CN100398550C - 抗癌药奥沙利铂的一种合成工艺 - Google Patents
抗癌药奥沙利铂的一种合成工艺 Download PDFInfo
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- 229960001756 oxaliplatin Drugs 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- DWAFYCQODLXJNR-BNTLRKBRSA-L oxaliplatin Chemical compound O1C(=O)C(=O)O[Pt]11N[C@@H]2CCCC[C@H]2N1 DWAFYCQODLXJNR-BNTLRKBRSA-L 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title abstract description 9
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 title abstract description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 title description 3
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 title description 3
- 230000001093 anti-cancer Effects 0.000 title 1
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Substances [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- HRGDZIGMBDGFTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum(2+) Chemical compound [Pt+2] HRGDZIGMBDGFTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 102100028735 Dachshund homolog 1 Human genes 0.000 claims 5
- 101000915055 Homo sapiens Dachshund homolog 1 Proteins 0.000 claims 5
- SSJXIUAHEKJCMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexane-1,2-diamine Chemical compound NC1CCCCC1N SSJXIUAHEKJCMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 5
- 125000003963 dichloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000003005 anticarcinogenic agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- PPKPKFIWDXDAGC-IHWYPQMZSA-N (z)-1,2-dichloroprop-1-ene Chemical compound C\C(Cl)=C\Cl PPKPKFIWDXDAGC-IHWYPQMZSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 150000003057 platinum Chemical class 0.000 abstract 2
- UIESMAIMBNSQQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexane platinum Chemical compound [Pt].C1CCCCC1 UIESMAIMBNSQQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- KMEQMZMYKYCLMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexane platinum(2+) Chemical compound [Pt+2].C1CCCCC1 KMEQMZMYKYCLMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910021607 Silver chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002246 antineoplastic agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229940041181 antineoplastic drug Drugs 0.000 description 3
- -1 dichloro cyclohexanediamine platinum Chemical compound 0.000 description 3
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 3
- HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver monochloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Ag+] HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229960004562 carboplatin Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 190000008236 carboplatin Chemical compound 0.000 description 2
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940100890 silver compound Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 150000003379 silver compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000010189 synthetic method Methods 0.000 description 2
- NWZSZGALRFJKBT-KNIFDHDWSA-N (2s)-2,6-diaminohexanoic acid;(2s)-2-hydroxybutanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](O)CC(O)=O.NCCCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O NWZSZGALRFJKBT-KNIFDHDWSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101710134784 Agnoprotein Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101000939135 Homo sapiens Ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 27 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102100029736 Ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 27 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012043 crude product Substances 0.000 description 1
- YMHQVDAATAEZLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexane-1,1-diamine Chemical compound NC1(N)CCCCC1 YMHQVDAATAEZLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960000935 dehydrated alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- IRXRGVFLQOSHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-L dipotassium;oxalate Chemical class [K+].[K+].[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O IRXRGVFLQOSHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001647 drug administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000086 high toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- IKDUDTNKRLTJSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrazine monohydrate Substances O.NN IKDUDTNKRLTJSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940090044 injection Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012452 mother liquor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002547 new drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940104914 oxaliplatin injection Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000955 prescription drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001698 pyrogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- GGCZERPQGJTIQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;9,10-dioxoanthracene-2-sulfonic acid Chemical compound [Na+].C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC(S(=O)(=O)O)=CC=C3C(=O)C2=C1 GGCZERPQGJTIQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及一种合成铂类抗癌药奥沙利铂(oxaliplatin))的新工艺。工艺过程为:将四氯合亚铂酸盐M2PtCl4和反式-1R,2R-二胺环己烷反应,生成二氯·反式-1R,2R-二胺环己烷合铂(II),然后与乙二酸盐反应得目标化合物奥沙利铂。该工艺具有合成路线短、不引入对人体有害的重金属Ag和Hg、含铂废料回收简单并且回收率高的优点,可规模化生产,为生产奥沙利铂制剂提供高纯度的原料药。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及铂类抗癌药奥沙利铂(oxaliplatin)的一种新合成工艺,属于生物制药领域。
背景技术
奥沙利铂的化学名为(反式-1R,2R-二胺环己烷)·乙二酸根合铂(II),是以反式-1R,2R-二胺环己烷(简称DACH)为载体,乙二酸根为离解基团的铂(II)配合物,由瑞士Debiopharm公司研制开发,于1996年10月在法国率先批准上市。目前还在欧洲及南美洲的其它国家上市。2003年全球销售额达到8亿欧元。我国于1999年批准奥沙利铂针剂进口,并在国内15家医院应用进口药品进行了临床试验,效果良好。2000年11月,南京制药厂研制开发的国产奥沙利铂获得国家药品监督管理局颁发的新药证书及生产批文,商品名为“奥铂”,产品已经开始投放市场。近年来,奥沙利铂市场长势强劲。2003年该药连续四个季度名列我国销售额领先的前50位药品行列,且排名呈上升趋势,2003年4季度排第30位。2005年奥沙利铂在处方药市场的销售额达到了12个亿以上。
目前,专利报道的奥沙利铂的合成均引用铂类抗癌药如顺铂、卡铂、等的经典合成方法[Ernest Wong,Christen M G.Current Status of Platinum-basedAntitumor Drugs.Chem.Rev.1999,99:2451-2466],即以K2PtCl4为起始原料,通过下面三个步骤来实现:(1)加入KI,转化成K2PtI4,与载体基团DACH反应,制备出相应的cis-[Pt(II)(DACH)·X2]中间体(X=Cl,I);(2)中间体与AgNO3或Ag2SO4或Ag2O反应,过滤分离AgI或AgCl沉淀,得到cis-[Pt(II)(DACH)·(H2O)2]2+;(3)与离去基团乙二酸的钾或钠盐反应,制得目标化合物奥沙利铂。或中间体直接与乙二酸的银盐反应,过滤分离AgI或AgCl沉淀,母液浓缩得到奥沙利铂。
专利和文献采用的奥沙利铂的合成方法存在如下的缺点和不足:第一,由于合成中使用了银化合物,最终的奥沙利铂产物中会引入银杂质,影响产品的质量。含银化合物注射对人体具有高毒性,所以美国药典(USP27)和欧洲药典(EP4)对铂类抗癌药中的银含量进行限制,如卡铂Ag<10ppm;奥沙利铂Ag<5ppm。第二,cis-[Pt(II)(DACH)·X2]中间体与对应的银化合物反应不完全,10-20%的未反应的铂化合物进入AgI或AgCl沉淀中。含铂的AgI废渣的分离和回收一直是冶金中的难题,需湿法和火法联用使用才能达到Pt、Ag的回收。由于处理过程长,造成Pt的分散和损失,以K2PtCl4为起始原料计算,金属铂的损失达到5%,大大增加了奥沙利铂的生产成本。
发明内容
本发明目的是提供一种无银合成奥沙利铂的新工艺,以克服专利和文献报道的方法的缺点和不足。
本发明的合成奥沙利铂的新工艺为:先将四氯合亚铂酸盐M2PtCl4和DACH反应,生成cis-[Pt(II)(DACH)·Cl2],然后与乙二酸盐反应得目标化合物奥沙利铂。涉及的化学反应和路线为:
M2PtCl4+DACH→cis-[Pt(II)(DACH)·Cl2]
cis-[Pt(II)(DACH)·Cl2]+M2C2O4→cis-[Pt(II)(DACH)·C2O4]
奥沙利铂
M=K,Na,Li DACH=反式-1R,2R-二胺环己烷
本发明合成的奥沙利铂工艺尚未见报道,属于新工艺,具有合成路线短、不引入对人体有害的重金属Ag和含铂废料回收简单,并且铂回收率达99.5%以上的优点,可规模化生产,为生产奥沙利铂制剂提供高纯度的原料药。
具体实施方式
(1)二氯环己二胺铂(II)的制备
取10g(24mmol)K2PtCl4,溶于100ml的水中,加入2.8g(24.6mmol)的环己二胺(15ml水加10ml无水乙醇)在30~40℃反应2小时,冷却,析出淡黄色的结晶,过滤收集,用水、乙醇洗涤后在65℃下真空干燥4小时,得到8.7克二氯环己二胺铂产率95%。
特征结构参数为:<1>元素分析C 19.01%;H 3.61%;N 7.31%;Pt 51.27%,与理论值C 18.95%;H 3.68%;N 7.38%;Pt 51.3一致。
(2)奥沙利铂的合成
取4g(7.8mmol)二氯环己二胺铂,置于500ml烧杯中加水320ml,再加入11.5克草酸钾(62.4mmol),用20%NaOH调PH=6-7,在60~70℃反应8小时,冷却,过滤,滤液用旋转蒸发器浓缩至小体积,冷却,过滤,水、乙醇洗涤后在65℃下真空干燥4小时,得到2.92g奥沙利铂,产率70%(扣出没有反应的)。
(3)奥沙利铂的提纯
取2.92g的奥沙利铂粗品,溶于90ml的沸水中,乘热快速过滤,滤液冷却至5℃,析出白色的结晶,过滤收集,用水、乙醇洗涤后在65℃下真空干燥4小时,得到1.75g奥沙利铂精品,产率62%,纯度经HPLC分析为99.4%,银含量经AAS测定为<1ppm,比旋光度-73°。
特征结构参数为:<1>元素分析C 24.31%;H 3.52%;N 7.0%;Pt49.15%。与理论值C 24.18%;H 3.53%;N 7.05%;Pt 49.12%。一致。<2>FAB+-MS m/e=397(M+,100%)。<3>IR(cm-1,KBr压片)与我们以前申请的奥沙利铂专利一致。这些参数符合奥沙利铂的化学结构。
(4)含铂的废料的回收
将第一步,第二步和第三部反应的含铂废液集中,用氨水调节PH>11,滴加水合联氨还原铂至反应液无色为止,继续加热反应30分钟,冷却,过滤收集铂于滤纸中,用水洗涤后在800℃下灼烧4小时,得到金属铂1.4g,经发射光谱分析纯度为99.99%,铂的损失小于0.3%。
Claims (2)
1.一种合成奥沙利铂的工艺,其特征是在于:先将四氯合亚铂酸盐M2PtCl4和反式-1R,2R-二胺环己烷反应,生成二氯·反式-1R,2R-二胺环己烷合铂(II),然后与乙二酸盐反应得目标化合物奥沙利铂,涉及的化学反应和路线为:
M2PtCl4+DACH→cis-[Pt(II)(DACH)·Cl2]
cis-[Pt(II)(DACH)·Cl2]+M2C2O4→cis-[Pt(II)(DACH)·C2O4]
奥沙利铂
M=K,Na,Li DACH=反式-1R,2R-二胺环己烷。
2.根据权利要求1所述的合成奥沙利铂的工艺,特征是在于所述的M2PtCl4是K2PtCl4。
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Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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WO2003004505A1 (en) * | 2001-07-02 | 2003-01-16 | Debiopharm S.A. | Oxaliplatin active substance with a very low content of oxalic acid |
CN1422860A (zh) * | 1995-07-25 | 2003-06-11 | 德比奥药物股份有限公司 | 制备铂化合物的方法 |
CN1634945A (zh) * | 2004-11-08 | 2005-07-06 | 昆明贵金属研究所 | 奥沙利铂的合成 |
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CN1422860A (zh) * | 1995-07-25 | 2003-06-11 | 德比奥药物股份有限公司 | 制备铂化合物的方法 |
WO2003004505A1 (en) * | 2001-07-02 | 2003-01-16 | Debiopharm S.A. | Oxaliplatin active substance with a very low content of oxalic acid |
CN1634945A (zh) * | 2004-11-08 | 2005-07-06 | 昆明贵金属研究所 | 奥沙利铂的合成 |
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