CN100414667C - Storage capacitor, forming method thereof and display comprising storage capacitor - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明涉及一种储存电容,特别是涉及一种可减少光掩模的储存电容的制造工艺及其所形成的储存电容。The invention relates to a storage capacitor, in particular to a manufacturing process capable of reducing the storage capacitor of a photomask and the formed storage capacitor.
背景技术 Background technique
图1至3显示传统有源元件基板的薄膜晶体管与电容的制造工艺剖面图,如图1所示,提供基板100,包括晶体管区100A和电容区100B。在基板100上沉积并图案化形成半导体层101,分别位于晶体管区100A和电容区100B。如图2所示,在半导体层101和基板100上沉积绝缘层103,分别在晶体管区100A作为薄膜晶体管的栅极绝缘层和在电容区100B作为储存电容的介电层。接着,在绝缘层103上形成光致抗蚀剂,并图案化形成图案化光致抗蚀剂105,并露出晶体管区100A中半导体层101的两端和储存电容区100B的半导体层101。之后,再以掺杂工艺107在晶体管区100A半导体层101的两端形成源极/漏极102,并且掺杂电容区100B的半导体层101形成储存电容的下电极。完成掺杂工艺107后移除图案化光致抗蚀剂105。1 to 3 show cross-sectional views of the manufacturing process of thin film transistors and capacitors of conventional active element substrates. As shown in FIG. 1 , a
接着,在绝缘层103上沉积并图案化形成导电层109,分别作为晶体管区100A的栅极和电容区100B的上电极。最后再以晶体管区100A的导电层109为屏蔽,进行轻掺杂工艺111,形成轻掺杂区115。Next, a
传统上在形成薄膜晶体管和储存电容的工艺步骤中需要三道光掩模,首先在图案化形成半导体层101中需要第一道光掩模。接着在图案化形成光致抗蚀剂105作为掺杂区102掺杂时的屏蔽则需要第二道光掩模,而掺杂区102也可称为源极区/漏极区。最后在图案化形成导电层109作为栅极和上电极时需要第三道光掩模。Traditionally, three photomasks are required in the process steps of forming thin film transistors and storage capacitors. Firstly, the first photomask is required in patterning the
在工艺中,光掩模数量是决定工艺成本的重要因素,因此本领域亟需一种能减少光掩模的方法来降低其制造成本。In the process, the number of photomasks is an important factor determining the cost of the process, so there is an urgent need in the art for a method that can reduce the number of photomasks to reduce its manufacturing cost.
发明内容Contents of the invention
鉴于此,本发明的目的是提供一种储存电容的形成方法,利用具有不同光穿透度的光掩模来减少薄膜晶体管和储存电容制造工艺所需的光掩模数。In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a method for forming a storage capacitor, which uses photomasks with different light transmittances to reduce the number of photomasks required for the manufacturing process of thin film transistors and storage capacitors.
为达上述目的,本发明提供一种储存电容的形成方法,包括:依次形成半导体层和第一介电层在基板上;形成图案化光致抗蚀剂层在该第一介电层上,且该图案化光致抗蚀剂包括第一区和第二区邻近于该第一区;移除未被该图案化光致抗蚀剂层所遮蔽的该第一介电层和该半导体层;移除该第一区,用以露出该第一介电层;以该第二区作为屏蔽进行掺杂工艺,形成至少一个掺杂区在部分该半导体层中,用以作为第一电极;移除该第二区;依次形成第二介电层和导电层,覆盖该基板和该第一介电层;并且图案化该导电层,用以形成第二电极,且基本上对应于该第一电极。To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for forming a storage capacitor, comprising: sequentially forming a semiconductor layer and a first dielectric layer on a substrate; forming a patterned photoresist layer on the first dielectric layer, and the patterned photoresist includes a first region and a second region adjacent to the first region; removing the first dielectric layer and the semiconductor layer not shielded by the patterned photoresist layer ; removing the first region to expose the first dielectric layer; performing a doping process using the second region as a mask to form at least one doped region in part of the semiconductor layer to serve as a first electrode; removing the second region; sequentially forming a second dielectric layer and a conductive layer covering the substrate and the first dielectric layer; and patterning the conductive layer to form a second electrode substantially corresponding to the first an electrode.
本发明还提供一种储存电容,包括:第一电极,设置在基板上,且该第一电极具有耗尽区位于该第一电极的两端其中之一上和至少一个掺杂区邻近于该耗尽区;介电层,设置在该第一电极上;和第二电极,设置在该介电层上,且基本上对应于该第一电极。The present invention also provides a storage capacitor, comprising: a first electrode disposed on a substrate, and the first electrode has a depletion region located on one of two ends of the first electrode and at least one doped region adjacent to the first electrode. A depletion region; a dielectric layer disposed on the first electrode; and a second electrode disposed on the dielectric layer substantially corresponding to the first electrode.
本发明尚提供一种显示器,具有基板,包括:半导体图案层,分别形成在该基板的至少一个晶体管区和至少一个电容区上,其中,位于该电容区上的该半导体图案层具有至少一个耗尽区位于该第一电极的两端其中之一上和至少一个掺杂区邻近于该耗尽区,且位于该晶体管区上的该半导体图案层的二端,具有高浓度掺杂区;第一介电层,形成在该半导体图案层上;第一导体图案层,形成在第一介电层上,且分别对应位于该电容区上和晶体管区上的该半导体图案层;保护层,形成在该基板上,且覆盖该第一导体图案层;和第二导体图案层,形成在该保护层上,且分别电连接在该晶体管区上的该半导体图案层的二端的该高浓度掺杂区。The present invention still provides a display, which has a substrate, including: a semiconductor pattern layer, respectively formed on at least one transistor region and at least one capacitor region of the substrate, wherein the semiconductor pattern layer on the capacitor region has at least one power dissipation The depletion region is located on one of the two ends of the first electrode and at least one doped region is adjacent to the depletion region, and the two ends of the semiconductor pattern layer on the transistor region have a high-concentration doped region; A dielectric layer, formed on the semiconductor pattern layer; a first conductor pattern layer, formed on the first dielectric layer, and respectively corresponding to the semiconductor pattern layer located on the capacitor region and the transistor region; a protective layer formed on the substrate, covering the first patterned conductor layer; and a second patterned conductor layer, formed on the protection layer, and respectively electrically connected to the high-concentration-doped two ends of the semiconductor patterned layer on the transistor region district.
为了让本发明的上述和其它目的、特征和优点能更明显易懂,下文特举一优选实施例,并结合附图作详细说明。In order to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, a preferred embodiment is given below and described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1至3显示传统有源元件基板上薄膜晶体管与电容的制造工艺剖面图。1 to 3 show cross-sectional views of the manufacturing process of thin film transistors and capacitors on conventional active device substrates.
图4至15显示本发明优选实施例有源元件基板的工艺流程剖面图。4 to 15 show cross-sectional views of the process flow of the active device substrate according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
图16至19显示本发明实施例的变化例的剖面图。16 to 19 show cross-sectional views of variations of the embodiments of the present invention.
简单符号说明simple notation
基板~100; 晶体管区~100A;Substrate ~ 100; Transistor area ~ 100A;
电容区~100B; 绝缘层~103;Capacitance area ~ 100B; Insulation layer ~ 103;
源极区/漏极区~102; 导电层~109;Source region/drain region ~ 102; Conductive layer ~ 109;
图案化光致抗蚀剂~105; 基板~400;Patterned photoresist ~ 105; Substrate ~ 400;
晶体管区~400A; 电容区~400B;Transistor area ~ 400A; Capacitance area ~ 400B;
半导体层~401; 介电层~403;Semiconductor layer ~ 401; Dielectric layer ~ 403;
光致抗蚀剂~405A和405B; 厚光致抗蚀剂区~405a;Photoresist ~ 405A and 405B; Thick photoresist area ~ 405a;
薄光致抗蚀剂区~405b; 掺杂工艺~407;Thin photoresist region ~ 405b; Doping process ~ 407;
掺杂区~409; 耗尽区~408;Doping region ~ 409; Depletion region ~ 408;
阶梯差~402a、402b; 导电层~413;Step difference ~ 402a, 402b; Conductive layer ~ 413;
介电层~411; 光致抗蚀剂~415A、415B;Dielectric layer ~ 411; Photoresist ~ 415A, 415B;
掺杂区~419; 掺杂工艺~417;Doping area ~ 419; Doping process ~ 417;
轻掺杂区~421; 轻掺杂工艺~418;Lightly doped region ~ 421; Lightly doped process ~ 418;
介电层~423; 接触窗~425;Dielectric layer ~ 423; Contact window ~ 425;
源极区/漏极区接触~427; 保护层~429;Source region/drain region contact ~ 427; Protective layer ~ 429;
接触窗~431; 导电层~433;Contact window ~ 431; Conductive layer ~ 433;
介电层~437; 发光层~435。Dielectric layer ~ 437; Light emitting layer ~ 435.
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
以下将结合图4-15说明本发明的优选实施例,应注意的是,虽然以下实施例是以储存电容与顶部栅极晶体管(top gate transistor)的制作说明,但本领域的技术人员可以理解的是,本发明的储存电容并不限于搭配特定类型的薄膜晶体管(TFT),也不限定应用在显示面板的储存电容。The preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described below in conjunction with FIGS. It is worth noting that the storage capacitor of the present invention is not limited to be matched with a specific type of thin film transistor (TFT), nor is it limited to the storage capacitor applied to a display panel.
如图4所示,提供基板400,包括晶体管区400A和电容区400B,其中基板400可为透明基板,例如是:玻璃或石英,也可为不透明基板,例如是:晶片(wafer)或陶瓷,或是除了上述刚性基板外也可为可挠性基板,例如:塑料、聚酯(polyester)或橡胶。在基板400上依次形成半导体层401,其材料包括多晶硅、单晶硅、非晶硅、微晶硅或上述材料的组合,和介电层403,其材料包括无机化合物(如:氧化硅、氮化硅、氮氧化硅、碳化硅、碳氧化硅或上述材料的组合)、有机化合物(如:聚酯、环氧类聚合物、有机硅化合物、丙烯类聚合物、类似的材料或上述材料的组合)。接着,在介电层403上形成光致抗蚀剂层,并以光刻工艺分别在晶体管区400A和电容区400B形成光致抗蚀剂405A和405B,其中电容区400B的光致抗蚀剂405B是通过具有不同光穿透度的光掩模(如:半阶式光掩模(half-tone photomask)、灰阶式光掩模(gray-level photomask)、栅状图案光掩模(slit-pattern photomask)、绕(衍)射式光掩模(diffraction photomask))图案化形成,具有厚光致抗蚀剂区405a和薄光致抗蚀剂区405b,且厚光致抗蚀剂区405a邻近于薄光致抗蚀剂区405b。如图5所示,以光致抗蚀剂405A和405B为屏蔽进行蚀刻工艺,优选为各向同性蚀刻工艺,可为干式蚀刻或是湿式蚀刻,用来移除未被光致抗蚀剂405A和405B遮蔽的介电层403。而湿式蚀刻的方法包括浸泡蚀刻、喷雾蚀刻或其它类似的蚀刻方法,且干式蚀刻的方法包括反应式离子蚀刻、等离子蚀刻或其它类似的蚀刻方法。As shown in FIG. 4 , a
接着,如图6A所示,再以各向同性蚀刻步骤,例如是干式蚀刻或湿式蚀刻,将未被光致抗蚀剂405A和405B遮蔽的半导体层401移除。或者如图6B所示,以各向异性蚀刻工艺,例如是干式蚀刻工艺或是湿式工艺,将未被光致抗蚀剂405A和405B遮蔽的半导体层401移除。而湿式蚀刻的方法包括浸泡蚀刻、喷雾蚀刻或其它类似的蚀刻方法,且干式蚀刻的方法包括反应式离子蚀刻、等离子蚀刻或其它类似的蚀刻方法。接着如图7A及7B所示,其中图7A接续图6A的工艺,而图7B接续图6B的工艺,进行等离子处理工艺(plasma trimming process,如:灰化工艺(ashing process))至光致抗蚀剂405B的薄光致抗蚀剂区405b完全移除为止,并露出电容区400B中部分介电层403的顶部表面,而厚光致抗蚀剂区405a则残留在介电层403上,并遮蔽半导体层401的两端。之后,进行掺杂工艺407,例如是N型掺杂或P型掺杂,在电容区400B未被厚光致抗蚀剂405a遮蔽的半导体层401中形成掺杂区409,作为储存电容的第一电极。如图7A和图7B所示,由于厚光致抗蚀剂区405a遮住半导体层401的两端,因此在掺杂工艺407后会在电容区400B的半导体层401的两端形成耗尽区408,因在耗尽区408中没有存在掺杂工艺407中所使用的N型或P型掺杂的掺杂物质,所以,耗尽区408也可称之为非掺杂区。Next, as shown in FIG. 6A , the
如图8A和图8B所示,其中图8A延续图7A,而图8B延续图7B的工艺,将晶体管区400A和电容区400B的光致抗蚀剂全部移除。由于图5至7B的工艺中,是先以各向同性蚀刻工艺移除未被光致抗蚀剂遮蔽的介电层403,再以各向异性蚀刻工艺移除未被光致抗蚀剂遮蔽的半导体层401,会在晶体管区400A和电容区400B中半导体层401与介电层403的两端产生阶梯差402a和402b,因此在移除晶体管区400A和电容区400B的光致抗蚀剂后,会再进行各相异性蚀刻工艺(未显示),消除如图7B中所示的阶梯差402a和402b,如图8B所示。然而,若为了减低工艺上的需求,则可免除消除如图7B中所示的阶梯差402a和402b的蚀刻工艺,而所形成的结构就大致上如图7B去除光致抗蚀剂图案层405a后所示。As shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B , where FIG. 8A is a continuation of FIG. 7A , and FIG. 8B is a continuation of the process of FIG. 7B , the photoresist in the
如图9所示,在基板400和介电层403上依次沉积介电层411和导电层413,其中介电层411包括无机化合物(如:氧化硅、氮化硅、氮氧化硅、碳化硅、碳氧化硅或上述材料的组合)、有机化合物(如:聚酯、环氧类聚合物、有机硅化合物、丙烯类聚合物、类似的材料或上述材料的组合),而导电层413包括透明导电层(如:铟锡氧化物(indium tin oxide,ITO)、铝锌氧化物(aluminum zinc oxide,AZO)、铟锌氧化物(indium zinc oxide,IZO)、镉锡氧化物(cadmium tin oxide,CTO))、非透明导电层(如:钛(titanium,Ti)、钽(tantalum,Ta)、钼(molybdenum,Mo)、铝(aluminum,Al)、钕(neodymium,Nd)、金(golden,Au)、银(silver,Ag)、铜(copper,Cu))或上述材料的组合。接着,在导电层413上沉积并图案化光致抗蚀剂层,分别在晶体管区400A和电容区400B形成图案化光致抗蚀剂415A和415B,如图10所示,其中图案化光致抗蚀剂415A对应至晶体管区400A的半导体层401且未遮蔽晶体管区400A中半导体层401的两端,以利后续的源极和漏极的掺杂工艺。而光致抗蚀剂415B则完全遮蔽电容区400B且遮蔽部分基板400。As shown in FIG. 9, a
如图11所示,以各向同性蚀刻工艺,例如是干式蚀刻或湿式蚀刻,蚀刻移除未被光致抗蚀剂415A和光致抗蚀剂415B遮蔽的导电层413,再以掺杂工艺417,例如是N型掺杂或P型掺杂,在晶体管区400A中未被光致抗蚀剂415A遮蔽的半导体层401的两端形成掺杂区419作为晶体管的源极区/漏极区,其中掺杂区419的掺杂浓度可与电容区400B中掺杂区409的掺杂浓度相同或不相同。上述湿式蚀刻的方法包括浸泡蚀刻、喷雾蚀刻或其它类似的蚀刻方法,且干式蚀刻的方法包括反应式离子蚀刻、等离子蚀刻或其它类似的蚀刻方法。如图12所示,移除光致抗蚀剂415A和415B后,再以导电层413为屏蔽,进行轻掺杂工艺418,在晶体管区400A中导电层413与掺杂区419间的半导体层401中形成轻掺杂区(LDD region)421,换句话说,就是在晶体管区400A中导电层413投射在半导体层401上与半导体层401中的掺杂区419之间具有未屏蔽区域,而在进行轻掺杂工艺418后,轻掺杂区(LDD region)421就形成在未屏蔽区域中,其中轻掺杂区421的掺杂浓度可与电容区400B中掺杂区409的掺杂浓度相同或不相同,在另一实施例中电容区400B中掺杂区409的掺杂浓度约介于晶体管区400A中轻掺杂区421与掺杂区419的掺杂浓度之间。相比于传统有源元件基板上薄膜晶体管与电容的工艺中,本发明利用具有不同光穿透度的光掩模在电容区形成薄厚光致抗蚀剂的方式,只用一道光掩模即完成第一电极的图案化与掺杂,使得在后续工艺中只需再一道光掩模(图案化形成光致抗蚀剂415A和415B)即可完成薄膜晶体管中源极区/漏极区和轻掺杂区(LDD)的工艺,大大降低其制造成本。如图12所示,本发明的储存电容具有第一电极,包括掺杂区409及其两端的耗尽区408、第二电极413,介电层403、411,夹设在第二电极与第一电极之间。As shown in FIG. 11 , with an isotropic etching process, such as dry etching or wet etching, the
图13至图15显示利用本发明储存电容的显示器有源元件基板的工艺剖面图。如图13所示,在图12所示的结构上形成介电层423,可为无机化合物(如:氧化硅、氮化硅、氮氧化硅、碳化硅、碳氧化硅或上述材料的组合)、有机化合物(如:聚酯、环氧类聚合物、有机硅化合物、丙烯类聚合物、类似的材料或上述材料的组合),并图案化介电层423、介电层411和介电层403形成接触窗425,且露出晶体管区400A中部分掺杂区419的预部表面。接着,在图13所示的结构上形成导电层,其材料包括透明导电材料(如:铟锡氧化物(indium tin oxide,ITO)、铝锌氧化物(aluminum zinc oxide,AZO)、铟锌氧化物(indium zinc oxide,IZO)、镉锡氧化物(cadmium tin oxide,CTO))、非透明导电材料(如:钛(titanium,Ti)、钽(tantalum,Ta)、钼(molybdenum,Mo)、铝(aluminum,Al)、钕(neodymium,Nd)、金(golden,Au)、银(silver,Ag)、铜(copper,Cu))或上述材料的组合,填满接触窗425并与掺杂区419的顶部表面电连接,之后,将其图案化形成源极区/漏极区接触427,如图14所示。FIG. 13 to FIG. 15 show the cross-sectional process views of the display active element substrate using the storage capacitor of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 13, a
如图15所示,在图14所示的结构上形成保护层429,其材料包括无机化合物(如:氧化硅、氮化硅、氮氧化硅、碳化硅、碳氧化硅或上述材料的组合)、有机化合物(如:聚酯、环氧类聚合物、有机硅化合物、丙烯类聚合物、类似的材料或上述材料的组合),并将其图案化形成接触窗431,并露出源极区/漏极区接触427的部分顶部表面,接着,在保护层429上形成导电层433,填满接触窗431且与源极/漏极接触427电连接,作为显示器的像素电极,若应用在液晶显示器中,则像素电极包括穿透电极、反射电极或穿透电极与反射电极的组合,并用以控制液晶显示器中的液晶层中的液晶分子转向,其中若液晶显示器为穿透型,则像素电极使用透明导电材料作为穿透电极,则导电层433材料优选为ITO、IZO、CTO、AZO或上述材料的组合,若液晶显示器为反射型,则像素电极使用非透明导电材料作为反射电极其材料可为非透明导电材料,优选为Ti、Ta、Mo、Al、Nd、Au、Ag、Cu或上述材料的组合,若液晶显示器为半穿透半反射型,则像素电极使用非透明导电材料与透明导电材料,则导电层433材料优选为ITO、IZO、CTO、AZO、Ti、Ta、Mo、Al、Nd、Au、Ag、Cu、合金或上述材料的组合。若应用在电激发光显示器(electroluminescence display)例如:有机发光二极管(organicelectroluminescence diode,OLED)、高分子发光二极管(polymerelectroluminescence diode,PLED)、或发光二极管(light emitting diode,LED),则会有发光材料435与导电层433或源极/漏极接触427电连接且发光材料435可为有机材料(包括小分子或聚合物)或无机材料,而发光材料435所发出的光线包含萤光、磷光或上述的组合,或形成液晶层作为液晶显示器。再者,为了能够增加半导体层401与基板400之间的附着力,因此可在半导层401形成在基板之前,先将介电层437形成在基板400上,而后续的步骤如同于本发明所述的图形及步骤,在此不再赘言,如图15所示。As shown in FIG. 15, a
虽然,本发明实施例所述的二耗尽区408、二掺杂区419和二轻掺杂区421的面积都是对称型,然而,二耗尽区408、二掺杂区419和二轻掺杂区421的面积也可非对称型。如图16所示耗尽区408为不对称型。此外,由于二掺杂区419和二轻掺杂区421的面积都可为对称或不对称,也就是说其组合方式可包含二掺杂区419的面积是不对称型,而二轻掺杂区421的面积是对称的或二掺杂区419的面积是对称型,而二轻掺杂区421的面积是不对称型,如图17a及17b所示。再者,二掺杂区419之间也可只有轻掺杂区421,且二掺杂区419的面积也可为非对称型或对称型,如图18a和18b所示。而该图形的步骤,只差在利用图案化光致抗蚀剂415A和导电层413的设计变化,并没有任何重新设计步骤之虑,且也可使用现在的步骤即可。再者,须说明的是,上述实施例都是以储存电容区400B的二端具有耗尽区408为范例说明,然而,储存电容区400B的二端的其中之一上,也可具有耗尽区408,如图19所示,换句话说,该耗尽区408邻近于掺杂区409。而该图形的步骤,只差别在利用图6至图7中图案化光致抗蚀剂405B的厚光致抗蚀剂区405a与薄光致抗蚀剂区405b的设计变化,并没有任何重新设计步骤之虑,且也可使用现在的步骤即可,在此不再赘言。Although the areas of the
虽然本发明已以优选实施例揭示如上,然而其并非用以限定本发明,任何本领域的技术人员,在不脱离本发明的精神和范围内,可对其进行些许的更动与修改,因此本发明的保护范围以所附权利要求所界定的为准。Although the present invention has been disclosed above with preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention, and any person skilled in the art can make some changes and modifications to it without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, therefore The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims.
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US6157055A (en) * | 1997-11-04 | 2000-12-05 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Semiconductor memory device having a long data retention time with the increase in leakage current suppressed |
US6046081A (en) * | 1999-06-10 | 2000-04-04 | United Microelectronics Corp. | Method for forming dielectric layer of capacitor |
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