CN100361575C - A kind of plant growth regulator and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a plant growth regulator and a preparing method thereof, which relates to the technical field of agricultural chemicals. The present invention aims at providing a plant growth regulator and a preparing method thereof to solve the problems of high toxicity, no application together with alkaline agricultural chemicals and obvious application range limitations existing in the prior art. In order to overcome the defects existing in the prior art, the present invention has the technical scheme that a plant growth regulator of which the structural formula is RCHOOH+RCOOR is developed, wherein R=C2H5-C6H13. Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the advantages of ideal comprehensive effect, no toxicity, no damage to environment, wide application range, security and convenience, and the quality problem and the safety problem of grain supply and non-staple food supply can be solved in the round. The plant growth regulator is suitable for grain crops, fibre crops, sugar crops, vegetables, fruit trees, etc., and can be used from young seedling periods up to preharvest periods without the limitation of crop growing periods.

Description

A kind of plant growth regulator and preparation method thereof

Technical field:

The invention relates to the technical field of pesticides, in particular to a plant growth regulator and a preparation method thereof.

Background technique:

Plant growth regulators are a class of substances that have similar physiological and biological effects to plant endogenous hormones. It has been found that the functional substances that regulate plant growth and development include auxin, gibberellin, ethylene, cytokinin, abscisic acid, brassinolide, salicylic acid, jasmonic acid and polyamines, etc., which are mainly used in agricultural production It is the first 6 categories.

Two of these categories are described below:

Gibberellin (GA) other names: 920, GA, Qibao.

Preparation: 85% gibberellin crystalline powder, 4% gibberellin emulsifiable concentrate, 40% water-soluble tablet, 40% water-soluble powder. Its action characteristics: gibberellin is a broad-spectrum plant growth regulator. Endogenous gibberellins are ubiquitous in plants, which are one of the important hormones to promote plant growth and development, and are antagonists of inhibitors such as paclobutrazol and chlormequat. Gibberellins can promote cell elongation, stem elongation, leaf enlargement, and promote parthenocarpy and fruit growth, break seed dormancy, change the ratio of female and male flowers, affect flowering time, and reduce flower and fruit shedding. Exogenous gibberellin enters the plant body and has the same physiological effect as endogenous gibberellin. The acute oral toxicity LD ₅₀ is greater than 15000mg/bw.Kg. Gibberellin mainly enters the plant body through leaves, twigs, flowers, seeds or fruits, and then conducts to active growth parts to work. Gibberellins are widely used in agriculture, forestry and horticulture.

Its problems are: ① inconvenient to use: insoluble in water, a small amount of ethanol must be added when preparing, and then made into an aqueous solution. It is easy to fail, so it should be prepared and used immediately; ② There are strict requirements for use: it is acidic and cannot be mixed with alkaline pesticides.

Chlormequat (scientific name: chlorocholine chloride; common name: Zhuanglingbao, Daomaili, Xixixi), the acute oral toxicity LD ₅₀ of pure product mice is 670mg/bw.Kg, industrial product 340.9 mg/bw.Kg, mainly used in cotton, wheat, corn, rice, tobacco and root crops.

The disadvantages are ① side effects: it will affect the ventilation and light transmission of the field, and are prone to diseases; ② there are strict requirements for use: it cannot be mixed with alkaline pesticides. ③The use has its limitations: if it cannot be used for fruit trees.

Invention content:

The present invention provides a plant growth regulator and a preparation method thereof, so as to overcome the problems of high toxicity, inability to be used in conjunction with alkaline pesticides, and obvious limitation of application scope in the prior art.

In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the technical solution of the present invention is to develop a plant growth regulator, which consists of RCOOH and RCOOR wherein: R is C ₂ H ₅ -C ₆ H ₁₃

Its traits and characteristics are as follows:

1. Form: the form is liquid, the color is brown;

2. pH value: pH value is 6.5-8.2;

3. Water solubility: easily soluble in water;

4. Specific gravity: the specific gravity is 1.30~1.40;

5. Smell: No unpleasant smell, non-corrosive and irritating.

The preparation method of above-mentioned plant growth regulator comprises the following steps successively:

(1) material preparation: select levulinic acid and potassium hydroxide with a content of more than 95% for use, then prepare a solution with a concentration of 30% to 45% by solid alkali, and wait for it to cool for subsequent use;

(2) Reaction: Put levulinic acid into the reaction kettle, then add lye, control the reaction temperature at 60°C to 110°C, and continue the reaction for 2.5 to 4.5 hours;

(3) Water and side reaction products are distilled out under reduced pressure, and the distillation temperature is controlled at 75-100°C.

The preferred version of the preparation method of above-mentioned plant growth regulator comprises the following steps successively:

(1) material preparation: select levulinic acid and potassium hydroxide with a content of more than 95% for use, then prepare a solution with a concentration of 35% to 45% by solid alkali, and wait for it to cool for subsequent use;

(2) Reaction: Put levulinic acid into the reaction kettle, then add lye, control the reaction temperature at 70°C to 100°C, and react for 3.5 to 4.0 hours;

(3) Water and side reaction products are distilled out under reduced pressure, and the distillation temperature is controlled at 75-90°C.

The use of high-efficiency pesticides that are safe for humans and animals and friendly to the environment is generally advocated internationally. We choose levulinic acid as the main raw material and react it in an alkaline environment to generate new small molecular linear organic compounds, which do not contain benzene rings, nitrogen heterocycles and oxygen heterocycles. Although it does not have physiological activity itself, it has a strong role in promoting the transportation of sugar compounds in plants, and can activate the activities of various enzymes related to metabolism, so as to fully promote the process of assimilation and improve the efficiency of photosynthesis. Accelerate the transportation of materials, enhance the resistance of crops to adverse environments, and finally obtain high-quality, high-yield, and increased income.

Compared with prior art, the advantage of the present invention is:

1. The comprehensive effect is ideal: ①The plant growth regulator inhibits the formation of ATP in the process of photosynthesis, and the saved light energy can be used to synthesize more organic compounds without high-energy phosphate bonds, promote material transportation, and reduce retention , mainly manifested in dark green leaves, increased and thickened leaf veins, thick leaves, and thick stems; ②In the citric acid cycle, this plant growth regulator can accelerate the formation of enol-enol pyruvate from phosphoenol pyruvate catalyzed by pyruvate kinase The process of pyruvic acid, the latter forms pyruvic acid through intramolecular rearrangement; under certain conditions, pyruvic acid can generate sugar, oxaloacetic acid, malic acid, etc. ③ The plant growth regulator has a regulating effect in the citric acid cycle and the four-carbon dicarboxylic acid cycle, mainly in the production and quality improvement of corn, cotton, potato and other crops and certain leafy vegetables. The effect is quite remarkable; ④The synthesis and transportation of sugars are accelerated, the metabolism is vigorous, the root system is developed, and the stems are thick, so the root absorption capacity and photosynthesis efficiency are greatly improved, and the crop resistance to drought, cold, lodging and pests and diseases is enhanced. ability etc.

2. Non-toxic: the present invention is a broad-spectrum plant growth regulator. In the acute oral toxicity test of mice, the LD ₅₀ of both male and female is greater than 6800 mg/bw Kg. Grading criteria for acute oral toxicity (see Table 1).

Table 1 Grading criteria for acute oral toxicity

level Oral LD₅₀, mg/kg Highly Toxic  ＜55～50

Poisoning and low toxicity 50～500＞500

The product of the invention is non-toxic, friendly to the environment, has a wide application range, is safe and convenient, and can comprehensively solve the quality and safety problems of rice bags and vegetable baskets.

3. It is easy to use and has a broad spectrum: this product can be used when mixed with water, which is very convenient; at the same time, it can be used in combination with other pesticides, and can be used from seedlings to the early harvest stage, without the need for crop growth period limit.

4. Wide range of applications: suitable for food crops, fiber crops, sugar crops, vegetables, fruit trees, etc.

Five, the preparation process is simple: the preparation process of the present invention is simple.

Detailed ways:

The present invention will be described in detail through specific examples below.

The composition of the present invention is, RCOOH and RCOOR wherein: R is C ₂ H ₅ -C ₆ H ₁₃

Its traits and characteristics are as follows:

1. Form: the form is liquid, the color is brown;

2. pH value: pH value is 6.5-8.2;

3. Water solubility: easily soluble in water;

4. Specific gravity: the specific gravity is 1.30~1.40;

5. Smell: No unpleasant smell, non-corrosive and irritating.

The preparation method of above-mentioned product is:

Example 1:

(1) Material preparation: select liquid levulinic acid with a content of 95% for use; prepare a solution with a concentration of 30% potassium hydroxide, and wait for it to cool for later use.

(2) Reaction: Put liquid levulinic acid into the reaction kettle, then slowly add lye until the pH value is 6.5-8.2, control the reaction temperature at 80-90°C; react for 3.5 hours.

(3) Water and side reaction products are distilled out under reduced pressure, and the distillation temperature is controlled at 75-90°C.

Example 2:

(1) Prepare materials: select liquid levulinic acid with a purity of 98% for use; prepare a solution with a concentration of 35% potassium hydroxide, and wait for it to cool for later use.

(2) Reaction: put liquid levulinic acid into the reaction kettle, then add lye until the pH value is 6.5-8.2, control the reaction temperature at 85-95°C; react for 3.5 hours.

(3) Water and side reaction products are distilled out under reduced pressure, and the distillation temperature is controlled at 75-90°C.

Example 3:

(1) Prepare materials: select liquid levulinic acid with a content of 98% for use; prepare a solution with a concentration of 40% potassium hydroxide, and wait for it to cool for later use.

(2) Reaction: Put liquid levulinic acid into the reaction kettle, then add lye until the pH value is 6.5-8.2, control the reaction temperature at 75-85°C, and react for 4.0 hours.

(3) Water and side reaction products are distilled out under reduced pressure, and the distillation temperature is controlled at 75-90°C.

Example 4:

(1) material preparation: select levulinic acid and potassium hydroxide with a content of 95% for use, and then solid alkali is mixed with a concentration of 45% solution, and it is for subsequent use after cooling;

(2) Reaction: Put levulinic acid into the reaction kettle, then add lye, control the reaction temperature at 60°C to 75°C, and continue the reaction for 2.5 hours;

(3) Water and side reaction products are distilled out under reduced pressure, and the distillation temperature is controlled at 90-100°C.

The preparation method of above-mentioned plant growth promoter comprises the following steps successively:

(1) material preparation: select levulinic acid and potassium hydroxide with a content of 98% for use, and then solid alkali is mixed with a concentration of 30% solution, and it is for subsequent use after cooling;

(2) Reaction: Put levulinic acid into the reaction kettle, then add lye, control the reaction temperature at 95°C to 110°C, and continue the reaction for 4.5 hours;

(3) Water and side reaction products are distilled out under reduced pressure, and the distillation temperature is controlled at 75-85°C.

The quality technical index of the product produced by the above preparation method reaches pH6.5-8.2, the density value reaches 1.30-1.40, is easily soluble in water, and is nontoxic to humans and animals. Wherein the comprehensive effect with embodiment 1～3 is good.

According to our tests, this product is suitable for food crops, fiber crops, sugar crops and vegetables, fruit trees, etc., such as: rice, wheat, corn, cotton, rapeseed, soybeans, vegetables, fruit trees, etc. For a variety of crops, it can be used from seedlings to the pre-harvest stage, and there is no restriction on the growth period of the crops.

After adding water according to the ratio specified in the table, spray on the leaves.

Spray Dosage Table

crop frequency Watering multiple   Spraying time rice 2-3 times 450-550 times Early tillering, jointing and booting stages corn 2-3 times 450-550 times Seedling stage, jointing stage, big trumpet mouth Potato 2-3 times 500-800 times Seedling stage, early stage of root expansion, and full-blown stage wheat 2-3 times 450-550 times Early tillering stage, booting stage, filling stage cotton 2-3 times 450-550 times Seedling stage, budding, flower boll rape 2-3 times 450-550 times Opening, bud moss, early flowering peanut 2-3 times 500-700 times Seedling stage, early flowering, needle vegetable 2-5 times 600-800 times After the false plant is returned to the seedling, spray it every 10 days or so tobacco 2-3 times 450-550 times About 5 days before grouping, flourishing for a long time, about 10 days before topping citrus 2-3 times 450-550 times Initial flowering stage, fruit setting stage, fruit expansion stage banana 3-5 times 450-550 times Seedling, elongation, gestation bud, fruit-setting period litchi 3-5 times 450-550 times Flowering stage, young fruit stage, swelling stage pear 3-4 times 450-550 times Initial flowering stage, fruit setting stage, fruit expansion stage apple 3-4 times 450-550 times Initial flowering stage, fruit setting stage, fruit expansion stage strawberry 3-5 times 500-800 times After transplanting and surviving, the flowering period

Precautions:

(1) Among the ratios in the above table, the ratio of water to water in the above table is the weight ratio, and the specific gravity of this product is about 1.27. Such as 1:500, then 1 gram of this product is mixed with 500 grams of water. In the early stage of crop growth (young leaf and young fruit stage), the watering multiple should be large, and in the middle and late stages of crop growth, the watering multiple should be small. Water, at the booting stage, mix water at a ratio of 1:450.

(2) Use strictly in accordance with the application rate table, and the leaves should be covered with mist droplets when spraying.

Dipping roots: When transplanting Solanaceae crops, add water at a ratio of 1:300 to 400, then dip roots; it can also be sprinkled in nests.

Seed soaking: After adding water at 1:300-400 for wheat, corn, rapeseed, etc., soak the seeds for 2-4 hours.

The main function:

Spray on the leaves at any time during the various stages of crop growth. Promote metabolism, improve the absorption and utilization of other fertilizers and pesticides. Enhance drought resistance, cold resistance, lodging resistance, disease resistance and other stress resistance; increase yield, improve the quality of agricultural products and increase the rate of commodity.

The results of experiments conducted on various crops in 2004 were as follows: ① Spraying the plant growth regulator on the leaves of cotton increased the number of bolls and boll weight per plant, and increased the yield of lint by 10.4 kg/mu on average, with an increase rate of 11.3%; Applying the plant growth regulator can promote the growth and development of corn in different degrees, and the effect of increasing the yield of corn is more obvious, with an average increase of 179 kg/mu, and a yield increase rate of 24.9%. The application effect is the most significant; ③ the plant growth regulator Applying it on tomatoes can increase the weight of single fruit and improve the quality, and increase the yield by 754 kg/mu compared with the control, and the yield increase rate is 18.7%; mu, yield increase rate 30.9%; ⑤ spraying this plant growth regulator on wheat, average yield increase 86 kg/mu, yield increase rate 17.0%, application effect is the most remarkable; Single fruit weight, increased commodity rate, average yield increase of 371 kg/mu, yield increase rate of 23.3%.

Claims (2)

1. A regulator comprising, RCOOH and RCOOR, Among them: R is C ₂ H ₅ -C ₆ H ₁₃ Its traits and characteristics are as follows: 1. Form: the form is liquid, the color is brown; 2. pH value: pH value is 6.5-8.2; 3. Water solubility: easily soluble in water; 4. Specific gravity: the specific gravity is 1.30~1.40; 5. Smell: no unpleasant smell, non-corrosive and irritating; Wherein the preparation of this plant growth regulator comprises the following steps successively: (1) material preparation: select levulinic acid and potassium hydroxide with a content of more than 95% for use, then prepare a solution with a concentration of 30% to 45% by solid alkali, and wait for it to cool for subsequent use; (2) Reaction: Put levulinic acid into the reaction kettle, then add lye, control the reaction temperature at 60°C to 110°C, and continue the reaction for 2.5 to 4.5 hours; (3) Water and side reaction products are distilled out under reduced pressure, and the distillation temperature is controlled at 75-100°C. 2. a kind of plant growth regulator according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the preparation of this regulator comprises the following steps successively (1) material preparation: select levulinic acid and potassium hydroxide with a content of more than 95% for use, then prepare a solution with a concentration of 35% to 45% by solid alkali, and wait for it to cool for subsequent use; (2) Reaction: Put levulinic acid into the reaction kettle, then add lye, control the reaction temperature at 70°C to 100°C, and react for 3.5 to 4.0 hours; (3) Water and side reaction products are distilled out under reduced pressure, and the distillation temperature is controlled at 75-90°C.