CN100423497C - Address determination method and its nodes in the network - Google Patents

Abstract

A method for determining an address in a network and a node thereof, wherein a new node multicasts an initialization information packet of either a full node response request or only a server response request in a subnet through a preset network application mode, said The new node is an initialization response packet. If there is a response packet from the server, the lower layer address included therein is used as the lower layer address of the inherent node. If there is no response from the server, an error stop is performed according to the network application mode. Alternatively, one unused numerical value is selected as the lower layer address of the specific node based on the existing lower layer address included in each initialization response packet returned from one or more activated nodes. Therefore, when determining addresses necessary for network initial setting according to the scale of the network and the allowable amount of transmission, there is no significant difference in the processing method whether there is a server or not, and the addresses can be determined in a simple manner.

Description

Address determination method and its nodes in the network

technical field

The invention relates to an address determination method and its nodes in the network.

Background technique

In the traditional IP network, the address necessary for the initial setting of the network is determined according to the scale of the network and the allowable amount of transmission, but in the DHCP server (dynamic host configuration protocol server: dynamic Host Configuration Protocol server) and AutoIP (Auto internet protocol: Auto Internet Protocol), etc., depending on the presence or absence of a server, the address determination method is greatly different, so there is a problem of complicated assembly. Also, when there is a server in the subnet, the server itself may malfunction, or communication with the server may be temporarily interrupted. When operating in a distributed manner, there is a problem of assigning addresses regardless of the existence of the server.

Also, there is a problem that a lot of time is required to determine an address in a conventional IP network.

The object of the present invention is to provide a method for determining the address necessary for the initial setting of the network in accordance with the scale of the network and the allowable amount of transmission, regardless of whether there is a server or not, so that there is no large difference in the processing method, and the address can be determined in a simple manner. The address determination method and its nodes in the network.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a method that can solve the problem of ignoring the existence of the server and assigning addresses in the traditional technology when the server in the subnet itself is abnormal or the communication with the server is temporarily interrupted. An address determination method in a network and a node thereof for shortening the time required for address determination.

Contents of the invention

The address determination method in the network of the first technical solution of the present invention is characterized in that when a new node newly joins the network, the initialization information packet of the full node response request is multicast in each sub-network, and if the new node receives a message from The initialization response packet of the server is used as a response to the initialization packet, and the assigned lower layer address included in the initialization response packet is determined as the lower layer address of the own node, and if there is no response from the server, the response to the initialization packet , and receive the initialization response packets returned from one or more activated nodes respectively, according to the existing lower layer address information contained in the initialization response packets returned from the activated nodes respectively , select one unused value as the lower layer address of its own node.

The second technical solution of the present invention is in the network address determination method of the above-mentioned first technical solution, wherein the initialization information packet includes at least a receiving address, a unique address, a packet type, a unique hardware address, and a temporary subordinate The layer address, in the receiving address, specifies the multicast receiving address in the subnet, and identifies the network application mode by information packet type or additional bits.

The third technical solution of the present invention is in the address determination method of the network of the above-mentioned first or second technical solution, wherein the initialization response information packet includes a receiving address, a unique address, a packet type, and a unique hardware address , a lower layer address or a unique lower layer address, and a code indicating whether or not the server responds, and the address of the transmission source of the initialization packet is specified in the destination address.

The 4th technical solution of the present invention is in the address determination method of the network of the above-mentioned 1st to the 2nd technical solution, it is characterized in that, described network is that one master sequentially visits a plurality of slaves and conducts a process with a specific slave. In the network of the master/slave system of packet exchange, the reserved value of the lower layer address is determined by the slave node that should be the server in the subnet, and the master node generates and includes the hardware address of each slave node before the address acquisition operation. , the lower layer address, and the database of the slave management number. When receiving the initialization packet from a new slave node, the slave management number corresponding to the lower layer address set as the reservation value is transmitted to the slave node address, and the The initialization response packet is returned to the slave node of the transmission source of the initialization packet.

The 5th technical solution of the present invention is in the address determination method of the network of the above-mentioned 1st to 2nd technical solution, it is characterized in that, described network is CSMA/CD mode (carrier sense multiple access with collision detection: carrier sense multiple access access/conflict detection) network, in the lower layer address value of the server node, set the minimum value of the settable range of the address value as the reserved address, and receive the existing address of the initialization packet from the new node After receiving the initialization packet, the activated node transmits an initialization response packet corresponding to the initialization packet after a predetermined time proportional to the lower layer address value of the node is held.

The 6th technical solution of the present invention is in the address determination method of the network of the above-mentioned 5th technical solution, it is characterized in that, each node obtains each activity bit and hardware address of other nodes from the content of the received information packet Composition of combination elements, hold the management table created after clearing the value when the original node is restarted, add the activity bit to the initialization response packet, and send it to the new node address as the lower layer address already used send a letter.

The address determination method in the network of the first technical solution of the present invention is characterized in that, when a new node newly joins the network, the initialization information packet of the full node response request or only the server response request is multicast in the preset mode. In each subnetwork, when only the server response request is made as an initialization packet, as a response to the initialization packet, if the new node receives an initialization response packet from the server as an initialization response packet, it will include in The assigned lower layer address in the initialization response packet is determined as the lower layer address of the own node, and if the initialization response packet is not received from the server, the failure stops, and when a full node response request is made as the initialization packet, the If the new node receives an initialization response packet from the server as a response to the initialization packet, it determines the assigned lower layer address included in the initialization response packet as the lower layer address of its own node. The response of the server is the response to the initialization information packet, and when receiving the initialization response information packet returned from one or more started nodes respectively, according to the initialization response information package returned from the started node respectively contains The existing lower layer address information, and select one unused value as the lower layer address of its own node.

Like this, when newly entering the sub-network with the node of the present invention, if there is a server network in the sub-network, then obtain the lower layer address from its server, if there is no server network in the sub-network, then you can not communicate with other users. The lower-layer address conflicting address returned by the node is determined autonomously as an inherent lower-layer address.

In summary, with the present invention, the method of determining the lower layer address required for network initial setting is based on the scale of the network, and only by changing the partial code number of the initialization packet to set the network application mode, it can be compared with the server method, Any of the distributed methods can easily correspond, and the time required for address determination can be shortened.

A brief description of the drawings

Figure 1 shows the layout of the master/slave network.

Fig. 2 is the layout of the network of CSMA/CD way.

Fig. 3 is a protocol stack diagram of a node according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a node according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a structural diagram of the packet A of the above-mentioned embodiment.

Fig. 6 is a structural diagram of the packet B of the above-mentioned embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a structural diagram of the packet C of the above-mentioned embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a structural diagram of the packet D of the above-mentioned embodiment.

FIG. 9 is a structural diagram of the packet E of the above-mentioned embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the structure of the packet F of the above-mentioned embodiment.

FIG. 11 is a flowchart of the determination of the lower layer address in the server mode (SR mode) of the above-mentioned embodiment.

Fig. 12 is a flowchart of the determination of the lower layer address in the distributed method (A mode) of the above-mentioned embodiment.

Fig. 13 is a timing chart of packet transmission and reception in the master/slave mode.

FIG. 14 is a timing chart of packet transmission and reception in the CSMA/CD method.

FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram of a slave management table holding a master node.

Fig. 16 is an explanatory diagram of a management table holding other node activity bits of each node used in the third embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 17 is a diagram showing the structure of a packet B used in the third embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

An embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In the network system, there are two ways for the only server that exists in the subnetwork: the way of allocating and managing the addresses of all nodes in the subnetwork (server way) and the way of serverless, where each node independently determines the inherent address (distributed way).

The address determination method in the network of this embodiment is characterized in that the server method and the distributed method include a method of determining a lower layer address unique to a new node and a method of shortening the time required to determine a lower layer address as much as possible. In addition, the so-called lower layer address refers to the address that should be kept in the lower layer L3 of the protocol stack shown in FIG. kind of address. Also, the upper address is uniquely determined by the lower layer address, and will not be described in detail here. Before the lower layer address acquisition operation, the acquisition of the unique IP address in the subnet is completed, and the completion of the acquisition is used as a trigger to move to the lower layer address acquisition operation. In addition, the hardware address is previously set to a unique value for each transmission medium at the time of manufacture.

As shown in FIG. 4, each node 100 including the server is composed of a transmission medium for digital signal transmission, a modulation and mediation circuit 1, a microcomputer 2 controlled by program execution address allocation, management, and other predetermined calculations, and a non-volatile memory. EPROM (Erasable Read Only Memory) 3, ROM (Read Only Memory) 4, and RAM (Random Access Memory) 5 elements. And determined by the software program execution address.

5 to 10 show packets for transferring data between nodes in the network. Here, the term "proprietary" in the figure means a node (including a server node) that transmits the packet, and elements of each packet are represented by bits in 1-byte units.

When a new node appears, an initialization packet is output from the lower layer L3 shown in FIG. 3 . As shown in FIG. 5, the initializing packet A is composed of elements of a destination address A1, a unique address A2, a packet type A3, a response type A4, a unique hardware address A5, and a temporary lower layer address A6. Wherein, as the receiving address A1, an IP multicast receiving address is written in the subnet; as the specific address A2, a specific IP address is written. And, according to the following two occasions, that is, there is a writing of packet type A3 but no writing of response type A4, or there are writing occasions of both packet type A3 and response type A4, to identify whether the full node responds to the request or only The server answers the request. In addition, whether the new node performs an all-node response request or only a server response request is set in advance in the new node by using a hardware switch, a software setting tool, and the like. That is, when each node enters the network, the user or installer can choose whether to make a response request from all nodes or a response request from only the server.

The node that has received the initialization packet A recognizes whether only the server's response or the full node is based on whether or not the initialization packet A is written in response. If the response type is the response from the server only, the initialization response packet shown in FIG. 7 is returned. If the non-response writing of the received initialization information packet A belongs to the full node response, the node other than the server will return the initialization response information packet B shown in Figure 6, and the server will return the initialization response information packet B shown in Figure 7 C returns.

The initialization response packet B shown in FIG. 6 is composed of each element of a destination address B1, a unique address B2, a packet type B3, a response type B4, a unique hardware address B5, and a temporary lower layer address B6. The initialization response packet C shown in FIG. 7 is composed of each element of the receiving address C1, the unique address C2, the packet type C3, the response type C4, the unique hardware address C5, the unique lower layer address C6, and the assigned lower layer address C7. .

In these initialization response packets B and C, the receiving address B1 and C1 represent the IP address of the node sending the initialization packet A, the unique address B2 and C2 represent the unique IP address, and the packet type B3 and C3 or the response type B4 The sum-response type C4 indicates identification of whether the packet received by the code written therein is a packet returned from a server or a packet returned from a general node, and is a reply to the initialization packet A. These initialization packets B and C include specific hardware addresses B5 and C5 and specific lower layer addresses B6 and C6. Also, if the initialization response packet is from the server, the initialization packet C includes the lower layer address C7 assigned to the new node.

Packet D shown in FIG. 8 is an acceptance response returned by the node to the lower layer address from the server. Each element of layer address D6 is constituted. The receiving address D1 of the information packet D is the IP address of the server.

The information packet E shown in FIG. 9 is an information packet multicast in the subnet after a temporary lower layer address is determined, and it includes a multicast receiving address E1, an inherent address E2 indicating a sending source, an information packet type E3, The intrinsic hardware address E5 and the temporary lower layer address E5. If the node receiving the temporary lower layer address E5 through this packet E is the same as the inherent lower layer address, it transmits the packet F for duplicate notification shown in FIG. This packet F is constituted by each element of a destination address F1, a unique address F2, a packet type F3, a unique hardware address F4, and a unique lower layer address F5.

Next, specific operations of the serverless method for determining a lower layer address (A mode) and the method for reliably determining a lower layer address by a server (SR mode) according to the present invention will be described. In addition, the A mode and the SR mode can be switched by a hardware switch or a software setting tool, and it is preferable to determine according to a network application. That is, it is determined based on the network scale, transmission occupancy allowance, and presence or absence of a manager to determine the network application. Generally speaking, the SR mode is recommended when the scale is large, there is no transmission occupancy allowance but there is a manager, and the A mode is recommended for other conditions.

FIG. 11 is a sequence diagram of the lower layer address determination procedure when executing the SR mode of each node. In SR mode, the lower layer addresses must be assigned by the started server. If the communication between the already started node and the new node is interrupted or the server does not respond once the server is stopped, in this mode, it ends as an error. In this case, the intervention of the administrator is required to reset the server.

The new node multicasts the initialization packet A shown in FIG. 5 (S1). In response to this, the initialization response packet C shown in FIG. 7 is returned only from the activated server (S2). The new node that has received the initialization response packet C responds with the packet D shown in FIG. 8, and specifies the address of the lower layer.

FIG. 12 is a sequence diagram of a procedure for determining a lower layer address when the A mode of each node is executed. In the A mode, if the new node multicasts the initialization information packet A (S11), then from all the nodes (also including the server node) started in the subnet, return the initialization response information packet B or C (server occasion) (S12 ).

Here, even if there is no response from the server (at this time, there is no initialization response packet C), the new node can send a new node from a location other than the inherent lower layer address B6 contained in the initialization response packet B received from each node. A temporary lower layer address is determined for the new node in the lower layer address, and a packet E with the activated node as the destination is returned by the initialization response packet B each including the value (S13).

For the multicast packet E, if it is judged that a certain activated node has the same lower layer address, the packet F performs address duplication notification (S14). Once the new node receives the address repetition notification, it resets the temporary lower-layer address except for the addresses that overlap with the return address group, executes the multicast in S13, and waits for the return of the repetition notification.

If the multicast in S13 does not return a repeat notification after a predetermined time has elapsed, a determination is made using a preset temporary lower layer address as the own address (S16).

On the other hand, in S11, when the initialization packet A is sent from the new node by multicast, if there is a response from the server of the activated node in the subnet to execute the initialization packet C (S12'), the new The node uses the given lower layer address C7 included in the initialization response packet C as its own lower layer address (S17). In this case, the address of the lower layer can be determined immediately without transmitting and receiving packets B, E, and F. FIG. In this way, even in the A mode, lower layer address allocation can be quickly performed.

In the address determination method of the network of the present embodiment, no matter what the occasion, it is possible to distinguish and use by preparing in advance two different information packets (partial code number of the initialization information packet A) that the new node multicasts in the subnetwork A method of determining an arbitrary lower layer address (A mode) and a method of reliably determining a lower layer address by a server (SR mode). And, as long as the activated node responds in accordance with the initialization packet from the new node, the new node can determine the address of the lower layer in the preselected SR mode or A mode.

Here, the address determination method in the SR mode only needs to process between each new node and the server, so it is a method with less transmission and is stable, even in a network composed of many nodes. On the other hand, the address determination method of the A mode requires a response from all nodes for each new node, so the transmission occupancy rate is high, and it does not correspond to a network composed of many nodes. However, in this embodiment, since the code number of the initialization packet A is only partially changed according to the scale of the network, the corresponding address determination method can be selectively and easily changed.

Also, when there is a server, it is of course desirable that the new node accepts the lower layer address assignment as soon as possible. In order to solve this problem, the communication of the master/slave method shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 13 and the communication of the CSMA/CD method shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 14 will be described below.

In the master/slave mode shown in Figure 1 and Figure 13, the communication between multiple slave nodes and one master node is carried out in a fixed time period, and the master node is stored in each slave node according to the sequence number, and communicates with a specific slave node Packets are exchanged between them. However, if the master node receiving a packet from a slave node knows in advance which slave node to transfer its packet to, it can send the packet to the destination slave node in the shortest time.

Since the node to be the server is unique within the subnet, the lower layer address used as the server node determines one reserved value. And, when the new node is a slave node, the master node that receives the information packet A sent by it immediately transmits to the slave node with the reserved value of the lower layer address (or does not need to transmit when the master node itself has a reserved value), as a response In response to this, an initialization response packet C may be immediately returned from the server node having the reserved value of the lower layer address to the new node of the transmission source.

As shown in FIG. 15 , the master node completes the management tables 10A and 10B of the slave nodes under management including at least IP addresses, hardware addresses, lower layer addresses, and slave management numbers before obtaining the lower layer codes, and keeps them in ROM5 or EPROM3. It can be allocated to the slave node address equivalent to the lower layer address reservation value. Here, the reservation value is written in advance in the server node, and the master node reads it as the lower layer address value together with the IP address and the hardware address, and reflects it on the management table 10B of FIG. 15 . In the management table 10B of FIG. 15, the lower layer address is written as 0x00. As a result, even if the master itself is a slave node, the initialization response packet C can be immediately returned to the transmission source.

Next, the communication of the CSMA/CD scheme nodes shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 14 will be described. In this method, there is no special master/slave concept, and the node that wants to send a signal performs carrier sense just before sending a signal, and if there is no carrier on the transmission medium, it sends a signal to an arbitrary node. In such a network, multiple nodes can be avoided by setting the period from receiving the initialization packet A to transmitting the initialization response packet B or C as the time given by "lower layer address value x fixed time". Packet collisions that occur when packets are sent out at the same time. At the same time, the server node can send the earliest initialization response packet C by determining the lower layer address value of the server node as the predetermined value to be smaller than the minimum value of other normal nodes. That is, the new node can obtain the lower layer address in a short time.

In this way, the server determines the reserved value as the lower layer address value as the minimum value of the lower layer address settable range, and especially in the master/slave method, the master node immediately stores the reserved value of the lower layer address value and The transmission of the initialization packet A and the reception of the initialization response packet C are carried out; in the CSMA/CD method, since each node responds to the packet within the time given by the product of the lower layer address value and the fixed time, The new node can receive the allocation of the lower layer address in a short time when there is a server.

Furthermore, the initialization response packet B shown in FIG. 6 can notify a more suitable used node address by adding the following information. The other node activity bit management table 11 shown in FIG. 16 is a data table for keeping each node. The data table consists of elements of activity bits, hardware addresses of each node, and timers. The bit layer address numbers below the active bit are stored on the RAM5 in ascending order, for example, the initial storage address number represents the lower layer address=0, the second address number represents the lower layer address=1, if there is a corresponding address, Then, for example, the active bit corresponding to the address number=1, if it does not exist, it is defined as active bit=0 and so on. In addition, the hardware addresses of the nodes corresponding to the respective lower layer addresses are also consistent. Also, each node has a countdown timer corresponding to the active bit of the transmission source hardware address of the packet received last, and the countdown timer is reset to an initial value every time a packet corresponding to the transmission source hardware address is received. Then, the timer counts down from the initial value, and when it becomes equal to or less than a predetermined value, the active bit=0.

As shown in FIG. 17, by adding the active bit of the data table 11 managed in this way to the initialization response packet B, by notifying the new node of the used lower layer address value, it is possible to provide a more accurate used lower layer address. . In addition, the data of these data tables 11 are cleared and recreated at the same time as the node restarts.

Claims (7)

1. An address determination method in a network, the network is composed of a plurality of nodes with respective addresses, characterized in that, When a new node joins the network, it multicasts the initialization information packet of the full node response request in each sub-network, If the new node receives an initialization response packet from the server as a response to the initialization packet, it determines the assigned lower layer address included in the initialization response packet as the lower layer address of its own node. The response of the server is the response to the initialization information packet, and when receiving the initialization response information packet returned from one or more started nodes respectively, according to the initialization response information package returned from the started node respectively contains The existing lower layer address information, and select one unused value as the lower layer address of its own node. 2. the address determination method in the network as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, The initialization information packet includes at least a receiving address, an own address, an information packet type, an own hardware address and a temporary lower layer address, In the receiving address, specify the multicast receiving address in the subnetwork, and identify the network application mode by information packet type or additional bits. 3. The address determination method in the network as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that, comprises receiving address, own address, information packet type, own hardware address, endows lower layer address or The own lower layer address and the code of whether the server responds specify the transmission source address of the initialization packet in the destination address. 4. the address determination method in the network as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, described network is that a master visits a plurality of slaves in turn and carries out the master/slave that information packet is exchanged between specific slaves In the network of the sub-network, the reserved value of the lower layer address is determined by the slave node to be the server in the sub-network, The master node generates a database including hardware addresses, lower layer addresses, and slave management numbers of slave nodes to be managed before the address acquisition operation, and sets and is set as reserved values when receiving the initialization packet from a new slave node. The slave management number corresponding to the address of the lower layer of the slave node is sent to the slave node address, and the initialization response packet from the slave node is returned to the slave node of the transmission source of the initialization packet. 5. The address determining method in the network as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that, the network is a CSMA/CD mode network, and in the lower layer address value of the server node, the available address value The minimum value of the setting range is set as the reserved address, and the activated node that has received the initialization packet from the new node passes through a period proportional to the value of the lower layer address of the node after receiving the initialization packet. At a predetermined time, an initialization response packet corresponding to the initialization packet is sent. 6. The method for determining an address in a network according to claim 1 or 2, wherein each node is composed of a combined element of an active bit and a hardware address of each other node obtained from the content of the received packet , hold the management table created after the value is cleared at the same time when the specific node is restarted, The activity bit is added to the initialization response packet, and the address of the new node is transmitted as the lower layer address already used. 7. A method for determining an address in a network, the network being composed of a plurality of nodes with respective addresses, characterized in that, When a new node joins the network, it multicasts the initialization information packet of the full node response request or only the server response request in each sub-network through the preset mode, When performing only server response requests as initialization information packets, as a response to the initialization information packet, if the new node receives an initialization response information packet from the server as an initialization response information packet, it will include in the initialization response information The assigned lower layer address in the packet is determined as the lower layer address of its own node, and if the initialization response packet is not received from the server, it stops with a failure, When requesting an all-node response as an initialization packet, if the new node receives an initialization response packet from the server as a response to the initialization packet, it assigns the value included in the initialization response packet to the subordinate The layer address is determined as the lower layer address of its own node. If there is no response from the server as a response to the initialization packet, and the initialization response packet returned from one or more started nodes is received, the From the existing lower layer address information included in the initialization response packet returned from the activated node, one unused numerical value is selected as the lower layer address of the own node.

Images