mixing chamber 10, and a wall-breaking chamber 15, the corresponding shells are sequentially connected by flanges 17, 18, and a nozzle 5 with a high-pressure air inlet 4 is set In the suction chamber 7, a negative pressure feed pipe 8 and a negative pressure return pipe 9 are respectively provided on the upper and lower walls of the suction chamber 7 and extend out of the housing, and the chamber of the gas-material mixing chamber 10 communicated with the suction chamber 7 The wall is provided with a high-pressure acceleration tube 12, the gas nozzle 13 at the front end of the mixing chamber 10 communicates with the wall-breaking chamber 15, and a gas-material outlet 16 is provided above the wall-breaking chamber 15. An inclined target plate 14, the target plate 14 has an included angle α with the direction of the aerosol nozzle 13 along the cavity wall provided with the gas outlet 16 of the broken wall chamber 15, and α is 20°-40°.

The upper part of the suction chamber 7 of the powder wall breaking machine can be provided with a plurality of negative pressure feeding pipes 8 .

A pair of high-pressure accelerating tubes 12 are arranged on the upper and lower walls of the gas-substance mixing chamber 10 of the powder wall breaker, and the angle β between the high-pressure accelerating tubes 12 and the mixing chamber 10 wall is 45°-60°.

On the cavity wall of the gas-substance mixing chamber 10 of the powder wall breaking machine, there are more than one pair of high-pressure acceleration tubes 12 parallel to each other.

The gas nozzle 13 at the front end of the mixing chamber 10 of the powder wall breaker is a trumpet-shaped nozzle that gradually decreases in the radial direction of the nozzle.

The powder wall breaker of the present invention includes a high-pressure gas velocity (0.6MPa-2MPa) air inlet, and more than two corresponding feed ports, the powder that needs to be crushed and broken is sucked into the cavity with the high-pressure airflow. The suction chamber is connected with the mixing chamber. There are more than two high-pressure accelerating tubes on the wall of the mixing chamber. The introduction of the high-pressure accelerating tubes has an angle with the wall of the mixing chamber. The high-pressure gas coming in along the high-pressure gas velocity inlet and the powder that needs to be crushed and broken After the initial mixing of the body, the injection enters the direction of the mixing chamber, and the high-pressure gas (0.6MPa-2MPa) entering the high-pressure accelerating tube and the gas injected from the suction chamber are further fully mixed in the mixing chamber, and then pass through the mixing chamber to the The nozzle of the crushing chamber sprays at high speed onto the target plate installed obliquely in the crushing chamber. Because the design of the target plate is inclined, the airflow carrying the powder that needs to be crushed and broken walls collides with the inclined target plate at a very high speed. Just turn to the outlet end to carry out the subsequent collection process.

Beneficial effect

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has design advantages and beneficial effects as follows:

1. The design of the inclined target plate is conducive to the effective impact of the powder entrained in the high-pressure airflow that needs to be crushed and broken and the target body. At the same time, at the moment of impacting the target plate, the powder that has hit the target plate before and changed the flow direction Re-impact and rub, so that pollen, Ganoderma lucidum spore powder and other tough substances containing polysaccharides and saponins, and materials with a reinforced double-layer shell structure have enhanced crushing and wall-breaking effects, and improve the pollen and Ganoderma lucidum spore powder. The biological activity exerts a better curative effect; and the design of the slanted target plate makes the high-speed airflow form a baffle when it hits the target plate, which reduces the thickness of the hysteresis layer on the surface of the target plate, and can also achieve anti-pollen under non-ultra-high pressure conditions. , Ganoderma lucidum spore powder and other powders can be effectively crushed and wall-broken, which reduces the production cost of powder crushing and wall-breaking.

2. The design of more than two feed ports facilitates the control of the density and speed of the feed powder, and can realize that after the powder is crushed and broken, the powder returns to the breaker after passing through the usual classification and gas-solid separation. Carry out continuous cycle operation process;

3. The design and use of high-pressure accelerating tubes arranged in pairs at a certain angle is conducive to the increase of air velocity and the full mixing of high-pressure air and powder that needs to be crushed and broken.

4. The nozzle for spraying material from the mixing chamber to the wall-breaking chamber is trumpet-shaped, which is beneficial to...? .

Description of drawings:

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the powder wall breaking equipment

Among them: 1-suction chamber shell, 2-mixing chamber shell, 3-wall breaking chamber shell, 4-high pressure air inlet, 5-jet pipe, 6-jet port, 7-suction chamber, 8-negative pressure Feed pipe, 9-negative pressure return pipe, 10-gas mixing chamber, 11-high pressure secondary air inlet, 12-high pressure accelerating tube, 13-gas nozzle, 14-target plate, 15-broken wall Chamber, 16 gas outlet, 17, 18-connecting flange, 19-frame.

The present invention will be further elaborated below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Detailed ways

When the powder wall-breaking equipment designed by the present invention is in operation, the intake valve of the high-pressure gas is first opened, and the high-pressure gas enters the suction chamber 7 of the wall-breaking equipment cavity from the high-pressure gas inlet 4, and the powder that needs to be crushed and broken, Due to the negative pressure generated by the Venturi jet pipe 5 in the cavity suction chamber 7, the powder is sucked through more than two negative pressure feeds 8. At this time, as long as the regulating valve in front of the feed inlet is opened, the powder will be sucked into the cavity (Suction chamber 7), the powder suction chamber 7 is connected with the mixing chamber 10, a pair of high-pressure accelerating tubes 12 are arranged on the chamber wall of the mixing chamber 10, at this time, the high-pressure air inlet valve is opened, and the high-pressure air flow passes through the secondary high-pressure inlet 11 The high-pressure accelerating tube 12 enters the mixing chamber 10 at a high speed of 300--500m/s, and the gas injected from the gas injection port 6 of the powder suction chamber 7, entraining the powder that needs to be pulverized and wall-broken, enters the mixing chamber 10 Fully mixed, the accelerated and fully mixed high-speed airflow is jetted through the gas nozzle 13 and hits the inclined target plate 14 of the wall-breaking chamber 15 to realize the operation of crushing and wall-breaking;

When the high-speed airflow carrying the powder that needs to be pulverized and broken walls hits the inclined target plate 14 at high speed, due to the effect of the inclined installation of the inclined target plate 14 with a certain angle, refraction is formed, and under the joint action of the pressure drop at the outlet end , flows to the gas outlet 16 consistent with the refraction direction, and completes the whole process of crushing and wall breaking.

The material from the gas outlet 16 can enter the negative pressure return pipe 9 through the pipeline, and after entering the suction chamber, go through the above steps again for wall breaking and pulverization.

Example

Under the condition of normal temperature and working pressure of 0.85 MPa, the crushing and wall breaking experiment of Ganoderma lucidum spore powder was carried out by adopting the powder wall breaking machine of the present invention. The obtained final product is observed under a JSM-6360LV scanning electron microscope, and its wall breaking rate reaches 98%.

Claims (4)

1, a kind of powder wall-breaking machine, comprise suction chamber (7), gas thing mixing chamber (10) and broken wall chamber (15), the respective housings of above-mentioned three chambers is by flange (17,18) order links to each other, a jet pipe (5) that has high pressure admission mouth (4) is arranged in the suction chamber (7), on the wall of suction chamber (7) chamber, under be respectively equipped with negative pressure feed pipe (8) and negative pressure feed back pipe (9) and negative pressure feed pipe (8) and negative pressure feed back pipe (9) and all stretch out its housing, the chamber wall of the gas thing mixing chamber (10) that is connected with suction chamber (7) is provided with high pressure accelerating tube (12), the gas thing jet pipe (13) of mixing chamber (10) front end is connected with broken wall chamber (15), top, broken wall chamber (15) is provided with gas thing outlet (16), it is characterized in that, be provided with the target plate (14) of an inclination in the broken wall chamber (15), this target plate (14) has an angle α with the chamber wall that is provided with gas thing outlet (16) of broken wall chamber (15) along gas thing jet pipe (13) direction, and α is 20 °～40 °.

2, powder wall-breaking machine as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the suction chamber of described powder wall-breaking machine (7) top is provided with a plurality of negative pressure feed pipes (8).

3, powder wall-breaking machine as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the chamber wall of the gas thing mixing chamber (10) of described powder wall-breaking machine is corresponding up and down to be provided with the high pressure accelerating tube (12) that is parallel to each other more than a pair of, and high pressure accelerating tube (12) is 45 °～60 ° with the angle β of mixing chamber (10) chamber wall.

4, powder wall-breaking machine as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the gas thing jet pipe (13) of the mixing chamber of described powder wall-breaking machine (10) front end, the tubaeform jet pipe that reduces gradually to the spout place for caliber.