CN100430031C - Binocular stereo vision high-order aberration correction visual simulation system - Google Patents

Abstract

The binocular stereo high-order aberration correction vision simulation system consists of two sets of adaptive optical beacons (1), beam expander system (2), mirrors (3), beam splitters (4), mirrors (5), Human eye (6), beam matching telescope (7), wavefront corrector (8), mirror (9), beam matching telescope (10), beam splitter (11), Hartmann wavefront sensor (12) , a computer (13), a high-voltage amplifier (14), a mirror (15), an imaging optical system (16), a visual discrimination rate display (17) and a computer (18). The invention enables patients to feel the binocular stereoscopic vision effect after surgery or after high-order aberration correction through the instrument during the formulation of surgical plans or personalized contact lenses, so that patients and doctors can discuss surgical plans or design plans together It becomes possible, or realize the modification and optimization of parameters before the production of personalized contact lenses, and at the same time establish the relationship between objective measurement data and visual subjective experience, making it possible to optimize the irreversible surgical plan before operation.

Description

Binocular stereo vision high-order aberration correction visual simulation system

Technical field

The invention relates to a binocular stereo vision high-order aberration correction visual simulation system, which is a simulation system used for the simulation of high-order aberrations of human eyes before surgical correction, or before the configuration of personalized high-order aberration contact lenses of human eyes. Optical instrument for stereoscopic vision effect after human eye operation or contact lens configuration.

Background technique

Since the former Soviet scientists invented Radial Keratotomy (RK) to correct vision in the 1970s, with the advancement of laser technology and photoelectric technology, excimer laser corneal ablation (Photorefractive Keratotomy-RK) appeared in the 1990s. , the excimer laser in situ keratomileusis (Laser in SituKeratomileusis-LASIK) developed in the late 1990s, these technologies have developed into outpatient surgery in recent years. These operations use a scalpel, laser to cut corneal tissue, and change the curvature of the corneal surface to refocus parallel light rays on the retina, thereby achieving the purpose of refractive correction.

With the emergence of accurate measurement technology of human eye wave aberration, wave aberration-guided "personalized" corneal refractive surgery has become possible. The so-called wavefront aberration-guided personalized corneal cutting refers to measuring the wavefront aberration of the patient's eye with a wavefront aberration meter. The data is calculated by a computer to formulate a surgical plan that needs to be corrected. The scanning laser system performs the surgery. That is to say, according to the unique optical characteristics and anatomical characteristics of different individuals, through various wave aberrations, such as spherical aberration, astigmatism, coma and aspheric error cutting, correct the wave aberration of individual human eyes and reduce the high-order damage caused by surgery. Aberrations, thereby improving the imaging quality of the human retina. This method can theoretically enable patients to get better "supernormal vision" than normal people.

The David Williams laboratory has done corresponding research experiments on correcting higher-order aberrations of the human eye, and proved that correcting higher-order aberrations can help improve the subjective image quality of the human eye. The main feature of this experimental system is that the aberrations of the human eye The measurement adopts the Hartmann-Shack wavefront sensor with microlens structure ("VisualPerformance after correcting the monochromatic and chromaticaberrations of the eye" Geun-Young Yoon and David R.Williams, J.Opt.Soc.Am.A/Vol.19 , No.2/February).

In practical application, personalized LASI K surgery still has the following problems:

(1) The operation is irreversible. The postoperative cornea is very thin. Even if the postoperative residual aberration is accurately measured, it cannot be corrected by reoperation;

(2) The difference between objective personalization and visual subjective feeling. The formulation of the surgical cutting plan is completely based on the physical aberration measurement data, but the aberration has dual effects on the imaging quality, especially the subjective perception of human vision. Sometimes even if all the aberrations are eliminated through surgery, the patient's subjective feeling may not be the best, and the patient's most satisfactory visual effect may not be achieved; however, properly retaining some aberrations can help improve the patient's subjective feeling and comfort, or have Help to improve some specific visual function;

(3) Factors such as cutting precision, off-center cutting and automatic healing function of corneal tissue wounds in LASIK surgery make the postoperative effect have a certain degree of unpredictability and uncertainty.

Therefore, in the process of formulating the surgical plan, how to consider the elimination of aberrations, which aberrations should be eliminated, to what extent the aberrations should be eliminated, how to consider surgical cutting errors, center deviation errors, how to establish objective aberration compensation and subjective feelings of patients There is a need for a tool to help simulate the implementation results of the surgical plan in advance, so as to reduce the risk and achieve the expected surgical effect.

In addition, to configure personalized high-order aberration contact lenses for the human eye, it is necessary to measure the wavefront aberration of the patient's eye with a wavefront aberration meter in advance. Personalized contact lenses are produced through etching and exposure procedures. The production cost of this process is much higher than that of ordinary glasses. If the design of glasses can be simulated in advance so that patients can experience the subjective correction effect on human eyes, it will help improve the success rate of production and reduce costs.

In addition to the above-mentioned application purposes, the objective evaluation of a patient's visual function also needs to satisfy the stereoscopic function of both eyes, and the visual effect of one eye cannot fully represent the subjective visual effect of the human eye.

Contents of the invention

The technical solution of the present invention is to provide a binocular stereo vision high-order aberration correction visual simulation system, so that patients can feel the postoperative or high The binocular stereoscopic vision effect after order aberration correction makes it possible for patients and doctors to discuss surgical plans or design plans together, or realize parameter modification and optimization before making personalized contact lenses. Doctors can also use this instrument to simulate the impact of various errors in surgery on patients' postoperative vision to optimize surgical parameters, and at the same time establish the relationship between objective measurement data and visual subjective feelings, making irreversible preoperative optimization of surgical plans possible. .

The technical solution of the present invention is: binocular high-order aberration correction visual simulation system, which is characterized in that: binocular stereo vision high-order aberration correction visual simulation system, is characterized in that: it consists of adaptive optical beacon 1, beam expander system 2. The first mirror 3, the first beam splitter mirror 4, the second mirror 5, the first beam matching telescope 7, the wavefront corrector 8, the third mirror 9, the second beam matching telescope 10, the second beam splitter Beam mirror 11, Hartmann wavefront sensor 12, computer 13, high-voltage amplifier 14, fourth mirror 15, imaging optical system 16, two sets of visual discrimination rate display 17 and one set of computer system 18; The light emitted by the optical beacon 1 is respectively expanded by the beam expander system 2, and reflected into the pupil of the human eye 6 by the first reflector 3, the first beam splitter 4 and the second reflector 5; The light is respectively reflected by the second reflector 5 and the first beam splitter 4, enters the first beam matching telescope 7, is reflected by the wavefront corrector 8 and the third reflector 9, passes through the second beam matching telescope 10, and reaches The second beam splitter 11 is reflected into the Hartmann wavefront sensor 12, and the Hartmann wavefront sensor 12 sends the measured error signals to the computer 13 for processing into the respective wave aberrations of both eyes; the doctor formulates according to the wave aberration data For the operation plan, input the LASIK operation plan or the design plan data of personalized contact lenses into the computer 13, and the computer 13 processes these data into control signals, and the control signals are respectively sent to the high-voltage amplifier 14 for amplification, and then respectively applied to the wavefront corrector 8, The correction amount of binocular wave aberration after operation or contact lens configuration is respectively generated by the wavefront corrector 8, so as to simulate and correct the wave aberration of the human eye. signal, two visual discrimination rate displays 17 start working at the same time, and the light sent by the visual discrimination rate display 17 passes through the imaging optical system 16, the fourth reflector 15, the second beam splitter 11, the second light beam matching telescope 10, the second beam splitter respectively. Three mirrors 9, a wavefront corrector 8, and the first light beam matching telescope 7 enter the human eye 6. At this time, the patient's eyes watch the various patterns that produce three-dimensional effects generated on the discrimination rate display, and truly experience the post-LASIK operation or individuality. Optimizing the visual experience after contact lens configuration.

Wherein the adaptive optics beacon 1 can be a laser, a semiconductor laser and a superfluorescent radiation semiconductor device; the wavefront corrector 8 can be a deformable reflector, a liquid crystal wavefront corrector, a micromechanical deformable mirror and a double piezoelectric ceramic deformable mirror; ha The Terman wavefront sensor 12 is a Hartmann wavefront sensor based on a microprism array (Chinese patent application numbers 03126431.X, 03126430.1 and 200310100168.1), the new Hartmann wavefront sensor is based on a two-dimensional zigzag phase grating array and The Fourier lens combination replaces the previous microlens array to realize the uniform division of the beam aperture, and the CCD positioned at the focal plane of the Fourier lens performs photoelectric detection to realize the wavefront measurement function; the visual discrimination rate display 17 can be a commercial projector, a color liquid crystal display, a plasma Stereoscopic display, electroluminescent display and organic light-emitting display; eliminating the stray light of the human cornea can use the principle of confocal imaging, and the confocal filter aperture 19 is placed on the field of view diaphragm surface or the field of view diaphragm real image surface of the imaging system , for example, at the common focal point of the two groups of lenses of the first beam matching telescope 7 or the second beam matching telescope 10, so that only the reflected light of the fundus can pass through the diaphragm, thereby eliminating stray light; or adopting the method of off-axis illumination; Alternatively, a polarized light source is used for illumination, the reflected light of the fundus is depolarized, and the scattered light of the cornea is not depolarized, and the corneal stray light is filtered out by detecting different polarization states through the analyzer.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention proposes for the first time to apply binocular high-order aberration correction to the simulation judgment of the patient's subjective stereoscopic vision effect before LASI K surgery or contact lens configuration, and provide respective high-order aberration correction for both eyes of the patient. At the same time, various patterns that produce stereoscopic effects are generated on the discrimination monitor, so that patients can truly experience the stereoscopic vision after LASIK surgery or personalized contact lens configuration. Moreover, the wavefront sensor is a Hartmann wavefront sensor based on a microprism array, which has a simple and stable structure and is easy to implement. Compared with the existing Hartmann sensor technology based on a microlens array, it can simplify installation , Adjustment, and reduce production costs.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the block diagram of composition structure principle of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the Hartmann wavefront sensor in the present invention.

Detailed ways

As shown in Figure 1, the present invention consists of an adaptive optical beacon 1, a beam expander system 2, a first reflector 3, a first beam splitter 4, a second reflector 5, a first beam matching telescope 7, and a wavefront correction 8, the third reflector 9, the second beam matching telescope 10, the second beam splitter 11, the Hartmann wavefront sensor 12, the computer 13, the high voltage amplifier 14, the fourth reflector 15, the imaging optical system 16, the vision Two sets of discrimination rate displays 17 and one set of computer systems 18 are formed. The light emitted by the two adaptive optical beacons 1 is respectively expanded by the beam expander system 2, and reflected into the pupil 6 of the human eye by the first reflector 3, the first beam splitter 4 and the second reflector 5; The light reflected respectively is reflected by the second reflector 5 and the first beam splitter 4 respectively, and enters the first beam matching telescope 7 (according to the principle of confocal imaging, the confocal filter aperture 19 is placed in the field of view diaphragm of the imaging system The real image surface or field diaphragm, such as the confocal filter diaphragm 19 at the common focal point of the two groups of lenses of the first beam matching telescope 7 or the second beam matching telescope 10, only allows the reflected light of the fundus to pass through, thereby eliminating Stray light), then reflected by the wavefront corrector 8 and the third mirror 9, through the second beam matching telescope 10, to the second beam splitter 11 reflected into the Hartmann wavefront sensor 12 based on the microprism array, the sensor 12 respectively send the measured error signals to the computer 13 for processing into the respective wave aberrations of the two eyes.

As shown in Figure 2, the Hartmann wavefront sensor 12 based on the microprism array consists of a microprism array 12-1 of a two-dimensional zigzag phase grating array structure, a Fourier lens 12-2 and a CCD 12-3 positioned at the focal plane of the lens After the incident light beam passes through the microprism array 12-1, the light beams of each sub-aperture respectively produce corresponding phase changes, pass through the Fourier lens 12-2 next to it, and the CCD 12-3 located on the focal plane of the Fourier lens Detecting its light intensity distribution, the light intensity distribution contains the phase information generated by the two-dimensional zigzag phase grating array 12-1, and the phase changes produced by each sub-aperture are different, thus forming a Spot array, the entire beam aperture is evenly divided. The spot array generated by standard plane wave incidence is saved in advance as calibration data. When a wavefront with a certain aberration is incident, each local inclined plane wave produces a new additional phase to the two-dimensional sawtooth phase grating in its sub-aperture, and the phase change will be reflected in the spot position shift of the focal plane of the Fourier lens 12-2 superior.

The light spot signal received by CCD 12-3 can be processed by computer, using the centroid algorithm: calculate the position ( _xi , y _i ) of the light spot by the formula ①, and detect the wave surface error information of the full aperture:

$x_i=\frac{\underset{m=1}{\overset{m}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}\underset{\mathrm{no}=1}{\overset{N}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{x}_{\mathrm{nm}}{I}_{\mathrm{nm}}}{\underset{m=1}{\overset{m}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}\underset{\mathrm{no}=1}{\overset{N}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{I}_{\mathrm{nm}}},$ ${\mathrm{the\; y}}_i=\frac{\underset{m=1}{\overset{m}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}\underset{\mathrm{no}=1}{\overset{N}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{\mathrm{the\; y}}_{\mathrm{nm}}{I}_{\mathrm{nm}}}{\underset{m=1}{\overset{m}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}\underset{\mathrm{no}=1}{\overset{N}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{I}_{\mathrm{nm}}}$ ①

In the formula, m=1～M, n=1～N is that the sub-aperture is mapped to the corresponding pixel area on the CCD 12-3 photosensitive target surface, and _{1 nm} is the (n, m)th on the CCD 12-3 photosensitive target surface The signal received by the pixel, x _nm and y _nm are the x coordinate and y coordinate of the (n, m)th pixel respectively.

Then calculate the wavefront slope g _xi , g _yi of the incident wavefront according to formula ②:

$g_{\mathrm{xi}}=\frac{\mathrm{\Δx}}{\mathrm{\λf}}=\frac{x_i-x_o}{\mathrm{\λf}},$ $g_{\mathrm{yi}}=\frac{\mathrm{\Δy}}{\mathrm{\λf}}=\frac{{\mathrm{the\; y}}_i-{\mathrm{the\; y}}_o}{\mathrm{\λ\; f}}$ ②

In the formula, (x ₀ , y ₀ ) is the reference position of the center of the spot obtained by standard plane wave calibration of the Hartmann sensor; when the Hartmann sensor detects wavefront distortion, the center of the spot is shifted to ( _xi , y _i ), completing the Hartmann sensor Signal detection by a Terman wavefront sensor.

The use process of the present invention is:

(1) The doctor formulates the operation plan according to the wave aberration data, and inputs the data of the LASIK operation plan or the design plan data of the personalized contact lens into the computer 13, and the computer processes these data into control signals, and the control signals are respectively sent to two high-voltage amplifiers 14 for amplification. , are respectively applied to the wavefront corrector 8, and the wavefront corrector respectively generates the correction amount of wave aberration of binocular after operation or contact lens configuration, so as to simulate and correct the wave aberration of human eye.

(2) binocular wave aberration is corrected, computer 18 provides the control signal that can produce binocular stereo vision, two visual discrimination rate displays 17 start working simultaneously, the light that visual discrimination rate display sends, respectively through imaging optical system 16, the first Four mirrors 15 , the second beam splitter 11 , the second beam matching telescope 10 , the third mirror 9 , the wavefront corrector 8 , and the first beam matching telescope 7 enter the human eye 6 . At this time, the patient watches the various patterns that produce three-dimensional effects generated on the discrimination monitor with both eyes, and truly experiences the visual experience after the LASIK operation or after the configuration of the personalized contact lens.

(3) According to the patient's visual experience, the doctor can adjust the LASIK operation plan or the personalized contact lens wave aberration correction plan, and these adjustments will be reproduced by the human eye high-order aberration correction visual simulation system, and the above steps 1 and 2 will be repeated until Patients have the best visual experience, thus solving a series of irreversible problems caused by LASIK surgery.

(4) Doctors can use this system to reproduce various wave aberrations caused by factors such as cutting accuracy, off-center cutting and automatic healing function of corneal tissue wounds in LASIK surgery, repeating the above (1), (2) and (3) Steps, through the patient's real visual experience, optimize the surgical plan and achieve the best surgical effect.

Claims (6)

1, binocular stereopsis correction for higher order aberrations visual simulation system is characterized in that: it is by adaptive optics beacon (1), beam-expanding system (2), first reflecting mirror (3), first beam splitter (4), second reflecting mirror (5), the first Beam matching telescope (7), wave-front corrector (8), the 3rd reflecting mirror (9), the second Beam matching telescope (10), second beam splitter (11), Hartmann wave front sensor (12), computer (13), high-voltage amplifier (14), the 4th reflecting mirror (15), imaging optical system (16), each two cover of vision detectability display (17) and a cover computer system (18) are formed; The light that two bundle adaptive optics beacons (1) send, each free beam-expanding system (2) expands bundle, reflects into human eye (6) pupil through first reflecting mirror (3), first beam splitter (4) and second reflecting mirror (5); The light that human eye (6) optical fundus is reflected separately, respectively through second reflecting mirror (5) and first beam splitter (4) reflection, enter the first Beam matching telescope (7), again through wave-front corrector (8) and the 3rd reflecting mirror (9) reflection, by the second Beam matching telescope (10), enter Hartmann wave front sensor (12) to second beam splitter (11) reflection, Hartmann wave front sensor (12) is delivered to the error signal that records computer (13) respectively and is processed into eyes wave aberration separately; The doctor formulates operation plan according to the wave aberration data, design prediction scheme data input computer (13) with lasik surgery prediction scheme or individualized contact lenses, computer (13) becomes control signal with these date processing, after control signal send high-voltage amplifier (14) to amplify respectively, be applied to separately on the wave-front corrector (8), generate eyes wave aberration correct amount after the configuration of postoperative or contact lens respectively by wave-front corrector (8), thereby aberration of human eye is corrected in simulation, the eyes wave aberration is corrected and is finished, computer system (18) provides the control signal that can produce binocular stereo vision, two vision detectability display (17) are started working simultaneously, the light that vision detectability display (17) sends, respectively through imaging optical system (16), the 4th reflecting mirror (15), second beam splitter (11), the second Beam matching telescope (10), the 3rd reflecting mirror (9), wave-front corrector (8), the first Beam matching telescope (7), enter human eye (6), this moment, patient eyes were watched the pattern of the various generation stereoeffects that generate on the detectability display, experience behind the lasik surgery truly or the individualized contact lenses configuration after visual experience; Described Hartmann wave front sensor (12) is based on the Hartmann wave front sensor of microprism array, and it is made up of the microprism array (12-1) of two-dimentional sawtooth shaped phase grating array structure, the photodetector (12-3) being close to fourier transform lens (12-2) thereafter and being positioned at fourier transform lens (12-2) focal plane.

2, binocular stereopsis correction for higher order aberrations visual simulation according to claim 1 system is characterized in that described wave-front corrector (8) is a deformation reflection mirror, or the liquid crystal wave-front corrector, or the micromechanics distorting lens, or the double piezoelectric ceramic distorting lens.

3, binocular stereopsis correction for higher order aberrations visual simulation according to claim 1 system is characterized in that vision detectability display (17) is business projector or colour liquid crystal display device or plasma scope or electroluminescent display or OLED.

4, binocular stereopsis correction for higher order aberrations visual simulation according to claim 1 system is characterized in that: also be added with confocal filtering aperture (19) at system's field stop face or field stop real image face.

5, binocular stereopsis correction for higher order aberrations visual simulation according to claim 4 system is characterized in that: described confocal filtering aperture (19) places preceding group and group lens public focus place, back of the first Beam matching telescope (7) or the second Beam matching telescope (10).

6, binocular stereopsis correction for higher order aberrations visual simulation according to claim 1 system, it is characterized in that: described adaptive optics beacon (1) is laser instrument or semiconductor laser or superfluorescence radiation-emitting semi-conductor device.

Images