CN100357910C - Keyword driving havigation method - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to automated test technology, in order to achieve the purpose of not needing to revise the navigation script when adding AW (keyword), the present invention provides a kind of keyword-driven navigation method, wherein adopts the navigation script that is made up of static script and dynamic script, and Store keywords, navigation keywords, and keyword realization functions in the central database. Then, the loading of the central database can be completed by static scripts, and corresponding dynamic scripts can be created according to the required keywords; and then by According to the keyword and the navigation keyword, the dynamic script obtains the corresponding keyword implementation function by searching the central database; at the same time, the dynamic script passes the parameter of the keyword in the test logic to the keyword Realize the function; by executing the keyword to realize the function, the corresponding test function can be completed, and the result will be returned to the test logic. The method in the invention can improve the development efficiency and reduce the maintenance cost of the navigation script.

Description

A Keyword-Driven Navigation Method

technical field

The invention relates to automated testing technology, and more specifically, relates to a keyword-driven navigation method.

Background technique

In the process of testing telecommunication equipment or software, Key-Word Driven (Keyword Driven) technology is usually used, which is implemented based on Rational's Robot tool platform, and is usually applied to the automation of GUI (Graphical User Interface) testing.

In keyword-driven technology, testers will use a form similar to an Excel worksheet to create test cases by entering keywords (Key-Word). The entire process (including functions) of this method is driven by keywords, and keywords control the entire testing process.

Table 1 shows an exemplary test case.

Table I

COLUMN1KeyWord1 COLUMN2Field/Screen Name COLUMN3Input/Verification Data COLUMN4Comment COLUMN5Pass/Fail Start_Test: screen Main Menu Verify Starting Point Enter: Selection 3 Select Payment Option Action: Press_Key F4 Access Payment Screen Verify: screen Payment Posting Verify Screen accessed Enter: Payment Amount 125.87 Enter Payment Data Payment Method check Action: Press_Key F9 Process Payment Verify: screen Payment Screen Verify Screen remains Verify_Data: Payment Amount $125.87 Verify updated data Current Balance $1,309.77 Status Message Payment Posted Action: Press_Key F12 Return to Main Menu Verify: screen Main Menu Verify return to Menu

Among them, the first column is a keyword, which is used to describe the action to be executed; the second to fourth columns are the parameters necessary to execute the action in the first column; the fifth column is used to indicate whether the step is passed.

As shown in Figure 1, the operating mechanism of keyword-driven technology is as follows:

(1) Testers use Excel to create a test case file as shown in Table 1, for example, it can be named as KeyWords_Web.xls; the test case file consists of keywords (such as Enter, Action, Verify, etc.) and their parameters.

(2) When the test case is running, the drive script (Drive TSL script) will run the initialization script (LogonTSL script) to initialize the entire test, and load the control file (Run.txt) to obtain the current test case to be run ( ^* .xls, eg KeyWords_Web.xls).

(3) After the initialization work is completed, the drive script (Drive TSL script) starts the control script (Controller TSL script), and the control script is responsible for parsing the keywords of the entire test case file, such as Enter, Action, Verify, etc., and according to these keyword to call the corresponding implementation script (User Defined TSL script).

(4) The Utility script (i.e. implements the TSL script) actually executes each test action, and uses other columns as parameters, and returns the result to the control script after execution. When the control script executes to the last line, the execution of the entire test case ends.

(5) When all the use case files ( ^* .xls) in the control file (Run.txt) have been run, the test process ends.

It can be seen from the above that in the process of testing telecommunication equipment or software, keyword-driven technology has the following disadvantages:

(1) Mainly used in GUI automated testing, and implemented based on Rational's Robot tool platform, (a) its cross-platform (specifically operating system) portability is relatively weak, (b) cross-tool platform portability is relatively weak , (c) and it is not suitable for automated testing of communication equipment products.

(2) Lack of central database (CDB), AW (Keyword) itself is NKey (Navigation Keyword), keyword navigation is directly implemented in the driver module, usually through the case statement or if statement provided by the programming language , as shown in Figure 2, therefore, if a new keyword is added, the driver module must be modified; the result will be: (a) the development cost increases during the automated testing process, (b) the keyword will have a lot of redundancy , (c) Driver modules of multiple versions need to be maintained at the same time.

(3) The transplantation of test cases between different products/versions cannot be realized.

(4) The implementation of keywords can only be realized through scripts, and cannot be realized through other programming languages such as C and Pascal.

Contents of the invention

In view of the above-mentioned defects in the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is how to improve the keyword navigation technology, so that it is not necessary to modify the navigation script when adding keywords.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the solution of the present invention is to provide a keyword-driven navigation method, using static scripts and dynamic scripts to form a navigation script, including the following steps:

(S1) Complete the loading of the central database by the static script, and create a corresponding dynamic script;

(S2) The dynamic script acquires the corresponding keyword implementation function according to the keyword and the corresponding navigation keyword.

In order to realize the purpose of testing, the present invention also includes:

(S3) The dynamic script passes the parameters of the keywords in the test logic to the keyword implementation function;

(S4) Execute the keyword implementation function to complete the corresponding test function.

In the present invention, information about the relationship between keywords, navigation keywords and keyword realization functions is stored in the central database; in the step (S1), after the static script completes the loading of the central database , create a corresponding dynamic script according to the required keyword; in the step (S2), the dynamic script obtains the corresponding dynamic script by searching the central database according to the keyword and the corresponding navigation keyword. The keyword implements the function.

In the present invention, the navigation script can be realized by scripting language or compiled language. The static script is an initialization script; in the step (S1), the static script can create the dynamic script through the feature of a script language dynamic creation command. The scripting language may be Tool Command Language (TCL).

After adopting the scheme of the present invention, through the central database, when maintaining the corresponding relationship between keywords and navigation keywords and keyword realization functions, it is only necessary to modify the central database without revising the navigation script, thereby improving It improves the development efficiency of keyword data-driven automated testing, and reduces the follow-up maintenance cost of keyword-driven automated testing. At the same time, it can avoid keyword redundancy and avoid maintaining multiple versions of navigation scripts; in addition, testing tools with the same function Or the configuration and control of test instruments can also be implemented by defining a set of the same keywords.

Moreover, by adopting the above technical solution, keywords can be navigated to keywords of different test tools or test instruments to realize functions by navigating keywords, and keywords can also be navigated to keywords of different products or different versions of the same product Realize the function, thus laying the foundation for the transplantation of test scripts between different products or different versions of the same product.

In addition, because the navigation script in the present invention is realized by a scripting language (such as TCL scripting language, Python language), and the scripting language possesses the characteristics of cross-platform (specifically referring to the operating system) and cross-tool platform, therefore, the present invention The solution can improve cross-platform portability and cross-tool platform portability, so it is more suitable for automated testing of communication equipment products.

Description of drawings

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment, in the accompanying drawing:

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the action mechanism of the keyword-driven technology in the prior art;

Fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart when new keywords are added in the prior art;

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a navigation script in the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the initialization flowchart of navigation script among the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the execution process of the test logic in the present invention.

Detailed ways

The realization of the present invention is based on various developments of the prior art, for example, the characteristics of scripting languages (such as TCL, PYTHON, etc.), such as interpretation and execution, embeddable, expandable and other characteristics, have laid the foundation for automated testing technology; , various products (such as telecommunication equipment or software) not only provide a graphical interface, but also provide a command line interface or a human-machine interface, which also lays the foundation for the automated testing technology of the product; in addition, after years of automated testing practice, the applicant concluded that A set of automated test script design patterns, including linear test script design patterns, structured test script design patterns, shared test script design patterns, data-driven test script design patterns, keyword-driven test script design patterns, etc.

For the convenience of understanding the present invention, some terms used in this paper are briefly introduced below, specifically as shown in Table 2:

Table II

English name Chinese name definition TestCluster test set 1) The same test environment configuration and networking configuration for several test logics; 2) The test set is the logical division of the test environment; 3) The test set is the smallest entity that makes up the test environment. TestLogic test logic 1), the same test process of several test cases, that is, the script description of a group of test cases with the same test process and different test data; 2), the test logic can be run in different test environments; AW keywords 1), the test action, represents a test step of the test logic; 2), the smallest entity that constitutes the test logic; 3), in this article, AW is the Key-Word, which means the keyword. keyword function Generated by the navigation script, it belongs to the navigation script and is used to complete the navigation from keyword to keyword to realize the function keyword implementation function The function implementation function of the keyword is used to complete the corresponding test function; TCL tool command language An interpreted scripting language NKey navigation keywords Through navigation keywords, keywords can be realized by different products or different functions of different products. Through NKey, the keyword can find the corresponding keyword to realize the function CDB central database Store the relationship between keywords, NKey, and keyword implementation functions NScripts navigation script It is the driver module, through the navigation script, according to the Nkey, the keyword is navigated to different keywords to realize the function

It can be seen from the foregoing that the purpose of the present invention is to improve the keyword navigation scheme, so that it is not necessary to modify the navigation script when adding keywords.

As shown in Fig. 3, in the present invention, navigation script is made up of two parts: (1) a part is static script, i.e. initialization script, is mainly used in finishing the loading of central database, and by scripting language (as TCL) dynamic creation order characteristics, to create dynamic scripts for navigation scripts; (2) the other part is dynamic scripts, namely keyword functions, which complete keyword navigation based on navigation keywords (NKey), execute keyword implementation functions, and return the results to Test logic. During specific implementation, the navigation script can be implemented by a scripting language (such as Python) or a compiled language (such as C).

As shown in Figure 4, the navigation script loads the central database during the initialization phase, and according to the keywords defined in the central database and the corresponding relationship between keywords and navigation keywords and keyword implementation functions, the scripting language (such as TCL) is used to The characteristics of the command can be dynamically generated, and the keyword function can be generated, that is, the dynamic script; then the keyword function can be used as a part of the navigation script to complete the function of navigating from keyword to keyword to realize the function.

As shown in Figure 5, during the execution of the test logic:

(1) The keyword will trigger the keyword function, and then execute the keyword function, that is, execute the dynamic script in the navigation script;

(2) Keyword function Search the central database according to the keyword and the corresponding navigation keyword to obtain the keyword corresponding to the keyword to realize the function; the loading in this article refers to loading all the contents of the central database into the computer memory or connect to a database; lookup refers to looking for a record in the central database;

(3) The dynamic script in the navigation script also passes the parameter of the keyword in the test logic to the keyword implementation function at the same time, and then executes the keyword implementation function to complete the corresponding test function;

(4) Return the result to the test logic, and determine whether the test logic continues to execute the next keyword, if not, end the whole process.

It can be seen that in the present invention, due to the correspondence between newly added keywords, navigation keywords, and keyword implementation functions, only the central database needs to be modified, and the navigation script does not need to be modified, so the development efficiency is improved and the maintenance cost of the navigation script is reduced. The navigation script therein can be implemented by a scripting language (such as Python) or a compiled language (such as C).

Claims (7)

1, a kind of keyword-driven navigation method is characterized in that, adopts static script and dynamic script to form navigation script, comprises the following steps: (S1) Complete the loading of the central database by the static script, and create a corresponding dynamic script; (S2) The dynamic script obtains the corresponding keyword implementation function according to the keyword and the corresponding navigation keyword; (S3) The dynamic script passes the parameters of the keywords in the test logic to the keyword implementation function; (S4) Execute the keyword implementation function to complete the corresponding test function. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, the central database stores information about the relationship among keywords, navigation keywords and keyword realization functions. 3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, in the step (S1), after the static script finishes loading the central database, a corresponding dynamic script is created according to the required keywords. 4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, in the step (S2), the dynamic script is obtained by searching the central database according to the keyword and the corresponding navigation keyword The corresponding keyword implements the function. 5. The method according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that the navigation script is realized by a script language or a compiled language. 6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, the static script is an initialization script; in the step (S1), the static script creates the dynamic script through the characteristics of the script language dynamic creation command . 7. The method of claim 6, wherein the scripting language is Tool Command Language (TCL).

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