CN100333988C - Small-size hydraulic buffer for elevator - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a small size hydraulic buffer for elevators with ultra high speed, which comprises a piston subassembly, an outer cylinder body subassembly, a cylinder cover, an inner cylinder body with a radial throttling hole, a lower base, an inner cylinder base, a butterfly spring and an energy accumulator, wherein the inner cylinder body is provided with the radial throttling hole; the energy accumulator is connected with the outer cylinder body subassembly; the inner cylinder body is fixed with the lower base by being positioned and sealed by the inner cylinder base and forms a closed inner cavity with the piston subassembly in a sealing method; the cylinder cover is fixed to the outer cylinder body subassembly; the butterfly spring is fixed to the inner cylinder base. The present invention omits original springs used for restoring position; when objects impact the buffer, the present invention realizes buffering and position restoring through the throttling of the throttling hole and the energy storage function of the energy accumulator and by using the compressed and expanded gas in the energy accumulator; when the present invention is used for buffering, the energy accumulator stores pressure energy for buffering and absorbing impact; when the present invention used for restoring position, the present invention realizing position restoring through the energy accumulator which releases pressure energy for push the piston subassembly to move. The present invention has the characteristics of small structure size, light weight, convenient installation, small buffering impact, stable buffering process and large buffering mass range.

Description

Small size hydraulic buffer for elevator

technical field

The invention relates to a buffering device, in particular to a small-sized hydraulic buffer for elevators. Used in the field of mechanical technology.

Background technique

At present, the hydraulic buffer mainly realizes two functions of buffering and reset. During the buffering process, throttling is adopted, and springs are used to achieve reset. When a high-speed moving object suddenly hits the buffer, through the action of throttling and spring, the deceleration is controlled, and the moving object is gradually stopped and reset after buffering. According to the European standard EN81-1: 1998 "Safety Regulations for Elevator Manufacturing and Installation", when the car with the rated load falls freely and hits the car buffer at 115% of the rated speed, the average deceleration during the action of the buffer should be No more than 1g; the action time of deceleration above 2.5g should not be more than 0.04s, in order to meet the elevator standard requirements. However, the impact velocity of the plunger spring return type oil pressure buffer currently used is generally ≤2.5m/s.

Found through document retrieval to prior art, " elevator principle, use, maintenance " book (publisher: Electronic Industry Press, date of publication: first edition in June, 1996) edited by Wu Guozheng, the sixth of this book Chapter 5, page 180, buffer section introduces the structural features of the elevator buffer. For the thin-walled circular gap throttling buffer adjusted by the variable axis, it is easier to use when the maximum and minimum mass ratio of the buffer is 3-5 times. Its deceleration meets the standard requirements, but it will be difficult if the quality range is expanded. According to its description, a return spring is installed. For an ultra-high-speed elevator, the braking distance calculated according to the elevator standard requirements is 0.135v ² (v is the rated speed of the elevator in m/s). The inability to reduce its free height will inevitably lead to waste of construction space. At the same time, under high-speed impact, the impact of the original plunger spring return type is more obvious under the condition of large mass. The cushioning performance and structure cannot meet the needs of the development of ultra-high-speed elevators.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and provide a small-sized hydraulic buffer for elevators, which solves the super high-speed buffering process. The existing plunger spring return type hydraulic buffer cannot reduce the height and size, the performance of the buffering process is not ideal, and the range of buffering quality is limited. This design not only has the advantages of simple structure, small structure size, large buffer quality range, and better buffer performance than the spring return type.

The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions, the present invention includes: piston assembly, cylinder head, inner cylinder body with radial orifice on it, outer cylinder body assembly, lower base, inner cylinder base, butterfly spring and Accumulator. The connection relationship is as follows: the accumulator is connected with the outer cylinder body assembly, the inner cylinder body is sealed with the piston assembly through the positioning seal of the inner cylinder base and the fixation of the lower base, forming a closed inner cavity, and the cylinder head is fixed on the outer cylinder body assembly. Belleville springs are fixed on the base of the inner cylinder.

The outer cylinder assembly is composed of an outer cylinder head, an outer cylinder, an oil nozzle and an upper base. The outer cylinder is welded on the upper base, the outer cylinder head is welded on the outer cylinder, and the nozzle is welded on the outer cylinder to form the outer cylinder body, which plays the role of fixing the inner cylinder body, which is sealed with the lower base, and then sealed with the outer cylinder head through the cylinder head Form a closed outer cavity. An exhaust plug assembly is installed on the outer cylinder head for oil injection and exhaust after buffering.

The piston assembly consists of a piston, a piston rod, a piston rod head, and a rubber head, and the vertical movement is maintained through a guide sleeve. Among them, the piston rod must meet the requirements of stability and strength, and the seal between the piston and the inner cylinder must be sealed due to the orifice to ensure its working life.

There are regularly changing orifices on the inner cylinder, which is the key to throttling during the entire buffering process. Its structure is a small hole with concentric steps or a thin-walled hole. The relationship between them is determined, and the designed orifice is 2 to 3 small holes distributed regularly in the longitudinal and circumferential directions, and it meets the requirements of thin-walled small holes. Due to the requirements of the manufacturing process, the orifice can be a small hole with concentric steps.

The accumulator is an energy storage device with a certain gas chamber functional structure, which is connected to the outer cylinder body by filling inert gas, and fixed on the outer cylinder body by a fixing device. During the buffering process, the impact is absorbed and energy is stored through the function of the accumulator, so as to quickly absorb energy and increase the function of energy storage, which can reduce the cylinder size of the buffer. Energy release achieves reset.

The belleville spring is pre-tightened and fixed on the base of the inner cylinder through a threaded connection, which has the functions of anti-buffer bottoming and reset. When it is buffered to the end, it prevents the moving piston from directly hitting the bottom, and at the same time considers the requirement of resetting the minimum orifice. When resetting, the pressure oil in the accumulator enters the inner cavity of the cylinder through the action of the butterfly spring to ensure Normal reset.

The present invention adopts radial throttle holes and accumulators to realize buffering and reset, and regularly changing throttle holes are distributed on the inner cylinder. The effect of liquid viscosity. When a high-speed object hits the buffer, the liquid inside and outside the cylinder forms a pressure difference, and through the action of the orifice and the accumulator, the pressure difference is changed to achieve deceleration and achieve the purpose of buffering. Small size is achieved in structure, the original return spring is canceled, and the energy accumulator is used to release the pressure energy to realize the reset. This structural type has the advantages of small size, light weight, convenient installation, small inertia, sensitive response, and can effectively absorb the initial impact energy. and other features. An accumulator is installed on the outer cylinder, and the accumulator is pre-filled with a certain pressure of gas. When buffering, the pressure of the outer cavity increases when the piston moves, and the gas in the accumulator is compressed, thereby increasing its pressure. It has the function of "air spring". After buffering the result, when the axle box leaves the buffer, the pressure in the accumulator can be released. Because the pressure difference in the inner and outer cylinders pushes the piston to move upwards, so as to realize the reset, the whole reset stroke can be very long. During the buffering process, the accumulator plays the role of energy storage. While storing the energy in the buffering process, it absorbs the impact during the buffering process, so that the maximum deceleration of the buffering process does not occur at the moment of the impact, and at the same time reduces the temperature rise of the oil. , improve the buffering characteristics, reduce the structure size of the buffer, and achieve the purpose of buffering.

The invention can not only improve the cushioning characteristic, but also reduce the overall size structurally, saving the building installation space. Considering that the buffer mainly realizes the two functions of buffering and reset, in order to reduce the buffering impact and realize the function of buffering and reseting, the buffer uses an accumulator to store part of the kinetic energy during the buffering process and realize the reset of the plunger. The buffer stroke of the present invention is short, and a large amount of pressure energy can be stored by the accumulator after throttling, and maintain a certain pressure, absorb oil pressure shock and pressure pulsation, and maintain stable braking. In the present invention, the external return spring is canceled, so that the problem of the height of the entire buffer caused by the spring can be solved; since the accumulator is added externally, the entire system can accommodate more hydraulic oil, so that the oil temperature rises too high The problem can be overcome; the accumulator can absorb the pulsating pressure and reduce the impact; the inertia of the accumulator is small and the response is fast, which well overcomes the shortcomings of the spring accumulator.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural sectional view of the present invention

Fig. 2 is the structure diagram of the outer cylinder body of the present invention

In the figure: 1 piston assembly, 2 outer cylinder assembly, 3 piston rod, 4 cylinder head, 5 guide sleeve, 6 outer cylinder head, 7 outer cylinder, 8 piston, 9 inner cylinder, 10 control valve, 11 upper base, 12 lower base, 13 inner cylinder base, 14 butterfly spring, 15 accumulator, 16 oil nozzle, 17 exhaust plug assembly, 18 rubber head, 19 piston rod head

Detailed ways

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the present invention includes: a piston assembly 1, an outer cylinder body assembly 2, a cylinder head 4, an inner cylinder body 9, a lower base 12, an inner cylinder base 13, a disc spring 14 and an accumulator 15. The connection relationship is as follows: the accumulator 15 is connected with the outer cylinder assembly 2, the inner cylinder 9 is sealed with the piston assembly 1 to form a closed inner cavity through the positioning seal of the inner cylinder base 13 and the fixation of the lower base 12, and the cylinder head 4 Fixed on the outer cylinder body assembly 2, the Belleville spring 14 is fixed on the inner cylinder base 13.

The outer cylinder assembly 2 is made up of an outer cylinder head 6, an outer cylinder 7, an upper base 11, and a nozzle 16. The outer cylinder 7 is welded on the upper base 11, the outer cylinder head 6 is welded on the outer cylinder 7, and the oil nozzle 16 is welded on the outer cylinder 7 to form an outer cylinder body, which is sealed with the lower base 12, and then through the cylinder head 4 and the outer cylinder head 6 The seal forms a closed outer cavity. An exhaust plug assembly is installed on the outer cylinder head 6 .

The piston assembly 1 is composed of a piston rod 3, a piston 8, a rubber head 18, and a piston rod head 19. The rubber head 18 and the piston rod head 19 are connected by screws, and the piston rod 3 is connected with the piston 8, and is connected by a retaining ring and a lock nut. A moving part; the guide sleeve 5 is fixed on the cylinder head 4 through the retaining ring, and the piston rod passes through the guide sleeve 5 which acts as a guide to ensure the vertical movement of the piston assembly 1.

The inner cylinder 9 seals with the piston assembly 1 through the positioning seal of the inner cylinder base 13 and the fixation of the lower base 12 to form a closed inner cavity. The radial orifice on the inner cylinder 9 changes the throttle area according to the displacement function. Regularly distributed radial holes, its structure is concentric step holes or thin-walled holes, the diameter of the holes is determined according to the relationship between the maximum and minimum mass of the buffer and the area and displacement, the throttle hole is determined according to the longitudinal and circumferential There are regular holes in the distribution direction, and there are 2 to 3 holes in the circumferential direction, and it meets the requirements of thin-walled small holes.

The accumulator 15 is connected to the outer cylinder body 7 through the connecting pipe, the control valve 10 and the conversion joint to form an external energy storage device; Structural devices for gas, bladder or plunger accumulators mounted horizontally or vertically.

The cylinder head 4 is fixed on the outer cylinder head 6 by screws and washers, and the shaft is sealed by the sealing ring. The outer cylinder head 6 is provided with a guide sleeve 5 which guides the piston rod 3 .

An oil nozzle 16 is welded on the outer cylinder 7, and an exhaust plug assembly 17 is connected to the outer cylinder 7 by threads.

The present invention mainly realizes two working processes of buffering and resetting. When a heavy object hits the rubber head 18, the rubber head 18 acts as a buffer to prevent the metal from directly impacting. Then, the piston 8 is pushed down by the piston rod 3 to compress the liquid. A pressure difference is formed, part of the liquid passing through the orifice returns from the return hole, and part of it flows into the accumulator 15 through the tube to realize the buffering and energy storage process. When the buffering is completed, the weight leaves and the compressed butterfly spring 14 Push the piston 8 to move upward, and when it reaches the lowest orifice, the pressure in the accumulator 15 pushes the piston 8 upward through the liquid to reset.

Claims (8)

1, a kind of small-size hydraulic buffer for elevator, comprise: piston component (1), outer cylinder body assembly (2), cylinder cap (4), which is provided with the radially inner cylinder body of cutoff port (9), lower bottom base (12), inner casing base (13), it is characterized in that, also comprise: belleville spring (14) and energy storage (15), omit former resetting and used spring, its annexation is: energy storage (15) is connected with outer cylinder body assembly (2), inner cylinder body (9) is by the location sealing of inner casing base (13) and fixing of lower bottom base (12), form the osed top inner chamber with piston component (1) sealing, cylinder cap (4) is fixed on the outer cylinder body assembly (2), and belleville spring (14) is fixed on the inner casing base (13).

2, small-size hydraulic buffer for elevator according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, outer cylinder body assembly (2) is made up of outer cylinder head (6), outer shell (7), upper bed-plate (11), oil nozzle (16), outer shell (7) is welded on the upper bed-plate (11), outer cylinder head (6) is welded on the outer shell (7), oil nozzle (16) is welded on the outer shell (7), form outer cylinder body, itself and lower bottom base (12) seal, form the osed top exocoel by cylinder cap (4) and outer cylinder head (6) sealing again, cylinder head (6) is provided with the air venting plug assembly outside.

3, small-size hydraulic buffer for elevator according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, piston component (1) is made up of piston rod (3), piston (8), Rubber end (18), piston rod head (19), Rubber end (18) is connected by screw with piston rod head (19), piston rod (3) is connected with piston (8), is linked as a movable parts by back-up ring and jam nut.

4, small-size hydraulic buffer for elevator according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, inner cylinder body (9) is by the location sealing of inner casing base (13) and fixing of lower bottom base (12), form the osed top inner chamber with piston component (1) sealing, its structure of radially cutoff port on the inner cylinder body (9) is concentric stepped hole, the diameter in hole is to determine according to the relation between buffering minimax quality and area and the displacement, and satisfies the requirement of thin-walled aperture.

5, elevator according to claim 1 small size hydraulic cushion, it is characterized in that, energy storage (15) is connected to form outer energy storage equipment by connection pipe, control cock (10) and adapter substitute and outer shell (7), energy storage (15) is to have " air bellow " of initial pressure or have the air chamber function, can charge into the constructional device of unreactable gas, level or vertically arranged leather bag or plunger tpe energy storage.

6, small-size hydraulic buffer for elevator according to claim 1, it is characterized in that cylinder cap (4) is fixed on the outer cylinder head 6 by screw, packing ring, realize the sealing of axle by seal ring, outer cylinder head (6) is provided with orienting sleeve (5), and orienting sleeve (5) play the guiding role to piston rod (3).

7, elevator according to claim 1 small size hydraulic cushion is characterized in that, is welded with oil nozzle (16) on the outer shell (7), and air venting plug assembly (17) is by the outer shell that is threaded (7).

8, small-size hydraulic buffer for elevator according to claim 1 is characterized in that, belleville spring (14) is fixed on the inner casing base (13) in advance tightly by being threaded.

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