CN100354179C - Transverse peninsula type ship building method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a transverse peninsula shipbuilding method and belongs to the technical field of shipbuilding. The method mainly includes: delineating the construction length of the second half of the ship according to the width of the dock, and determining the loading area and the number of sections; using one lower trolley as the main hook, and two upper trolleys as auxiliary hooks to carry out the loading scheme; Carry out segmental or total segmental hoisting in the dock. During the floating process of the hull, the whole ship and the second half of the ship float in the dock at the same time; the floating process includes floating, turning 90 degrees, shifting, and dropping the pier. The method can make full use of the remaining length of a single ship in the dock after construction, and significantly improve the utilization rate and efficiency of the dock.

Description

Lateral Peninsula Shipbuilding Method

technical field

The invention relates to a shipbuilding method, in particular to a transverse peninsula shipbuilding method in a dock.

Background technique

For shipyards, the dock is the core production facility, and improving the utilization and efficiency of the dock means improving the shipbuilding tonnage and efficiency of the shipyard. The original design of the dock is generally designed and formulated according to the maximum size requirements of a certain ship type, and only one ship can be built in this dock.

To manufacture two ships in one dock, the longitudinal semi-tandem shipbuilding method is usually adopted. The longitudinal semi-tandem shipbuilding method refers to the way that one and a half ships are built in a dock in a longitudinally arranged front and rear, in a series state, that is to say, Shipyards are designed taking into account the best shipbuilding methods, i.e. cost-maximizing utilization. For the longitudinal semi-tandem shipbuilding method, half the ship does not need to turn in the dock, but only needs to be shifted longitudinally. However, if the length dimension of the dock cannot meet the requirements of the longitudinal semi-tandem shipbuilding method to manufacture two ships in series, this method cannot be adopted. If a smaller ship is to be built, and two ships cannot be built in parallel in the dock, nor can the longitudinal semi-tandem construction be used, the vacant area in the dock will be wasted.

However, when adopting the transverse peninsula shipbuilding method, it is necessary to consider whether half the length of the ship arranged can float, that is to say, there must be one or more than two ballast tanks. The cabin area is divided, and some sections of the cabin can only be loaded after being displaced, which has certain technical difficulties.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a horizontal peninsula shipbuilding method, which adopts horizontal construction of ships in the dock, so that even if smaller ships are to be built, and two ships cannot be built in parallel in the dock, vertical In the case of semi-tandem construction, the free area in the dock will not be wasted, which improves the utilization and efficiency of the dock.

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention modifies the floating process from the original longitudinal semi-tandem shipbuilding method "floating → shifting → pier falling" to "floating → turning 90 degrees → shifting → pier falling", the method includes The following steps:

a. Delineate the construction length of the stern section according to the width of the dock, and determine the loading area and the number of sections;

b. Carry out segmental or total segmental hoisting in the dock;

c. During the floating process of the hull, the floating order of the whole boat and the second half boat is: the whole boat floats first, and then the second half boat floats;

d. Install temporary bollards and fairleads around the deck, the platform and the engine room platform of the second half of the ship, and use steel wire ropes to connect with the traction trolley and winch cable car near the dock. When the ship is in a floating state, The steel wire ropes connected with the traction trolley and winch cable car begin to tighten gradually. After the second half of the ship floats smoothly, the two steel wire ropes at points A and B (the point where the first traction trolley 3 and the first winch trolley 4 are connected) are tightened. Let the ship be close to the target on the side of the dock, and then, lead the rear half of the ship to the traction trolley (the second traction trolley 5) at point C and begin to slowly move towards the dock door, and point D in the opposite direction (the second winch cable car 6 A steel wire for traction) gradually relaxes, slowly rotates around point B (the point drawn by the winch cable car 4), and after turning 30-50 degrees, use a tugboat to pull the rear half of the ship, and then turn it into 90 degrees, After the second half of the ship is dragged in place, the gate can be closed, and then the latter half of the ship is towed with a traction trolley and a cable winch around it to locate the second half of the ship.

According to the characteristics of the 600-ton crane, the location of the hoisting rings in the general group of the engine room area in the transverse construction method is an isosceles triangle with the FR47 bulkhead as the base, and the hoisting rings are arranged at the vertices of the isosceles triangle. Segmentation is to use one lower trolley as the main hook, and two upper trolleys as auxiliary hooks to carry out the loading scheme.

In order to ensure that the second half of the ship can be moved directly to its place after the whole ship is undocked, the pier layout of the second half of the ship’s stern section should be done before the whole ship is floated, and after the second half of the ship is positioned, remove it. Extra docks. In this way, the whole process can be achieved in one go, eliminating the need to pump water, arrange docks, release water, and then turn, move, and position the second half of the ship after the entire ship is undocked.

The horizontal peninsula shipbuilding method provided by the present invention has the beneficial effect that the remaining space in the dock is fully utilized, and the production cycle of each ship in the dock is greatly shortened because it can be segmented in advance in the dock , Significantly increased the shipbuilding tonnage and benefits of the shipyard.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the construction location of the horizontal peninsula.

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the displacement of the horizontal peninsula type construction.

Fig. 3 is 101, 102 total section longitudinal construction suspension ring arrangement diagram.

Fig. 4 is 101, 102 total section transverse construction hoisting ring arrangement diagrams.

Fig. 5 is the layout drawing of 522/532 horizontal construction hoisting horses.

Fig. 6 is a layout diagram of the 522/532 longitudinal construction hoisting horse.

Figure 7 is the layout of the rear half of the ship H1013 bulk carrier and the pier pier of the whole ship H1010

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment the present invention is described in further detail, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, No. two dock scale is 360m * 76m, and whole ship H1010 ship (2), total length is 288m, and width 51m, There is a length of about 60m between the bow of the whole ship H1010 ship (2) and the rear wall of the dock. The main dimensions of the second half ship H1013 bulk carrier (1) are 289m in overall length and 42m in molded width.

Before formulating the flotation process:

1. Based on the analysis of the floating state of the bulk carrier, under the basic condition of floating, the construction length of the stern section is determined to be 68 meters according to the width of the No. 2 dock of 76 meters, and the diagonal line is 72 meters ( Radius of rotation), that is, to construct the 175,000-ton second-half ship H1013 ship (1) horizontally in the No. 2 dock, and determine the loading area and the number of sections.

2. During the process of steering and shifting of the ship, a certain safe operation distance is maintained between the external dimensions and the dock. When turning, the maximum diagonal dimension of the hull must be less than the width of the dock plus the minimum operating distance between the boat and the dock wall.

3. The measurement conditions for hull displacement and pier must be well established, including hull tightness and ballast balance during floating.

The flotation process includes the following steps:

1. Before floating, the hull structure of the bulk carrier: the segmental assembly and welding of the stern of the engine room and the cargo hold area is completed.

2. The front and rear temporary water gauge marks for the stern section of the bulk carrier are completed. The original theoretical centerline and two straight lines in the dock are barged to the main hull and marked, and the centerline is barged to the dock door with a laser device as the stern. It is used when the section is shifted, and the rib positioning marks are made on both sides of the hull and both sides of the dock wall.

3. The temporary bollards and fairleads on the bulk carrier are installed in place, a handle is provided between the hull and the dock wall, the head pipe lane on the bulk carrier and the sealing plate at the outlet of the stern shaft are sealed, and Close the relevant valve. Carry out a comprehensive inspection of the hull according to the requirements of the Flotation Project Integrity Confirmation Form. In order to prevent leakage of piping systems and valves, etc., prepare quick cement and water pumps, etc.

4. The floating sequence during the floating process of the hull is: the whole ship H1010 (2) floats first with a draft of about 3.51m, and then the second half of the ship H1013 bulk carrier (1) floats with a draft of about 4.5m. If the bow and stern tilt and the trim difference is greater than 0.5m, pressurize iron or ballast water to adjust the longitudinal balance. When the heel > 50mm, adjust the lateral balance by pressing iron or ballast water on the left and right;

5. Install temporary bollards and fairleads around the deck and stern platform of the latter half of the ship H1013 bulk carrier (1), and use φ38mm steel wire ropes to connect with the first traction trolley (3) and the second Traction dolly (5), the first winch cable car (4), the second winch cable car (6) are connected, when ship is in floating state, around with the first traction dolly (3), the second traction dolly (5), the 2nd draw dolly (6) The wire ropes connected by the first winch cable car (4) and the second winch cable car (6) begin to tighten gradually, and after the stern section of the second half ship H1013 bulk carrier (1) floats smoothly, first points A and B (the first traction car 3 , the point that the first winch cable car 4 is connected) the two wire ropes that connect are tightened up, let the boats and ships approach the target near the dock, and then, the second traction trolley (5) that leads C point begins to slowly move toward the dock door direction , a steel wire connected by the second twisted cable car (6) in the opposite direction is loosened a little bit, slowly rotates around point B (the point pulled by the first twisted cable car 4), and after turning 40 degrees, use a tugboat (7) to Tow the latter half of the ship H1013 bulk carrier (1), and then turn 50 degrees. Move another 220M, and after the stern section of the bulk carrier is dragged in place, the gate can be closed, and then the traction trolley and cable winch around the second half of the ship H1013 bulk carrier (1) are used to pull, and the second half of the ship H1013 is scattered. The stern section of the cargo ship (1) is positioned.

6. Before the ship falls to the pier, the draft difference between bow and stern is required to be less than 150mm, and the heel difference is less than 40mm. When the dock is pumping water, when the bottom of the ship is 500mm away from the position of the pier, the pumping will be suspended. The operator straightens the boat immediately according to the position of the stern and midship lasers, and after confirming that the position of the hull is correct, immediately pumps water until the pier ends. After the hull falls to the pier, check the baseline of the hull again and reconfirm the centerline.

For the hoisting of subsections or total sections in the dock, the setting of the hoisting ring is the key. Because the three hooks of the 600-ton crane run in a straight line, one gets off the trolley and the other two go on the trolley, which cannot be rotated like the gantry high crane.

The horizontal construction method used in the No. 2 dock is completely different from the hoisting scheme in the vertical construction method. The longitudinal construction method is shown in Figure 3. For example, the engine room areas 101 and 102 are divided into general groups, and the suspension ring of the longitudinal construction method is based on the frame position line L5+200 (12) which is at a distance from the fifth longitudinal in the midship + 200 (12). Arranged as an isosceles triangle, and the rings are arranged at the vertices of the isosceles triangle. The horizontal construction method is shown in Figure 4. The suspension ring positions of the 101 and 102 general group sections of the horizontal construction method are based on the FR47 bulkhead compartment (11), making an isosceles triangle, and the suspension rings are arranged on the isosceles The apex of the triangle, and through the force analysis of the total section, arrange the lifting rings (9, 10) and select the ring type.

However, the difficulty of hoisting in this general section is the configuration of the wire ropes. According to the characteristics of the hoisting row of the 6001-ton crane, the steel wire ropes on the lifting row of the lower trolley cannot be directly connected to the 8 B-shaped lifting rings on the general section as a rule, because the 8 lifting rings Arranged in a figure eight shape. In the implementation process of the present invention, the length of each group of steel wire ropes of the trolley suspension must be configured through calculation, and the length tolerance should be controlled within the range that the suspension can adjust the balance to ensure that each suspension ring is evenly stressed.

As shown in Figure 5, for the 521/31, 522/32 and other segments in the transverse construction of bulk carriers, one lower trolley (14) is used as the main hook, and two upper trolleys (13) are used as auxiliary hooks for loading plan. It is also different from the segmental hoisting schemes of 521/31, 522/32 in the longitudinal mode. The longitudinal construction is shown in Figure 6, with two upper trolleys (13) as the main hook and one lower trolley (14) No. 3 hook is an auxiliary hook.

With horizontal construction, the requirements for the arrangement of the lifting rings are also higher. In actual construction, the center of gravity of a segment and the total segment is formed by the sum of the weight of the steel structure and the weight of the outfitting. For the error of the calculation of the center of gravity, if the two upper trolleys are used as the main hook to hang the segment or the total segment, any one of the two main hooks can be used to adjust the front and rear balance. If a suspension hook is used as the main hook to hang, it may not be possible to achieve balance from left to right or from front to back.

In the No. 2 dock, among the 31 sections of the 175,000-ton bulk carrier, the position of the lifting ring needs to be adjusted, which is basically similar to the 102 general section and the 522/32 general group section.

In order to ensure that the H1013 bulk carrier can be directly moved into place after the H1010 ship is undocked, the docking pier of the bulk carrier needs to be moved according to the "Sectional Loading and Marking Drawing in the Dock" and "Docking Pier Layout" before the main floatation. Arranged, as shown in Figure 7. In order to ensure that the corrugated wood level in the dock of the bulk carrier meets the requirements, first measure the bottom level of the H1010 ship. The bottom level refers to the vertical height from the center line of the base surface of the outer plate of the ship bottom to the bottom of the dock, and the measurement tolerance is ±25mm, such as If this tolerance is exceeded, the height of the bottom of the ship of 1800mm needs to be adjusted to reset a level.

Dock piers with a height greater than 1800+25mm shall be dismantled together when the H1010 ship is undocked. If this dock is used together with the bulk carrier, add a dock next to it.

Claims (8)

1. A horizontal peninsula type shipbuilding method is characterized in that, comprises the following steps: a. Delineate the construction length of the stern section according to the width of the dock, and determine the loading area and the number of sections; b. Carry out segmental or total segmental hoisting in the dock; c. During the floating process of the hull, the floating sequence of the whole ship and the second half of the ship in the dock is: the whole ship floats first, then the second half of the ship; Carrying water to adjust vertical or lateral balance; d. Temporary bollards and fairleads are installed around the deck and engine room platform of the rear half ship (1), and the first traction trolley (3), the second traction trolley (5), The first winch cable car (4) and the second winch cable car (6) are connected. 1. The wire ropes connected by the second winch cable car (6) begin to tighten up gradually. After the second half of the ship (1) floats smoothly, at first the two wire ropes connected by the first traction trolley (3) and the first winch cable car (4) are tightened. Tighten, let the ship get close to the docking target, then, the second traction trolley (5) that pulls the second half of the ship begins to move slowly towards the dock door, and a steel wire connected to the second winch cable car (6) in the opposite direction Gradually relax, slowly rotate around the point drawn by the first winch cable car (4), after turning 30-50 degrees, use a tugboat (7) to pull the second half of the ship, then turn to 90 degrees, the second half of the ship After the ship (1) is dragged in place, the gate can be closed, and then the latter half of the ship (1) is towed with a traction car and a cable winch around it to locate the latter half of the ship (1). 2. The transverse peninsula shipbuilding method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, in the hoisting of the section or total section described in step b, the position of the lifting ring of the section of the overall group of the engine room area is based on the FR47 bulkhead ( 11) is the bottom, make an isosceles triangle, and suspension ring is arranged at the apex of the isosceles triangle. 3. The horizontal peninsula shipbuilding method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, for the carrying-on of the sections described in step b, one lower trolley (14) is used as the main hook, and two upper trolleys (13) are used as auxiliary hooks to carry out the deployment plan. 4. The transverse peninsula shipbuilding method according to claim 1, wherein the docking arrangement of the second half of the ship is done before the whole ship is floated, and after the second half of the ship is positioned, the pier is removed. Extra docks. 5. The horizontal peninsula shipbuilding method as claimed in claim 1, wherein, before the ship falls to the pier after shifting, the draft difference between bow and stern is less than 150mm, and the heel difference is less than 40mm; When the difference is 400-600mm, stop pumping; the operator will straighten the ship immediately according to the laser data of bow, stern and midship, and after confirming that the position of the hull is correct, pump water immediately until the end of the pier; The baseline is checked again and the centerline is reconfirmed. 6. The transverse peninsula shipbuilding method according to claim 1, characterized in that, during the shifting process of step d, a certain safe operating distance is maintained between the external dimensions and the dock, and when turning, the maximum diagonal of the hull Dimensions less than the width of the dock plus the minimum operating distance of the boat from the dock wall. 7. The horizontal peninsula shipbuilding method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, before the buoyancy described in step c, the front and rear temporary water gauge marks of the stern section of the bulk carrier are completed, the original theoretical centerline in the dock and the two The straight section line is barged to the main hull and marked, and the center line is barged to the dock door with a laser for use when the stern section is shifted, and rib positioning marks are made on both sides of the hull and both sides of the dock wall; Install the temporary cable piles and fairleads on the bulk carrier in place, set up a handle between the hull and the dock wall, seal the head pipe lane and the sealing plate at the exit of the stern shaft on the bulk carrier, and close the relevant valve. 8. The transverse peninsula shipbuilding method as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that, before the whole ship is lifted, the bottom level of the whole ship is first measured, and the bottom level refers to the center of the base surface of the outer plate of the bottom of the ship. The vertical height from the line to the bottom of the dock has a measurement tolerance of ±25mm. If this tolerance is exceeded, reset the horizontal height for the level of the bottom of the ship.

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