CN100368995C - Upgrading device and method in operation for monolithic processor system - Google Patents
Upgrading device and method in operation for monolithic processor system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention provides an updating device and a method in the process of running of a single chip computer system, which relate to the technical field of electron. The present invention solves the problem that the single chip computer system can not be upgraded in the process of running or can be upgraded in the process of running but can not realize the automatic reverse function of the original program if the programming process is in failure or a new program is in failure. The present invention comprises a single chip computer part, a program storing part and a data buffering part. The present invention firstly selects an application program storage area of an application program of a system to be loaded, writes the application program of the system into the application program storage area, and judges whether the application program of the system is accurate or not. If the application program of the system is accurate, the load is completed. If the application program of the system is not accurate, the application program of the system before the system is upgraded is returned.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electronic technology field, especially relate to the apparatus and method that a kind of Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system is in operation and upgrades.
Background technology
At present, device upgrade is something that electronic product often runs into.For Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system, Yun Hang program code all is solidificated in ROM (Read-Only Memory at ordinary times, ROM (read-only memory)) among the flash ROM that chip or single-chip microcomputer carry, therefore the software upgrading of single-chip microcomputer must be carried out power down burning new procedures again, the meeting of not only troublesome poeration, and power down influences the normal operation of system.
Part producer is by improving cpu chip now, and the chip microcontroller of releasing enhancement function is in the plate load software and the load software function that is in operation.For example the P89C51RX+ series monolithic can select to be to use firmware program also to be to use the flash program, load flash software if select to use firmware program just to can be implemented in plate, and such chip support program upgrading that is in operation, such chip provides the relevant function interface of wiping and programme, routine call use in supply, with the upgrading that is in operation of realization flash program.
But, above-mentioned enhancement mode single-chip microcomputer is when reloading flash software, need manually PSEN (the Program Store Enable of control CPU, the procedure stores permission), ALE (AddressLatch Enable, address latch allows) and EA (External Access Enable, the external reference permission) three pins are realized loading at plate once more.If the firmware program pointer is revised by mistake, then can only wipe programming again by programmable device.Such single-chip microcomputer needs the deviser to be familiar with the programming function and the correlation parameter of this chip, technical difficulty height, the risk height of programming when being implemented in the function of upgrading in service.Simultaneously because upgrade function is directly to realize in application program of user, keep the preceding program of upgrading, also do not refund the mechanism of original program, if programming process is made mistakes or new procedures is made mistakes, can't realize that original Automatic Program refunds, may cause expendable serious consequence.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide the apparatus and method that a kind of Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system is in operation and upgrades, to overcome in the prior art Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system maybe can the be in operation upgrading but if programming process is made mistakes or new procedures is made mistakes of upgrading that can not be in operation, can't realize that original Automatic Program refunds the defective of function.
The invention provides the device that a kind of Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system is in operation and upgrades, comprise the single-chip microcomputer portion that is provided at upgrading user application platform in service, storage system application program program storage part and deposit the application's data buffer part of to be written and verification, other linker storage part of single chip part and data buffering portion carry out read-write operation to program storage part and data buffering portion.
According to one aspect of the present invention, described single-chip microcomputer portion comprises ROM (read-only memory) in the sheet that contains the system start-up program.
According to another aspect of the present invention, described system start-up program further comprises the function entrance address of function entrance address, the loading application programs of the application program of system break, the function entrance address of revising the Application Status sign, operation start-up routine and the specific address of the indexed variable that runs application and the specific address of the indexed variable that interrupt service routine is selected.
According to another aspect of the present invention, described program storage part further comprises application storage district A, application storage district B and logo area.
According to another aspect of the present invention, described application storage district A or application storage district B comprise the application program of system.
According to another aspect of the present invention, the application program of described system further comprises the function entrance address of function entrance address, the loading application programs of the application program of system break, the function entrance address of revising the Application Status sign, operation start-up routine and the specific address of the indexed variable that runs application and the specific address of the indexed variable that interrupt service routine is selected.
According to another aspect of the present invention, described logo area is deposited the Status Flag and the memory block selection marker of program in the application storage district.
The invention provides the method that a kind of Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system is in operation and upgrades, may further comprise the steps:
The application storage district that the application program of loading system is wanted in A, selection;
B, the application program of system is write described application storage district;
C, judge whether the application program of described system is correct,, then load and finish if correct; If incorrect, then change step D;
D, return the application program of system before the upgrading.
According to another aspect of the present invention, steps A is specially, if current system does not use application storage district A, then selects the application program of application storage district A loading system, otherwise selects the application program of application storage district B loading system.
According to another aspect of the present invention, step B further comprises:
B1, single-chip microcomputer portion receive application program to be loaded;
B2, single-chip microcomputer portion write data buffering portion with application program to be loaded;
B3, single-chip microcomputer portion receive the order of loading application programs;
B4, single-chip microcomputer portion write the application storage district with the data of data buffering portion.
According to another aspect of the present invention, among step B1 or the B3, single-chip microcomputer portion receives data by serial ports and compunication.
According to another aspect of the present invention, among step B1 or the B3, single-chip microcomputer portion receives data by parallel port and compunication.
According to another aspect of the present invention, step C is specially, and moves the application program of described system, if this program all interrupt and master routine is all carried out one time and normally, then this program is correct; If by watchdog reset, then this program is incorrect in this program operation process.
According to another aspect of the present invention, step D is specially, and revising the memory block selection marker is the Another application program storage area, and moves the application program in this application storage district.
The invention provides the method that a kind of Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system is in operation and upgrades, may further comprise the steps:
A, single-chip microcomputer portion read the application program of the preceding system of upgrading in the application storage district;
The application program of system write data buffering portion before B, single-chip microcomputer portion will upgrade;
The application program of system before the upgrading in C, the single-chip microcomputer portion service data buffer part;
D, single-chip microcomputer portion write the application storage district with the application program of system to be upgraded.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
Use the present invention and can make the Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system upgrading that is in operation, needn't use programmable device, need not to extract the single-board replacement chip, reduce the manpower and materials cost of system maintenance, the saving maintenance time.Use user of the present invention and only need burning primary system start-up routine, the debugging of application program can realize by on-line loaded, need not use emulator, can guarantee that the program after the debugging is directly used, not have the emulator off line situation about can't normally move sometimes of using.Use the present invention and can realize remote upgrade by network, and if the program after the upgrading make mistakes, can realize refunding automatically original program; Can also force to carry out the operation that application program is refunded original version by remote command.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a system construction drawing of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the hardware circuit diagram that adopts a kind of Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is when adopting Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system shown in Figure 2, the system start-up program flow diagram.
Fig. 4 is when adopting Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system shown in Figure 2, the system application process flow diagram.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail:
System architecture of the present invention as shown in Figure 1, this system communicates by serial ports or parallel port and computing machine.This system comprises single-chip microcomputer portion, three parts of program storage part and data buffering portion.Wherein program storage part further comprises application storage district A, application storage district B and logo area.Single-chip microcomputer portion can read and write program storage part and data buffering portion respectively.
Hardware circuit with Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system shown in Figure 2 is embodiment below, and the present invention is described in detail.With reference to Fig. 2, this system comprises single-chip microcomputer portion, three parts of program storage part and data buffering portion.Single-chip microcomputer portion adopts the AT89C51 chip as CPU, and the ROM space is used for storage system start-up routine BOOT in the 4K sheet that this chip carries, and the 31st pin meets VCC, and the assurance program brings into operation from the BOOT program, and the process flow diagram of BOOT program as shown in Figure 3.Program storage part adopts the M29F040B chip as flash ROM, the application A PP of this chip storage system, and the process flow diagram of APP program is as shown in Figure 4.The M29F040B chip has 8 sectors, and there is the 64K byte space each sector, and the support of this chip is independently programmed to the sector.No. 0 sector is application storage district A in this chip, is used for the program code of the application A PP0 of storage system; No. 1 the sector is application storage district B, is used for the program code of the application A PP1 of storage system; No. 2 sectors are logo area, and wherein the address is the Status Flag that the APP0 program is deposited in the space of 0x1000～0x1003, is masked as 0x55555555 and represents first operation, are masked as 0xAAAAAAAA and represent normally, other sign expression faults; The address is the Status Flag that the APP1 program is deposited in the space of 0xl004～0x1007, is masked as 0x55555555 and represents first operation, is masked as 0xAAAAAAAA and represents normally, other sign expression faults; The address is the sector label that the APP program place that current selection will move is deposited in the space of 0x1008, is masked as the APP0 program that 0x00 represents No. 0 sector, is masked as the APP1 program that 0xFF represents No. 1 sector.Data buffering portion adopts the CY62256 chip as RAM (Random Access Memory, random access memory).
Single-chip microcomputer portion uses 10 pin of AT89C51 and 11 pin to cooperate MAX232 chip and computing machine to carry out serial communication, transmits and receive data; Use the chip of 3 foot control system system read-writes operation, when 3 pin are 1, read-write operation CY62256 chip; When 3 pin are 0, read-write operation M29F040B chip.Because 3 pin were 1 when system powered on, so acquiescence selects the CY62256 chip as read-write object.When needs read-write operation M29F040B chip, carry out the operation of one 3 pin zero clearing earlier, after the read-write, carry out one 3 pin at once and put one operation, guarantee operation M29F040B chip after, can normal running CY62256 chip.Because the M29F040B chip when program is normally moved, as the program storage of system, carries out instruction fetch control so handle/PSTN signal is introduced the M29F040B chip.In addition, because the M29F040B address realm surpasses 64K, single-chip microcomputer portion uses selecting between 1 pin of AT89C51 and No. 0 sector that 2 pin signals are realized the M29F040B chip, No. 1 sector and No. 2 sectors.
The address space of this Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system is allocated as follows:
The ROM space:
The address is that the allocation of space of 0x0000～0x0FFF is the BOOT program space in the AT89C51 chip; The address is that the allocation of space of 0x1000～0xFFFF is the APP program space in the M29F040B chip.
Ram space:
When 3 pin of AT89C51 chip are 1, operation CY62256 chip, this moment, the address was that the allocation of space of 0x0000～0x0FFF is the spatial cache of BOOT program variable space and APP program to be loaded; The address is that the allocation of space of 0x1000～0xFFFF is APP program variable space.
When 3 pin of AT89C51 chip are 0, operation M29F040B chip, this moment, the address was that the allocation of space of 0x1000～0xFFFF is to be written and the space of the APP program of verification.
Equipment for first processing the present invention includes following steps:
Step s101, selection will load the application storage district X of APP program.If current system does not use application storage district A, then selecting application storage district A is application storage district X, loads the APP program, is application storage district X otherwise select application storage district B, loads the APP program.Because equipment is processed for the first time, application storage district A, B are empty (state is a fault), do not have available APP program, so software selects application storage district A to be used for loading the APP program.
Step s102,10 pin and 11 pin and the computing machine of BOOT program by AT89C51 communicates, and receives APP program to be loaded.
Step s103, the BOOT program writes the CY62256 chip by 26～39 pin of AT89C51 with APP program to be loaded.
Step s104,10 pin and 11 pin and the computing machine of BOOT program by AT89C51 communicates, and receives the order that loads the APP program.
Step s105, the BOOT program writes M29F040B chip corresponding application program memory block A by 1～4 and 26～39 pin of AT89C51 with the data in the CY62256 chip.Again read application storage district A data then and carry out verification, judge whether to load and make mistakes.This process can be divided into the N piece with object code according to the cache size of distributing APP program to be loaded in the size of APP program object code and the design, adopts the mode that repeatedly transmits, loads to carry out.
Step s106 is first operation in logo area with the Status Flag of APP0 program.
Step s107, the sector label at the APP program place that logo area will be moved current selection is the APP0 program of No. 0 sector.
Step s108 carries out system reset by house dog.
Step s109, the BOOT program is a fault with the Status Flag of the APP0 program of logo area.
Step s110, operation APP0 program.If all interruptions of this program were all carried out, master routine also carry out one time normal, then the Status Flag with the APP0 program of logo area be that normally upgrading is finished; If by watchdog reset, then change step s111 in this program operation process.
Step s111, because the Status Flag of APP0 program is a fault, and application storage district B is empty (state is a fault), so enter the major cycle of BOOT program, wait command is reloaded new APP program.Getting back to step s101 restarts.
Equipment for normally having moved the present invention includes following steps:
Step s201, system is after normally moving the APP program, receiving upgrade request, and the APP program jumps in the BOOT program and moves.
Step s202, selection will load the application storage district X of APP program.If current system is just using the APP0 program, then selecting application storage district B is application storage district X, is just using the APP1 program if load the current system of APP program, and then selecting application storage district A is application storage district X, loads the APP program.
Step s203,10 pin and 11 pin and the computing machine of BOOT program by AT89C51 communicates, and receives APP program to be loaded.
Step s204, the BOOT program writes the CY62256 chip by 26～39 pin of AT89C51 with APP program to be loaded.
Step s205,10 pin and 11 pin and the computing machine of BOOT program by AT89C51 communicates, and receives the order that loads the APP program.
Step s206, the BOOT program writes M29F040B chip corresponding application program memory block X by 1～4 and 26～39 pin of AT89C51 with the data in the CY62256 chip.Again read application storage district A data then and carry out verification, judge whether to load and make mistakes.This process can be divided into the N piece with object code according to the cache size of distributing APP program to be loaded in the size of APP program object code and the design, adopts the mode that repeatedly transmits, loads to carry out.
Step s207, logo area with application storage district X in the Status Flag of APP program be first operation.
Step s208, the sector label at the APP program place that logo area will be moved current selection is the APP program among the application storage district X.
Step s209 carries out system reset by house dog.
Step s210, the BOOT program is a fault with the Status Flag of the APP program among the application storage district X of logo area.
Step s211 moves this APP program.If all interruptions of this program were all carried out, master routine also carry out one time normal, then the Status Flag with this APP program of logo area be that normally upgrading is finished; If by watchdog reset, then change step s212 in this program operation process.
Step s212, because the APP program of Another Application program storage area can be used, then the sector label at the APP program place that logo area will be moved current selection is the APP program in this application storage district, selects this APP program run then.
Because the function that the user will realize is all in the main body of APP program, so the APP program is often upgraded because of changes of function; And the BOOT program function is fixed, and software debugging success back just no longer changes.For make the upgrading before and the upgrading after the APP program can both correctly mate operation with the BOOT program of system, must guarantee that the interface function of APP program and BOOT program and interface variables address fix, require not want between APP program and the BOOT program other conjunction coupling simultaneously, the change of concrete module in two programs can not influenced each other.The present invention is programmed to two independently programs with BOOT program and APP, and compiling generates corresponding object code respectively, only needs to set in each program the address of interface function and variable, just can make two programs correctly mate operation.Each program is when compiling link, and compiler can not have influence on another program to the optimization of instruction, the aspect factors such as variation of function position, and uses the also loading respectively of convenient two chips of two object codes.
The BOOT program need be determined following interface function and variable:
1, the function entrance address of the APP program of 5 system break.The present invention advises using 0x2003,0x200B, 0x2013,0x201B, five addresses of 0x2023 service routine entry address as 5 interruptions of APP program.
2, load the function entrance address of APP program.The present invention advises using the 0x0F00 address.
3, revise the function entrance address of current APP program state sign.The present invention advises using the 0x0F10 address.
4, the specific address of the indexed variable of current operation BOOT program and operation APP program.The present invention advises using the 0x0000 address.
5, the specific address of the indexed variable of current interrupt service routine selection.The present invention advises using the 0x0001 address.
6, because the address of variable that takies in the APP program, the BOOT program all can not take, and causes conflict in order to avoid rewrite, so the xdata variable space of distributing to the APP program is defined as the global character array in the BOOT program, when avoiding BOOT program dynamic assignment variable, take this regional address.The present invention advises distributing the 60K address of 0x1000～0xFFFF to give APP (can adjust according to actual APP program needs).
Because the address space of interface function is limited, so can finish concrete function by the form of calling subfunction.The interruption entrance function of BOOT program is judged the interruption source earlier, if the interrupt service routine of BOOT program is just called in the interruption of BOOT program, comprises EX0BOOT (), T0BOOT (), EX1BOOT (), T1BOOT () and S0BOOT (); If APP function interrupt service routine is just called in the interruption of APP program, comprise EX0APP (), T0APP (), EX1APP (), T1APP () and S0APP ().
The specific address binding of interface function can be carried out when C51 links.Edit a BOOT.TXT file, whether when link operation L51.EXE@BOOT.TXT after the program compiler (increases that annex give an example or direct copied text is come then.), just can realize the specific address binding of related function.
The specific address binding of interface variables can define global variable and binding variable specific address in the header file of BOOT.C.For example:
char?xdata?flagCode_at_0x0000；
char?xdata?flagInterrupt_at_0x0001；
char?xdata?reserveAPP[61440]_at_0x1000。
The APP program need be determined following interface function and variable:
1, the function entrance address of the APP service routine of 5 system break.The present invention advises that corresponding BOOT program uses 0x2003,0x200B, 0x2013,0x201B, five addresses of 0x2023 service routine entry address as 5 interruptions of APP program.
2, load the function entrance address of APP program.The present invention advises corresponding BOOT program use 0x0F00.
3, revise the function entrance address of current APP program state sign.The present invention advises corresponding BOOT program use 0x0F10.
4, the specific address of the indexed variable of current operation BOOT program and operation APP program.The present invention advises corresponding BOOT program use 0x0000 address.
5, the specific address of the indexed variable of current interrupt service routine selection.The present invention advises corresponding BOOT program use 0x0001 address.
6, because the address of variable that takies in the BOOT program, the APP program all can not take, and causes conflict in order to avoid rewrite, so the xdata variable space of distributing to the BOOT program is defined as the global character array in the APP program, when avoiding APP program dynamic assignment variable, take this regional address.The present invention advises that the address of the nearly 4K of corresponding BOOT program distribution 0x0002～0x0FFF is as BOOT program variable memory block (can take situation according to the APP variable and carry out correspondence adjustment).
The specific address binding method of interface function is consistent with the binding method of address in the BOOT program.
Because the address space of break in service entrance function is limited, have only 8 bytes, so can in subfunction, carry out concrete service content function by calling the mode of subfunction.
The present invention also has a kind of scheme to can be implemented in the line upgrading, at first single-chip microcomputer portion reads the application program of the preceding system of upgrading in the application storage district, the application program of system write the application program of the preceding system of upgrading in data buffering portion and the service data buffer part before single-chip microcomputer portion will upgrade then, and last single-chip microcomputer portion writes the application storage district with the application program of system to be upgraded.After the system reset, the code of CPU copy ROM is carried out in RAM, operation be exactly program code after upgrading.This scheme also can be finished online upgrading, but complexity is higher, and because the mechanism of original code is refunded in the failure of not upgrading automatically, security performance is bad.
The above only is a preferred implementation of the present invention; should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite that does not break away from the principle of the invention; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the device that Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system is in operation and upgrades is characterized in that, comprising:
Program storage part is used for the application program of storage system; Described program storage part further comprises: application storage district A, application storage district B and logo area;
Described application storage district A and application storage district B are used for application storing, and described application storage district A stores different application programs respectively with application storage district B;
Described logo area is used for depositing the Status Flag and the memory block selection marker of application storage district program.
According to claim 1 Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system be in operation the upgrading device, it is characterized in that also comprise the single-chip microcomputer portion of carrying the system start-up program, described system start-up program further comprises:
The function entrance address of the application program of system break;
The function entrance address of loading application programs;
Revise the function entrance address of Application Status sign;
The specific address of operation start-up routine and the indexed variable that runs application;
The specific address of the indexed variable that interrupt service routine is selected.
3. the be in operation device of upgrading of Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, also comprises data buffering portion, is used to deposit to be written and application program verification.
According to claim 1 Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system be in operation the upgrading device, it is characterized in that the application program of described system further comprises:
The function entrance address of the application program of system break;
The function entrance address of loading application programs;
Revise the function entrance address of Application Status sign;
The specific address of operation start-up routine and the indexed variable that runs application;
The specific address of the indexed variable that interrupt service routine is selected.
5. the be in operation device of upgrading of Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system according to claim 1 is characterized in that the Status Flag of program comprises in the described application storage district: first running mark, normally sign and Reflector.
6. the method that Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system is in operation and upgrades is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
A, according to the Status Flag of program, select to want the application storage district of the application program of loading system;
B, the application program of system is write selected application storage district;
C, according to the memory block selection marker, the operation with described sign corresponding application program memory block in application program;
D, judge whether the application program of described system is moved normally, if then load and finish; Otherwise commentaries on classics step e;
E, return the application program of system before the upgrading.
7. as the be in operation method of upgrading of Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system as described in the claim 6, it is characterized in that, steps A is specially, Status Flag according to program, judge the user mode in application storage district, if current system does not use application storage district A, then select the application program of application storage district A loading system, otherwise select the application program of application storage district B loading system.
8. as the be in operation method of upgrading of Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system as described in the claim 7, it is characterized in that, if the Status Flag of described program is a Reflector, is untapped application storage district with described sign corresponding application program memory block then; If the Status Flag of described program is first running mark or normal sign, then with the application storage district of described sign corresponding application program memory block for using.
9. as the be in operation method of upgrading of Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system as described in the claim 6, it is characterized in that step B further comprises:
B1, single-chip microcomputer portion receive application program to be loaded;
B2, single-chip microcomputer portion write data buffering portion with application program to be loaded;
B3, single-chip microcomputer portion receive the order of loading application programs;
B4, single-chip microcomputer portion write the application storage district with the data of data buffering portion.
10. as the be in operation method of upgrading of Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system as described in the claim 6, it is characterized in that step e is specially, revising the memory block selection marker is the Another application program storage area, and moves the application program in this application storage district.
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| CN101872306B (en) * | 2009-04-21 | 2013-03-20 | 京信通信系统（中国）有限公司 | Embedded system for realizing software updating and software backup and implementation method thereof |
| CN101615128B (en) * | 2009-07-31 | 2012-05-23 | 北京华环电子股份有限公司 | Online upgrade method and device of singlechip |
| CN102402444A (en) * | 2011-11-15 | 2012-04-04 | 北京世纪瑞尔技术股份有限公司 | Method for remotely upgrading software |
| CN102495747A (en) * | 2011-12-10 | 2012-06-13 | 无锡市格力普科技有限公司 | Method for remotely and automatically updating software of intelligent monitoring device of power transmission line |
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