CN100394894C - Surgical stapler - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an instrument used in surgical bookbinding. By setting a radial emission device on the head of the bookbinding instrument, the body tissue is bound. After the operation, the body tissues such as the intestinal tract are basically in a state similar to that before the operation. Significantly smaller, it is not only convenient to take out the instrument after the operation, but also conducive to the healing of the tissue after the operation. The invention has many advantages of carrying out the binding operation inside the body, and well overcomes the main defects of the existing similar medical instruments, and greatly improves the operation effect.

Description

Surgical stapler

technical field

The invention relates to a binding instrument used in surgical anastomosis, in particular to a surgical binding instrument which uses radial emission to implement internal anastomosis, and belongs to the technical field of medical instruments.

technical background

Surgical stapler is a medical device often used in surgical operations on intestinal and other physiological tissues. The difference in the performance of the instrument plays a vital role in the overall surgical effect. In the prior art, the firing direction of the nail is basically consistent with the axial direction of the tissue during the anastomosis, which can be divided into the following three ways:

1. Axial inward anastomosis. As shown in FIG. 1 , the two sections of tissue 1a and 1b are convergent, forming an anastomotic ring 2 inside the tissue. This is a relatively traditional anastomotic method, and there are many corresponding anastomotic instruments. Its advantages are: the bleeding of the body generated during the operation can be discharged together with the contents, and the body tissue is easier to heal after the operation. The disadvantages are: it is necessary to open the cardia near the anastomotic point during the operation; the anastomotic ring stays in the tissue cavity after the operation, narrowing the internal passage of the tissue, which is not conducive to the removal of postoperative instruments, which is easy to cause surgical complications, and is not conducive to postoperative body The recovery of tissue function brings obvious side effects to the patient; third, this anastomosis method is not conducive to postoperative examination.

2. Axial external anastomosis. As shown in Figure 2, the two sections of tissue 1a and 1b are everted to form an anastomotic ring 2 outside the tissue. Related patents include US6769594 and US6769590. The advantages of this anastomosis method are: there is no need to open the cardia during the operation, the postoperative inspection is convenient, the inner passages of the intestinal diameter and other tissues are not affected, and it is convenient to take out the instruments after the operation; the biggest disadvantage is that the body bleeding generated during the operation will enter the In body fluids, cannot be excreted.

3. Expansion and internal anastomosis. Chinese patent application 00819331 is a representative one of such anastomosis methods. The anastomotic surface of the binding instrument is wave-like, and the two sections of tissue 1a and 1b are partially expanded after anastomosis to form an anastomotic ring 2 with a relatively large diameter, such as Figure 3 shows. This anastomosis method is an improvement on the traditional axial internal anastomosis method. It partially overcomes the shortcomings of the traditional method, so that the internal passage of the tissue does not become significantly smaller after the operation, and it is convenient to take out the instrument and restore the body function after the operation. Its disadvantages are: the body tissue at the anastomosis is always in a tight state, which is not conducive to postoperative tissue healing; the manufacturing of surgical instruments is relatively complicated; postoperative inspection is still inconvenient.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the technical defect of performing anastomosis by radial emission, and provide a surgical binding instrument for performing anastomosis by radial emission, so that it has the advantages of multiple anastomosis methods in the prior art, and more Improve the effect of surgery.

The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

The surgical stapler includes an anastomotic head, a connecting elbow, a positioning adjustment mechanism, and a firing mechanism, wherein the anastomotic head part is provided with a device that is fired by the firing mechanism and emits staples radially to perform internal anastomosis on body tissues.

The object of the present invention can also be further realized by the following technical measures:

In the above-mentioned surgical stapler, the anastomotic head is composed of two parts: the firing head and the fuselage head. The outer ring of the firing head rod is provided with a firing head firing push rod, and the outer ring of the firing head rod is provided with a fuselage firing push rod. It is located inside the firing head; the front end of the fuselage head is a stepped circular tubular inner cavity structure, the inner diameter of the outer circular tube is larger than the diameter of the annular cutter, and a nail forming groove is provided on the inner wall of the outer circular tube.

Further, in the above-mentioned surgical stapler, the nail grooves on the staple cartridge are arranged in a ring shape in a plane perpendicular to the symmetry axis of the firing head, and the channel of each nail groove extends outward in a radially radial manner; The position and quantity of the above-mentioned nail forming grooves are consistent with the nail grooves on the nail cartridge.

Furthermore, in the above-mentioned surgical stapler, the nail grooves on the staple cartridge form 1 to 4 radial firing rings in a direction parallel to the symmetrical axis of the firing head; the most preferred solution is to form 2 to 3 radial firing rings. Launching rings, the positions of the nail grooves of adjacent launching rings are staggered to ensure that the anastomotic rings have regular shapes and good sealing effects after surgery.

Still further, in any of the above-mentioned surgical binding instruments, a ring-shaped anvil can be inlaid in the inside of the second circle of circular tubes from the outside to the inside of the stepped circular tubular inner cavity at the front end of the fuselage head. The inner diameter of the ring-shaped anvil and the outer diameter are respectively smaller than and larger than the diameter of the ring cutter, so that the ring cutter can enter the interior of the softer anvil after cutting the tissue during surgery, thereby ensuring the surgical effect.

In addition, in the above-mentioned surgical stapler, the outer circular tube at the front end of the fuselage head can adopt a stretchable structure whose diameter can be fine-tuned, so that the body tissues can be better positioned and anastomosed.

The present invention provides a surgical binding instrument for performing internal anastomosis on body tissues by launching staples radially. Compared with various binding instruments in the prior art, the present invention retains many advantages of the internal anastomosis method. The various defects that they exist are well overcome, and the problems that people have been eager to solve have been solved for a long time. After the operation, the intestinal tract and other body tissues are basically in a similar state to that before the operation, and the internal passages are not significantly smaller, which is not only convenient for the removal of postoperative instruments, but also conducive to postoperative healing of the tissue, which greatly improves the surgical effect.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the effect after axial internal anastomosis in the prior art.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the effect after an axial external anastomosis in the prior art.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the effect after dilation and internal anastomosis in the prior art.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the postoperative effect of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the anastomotic head part of the surgical stapler provided by the present invention.

Fig. 6-1 to Fig. 6-6 are schematic diagrams of the operation process of performing the anastomotic operation using the surgical stapler provided by the present invention.

The meanings of reference signs are: 1a, 1b tissue; 2 anastomotic ring; 3 nail forming groove; 4 knife anvil; 5 body head; 6 firing head firing push rod; 7 body firing push rod; 9 firing head rod; 10 cutter; 11 nail bin; 12 firing head.

Detailed ways

The technical scheme and features of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Similar to the prior art, the overall structure of the surgical stapler provided by the present invention includes: an anastomotic head, a connecting elbow, a positioning adjustment mechanism and a firing mechanism, wherein the structure of the anastomotic head part is shown in FIG. 5 . It consists of two parts, the firing head 12 and the fuselage head 5, which are moved by the matching firing head rod 9 located at the axis of the firing head 12 and the firing head pull rod 8 located at the axis of the main body of the fuselage. connect. The outer ring of the firing head rod 9 is provided with a firing head firing push rod 6 , and the outer ring of the firing head rod 8 is provided with a fuselage firing push rod 7 . Both the annular cutter 10 used during anastomosis and the staple bin 11 for storing staples are located inside the firing head 12 . The front end of the fuselage head 5 is a stepped circular tubular inner cavity structure, the inner diameter of the outer circular tube is greater than the diameter of the annular cutter 10, and the inwall of the outer circular tube is provided with a nail forming groove 3.

The nail grooves on the staple cartridge 11 are arranged in a ring shape in a plane perpendicular to the symmetry axis of the firing head 12, and the channel of each nail groove extends outward in a radially radial manner, so that in a direction parallel to the symmetry axis of the firing head 12, Two radial emission rings are formed on the top, and the positions of the nail grooves of adjacent emission rings are staggered.

On the other hand, the number of nail forming grooves 3 and the position of each nail forming groove 3 on the inner wall of the stepped circular tubular inner cavity outer ring circular tube at the front end of the fuselage head 5 are all consistent with the nails on the nail bin 11. The slots match.

In order to ensure the effect of the operation, an annular knife anvil 4 is embedded in the inside of the second circular tube from outside to inside at the front end of the fuselage head 5. The inner diameter and outer diameter of the annular knife anvil 4 are respectively smaller than and Greater than the diameter of the ring cutter 10.

In order to ensure that the body tissues can be better positioned and matched, the outer circular tube at the front end of the fuselage head 5 adopts a dilatory structure, so that its diameter can be fine-tuned. When the tissue is in place, a large caliber is used, and after it is in place, the caliber is shrunk to compress the tissue, and then the anastomosis is performed.

Figures 6-1 to 6-6 illustrate the operation process using the surgical binding instrument provided by the present invention, and the operation effect is shown in Figure 4 . The specific process of anastomosis is:

(1) The firing head 12 and the fuselage are in a separated state, and the tissues 1a and 1b to be anastomosed wrap the firing head 12 and the fuselage head 5 respectively, and carry out the pouch processing, as shown in Figure 6-1;

(2) The firing head 12 is connected with the firing head rod 8 inside the fuselage through the firing head rod 9, see Figure 6-2;

(3) Make the firing head 12 close to the fuselage head 5 through the positioning adjustment mechanism of the fuselage part of the binding instrument until the firing push rod 6 of the firing head contacts the firing push rod 7 of the fuselage, and then adjust the outside of the front end of the fuselage head 5 Compress the tissue around the caliber of the round tube so that the tissue to be anastomotic is in place, see Figure 6-3;

(4) Firing——by the firing mechanism of the stapler, the firing push rod 7 of the fuselage is pushed forward, and then the firing head firing push rod 6 is pushed forward to perform firing. Divert radially outwards, cooperate with the nail forming groove 3 corresponding to the fuselage head 5 to anastomose the tissues 1a and 1b; at the same time, the annular cutter 10 quickly translates toward the anvil 4 until it touches or partially enters the knife inside the anvil 4, so as to remove excess tissue, see Figure 64;

(5) The firing head 12 is separated from the fuselage head 5 through the positioning adjustment mechanism of the body part of the binding instrument, as shown in Figure 6-5;

(6) After the anastomosis process is over, take out the instrument. The excised excess tissue is also taken out together with the instrument, see Figure 6-6.

It should be noted that the application of the surgical stapler provided by the present invention should preferably conform to the normal flow direction of the tissue content. During the operation, the upstream tissue should be regarded as 1a, and the purse should be placed on the periphery of the percussion head 12; the downstream tissue should be regarded as 1b, and the The periphery of fuselage head 5 packs purse.

Claims (7)

1. A stapler for surgery, comprising an anastomotic head, a connecting elbow, a positioning adjustment mechanism, and a firing mechanism, characterized in that: the anastomotic head is provided with a device that is fired by the firing mechanism and radially launches anastomotic staples to implement internal anastomosis to body tissues. 2. The surgical binding instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: the anastomotic head is composed of two parts, the firing head [12] and the fuselage head [5]. ] The firing head rod [9] at the axis position and the firing head pull rod [8] at the axis position of the main body part of the fuselage are flexibly connected; the outer ring of the firing head rod [9] is provided with a firing head firing push rod [ 6], the outer ring of the firing head pull rod [8] is provided with a fuselage firing push rod [7], and the ring cutter [10] used during anastomosis and the staple bin [11] for storing staples are all located in the firing head [12] inside; the front end of the fuselage head [5] is a stepped circular tubular inner cavity structure, the inner diameter of the outer circular tube is greater than the diameter of the annular cutter [10], and nails are arranged on the inner wall of the outer circular tube Forming groove [3]. 3. The surgical stapler according to claim 2, characterized in that: the nail grooves on the staple bin [11] are arranged in a ring shape in a plane perpendicular to the symmetry axis of the firing head [12], each The channels of the nail grooves extend radially outward; the position and quantity of the nail forming grooves [3] are consistent with the nail grooves on the nail cartridge [11]. 4. The surgical stapler according to claim 3, characterized in that: the nail slots on the staple magazine [11] form 1 to 4 radial firings in a direction parallel to the axis of symmetry of the firing head [12]. ring. 5. The surgical stapler according to claim 4, characterized in that: the nail grooves on the staple magazine [11] form 2 to 3 radial firings in a direction parallel to the axis of symmetry of the firing head [12]. Rings, the positions of the nail grooves of adjacent launch rings are staggered. 6. The surgical binding instrument according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that: a stepped circular tubular inner cavity at the front end of the fuselage head [5] is embedded with An annular knife anvil [4], the inner diameter and outer diameter of the annular knife anvil [4] are respectively smaller and larger than the diameter of the annular cutter [10]. 7. The surgical stapling instrument according to claim 2, characterized in that: the outer circular tube at the front end of the fuselage head [5] adopts an expansion-type structure whose diameter can be fine-tuned.

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