CN100371784C - Liquid crystal display device capable of increasing aperture ratio and visual angle - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a liquid crystal display element. The liquid crystal display device includes a thin film transistor substrate, an optical phase retardation layer on the thin film transistor substrate, and a transmissive electrode layer. The bottom of the TFT substrate is provided with a first polarizing film, the optical phase retardation layer has a low dielectric coefficient and a transmissive electrode layer is positioned on the optical phase retardation layer, wherein the optical phase retardation layer performs phase compensation to offset phase retardation caused by light with an oblique incident angle passing through liquid crystal between a liquid crystal display substrate and the TFT substrate to increase the visual angle of the LCD, and the second polarizing film is positioned on the top of the liquid crystal display substrate.

Description

Liquid crystal display element with increased aperture ratio and viewing angle

【Technical field】

The invention relates to a liquid crystal display element, in particular to a liquid crystal display element with high aperture ratio and large viewing angle.

【Background technique】

Liquid crystal display technology is currently one of the most advanced flat panel display technologies with the highest market acceptance, and is widely used in computer information, communication and consumer electrical products. Compared with conventional display technology using cathode ray tubes, liquid crystal display technology utilizes a completely flat and completely different imaging principle to provide a display with advantages such as light weight and thin thickness.

Although liquid crystal display technology has the above-mentioned advantages, there are still some bottlenecks that must be continuously researched and improved in order to break through. For example, one of the bottlenecks of liquid crystal display technology is the problem of aperture ratio, and aperture ratio refers to the light transmittance ratio, that is, the effective area through which each pixel can transmit light is divided by the total area of the pixel. The higher the aperture ratio, the better the overall picture. brighter. Another bottleneck of LCD technology is the viewing angle, and the viewing angle of an LCD is limited by the phase delay caused by light passing through the liquid crystal. Therefore, it is necessary to continuously improve the liquid crystal display technology in order to break through and develop a liquid crystal display with a high aperture ratio and a large viewing angle.

【Content of invention】

In view of the above-mentioned disadvantages of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal display element, which is applied to a liquid crystal display to achieve a high aperture ratio and a large viewing angle.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal display element, which is applied to a liquid crystal display to reduce the problem of image sticking.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal display element, which can be used in a liquid crystal display to increase the electrode area without cross talk.

Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal display element, which can be applied to a liquid crystal display to provide low-cost optical compensation.

The present invention provides a kind of liquid crystal display element, this liquid crystal display element comprises

A thin film transistor substrate, an optical phase delay layer are located on the thin film transistor substrate and a penetrating electrode layer. The bottom surface of the thin film transistor substrate has a first polarizing film, the optical phase retardation layer has a low dielectric coefficient and a penetrating electrode layer is located on the optical phase retardation layer, wherein the optical phase retardation layer performs phase compensation to offset the The phase retardation caused by the light with an oblique incident angle passing through the liquid crystal between a liquid crystal display substrate and the thin film transistor substrate increases the viewing angle of the liquid crystal display. The second polarizing film is located on the top of a liquid crystal display substrate.

The features of the present invention as described above will be described in detail in the following preferred embodiments.

【Description of drawings】

FIG. 1A shows a top view of part of a pixel circuit layout including gate lines, data lines and penetrating electrodes;

FIG. 1B shows a top view of part of another pixel circuit layout including gate lines, data lines and penetrating electrodes; and

FIG. 2 shows a cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal display element of the present invention.

【Detailed ways】

The present invention mainly provides a liquid crystal display device, which will be described in detail below. The embodiment of the present invention is mainly to solve the problems described in the prior art, but the patent scope of the present invention is not limited to the following figures and descriptions of the embodiments, but should be based on the scope and spirit of the applied patent allow.

Referring to FIG. 1A , it shows a top view of part of a pixel circuit layout (Pixel Layout) including a gate line (Gate Line) 102, a data line (Data Line) 104 and a transparent electrode (Transparent Electrode) 106. In order to prevent the problem of signal interaction between different wires such as gate line 102, data line 104 and penetrating electrode 106, penetrating electrode 106 can only be as close as possible to gate line 102, data line 104, because the aperture ratio refers to the light transmission The ratio, that is, the effective light-transmitting area of each pixel divided by the total area of the pixel, means that the aperture ratio of the pixel circuit layout shown in FIG. 1A is quite limited. FIG. 1B shows a top view of part of another pixel circuit layout including gate lines 102, data lines 104 and through electrodes 106'. Before forming the penetrating electrode 106', an organic dielectric layer with a low dielectric constant (not shown in the top view) is formed on the gate line 102 and the data line 104, so the penetrating electrode 106' can be very close to the gate line. The pole lines 102 and the data lines 104 even overlap with the gate lines 102 and the data lines 104 to increase the aperture ratio without causing severe signal interference.

FIG. 2 shows a cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal display device 200 of the present invention. The liquid crystal display device 200 includes substrates 202 and 204 , a phase retardation organic dielectric layer 206 with a low dielectric constant, transmissive electrodes 208 and 210 , and polarizing films 212 and 214 . The substrate 202 further includes a color filter. The thickness of the phase delay organic dielectric layer 206 with a low dielectric constant is between about 0.1 microns and 10 microns. The material of the phase retardation organic dielectric layer 206 with a low dielectric constant is selected from polyimide (Polyimide), polyamide (Polyamide), polyester (Polyester), polyaldehyde (Polyacetal), polycarbonate (Polycarbonate) , Polyamideimide (Polyamideimide), polyesterimide (Polyesterimide) one of them. The following chemical formulas belong to polyimide and polyamide compounds respectively, and ε is the dielectric constant.

Natural light is unpolarized light, and the polarizing film polarizes the natural unpolarized light so that only light with a specific amplitude direction passes through. The liquid crystal material is a material with birefringence. When the light with an oblique incident angle passes through the liquid crystal molecules, it will be divided into two refracted rays, namely, ordinary ray (Ordinary Ray) and extraordinary ray (Extraordinary Ray). Therefore, when the light passes through the liquid crystal molecules, a phenomenon of phase retardation will occur. Therefore, a compensation film is generally used to compensate the phase delay phenomenon caused by the light passing through the liquid crystal molecules, so as to increase the viewing angle of the liquid crystal display.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the liquid crystal display element of the present invention utilizes a phase delay organic dielectric layer with a low dielectric constant that is formed on the gate lines and data lines of the thin film transistor substrate before forming the penetrating electrodes. To make the penetrating electrodes as close as possible to the gate lines and the data lines or even overlap with the gate lines and the data lines, so as to increase the aperture ratio without causing serious signal mutual interference. In addition, the phase delay organic dielectric layer with low dielectric constant also has the function of phase delay/compensation to increase the viewing angle of the liquid crystal display. In FIG. 1B , a phase delay organic dielectric layer with a low dielectric constant is formed on the gate line 102, the data line 104 and under the through electrode 106' to increase the aperture ratio of the liquid crystal display.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention; all other equivalent changes or modifications that do not deviate from the spirit disclosed in the present invention should be included in the following within the scope of the patent application.

Claims (5)

1. LCD element, this LCD element comprises:

One membrane transistor substrate, this membrane transistor substrate bottom surface has one first light polarizing film;

One light phase retardation layer is positioned on the gate line and data line of this membrane transistor substrate and this thin film transistor base plate, and this light phase retardation layer has a low-k; And

One through electrode layer is positioned on this light phase retardation layer.

2. LCD element according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the thickness range of this light phase retardation layer is 0.1 to 10 micron.

3. LCD element according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, this light phase retardation layer carries out phase compensation and passes the caused phase delay of liquid crystal between a liquid crystal display substrate and this membrane transistor substrate to offset by the light with oblique incidence angle, with the angle of visibility of increase LCD, and this second light polarizing film is positioned at a liquid crystal display substrate top.

4. LCD element according to claim 1 is characterized in that, this through electrode layer and this light phase retardation layer cover the gate line and the data line of this membrane transistor substrate.

5. LCD element according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the material of this light phase retardation layer for be selected from polyimide, polyamide, polyester, polyacetals, polycarbonate, polyamide imines, polyester-imide one of them.

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