CN100375400C - A method for implementing ordered allocation of pilot frequency in CDMA system - Google Patents
A method for implementing ordered allocation of pilot frequency in CDMA system Download PDFInfo
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- CN100375400C CN100375400C CNB2004100688696A CN200410068869A CN100375400C CN 100375400 C CN100375400 C CN 100375400C CN B2004100688696 A CNB2004100688696 A CN B2004100688696A CN 200410068869 A CN200410068869 A CN 200410068869A CN 100375400 C CN100375400 C CN 100375400C
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/69—Spread spectrum techniques
- H04B1/707—Spread spectrum techniques using direct sequence modulation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of transmission systems not covered by a single group of H04B3/00 - H04B13/00
- H04B2201/69—Orthogonal indexing scheme relating to spread spectrum techniques in general
- H04B2201/707—Orthogonal indexing scheme relating to spread spectrum techniques in general relating to direct sequence modulation
- H04B2201/70701—Orthogonal indexing scheme relating to spread spectrum techniques in general relating to direct sequence modulation featuring pilot assisted reception
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a method for implementing ordered allocation of pilot frequency in a CDMA system. The present invention is realized by the method that comprises the following procedures: a latent network size and expansion requirements are analyzed, and the covering radius of a minimum district in a compact district and a non-compact district is confirmed; according to the complicated degree of an actual network, a value of pilot frequency increment and a pilot frequency differential value of a plurality of districts under a base station are confirmed, and all available pilot frequencies are divided into a plurality of pilot frequency groups; according to the covering radius of the minimum district, and the value of the pilot frequency increment which is confirmed, a pilot frequency multiplexing distance is obtained; grids in a pilot frequency multiplexing region are arranged, each grid is orderly allocated to the pilot frequency group, and the pilot frequency multiplexing between regions is realized. The present invention has the advantages of clear process and wide applicability. The pilot frequency of a super-huge network can be simply planned with high efficiency for one time. During the construction initial stage, the following expansion problem is considered. Therefore, during the following network expansion, the used pilot frequency does not need to be planned again. The present invention can not impact an active network.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the cdma cellular moving communicating field, be specifically related to the pilot tone planing method in the network planning stage, especially a kind of method that in code division multiple access system, realizes ordered allocation of pilot frequency.
Background technology
Along with the fast development of mobile communication technology, the user is more and more higher to the requirement of network quality, and the communication quality that how effectively to improve wireless network is an important topic in the networking process.
In the networking process, relate to a lot of stages such as the network planning, engineering construction, the network optimization, wherein the network planning stage has determined the framework of whole network, whether the network that finally builds up is satisfied covering and capacity requirement has conclusive effect.In network planning link, an important job is exactly the multiplexing planning of PN (Pseudo random Number, pilot offset number) in the wireless parameter planning, and the multiplexing planning of inappropriate PN can cause serious consequence, causes network quality degradation.
The complexity of the multiplexing planning of PN is along with the increase of network size sharply increases, because being difficult to of potential network scale predicted and factor such as investment budgey restriction makes the construction of wireless network must want batch by batch and stage by stage to carry out, if there is not the multiplexing planing method of a kind of forward-looking PN again, each construction certainly will occur all will plan again to PN, this not only wastes time and energy, and might also can cause great impact to existing network.
Industry only has some some guiding criterions about aspects such as multiplex distance constraint, pilot tone increment pilot_INC (pilotincrement) select for use at present, plan general without comparison way as for how for the PN of a network, particularly super-huge network is multiplexing.
Existing patent mainly contains two:
United States Patent (USP), the patent No. is: 6618432, the invention people is Ganesh etc., denomination of invention is: the thought that is used for the system and method (System andmethod for minimizing interference and optimizing PN planning inCDMA networks) of minimise interference and PN programme in cdma network is: realize PN planning with method of emulation, at first give each cell allocation PN, according to the PN analogue system performance of distributing, indicate the poor sub-district of performance, PN to these sub-districts adjusts then, the analogue system performance to the last satisfies performance requirement once more.
United States Patent (USP), the patent No. is: 6490313, invention is artificial: Ganesh etc., denomination of invention is: the thought of the system and method (System andmethod for PN offset index planning in adigital CDMA cellularnetwork) of PN biasing retrieval scheme is in a digital CDMA Cellular System: realize PN planning with method of emulation, at first give each cell allocation PN, obtain interference between each sub-district with instrument emulation then, interference is provided with reasonable threshold, for the situation that exceeds thresholding, adjust the PN of relevant base station, up to meeting the demands.
The main thought of existing patent all is to utilize emulation tool, on the basis of finishing preliminary PN planning, utilizes emulation tool to search the problem that may exist, and the adjustment that PN is carried out in in-problem zone solves problem then.The weak point of doing so mainly is:
1. the artificial randomness of first PN planning is too big, and different designers' first program results difference, the complexity of follow-up adjustment are also different.
2. because the difference of first planning can be brought final adjusted difference as a result, in fact this be unfavorable for that engineering is used and file.
3. do not have or seldom consider to add the influence that bring at the station, in fact, because the overall relevance of adjustment algorithm, newly add the station and often cause that the whole network or the most of base station of network need carry out PN again and distribute; And the cost of carrying out the whole network planning again is huge, and whole the adjustment means the change of large quantities of parameters such as the adjacent area is provided with and the change of engineering archive.
4. use emulation tool to carry out interference calculation, instruct and adjust, this is unallowed in the actual engineering of part, wishes to have one can guarantee multiplex distance, and easy more exercisable mode is carried out PN planning.
Patent " a kind of PN planing method that is used for CDMA Cellular System " is with artificial operational phaseization, the mode of having used the base station in compact district and the non-dense set differentiation group to shine upon one by one, guaranteed that by the PN grouping multiplex distance was unlikely near to a certain extent, but because this mapping relations are based on the base station, so can't provide general mapping ruler, the PN multiplex distance still will lean on the designer artificially to guarantee, this method itself can not predict theoretical minimum multiplex distance.In addition, this method guarantees to add the station by the mode of reserving PN, reserves how many PN and could guarantee not only to satisfy adding the station requirement but also keeping multiplexing group of coverage to be unlikely to too small, all is still waiting answer.
Summary of the invention
Based on bringing the destabilizing factor of hiding for the wireless network running quality to the randomness of pilot tone planning in the present cdma network planning, and bring the technical problem of planning bottleneck for the dilatation construction of network later stage, the present invention proposes a kind of method that can effectively carry out pilot tone planning and satisfy the smooth expansion demand, specifically is a kind of method that realizes ordered allocation of pilot frequency in code division multiple access system.
The present invention is achieved in that
A kind of method that realizes ordered allocation of pilot frequency in code division multiple access system comprises the steps: at least
First step: by analyzing potential network size and dilatation demand, contrast the network size of similar frequency bands or near frequency band, determine the covering radius of compact district, non-dense set district minimum cell;
Second step: according to the network complexity of reality, determine the pilot tone difference of a plurality of sub-districts under the value of pilot tone increment and the base station, and then all patterns available are divided into some pilot group;
Third step:, obtain the pilot frequency multiplexing distance according to the covering radius of minimum cell and the pilot tone increment value of determining;
The 4th step: with the double length of minimum cell covering radius as the gridline yardstick, the pilot frequency multiplexing zone is a square, the length of side is the pilot frequency multiplexing distance, to the number consecutively in order of the grid in this multiplexing zone, pilot group assignment successively to the grid in the multiplexing zone, is realized interregional pilot frequency multiplexing.
Also comprise the steps:
The 5th step:, do further to amplify to the pilot frequency multiplexing distance of base station, whole network non-dense set district;
The 6th step: whole network is checked, get rid of pilot frequency multiplexing distance result less than normal;
The 7th step: collect the correlated results of pilot frequency multiplexing, be used to check and dilatation.
Adopt the high pass demodulation chip in base station equipment, the pilot interval of two sectors is that pilot tone increment and main lobe direction are under situation, can extrapolate the value of pilot tone increment in described second step according to the base station reverse demodulation ability.
If the interior special circumstances that have two base stations of grid will be carried out following steps and use pilot tone:
For being positioned at the borderline base station of grid division, be positioned at the top grid that belongs on the horizontal line, be positioned at the grid that belongs to the right side on the vertical line.
If the interior special circumstances that have two base stations of grid will be carried out following steps and use pilot tone:
Not enough for pilot group in certain little grid, the preferential primary distribution still remaining pilot group afterwards of using, preferentially use to lattice all around if remaining pilot group runs out, order is from the right, moves towards 8 lattices all around clockwise or counterclockwise and uses.
If the interior special circumstances that have two base stations of grid will be carried out following steps and use pilot tone:
The assignment if grid quantity greater than the quantity of pilot group, then starts anew is up to all by assignment.
If the interior special circumstances that have two base stations of grid will be carried out following steps and use pilot tone:
If the quantity of pilot group is the multiple of grid quantity then composes in each grid and give a plurality of pilot tones.
If the interior special circumstances that have two base stations of grid will be carried out following steps and use pilot tone:
If also have residue after assignment is finished, then give over to standbyly, some base station number that can lend this assignment is than multi-grid usefulness, and the dilatation adjustment that also can leave for is from now on used.
The existing patent of contrast, major technique characteristics of the present invention are:
1, become unordered orderly the filling a vacancy that be assigned as, the method standard is quick;
2, can estimate the minimum PN multiplex distance that limited by the PN resource;
3, the ground physics and chemistry of " digging pit earlier, the planting radish again " mode of filling a vacancy can guarantee can not cause minimum PN multiplex distance obviously to diminish because of artificial origin and a spot of station factor that adds;
4, in the long duration, guarantee newly to add station planning PN and pre-determine, can not cause that the whole network plans PN again because of adding the station;
Adopt the method for the invention, have that flow process is clear, the effect of wide adaptability, can once cook up the pilot tone of super-huge network efficiently, compactly, and just considered dilatation problem from now at first stage of construction, therefore the network capacity extension does not from now on need to plan again and has used pilot tone, can not impacted with network.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that the cdma wireless network that is used for provided by the invention distributes the multiplexing flow process of PN in order;
Fig. 2 is a specific embodiment of PN multiplexing process flow process of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the method for the invention is further described:
The present invention proposes the method that the cdma network pilot tone is planned.Under the prerequisite that minimum covering radius in this method sub-district in to planning and pilot tone increment (Pilot_INC) are rationally set,, each grid is distributed pilot group in order, carry out interregional pilot frequency multiplexing then by setting the lattice dimensions in pilot frequency multiplexing zone.
The present invention can be used in the cdma wireless network initial stage pilot tone planning process, also can be used for having smooth expansion, existing network being impacted little characteristics in the pilot tone planning of later stage network capacity extension hypothesis.
The method of the invention flow chart as shown in Figure 1.
The critical process that this method realizes is described below:
1, analyzes potential network size and dilatation demand, and then determine minimum cell covering radius in dense city, general city, suburb, rural area.The analysis of carrying out the potential network scale can be adopted the method for comparison, with reference to this operator or the rival network size at similar frequency bands or near frequency band;
2, suppose that base station equipment adopts the high pass demodulation chip, pilot interval two sectors is that pilot tone increment (Pilot_INC) and main lobe direction are under situation, can extrapolate the covering radius of sub-district under dense city and the non-dense set city according to the base station reverse demodulation ability, in conjunction with actual network complexity, pilot tone increment (Pilot_INC) value of decision present networks.Need to determine the pilot tone difference of a plurality of sub-districts under the base station in addition, in conjunction with pilot tone increment (Pilot_INC) value of having determined, all patterns available are divided into some pilot group (PN group) like this;
3, the multiplex distance of PN is the bigger the better in principle, finally is subject to pilot tone increment (Pilot_INC) value but theoretical derivation shows the multiplex distance of pilot group.At first consider the equally distributed situation in base station: suppose that radius of society is r, cover and be shaped as standard regular hexagon radio honeycomb that then the area coverage of a base station is: 6 * 1/2 * sin (60) * r
2=2.6 * r
2, the area approximation that the base station covers in the desirable multiplexing zone of a n * n sub-district is: 2.6r
2* n
2, the square multiplexing length of side that base station group covers is (2.6r
2* n
2)
1/2=1.61n * r supposes that multiplex distance is k * r, 1.61n * r=k * r then, and k=1.61n that is to say: n=0.62k.
Total base station number: n * n=(0.62k)
2=0.3844k
2
All PN sign indicating number resource is 512, supposes that there are 3 sectors the base station, and then according to the pilot tone increment of determining (pilot_INC), available pilot group quantity is: 512/pilot_INC/3.For matched base stations quantity and patterns available group, following equation: 0.3844k is arranged
2=512/pilot_INC/3, k=(443.98196/pilot_INC)
1/2
4, obtain the minimum covering radius of sub-district in the planning, with the double length of this radius as the gridline yardstick.A pilot frequency multiplexing zone is a square, and the length of side is the pilot frequency multiplexing distance, is k * r, therefore total k
2/ 4 grids are to the number consecutively in order of the grid in this zone;
5, pilot group assignment is successively given little grid in the multiplexing zone.If the interior special circumstances that have two base stations of grid will be used pilot tone according to certain principle; These principles are summarized as follows:
(1) is positioned at the ownership of the borderline base station of grid division: be positioned at the top grid that belongs on the horizontal line, be positioned at the grid that belongs to the right side on the vertical line.
(2) pilot group is not enough in certain little grid: preferentially use primary distribution still remaining pilot group afterwards, if running out, remaining pilot group preferentially uses to lattice all around, order is from the right, uses to 8 lattices all around clockwise or counterclockwise.
(3) if grid quantity greater than the quantity of pilot group, the assignment that then starts anew is up to all by assignment.
(4) if the quantity of pilot group be the multiple of grid quantity then compose give a plurality of pilot tones in each grid.
(5) if assignment also has residue after finishing, then give over to standbyly, some base station number that can lend this assignment is than multi-grid usefulness, and the dilatation adjustment that also can leave for is from now on used.
6, can further amplify for the pilot frequency multiplexing distance in some rural area, countryside the top suitable adjustment of PN planning carrying out according to zones of different, different terrain landforms in the whole network;
7, by computer or check the result of the whole network planning manually, get rid of pilot frequency multiplexing distance result less than normal, guarantee that the whole network is qualified;
8, the relevant output document of last pilot tone planning is filed, be convenient to checking and expansion planning from now on.
Pilot tone with somewhere cdma network first stage of construction is planned to example below, introduces implementation procedure of the present invention.
This network concentrates on the combination area of city and country of a urban district and periphery, nearly 200 of number of base stations, case using method flow process as shown in Figure 2,800 hours altogether whole research period.
It is as follows that method is handled Main Stage:
1, network size analysis: this planning of urban district has 186 base stations, 1800GSM system (base station is near 700) with reference to operator, there is the potential demand that adds the dilatation of standing in the future, PN planning must be done to consider comprehensively, not only to solve the demand of present network, and to stay sufficient leeway for dilatation in the future, add station, dilatation in the future and just do not need PN re-career the whole network.Otherwise the planning of back will be very difficult.
2, PILOT_INC chooses and the determining of PN group: consider factors such as base station density in the future, adopting PILOT_INC is 3, the base station all is 3 sectors, then all patterns available are once used fully, can distribute to 512/3/3=56 base station, the PN of each base station is called PN group, and we also still distribute a PN group even if biparting district, omni-base station are arranged.Adopt the mode of 168 increments between each sector that PN is set.
3, determining of PN multiplex distance: the minimum cell covering radius according to compare of analysis XX city will reach 0.5km, so multiplex distance is 6km.In order to ensure the multiplex distance of 6km, increase 1km, multiplexing of selecting 7km * 7km for use.
4, determining and ordering of little lattice dimensions:, begin spiral type 1～49 assignment successively according to the upper right corner with multiplexing 49 little grids that divide 1km * 1km into.
5, grid PN group assignment: 1～No. 49 PN is organized successively assignment give little grid, remaining standby.
6, the whole network adjustment: according to the topography and geomorphology of reality, the western part in this city, east, south belong to the covering radius that each base station could be strengthened and then increase in the less suburb of base station density, rural area multiplex distance.
7, the whole network is checked: by manually checking on electronic chart and using optimization tool to carry out the multiplex distance inspection, the minimum multiplex distance of this planning is 7.1km.
8, planning document filing: " XX city PN plans template layer " (mapinfo schemes layer), will be as the source of checking from now on and adding station planning; " explanation of XX city PN planning template layer " is convenient to filing and used; " XX city PN plans tabulation " adds in the base station information table and uses as opening the station.
Claims (8)
1. a method that realizes ordered allocation of pilot frequency in code division multiple access system comprises the steps: at least
First step: by analyzing potential network size and dilatation demand, contrast the network size of similar frequency bands or near frequency band, determine the covering radius of compact district, non-dense set district minimum cell;
Second step: according to the network complexity of reality, determine the pilot tone difference of a plurality of sub-districts under the value of pilot tone increment and the base station, and then all patterns available are divided into some pilot group;
Third step:, obtain the pilot frequency multiplexing distance according to the covering radius of minimum cell and the pilot tone increment value of determining;
The 4th step: with the double length of minimum cell covering radius as the gridline yardstick, the pilot frequency multiplexing zone is a square, the length of side is the pilot frequency multiplexing distance, to the number consecutively in order of the grid in this multiplexing zone, pilot group assignment successively to the grid in the multiplexing zone, is realized interregional pilot frequency multiplexing.
2. in code division multiple access system, realize the method for ordered allocation of pilot frequency according to claim 1, it is characterized in that also comprising the steps:
The 5th step:, do further to amplify to the pilot frequency multiplexing distance of base station, whole network non-dense set district;
The 6th step: whole network is checked, get rid of pilot frequency multiplexing distance result less than normal;
The 7th step: collect the correlated results of pilot frequency multiplexing, be used to check and dilatation.
3. in code division multiple access system, realize the method for ordered allocation of pilot frequency as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that:
Adopt the high pass demodulation chip in base station equipment, the pilot interval of two sectors is that pilot tone increment and main lobe direction are under situation, can extrapolate the value of pilot tone increment in described second step according to the base station reverse demodulation ability.
4. in code division multiple access system, realize the method for ordered allocation of pilot frequency according to claim 1, it is characterized in that if the interior special circumstances that have two base stations of grid will be carried out following steps and use pilot tone:
For being positioned at the borderline base station of grid division, be positioned at the top grid that belongs on the horizontal line, be positioned at the grid that belongs to the right side on the vertical line.
5. in code division multiple access system, realize the method for ordered allocation of pilot frequency according to claim 1, it is characterized in that if the interior special circumstances that have two base stations of grid will be carried out following steps and use pilot tone:
Not enough for pilot group in certain little grid, the preferential primary distribution still remaining pilot group afterwards of using, preferentially use to lattice all around if remaining pilot group runs out, order is from the right, moves towards 8 lattices all around clockwise or counterclockwise and uses.
6. in code division multiple access system, realize the method for ordered allocation of pilot frequency according to claim 1, it is characterized in that if the interior special circumstances that have two base stations of grid will be carried out following steps and use pilot tone:
The assignment if grid quantity greater than the quantity of pilot group, then starts anew is up to all by assignment.
7. in code division multiple access system, realize the method for ordered allocation of pilot frequency according to claim 1, it is characterized in that if the interior special circumstances that have two base stations of grid will be carried out following steps and use pilot tone:
If the quantity of pilot group is the multiple of grid quantity then composes in each grid and give a plurality of pilot tones.
8. in code division multiple access system, realize the method for ordered allocation of pilot frequency according to claim 1, it is characterized in that if the interior special circumstances that have two base stations of grid will be carried out following steps and use pilot tone:
If also have residue after assignment is finished, then give over to standbyly, some base station number that can lend this assignment is than multi-grid usefulness, and the dilatation adjustment that also can leave for is from now on used.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2004100688696A CN100375400C (en) | 2004-07-13 | 2004-07-13 | A method for implementing ordered allocation of pilot frequency in CDMA system |
| PCT/CN2004/001486 WO2006005236A1 (en) | 2004-07-13 | 2004-12-21 | Method for pilot offset number multiplex planning in cdma network |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2004100688696A CN100375400C (en) | 2004-07-13 | 2004-07-13 | A method for implementing ordered allocation of pilot frequency in CDMA system |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1722624A CN1722624A (en) | 2006-01-18 |
| CN100375400C true CN100375400C (en) | 2008-03-12 |
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| CNB2004100688696A Expired - Fee Related CN100375400C (en) | 2004-07-13 | 2004-07-13 | A method for implementing ordered allocation of pilot frequency in CDMA system |
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| WO (1) | WO2006005236A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101163314B (en) * | 2006-12-26 | 2010-04-21 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Automatically planning pilot method in code division multiple access system |
| CN101420258B (en) * | 2007-10-26 | 2012-07-18 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Method for automatic PN planning in CDMA network |
| CN101730114B (en) * | 2009-11-16 | 2012-07-11 | 深圳市优网科技有限公司 | Determining method and device of neighbor cells |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6490313B1 (en) * | 1999-12-11 | 2002-12-03 | Verizon Laboratories Inc. | System and method for PN offset index planning in a digital CDMA cellular network |
| CN1428956A (en) * | 2001-12-27 | 2003-07-09 | 杨大成 | Pilot phase automatic distribution method of CDMA system with high effectivity |
| US6618432B1 (en) * | 1997-12-11 | 2003-09-09 | Verizon Laboratories Inc. | Systems and methods for minimizing interference and optimizing PN planning in CDMA networks |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5883889A (en) * | 1997-02-06 | 1999-03-16 | Northern Telecom Limited | Directional pseudonoise offset assignment in a CDMA cellular radiotelephone system |
| US6922435B2 (en) * | 2000-09-29 | 2005-07-26 | Qualcomm Inc | Method and apparatus for generating PN sequences at arbitrary phases |
| CN100373838C (en) * | 2004-01-08 | 2008-03-05 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | PN programming method used for CDMA honeycomb system |
-
2004
- 2004-07-13 CN CNB2004100688696A patent/CN100375400C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-12-21 WO PCT/CN2004/001486 patent/WO2006005236A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6618432B1 (en) * | 1997-12-11 | 2003-09-09 | Verizon Laboratories Inc. | Systems and methods for minimizing interference and optimizing PN planning in CDMA networks |
| US6490313B1 (en) * | 1999-12-11 | 2002-12-03 | Verizon Laboratories Inc. | System and method for PN offset index planning in a digital CDMA cellular network |
| CN1428956A (en) * | 2001-12-27 | 2003-07-09 | 杨大成 | Pilot phase automatic distribution method of CDMA system with high effectivity |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| IS-95 CDMA系统基站导频的规划. 赵光泽，吴家滨.电信科学，第3期. 1998 * |
| 基于IS-95的CDMA导频PN偏置规划. 袁俊良.电信快报，第10期. 2000 * |
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|---|---|
| WO2006005236A1 (en) | 2006-01-19 |
| CN1722624A (en) | 2006-01-18 |
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