CN100356082C - Inverse type magnetic flow damper - Google Patents

Abstract

An inverter-type magneto-rheological damper, which can be applied to the vibration reduction control of building structures and locomotives. It includes a cylinder body, a piston, a piston rod connected to it, sealing and guiding devices at both ends of the cylinder body, and a cylinder head. The inner cavity is filled with magnetorheological fluid and is equipped with an electromagnetic magnetic circuit component composed of a magnet that can generate a magnetic field, an excitation coil and a working air gap. The cylinder body is composed of a master cylinder, or a master cylinder and an auxiliary cylinder, or a master cylinder and The composition of the bypass cylinder is characterized in that: an excitation coil and a permanent magnet are set in the magnetic circuit part at the same time, and the composite magnetic circuit is composed of the excitation magnetic field and the permanent magnetic field, and an auxiliary air gap is also set in the electromagnetic magnetic circuit to ensure that when the power is cut off , most of the permanent magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet passes through the working air gap, so that the damper can work in a large damping state. Electromagnetic magnetic circuit components can be arranged in corresponding positions according to different cylinder bodies. These dampers can be interfaced with controlled structures for semi-active vibration damping control. The invention has the characteristics of saving energy, improving control efficiency, improving the stability of magnetorheological fluid, and the like.

Description

Inverter Magnetorheological Damper

technical field

The invention relates to a novel magnetorheological damper, and the proposed inverter magnetorheological damper can be applied to vibration reduction control of building structures and vibration reduction of locomotives. It can also be used to make dampers, brakes, clutches, hydraulic valves, etc. used in aerospace, electronics, chemical industry, energy, instrumentation, medical, health and other fields.

Background technique

The magnetorheological damper is a kind of semi-active control device that uses magnetorheological fluid as the working medium. Magneto-rheological fluid is a suspension liquid with controllable rheological properties that is formed by dispersing fine soft magnetic particles in the carrier liquid as the external magnetic field changes; when the magnetorheological fluid is subjected to a magnetic field, its viscosity coefficient will change accordingly. When it is subjected to a strong magnetic field, it will become a "solid" state, and its fluidity will disappear. Once the magnetic field is removed, it will become a flowable liquid. The magnetorheological damper uses the rheological characteristics of the magnetorheological fluid to set a damping channel with a magnetic field on the damper. When the piston of the damper moves relative to the cylinder, it will squeeze the magnetorheological fluid in the cylinder. Make it flow through the damping channel. When the damping channel has no magnetic field, the magnetorheological fluid behaves as a viscous fluid. If a magnetic field is applied to the damping channel, the magnetorheological fluid in the damping channel hardens and becomes a viscoplastic body, resulting in The damping force of the piston movement increases. Adjusting the strength of the magnetic field can change the yield strength of the magnetorheological fluid, thereby adjusting the damping force of the damper.

For the magnetorheological damper in the prior art, no matter how complicated the form of the electromagnetic magnetic circuit components is, its structural schematic diagram can be shown in Figure 1. The excitation coil 1 is wound on the magnetically permeable material 3, which has a certain strength of the magnetically permeable material 3 Form a damping channel in the form of an air gap in the damper. When the excitation coil 1 is energized, a magnetic field will be established in the air gap 4, and the magnetorheological fluid in the air gap will "solidify" to cause a similar phase change to cause a change in the damping of the magnetorheological damper.

A typical structure of a magnetorheological damper in the prior art is shown in Figure 14. The damper cylinder 9 is filled with a magnetorheological fluid 13, and an excitation coil 1 is wound on a grooved piston 8 in the middle. A magnetic isolation sheath 17 is provided outside to protect the coil from wear, and the lead wire of the exciting coil 1 is drawn out from the hollow piston rod 7 . When the excitation coil 1 has a current passing through it, a magnetic field will be generated in the gap between the piston 8 and the cylinder 9 with a certain magnetic permeability, thereby causing the phase change of the magnetorheological fluid in the gap 4 to change the damper damping. Its shortcoming is that the damping increases when the damper is energized, which results in an increased dependence on energy when the damper works in a large damping state. For most engineering applications, a larger damping state is more beneficial to vibration control, and maintaining a certain damping force is an important prerequisite for the magnetorheological damper to exert its control ability. The magneto-rheological damper needs about 10-100W power supply in the large damping state. Although this energy demand can be met in most cases, if the magnetorheological damper is used in daily applications as a passive friction damper When providing a certain stiffness and damping for the controlled object, its energy consumption and maintenance become a limiting factor for popularization and application. In addition, when the magnetorheological damper is in the zero magnetic field state for a long time, the magnetorheological fluid is also likely to cause condensation and settlement.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of existing magnetorheological dampers that require continuous current supply in daily applications, and the control effect deteriorates when the control law fails, by setting permanent magnets in the magnetorheological damper to establish The permanent magnetic field ensures that the damper can work in a large damping state when the power is cut off, and the magnetic field in the air gap of the magnetic circuit is adjusted through the excitation coil to ensure the adjustability of the damping. The engineering practicability and working reliability of the magnetorheological damper can be improved by rationally setting the coil and the permanent magnet.

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention modifies the magnetic circuit part of the magnetorheological damper. When the coil does not pass current, the magnetic field at the damping gap is generated by the permanent magnet. When the coil is energized, the coil is used to generate a magnetic field opposite to the permanent magnetic field. The magnetic force line is closed by the coil and the permanent magnet, resulting in a decrease in the magnetic flux at the damping gap. . The arrangement of the permanent magnet and the excitation coil follows the principle of Fig. 2, the damping channel is formed by the working air gap 4, and the permanent magnet 2 forms a magnetic circuit with the working air gap 4 through the magnetic conductive material 3. The excitation coil 1 is arranged in parallel with the permanent magnet 2 and an auxiliary air gap 5 is provided. When the coil is energized, the permanent magnet 2 and the excitation coil 1 form a magnetic circuit through the auxiliary air gap 5 . The magnetic circuit part of the magneto-rheological damper is magnetically insulated and connected to the piston rod, cylinder head and other components of the damper with a magnetic isolation material.

The technical solution of the present invention is shown in Figures 3 to 13. The inverter-type magneto-rheological damper includes a cylinder, a piston installed in the cylinder, and a piston rod connected to it, and the two ends of the cylinder are arranged in turn. The sealed guide device and the cylinder head, the cylinder cavity is filled with magnetorheological fluid as a damping medium, and the cylinder is equipped with an electromagnetic magnetic circuit component composed of a magnet that can generate a magnetic field, an excitation coil and a working air gap; the cylinder The body is composed of a main cylinder, or a main cylinder and an auxiliary cylinder, or a main cylinder and a bypass cylinder, and is characterized in that: an excitation coil and a permanent magnet are set at the same time in the magnetic circuit part of the electromagnetic magnetic circuit part, and the excitation magnetic field and the permanent magnetic field are composed Composite magnetic circuit, and an auxiliary air gap 5 is also set in the electromagnetic magnetic circuit to ensure that the permanent magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet 2 passes through the working air gap 4 when the power is cut off, so that the damper can work in a large damping state. Since the excitation coil 1 is arranged in parallel with the permanent magnet 2, the magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet 2 forms a loop through the air gap 4 when the coil does not pass current, and the excitation magnetic field generated by the excitation coil 1 and the permanent magnetic field pass through the auxiliary gas The gap 5 forms a loop, and the auxiliary air gap 5 is a magnetic isolation ring made of a magnetic isolation material. The force receiving part of the magnetizer 3 is provided with a wear-resistant metal sheath 14 for protection.

The above-mentioned inverter type magneto-rheological damper is characterized in that: when the piston 8 of the selected inverter type magneto-rheological damper is a piston with a groove in the middle, the electromagnetic magnetic circuit components can be arranged on the piston 8 In the excavated groove, the gap between the piston and the cylinder is the working air gap 4 forming the damping channel, the piston 8 is connected as a whole by the non-magnetic central connecting rod 15, and the exciting coil 1 is wound on the cylindrical magnetic conductor iron On the core 3 _a , the middle section of the magnetizer iron core 3 _a is disconnected and provided with a magnetic isolation ring made of a magnetic isolation material to form an auxiliary air gap 5, and the magnetizer iron core 3 _a is sleeved on the central connecting rod 15 and connected to the excitation coil 1 The magnetizer 3 at the end is closely attached, and a cylindrical magnetic isolation sheath 17 is arranged between the outer ring of the excitation coil 1 and the magnetizer 3 at the end of the excitation coil 1, and the permanent magnet 2 is evenly embedded in the magnetic isolation sheath 17's interior.

The electromagnetic magnetic circuit components in the inverter-type magneto-rheological damper can be arranged inside the sealing device at one end of the cylinder body. When the selected damper is provided with an inner cylinder 20 and an outer cylinder, it can communicate with the inner cylinder 20 through the liquid hole 21. When the inside of the cylinder is connected, the outer side of the electromagnetic magnetic circuit part is a disc-shaped magnetizer 3, the central part is a magnetizer core 3 _a , the excitation coil 1 is wound on the magnetizer core 3 _a , and the magnetizer core 3 _a The protruding part and the protruding part of the magnetic conductor 3 outside the excitation coil 1 enclose a working air gap 4, and the magnetic conductor iron core 3 _a inside the excitation coil 1 is provided with an auxiliary air gap 5 at one end close to the sealing device, and the other end is in the guide A disk-shaped magnetic isolation sheath 17 for protecting the coil from wear and tear is arranged between the magnet 3 and the magnetic conductor iron core 3 _a . The permanent magnet 2 is embedded in the magnetic isolation sheath 17. The magnet core 3 _a is closely connected, and the other magnetic pole is closely connected with the magnetic conductor 3 outside the coil.

The above-mentioned inverter magneto-rheological damper is characterized in that: when the selected damper is provided with a bypass cylinder 22 connected to its interior through a liquid hole 21, the electromagnetic magnetic circuit components can be located in the bypass cylinder. In the cylinder 22, the center of the bypass cylinder 22 is a magnetically permeable mandrel _3b made of a magnetically permeable material, and the gap between the magnetically permeable mandrel _3b and the L-shaped columnar magnetiser wrapping the excitation coil 1 is the work of the magnetic field. The air gap 4, the magnetic isolation sheath 17 is set between the working air gap 4 and the excitation coil 1, the permanent magnet 2 is evenly embedded in the cylindrical magnetic isolation sheath 17, and the middle part outside the excitation coil 1 is a ring formed by the isolation magnet. Auxiliary air gap 5.

The electromagnetic magnetic circuit components in the inverter type magneto-rheological damper can be located between the sealing devices on both sides of the cylinder body, the inner wall of the cylinder body is provided with a magnetic isolation sheath 17, and the permanent magnet 2 is evenly embedded in the cylindrical spacer. In the magnetic sheath 17, the excitation coil 1 is wound on the outside of the magnetic isolation sheath 17, and the exterior and end of the excitation coil 1 are magnetizers 3 with high magnetic permeability, and the gap formed between the magnetizer 3 and the piston 8 is The working air gap 4 is set as an auxiliary air gap 5 made of ring-shaped magnetic isolation material in the middle of the outer side of the exciting coil 1 .

The inverter-type magneto-rheological damper proposed by the present invention adopts a composite magnetic circuit including a coil and a permanent magnet, so that the magnetorheological damper has a unique inverter performance of large current with small damping and small current with large damping. It can still work effectively when the control system is insufficient and the control system is paralyzed, so it is more reliable and practical than conventional magneto-rheological dampers.

Description of drawings:

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an equivalent magnetic circuit of a magneto-rheological damper in the prior art;

Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the magnetic circuit of the inverter magnetorheological damper proposed by the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a sectional view of an inverter magneto-rheological damper in a form of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a partially enlarged view of the magnetic circuit part in Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is the A-A sectional view of Fig. 4;

Fig. 6 is a sectional view of another form of inverter magneto-rheological damper proposed by the present invention;

Fig. 7 is a partially enlarged view of the magnetic circuit part in Fig. 6;

Fig. 8 is the A-A sectional view of Fig. 7;

Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view of another form of inverter magneto-rheological damper proposed by the present invention;

Fig. 10 is a partially enlarged view of the magnetic circuit part in Fig. 9;

Fig. 11 is the A-A sectional view of Fig. 10;

Figure 12 is a sectional view of another form of inverter magnetorheological damper proposed by the present invention;

Fig. 13 is the A-A sectional view of Fig. 12;

Fig. 14 is a structural sectional view of a magneto-rheological damper in the prior art.

In the picture:

1-Excitation coil 11-Seal guide device

2-Permanent magnet 12-Connecting earrings

3-Magnetic body 13-Magneto-rheological fluid

3 _a - magnetic core 14 - wear-resistant piston sleeve

3 _b - magnetic core shaft 15 - central link

4-Working air gap 16-Auxiliary cylinder

5-Auxiliary air gap 17-Magnetic isolation sheath

6-Magnetic force line 18-Bypass pipe

7-piston rod 19-volume compensation chamber

8-piston 20-inner cylinder

9-Cylinder body 21-Liquid hole

10-Cylinder head 22-Bypass cylinder

                                                           

Detailed ways

The inverter magnetorheological damper proposed by the invention has the same structure as the magnetorheological damper designed in the prior art except for the electromagnetic magnetic circuit. Described electromagnetic magnetic circuit part is shown in Figure 2, is provided with auxiliary air gap 5 and permanent magnet 2 in the electromagnetic magnetic circuit, the size of auxiliary air gap 5 is reasonably set, can guarantee that when exciting coil 1 does not pass through by electric current, by permanent magnet The magnetic flux generated by the magnet 2 basically does not pass through the auxiliary air gap 5, but mainly forms a circuit by the working air gap 4 that constitutes the damping channel; when the excitation coil 1 passes a current in a certain direction, the excitation magnetic field generated by the excitation coil 1 and the permanent magnetic field A loop is formed through the auxiliary air gap 5, so that the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet basically does not pass through the working air gap 4 that constitutes the damping channel. , the magnetic flux in the opposite direction, so that the equivalent synthetic magnetic field of the working air gap 4 is zero. This magnetic circuit design avoids the demagnetization effect of the excitation magnetic field on the permanent magnet, and can effectively realize the magnetic field inversion of the working air gap 4 . The permanent magnets can be sintered neodymium iron boron (Nd ₂ Fe ₁₄ B ₁ ) with high remanence and high magnetic energy product, hard ferrite or drill rare earth permanent magnets, etc.; the magnetic conductive materials can be electrical soft iron, silicon steel , iron-nickel alloy or low-carbon steel with good magnetic properties; the magnetic isolation material can be bronze alloy or non-magnetic high-strength aluminum alloy.

Magneto-rheological dampers in the prior art can be divided into flow type (two pole plates are fixed, fluid flows; valve type), shear type (the pole plates have tangential relative motion; Clutch type), extrusion type (the plates have relative movement; compression type). For different working modes, four specific implementation schemes proposed by the present invention are shown in Fig. 3 to Fig. 13 .

FIG. 3 is a structural diagram of a shear-type inverter magneto-rheological damper proposed by the present invention. The damper is the same as the magnetorheological damper in the prior art except for the electromagnetic magnetic circuit components. An auxiliary cylinder 16 is arranged between the cylinder head 10 at one end of the cylinder body 9 and the sealing guide device 11. One end of the piston rod 7 at both ends of the piston 8 extends into the auxiliary cylinder 16 through the sealing guide device 11, and the other end passes through the sealing device. cylinder head. The electromagnetic magnetic circuit components are located in the piston 8 that is dug in the middle, as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5, the damping channel of the magnetorheological damper is the gap between the piston and the cylinder, that is, the working gap 4 in the basic magnetic circuit . When the piston and the cylinder move relative to each other, the magnetorheological fluid between the piston and the cylinder will generate shear flow. The middle part of the piston is the central connecting rod 15 connecting the various components of the piston and the piston rod. The central connecting rod 15 _is processed by a magnetic isolation material with sufficient strength; An auxiliary air gap 5 is provided in the middle of the piston, and the auxiliary air gap is a magnetic isolation ring made of a magnetic isolation material; an excitation coil 1 is wound in an annular groove in the middle of the magnetic core _3a , and the outer ring of the coil 1 is embedded There is a cylindrical sheath 17 processed by a magnetic isolation material with a rod-shaped permanent magnet 2 , and the rod-shaped permanent magnet 2 is evenly embedded in the middle of the magnetic isolation sheath 17 . At both ends of the piston 8 are wear-resistant piston sleeves 14 with a certain strength, which are used to protect the magnetically permeable material with low strength from being eroded by the magneto-rheological fluid. The lead-out method of the excitation coil lead wire is the same as that of the magnetorheological damper in the prior art.

As shown in FIG. 6 , another flow implementation of the inverter magneto-rheological damper proposed by the present invention is shown. The damper is the same as the magnetorheological damper in the prior art except for the electromagnetic magnetic circuit components. The cylinder body of the damper is composed of an inner cylinder 20 and an outer cylinder 9. The outer cylinder 9 is provided with a volume compensation chamber 19. One end of the damper passes through the liquid hole 21 arranged on the inner cylinder to make the connection between the inner cylinder 20 and the outer cylinder 9 The gap between them is connected to the inside of the inner cylinder. The other end makes the gap between the inner cylinder 20 and the outer cylinder 9 communicate with the inside of the inner cylinder through the working air gap 4 . The electromagnetic magnetic circuit components are located inside the sealing device at one end of the cylinder body, as shown in Figure 7 and Figure 8, the outer side is a disc-shaped magnetic conductor 3, the central part is a magnetic conductor core _3a , and the excitation coil 1 is wound on the magnetic conductor On the magnet core _3a , the extended part of the magnetic conductor core _3a and the magnetic conductor 3 protruding part outside the excitation coil 1 enclose the working air gap 4, when the piston and the cylinder move relative to each other, the magnetorheological force will be compressed. The fluid flows through the working air gap 4 arranged at one end of the damper through the gap between the inner cylinder 20 and the outer cylinder 9 to generate damping force. One end of the magnetically permeable core inside the coil is provided with an auxiliary air gap 5 made of magnetic isolation material, and one end is provided with radial permanent magnets 2, which are embedded in the magnetic isolation sheath 17 to avoid force wear. One magnetic pole of the permanent magnet 2 is closely connected with the magnetic conductor iron core 3 _a inside the coil, and the other magnetic pole is closely connected with the magnetic conductor 3 outside the coil. The connection parts between the magnetizer 3 and the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder are the working air gap 4 and the liquid hole 21, and the size of the working air gap 4 and the auxiliary air gap 5 are reasonably set to ensure that the permanent magnet 2 is excited when the coil does not pass current. The magnetic field mostly passes through the working air gap 4 .

As shown in FIG. 9 , another implementation of the flow inverter damper proposed by the present invention is shown. The damper is the same as the magnetorheological damper in the prior art except for the electromagnetic magnetic circuit components. An auxiliary cylinder 16 is arranged between the cylinder head 10 at one end of the cylinder body 9 and the sealing guide device 11. One end of the piston rod 7 at both ends of the piston 8 extends into the auxiliary cylinder 16 through the sealing guide device 11, and the other end passes through the sealing device. cylinder head. The interior of the damper cylinder 9 is connected to the bypass cylinder 22 through the liquid hole 21, and the electromagnetic circuit components in the damper are arranged in the bypass cylinder 22, as shown in Fig. 10 and Fig. 11 . The middle part of the bypass cylinder 22 is a magnetic permeable mandrel 3 _b made of permeable material, and the gap between the mandrel and the L-shaped columnar magnetic conductor 3 wrapping the excitation coil 1 is the working air gap 4 under the action of the magnetic field. When the piston 8 of the damper moves in the cylinder, it will squeeze the magnetorheological fluid in the cylinder to make it flow through the working air gap 4 from the liquid hole 21 . When the magnetic field in the working air gap 4 changes, the phase state of the magneto-rheological fluid in the working air gap 4 changes, thereby changing the damping of the damper. There is a magnetic isolation sheath 17 between the working air gap 4 and the excitation coil 1, and the rod-shaped permanent magnet 2 is evenly embedded in the cylindrical magnetic isolation sheath 17. air gap5.

As shown in FIG. 12 , an implementation of a squeeze-type inverter damper proposed by the present invention is shown. The damper is the same as the magnetorheological damper in the prior art except for the electromagnetic magnetic circuit components. The two ends of the cylinder body are end caps and sealing devices 23. The piston 8 made of magnetically permeable material with a certain strength is located in the middle of the cylinder body, and the two ends are connected to the piston rod 7 extending out of the cylinder body through the cylinder head. In the inner cavity of the cylinder between the devices, as shown in Figure 13, the working air gap 4 is the gap formed between the magnetic material 3 and the piston 8. When the damper piston 8 moves in a small range, it will squeeze the working air. The magnetorheological fluid in the gap 4 causes a diffusive squeeze flow to cause damping output. The inner wall of the cylinder body is a magnetic isolation sheath 17 evenly embedded with rod-shaped permanent magnets 2, the excitation coil 1 is wound outside the magnetic isolation sheath 17, and the exterior and end of the excitation coil are magnetically permeable materials 3 with high magnetic permeability , and an auxiliary air gap 5 made of annular magnetic isolation material is set in the middle of the coil.

Other common parts of the above-mentioned inverter type magneto-rheological dampers are determined by known technology. The dosage, the viscosity of the magnetorheological fluid, the saturation strength of the magnetorheological fluid, and the wall thickness of the cylinder body are calculated and determined according to known hydraulic system design methods and magnetic circuit design methods.

This inverter-type magneto-rheological damper can be installed in the position where the relative displacement of the building structure is generated through the connection device like the ordinary magnetorheological damper, or it can be used as an automobile shock absorber and a clutch for suspension vibration reduction and speed control. For example, when it is installed in the interstory of the frame-shear structure or at the beam-column joint of the building structure, its working mechanism is: when no earthquake occurs, the damper is similar to the frictional energy dissipator to cooperate with the building structure to bear the force. When the earthquake occurs, There are sensors to collect the vibration information of the structure and the ground movement information, and the controller calculates the current value required by the magneto-rheological damper according to a certain semi-active control algorithm, and the power amplifier applies control commands to the damper. When there is a relative displacement trend between the piston and the cylinder of the damper, the damper can generate a reaction force to act on the structure, and the vibration of the building can be reduced due to the damper's blocking effect on the movement, thereby realizing the vibration reduction control of the building structure the goal of.

The magnetic circuit design of the magneto-rheological damper proposed by the present invention can also have many variations, all of which belong to the technical solution proposed by the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. An inverter-type magneto-rheological damper, comprising a cylinder body, a piston arranged in the cylinder body, a piston rod connected to it, a sealing guide device and a cylinder head arranged at both ends of the cylinder body in turn, and the cylinder body cavity is filled with There are magnetorheological fluid as a damping medium, an electromagnetic magnetic circuit component composed of a magnetizer for forming a magnetic circuit, an excitation coil that can generate a magnetic field, and a working air gap; the cylinder body is composed of the main cylinder, or the main cylinder and the auxiliary cylinder, or a master cylinder and a bypass cylinder, and is characterized in that: an excitation coil (1) and a permanent magnet (2) are set at the same time on the magnetic circuit part of the electromagnetic magnetic circuit part, and the composite magnetic circuit is composed of the excitation magnetic field and the permanent magnetic field, and the electromagnetic An auxiliary air gap (5) is also arranged in the magnetic circuit, so that the damper can work in a large damping state. When the coil is not energized, the magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet (2) forms a loop through the working air gap (4), and when the coil is energized, the excitation magnetic field generated by the exciting coil (1) and the permanent magnetic field form a loop through the auxiliary air gap (5) ; The working air gap (4) is a damping channel through which the magnetorheological fluid flows. 2. The inverter type magneto-rheological damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: when the piston (8) of the selected inverter type magneto-rheological damper is a piston with a groove in the middle, the electromagnetic The magnetic circuit components can be arranged in the groove of the piston (8), the gap between the piston and the cylinder is the working air gap (4) forming a damping channel, and the piston (8) is formed by a non-magnetic central connecting rod (15) Connected as a whole, the excitation coil (1) is wound on the cylindrical magnetizer core (3 _a ), the middle section of the magnetizer core (3 _a ) is provided with an auxiliary air gap (5), and the magnetizer core (3 _a ) Sleeved on the center connecting rod (15) and close to the magnetizer (3) at the end of the exciting coil (1), the outer ring of the exciting coil (1) and the magnetizer (3) at the end of the exciting coil (1) A cylindrical magnetic isolation sheath (17) is arranged therebetween, and the permanent magnets (2) are evenly embedded in the magnetic isolation sheath (17). 3. The inverter magnetorheological damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: when the selected damper is provided with an inner cylinder (20) and an outer cylinder, the outer cylinder passes through the liquid hole (21 ) communicates with the inner cylinder, the electromagnetic magnetic circuit components can be arranged inside the sealing device at the end of the inner cavity of the cylinder, the outer side of which is a disc-shaped magnetic conductor (3), and the central part is a magnetic conductor core (3 _a ) , the excitation coil (1) is wound on the magnetic conductor core (3 _a ), the protruding part of the magnetic conductor core (3 _a ) and the protruding part of the magnetic conductor (3) outside the excitation coil (1) enclose the working gas Gap (4), the magnetic conductor core (3 _a ) inside the exciting coil (1) is provided with an auxiliary air gap (5) at one end close to the sealing device, and the other end is between the magnetic conductor (3) and the magnetic conductor core (3 _a ) There is a disk-shaped magnetic isolation sheath (17) to protect the coil from wear and tear, the permanent magnet (2) is embedded in the magnetic isolation sheath (17), and a magnetic pole of the permanent magnet (2) is connected to the inner pole of the coil The magnetic conductor iron core (3 _a ) is closely connected, and the other magnetic pole is closely connected with the magnetic conductor (3) outside the coil. 4. The inverter type magneto-rheological damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: when the selected damper is provided with a bypass cylinder (22) connected to its interior through a liquid hole (21), the The electromagnetic magnetic circuit components described above can be located in the bypass cylinder (22), the center of the bypass cylinder (22) is a magnetically permeable mandrel (3 _b ) made of magnetically permeable material, and the magnetically permeable mandrel (3 _b ) is connected with the wrapped excitation The gap between the L-shaped columnar magnetic conductors of the coil (1) is a working air gap (4) under the action of a magnetic field, and a magnetic isolation sheath (17) is provided between the working air gap (4) and the excitation coil (1). The permanent magnets (2) are evenly embedded in the cylindrical magnetic isolation sheath (17), and an annular auxiliary air gap (5) is arranged in the middle outside the exciting coil (1). 5. The inverter type magneto-rheological damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: the electromagnetic magnetic circuit components can be located between the sealing devices on both sides inside the cylinder body, and the inner wall of the cylinder body is provided with a magnetic isolation sheath (17), the permanent magnet (2) is evenly embedded in the cylindrical magnetic isolation sheath (17), the excitation coil (1) is wound on the outside of the magnetic isolation sheath (17), and the exterior of the excitation coil (1) and The end part is a high-permeability magnetizer (3), the gap formed between the magnetizer (3) and the piston (8) is the working air gap (4), and an auxiliary Air gap (5).

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