CH705767B1 - Mild and sustainable detergents and cleaning agents. - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention describes mild enzyme-free detergents and cleaners for use on hard surfaces, fibers and / or textiles containing surfactants characterized by an exceptionally high proportion of long-chain (> C18) alkyl radicals of more than 60 wt .-% and a proportion of Unsaturated alkyl radicals of over 50%, each based on the total content of alkyl chains of the surfactants contained in the mean. Furthermore, new agents are described which are free of fatty alcohol sulfates, fatty alcohol ether sulfates and polyethylene glycols (PEG) and alkoxylates.

Description

Subject and / or technical area

The invention relates to new, mild enzyme-free detergents and cleaning agents for use on hard surfaces, fibers and / or textiles, which contain surfactants which are characterized by an unusually high proportion of unsaturated, long-chain (> C18) alkyl radicals and Vegetable oils, waxes, fats or resins of the temperate zones are based. In further embodiments, the agents according to the invention are free from fatty alcohol sulfate and / or ether sulfate and also free from polyethylene glycol (PEG) and alkoxylate. This is particularly useful for consumers with sensitive skin, in natural products and in households with particularly vulnerable people (e.g. children, people with mental or physical limitations, etc.).

State of the art

Mild surfactant compositions have been described numerous times. The importance of finding technical solutions for mild, dermatologically well-tolerated cleaning agents has increased massively in the last few decades, not least because of the increase in contact allergies among consumers. Often the skin irritations are triggered by contact with surfactants over a longer period of time. During the cleaning process, the consumer's skin is exposed to the chemical agent, often with the result of an influence that the consumer can feel, such as rough or dry skin. In particular, sulfates and their ether sulfates, which are primarily used to a large extent in detergents and cleaning agents because of their relatively low costs and good cleaning performance, can be described as considerably irritating according to the literature (Novak, E., Francon, ST (1984): Inflammatory Response to Sodium Lauryl Sulfate in Aqueous Solutions Applied to the Skin of Human Volunteers, Contact Dermatitis, Volume 10, pp. 101-104; Sugar, M., Schmukker, R. (2001): Reduction of the skin adsorption of Sodium Laureth Sulfate, SÖfW Journal , Volume 127, pp. 3-5; Effendy, I., Maibach, H. I. (1995): Surfactants and experimental irritant contact dermatitis, Contact Dermatitis, Volume 33, pp. 217-225). Mild cleaning agents are also of interest because many consumers describe their own skin type as sensitive, even if they have a normal, healthy skin condition.

In addition to good skin compatibility and high cleaning performance, the sustainable and efficient use of raw materials in detergents and cleaning agents is now a central requirement on the part of consumers. So far, the main demand for surfactants for detergents, care and cleaning agents has come from about 80% fossil raw materials, i.e. predominantly from petroleum, covered. Due to the known effects on the climate, possible accidents during transport, the limited nature of these raw materials and the political situation in the producing countries, this increasingly represents an ecological, economic and also political challenge (project group Renewable Raw Materials (2010: Action day - FORUM WASCHEN from 07.07.2010 ). Current formulation concepts that dispense with the use of fossil raw materials are essentially based on palm and coconut oils and only account for around 20% of the surfactants used in the washing and cleaning sector (IKW (2010): Status paper on the use of palm (kernel) oil in WPR products, 11/29/2010). Oils from these tropical plants are primarily used because of their high content of fatty acids with average alkyl chain lengths of C10 – C14, whose surfactants are known for their good water solubility, positive foam behavior and high detergency. Comparable formulations based on long-chain alkyl residues of> C18 have so far not been considered feasible (Claude, Sylvain (1999): Oleochemistry as an opportunity to consolidate the sustainable development of European oil crops - an updated prospect, Oleagineux, Corps Gras, Lipides, Volume 6, No. 5, pp. 418-27).

[0004] However, the sustainability concept of tropical oils is increasingly being called into question. It is feared that if the demand for palm oil continues to rise, valuable tropical forests in the producing countries will fall victim to the intensive cultivation of oil palms. In addition, such plantations are operated with massive use of herbicides and fertilizers. In order to promote the sustainable production and use of palm oil, the Roundtable on Sustainable Palmoil (RSPO) has adopted guidelines that stipulate that minimum social and ecological conditions must be met. However, this system is controversially discussed by numerous NGOs and other organizations (WWF Germany (2007): Rainforest for Biodiesel? Ecological Effects of the Energy Use of Palm Oil), since certification systems are unable to solve the fundamental problems. In addition to the challenges mentioned in the cultivation regions such as Indonesia, Philippines and Malaysia, the long transport routes to the main customer markets in Europe and North America contribute to an increase in the CO2 content in the atmosphere.

The use of local and / or regional oils from growing areas of the temperate zones as raw materials for detergents and cleaning agents, such as, for example, is therefore desirable for the conservation of natural resources and as a contribution to global climate protection. from geographical Europe. The consequence would be an increased agricultural cultivation of industrial oilseeds in the temperate zones, combined with a positive influence on the level of employment, trade balance, biodiversity, health and the environment.

There is therefore a great demand for detergents and cleaning agents which, for ecological, economic and socio-political reasons, are renewable, plant-based and contain neither fossil raw materials nor palm (kernel) - or coconut oil-based surfactants. At the same time, however, consumer requirements with regard to high cleaning power and dermatological compatibility must be met.

The complex task of the invention was therefore to find entirely new surfactant systems for detergents and cleaning agents with low skin irritation potential, which are based on surfactants with vegetable raw materials of the temperate zones and thus the negative effects of the extraction of palm oil or to reduce or eliminate it through the use of petroleum. While the saponification of vegetable oils for the production of soap bars has a long tradition, a combination of surfactants that are predominantly or even exclusively based on vegetable oils from the temperate zones is not yet available due to technical restrictions. Due to the high proportion of long-chain fatty acids (> C18), poorer water solubility and cleaning power are ascribed to the fatty acid mixtures in question and are therefore not used in known formulation concepts. By far the most frequently used anionic surfactants are C12 compounds such as lauryl ether sulfate or lauryl sulfate based on palm, coconut or petroleum, which according to the literature can be described as irritating (Effendy, I., Maibach, Hl (1995): Surfactants and experimental irritant contact dermatitis, Contact Dermatitis, Volume 33, pp. 217-225).

Consequently, it was necessary to produce stable agents that contain a predominant proportion of surfactants with alkyl chain lengths of C> 18 and are mostly unsaturated, as occur primarily in vegetable oils, waxes, fats or resins of the temperate zones.

It is also desirable to formulate detergents and cleaning agents that are free from polyethylene glycol (PEG) and alkoxylates, which are found in many common surfactants. In the literature, PEG and PEG derivatives are suspected of containing impurities, such as 1,4-dioxane or ethylene oxide, from their production process, which are described as carcinogens. Furthermore, it is assumed that PEG and its derivatives reduce the function of the skin barrier and thus enable other substances with irritation potential to penetrate the skin.

Surprisingly, a completely new concept has now been found to stably formulate mild detergents and cleaning agents based on vegetable oils, waxes, fats or resins of the temperate zones with good cleaning power. Through a targeted, novel selection of surfactants with regard to alkyl chain lengths with predominantly chain lengths of C> 18 and degree of saturation, as well as combination with auxiliaries to stabilize the formulation and increase cleaning performance, such as complexing agents and vegetable saponins, contrary to expectations, stable agents with high cleaning performance and low skin irritation potential. It is preferred to use surfactants which consist of mixtures of different chain lengths and degrees of saturation.

The present invention thus relates to new, mild surfactant compositions for use as washing and cleaning agents for hard surfaces and / or textiles. The agent according to the invention contains surfactants which are characterized by an exceptionally high proportion of unsaturated, long-chain (> C18) alkyl radicals and are based on vegetable oils, waxes, fats or resins of the temperate zone. In addition, the agents according to the invention are free of fatty alcohol sulfate or ether sulfate and, in a further embodiment, are free of polyethylene glycol (PEG) and alkoxylate. This is particularly useful for consumers with sensitive skin, in natural products and for households with people in particular need of protection (e.g. children, people with mental or physical limitations, etc.).

In the context of the present invention, temperate zones are those climatic zones which are geographically located between the subtropics and the cold zone, such as, for example, geographical Europe.

The vegetable oils, waxes, fats or resins of the temperate zone mentioned in the context of the teaching according to the invention include vegetable oils, waxes, fats or resins which are obtained from plants which either originally come from the temperate zones or come from plants that are grown or can thrive in the temperate zones. These are preferably natural triglycerides with a fatty acid distribution of fatty acids with alkyl chains of 18 and more carbon atoms of more than 60% by weight, particularly preferably more than 70% by weight and very particularly preferably more than 80% by weight, and of Fatty acids with alkyl chains of 16 and fewer carbon atoms of less than 20% by weight, in particular of alkyl chains with 14 carbon atoms and less of less than 5% by weight, the proportion of unsaturated fatty acids in these triglycerides being above 50% by weight, preferably is more than 60 wt .-% and particularly preferably between 70 and 90 wt .-%, based on the total content of vegetable oils, waxes, fats or resins.

In the context of the present invention - unless otherwise stated - based on vegetable oils, waxes, fats or resins representing derivatives of fatty acids - purified or as a mixture - and / or their reaction products, such as fatty alcohols and their ethers, amines or fatty acid amides, fatty acid esters, fatty acid imines, such as, for example, amphoacetates, hydrogenation products and products of addition reactions at the double bonds.

Unless explicitly stated otherwise, in the context of the present invention, alkyl and acyl represent unbranched, saturated or unsaturated radicals.

[0016] Substances that also serve as ingredients of cosmetic agents are referred to below, if appropriate, in accordance with the International Nomenclature Cosmetic Ingredient (INCI) nomenclature. The INCI names can be found in the "International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary and Handbook, 13th Edition (2010)". Publisher: The Personal Care Products Council.

Unless explicitly stated otherwise, the amounts given in percent by weight (wt .-%) relate to the entire agent. The percentages relate to the active content.

description

Description of the cleaning agent

Composition of the agent in relation to the surfactants

For the purposes of this application, the agent according to the invention contains surfactants with lipophilic (fat-soluble) parts which are characterized in that the surfactants carry a predominant proportion of alkyl chain lengths of 18 or more carbon atoms and are mostly unsaturated.

[0019] Surfactants suitable according to the invention are anionic, cationic, nonionic and / or zwitterionic surfactants, which are described in detail in this application in the “Surfactants” section.

The inventive washing and cleaning agent preferably contains one or more surfactants which are derived from vegetable oils, waxes, fats or resins, for example selected from the groups comprising: a) fatty acids and their alkali or ammonium salts with the general Formulas R (O) OH or R (O) OM with M = alkali metal cation or ammonium, for example anionic surfactants such as soaps made from alkali or ammonium salt (s) of fatty acids (soaps) and other b) fatty acid esters with the general formula R (O ) OR ́, for example acyl isethionate, acyl lactylate, sulfonated fatty acids, sulfonated fatty acid esters, such as sulfonated fatty acid glycerol esters and sulfonated fatty acid methyl esters, polyhydroxy fatty acid esters, as well as glyceryl and polyglyceryl esters with 1-20 glycerol units, Role, carboxylic acid esters and sorbitan esters with the general formula for example stearic acid, oleic acid, arachidic acid, behenic acid, erucic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid , Castor acid and other d) ethers of fatty alcohols with the general formula ROR ', for example ethoxylated and propoxylated fatty alcohols, polyoxyethylene glycols, glycolipids, such as alkyl polyglycosides with 1-10 glycoside units, alkyl sulfates and alkyl ether sulfates, alkyl phosphates and alkyl succate esters and sulfosene) with the general formula R (O) NR ́, for example N-acylamino acid derivatives, such as N-acylaspartate, N-acylglycinate, N-acylalaninate, N-acyl sarcosinate or N-acyl glutamate, acylated polypeptides, N-acylaminosulfonic acids, such as N-acyl tauride, Carboxylic acid amide ether sulfates, alkanolamine-carboxylic acid condensates, amidoalkylpyrrolidones, amidoamines and aminobetaines, acylated diamines and polyamines, and their salts and other f) fatty acid imines of the general formula R (NR ́) NR ́ ́R ́ ́ ́, for example imidazole carboxylates, or amphoacetates and others g) Primary, secondary, tertiary or quaternary fatty amines or fatty ammonium salts of the general formulas RNH2, RHNR ́, RNR ́R ́ ́ and (R) (R ́) (R ́ ́) (R ́ ́ ́) N + X–, for example N-alkylaminopropionic acid, N-alkyliminodipropionic acid, N-alkylbetaines, Sulfobetaines or sultaines, polyoxyethylene (POE) amines, quaternized POEamines, amine oxides, N-alkyltrialkylammonium chlorides, triethanolamine ester quats (TEAEQ), imidazolinium and dialkyldimethyl ammonium ester quats and others, h) as well as mixtures thereof i) where R ́ to R ́ ́ ́ represent organic or inorganic hydrophilic radicals and X– stands for an anion ii) where R represents the lipophilic part of the surfactant and consists of a linear, saturated or unsaturated, branched or unbranched alkyl radical with 8 to 24 carbon atoms and the proportion of alkyl chains of 18 and more carbon atoms is more than 60% by weight, preferably more than 70% by weight and particularly preferably between 80-100% by weight, based in each case on the total content of alkyl chains R of the surfactants contained in the agent.

In particular, the proportion of mono- and / or polyunsaturated alkyl chains R of the surfactants in the agent according to the invention is 50-100% by weight, preferably between 60-100% by weight and particularly preferably between 70-90% by weight , each based on the total content of alkyl chains R of the surfactants contained in the agent.

Furthermore, the agent can contain surfactants with an alkyl chain, so that the proportion of surfactants with short chain lengths <= C16 below 20 wt .-%, preferably below 15 wt .-%, each based on the total content of alkyl chains R der surfactants contained in the agent. In addition, the agent according to the invention contains surfactants with an alkyl chain of short chain length <= C 14 below 5% by weight, based in each case on the total content of alkyl chains R of the surfactants contained in the agent.

Plants of the temperate zones

The agent according to the invention contains 80-100% by weight, preferably more than 95% by weight, particularly preferably more than 99% by weight surfactants, extremely preferably 100% by weight surfactants based on vegetable oils and waxes , fats or resins of the temperate zones. % By weight active content based on the total content of surfactants. In the context of the present invention - unless otherwise stated - based on vegetable oils, waxes, fats or resins, representing derivatives of fatty acids, purified or as a mixture, and / or their reaction products, such as fatty alcohols and their ethers, amines or fatty acid amides, fatty acid esters, fatty acid imines, hydrogenation products, products of addition reactions on the double bonds.

For the purposes of this patent specification, these are oils, fats, waxes or resins from the following preferred plant families, as well as mixtures thereof: birch plants, umbelliferous plants, foxtail plants, honeysuckle plants, pomegranate plants, buttercups, hemp plants, heather plants, St. John's wort plants, legumes Daisy Family Brassicaceae, Flax Family, Lamiaceae, lauraceae, Malvaceae, poppy Family, Onagraceae, solanaceous plants, Oleaceae, elaeagnaceae, Boraginaceae, rose plants, Sedge, sapotaceae, pedaliaceae, proteaceae, Simmondsiaceae, gooseberry plants, Sumac, grasses, Tea Family, walnut plants, grapevine plants and Woifsmilchgewächse .

Exemplary representatives here are amaranth, anise, apple, apricot, arnica, avocado, cotton, borage, broccoli, hemp, hazelnut, beech, boxwood, thistle, spelled, peanut, tiger nut, lilac, garden cress, barley, pomegranate, oats , Blueberry, elder, jasmine, jatropha, currant, St. John's wort, jojoba, camellia, chamomile, caraway, carrot, coriander, mullein, krambe, cruciferous milkweed, pumpkin, Iberian dragon's head, lavender, camelina, flaxseed, privet, lupine, alfalfa , Almond, mirabelle plum, mango, poppy seed, evening primrose, olive, oil radish, oil rocket, pecan, peach, plum, pistachio, cranberry, rapeseed, rice, marigold, turnip rape, safflower, sage, sea buckthorn, black cumin, sesame, sesame leaf, mustard, sunflower , Soy, tobacco, walnut, grape, wheat, meadowfoam, wild rose and wonder tree, as well as mixtures thereof.

The oil is preferably selected from the group: broccoli, hemp, hazelnut, beech, thistle, spelled, tiger almond, barley, cherry, mullein, krambe, cruciferous milkweed, pumpkin, Iberian dragon's head, camelina, linseed, lupine, alfalfa, Corn, poppy seeds, evening primrose, olive, oil radish, oil rocket, rape, rice, marigold, turnip rape, safflower, sea buckthorn, black cumin, sage, sesame, sesame leaf, mustard, sunflower, soy, tobacco, walnut, grape and wheat, as well as mixtures thereof.

The oil is very particularly preferably selected from the group of thistle, tiger nut, Krambe, Iberian scorpionfish, camelina, flaxseed, lupine, alfalfa, olive, oil radish, oil rocket, rapeseed, turnip rape, sesame leaf, sunflower, soy, grape and wheat, as well as mixtures thereof.

The agent according to the invention is based on one or more surfactants, which in turn are based on one or a combination of several different vegetable oils, waxes, fats or resins e of the temperate zone.

For the purposes of this patent specification, the agent according to the invention preferably contains one or more classes of surfactants which are based on a mixture of alkyl chains of different chain length and degree of saturation, which correspond to the occurrence in natural oil. Since native fatty acid or fatty acid ester mixtures are preferably used for the synthesis of the different classes of surfactants - such as those obtained during saponification or alcoholysis of naturally occurring vegetable oils, waxes, fats or resins - these surfactants can be produced cost-effectively, resource-efficiently and environmentally friendly. Some of the glycerine produced can remain in the product mixture, so that complex cleaning processes can also be dispensed with.

In addition to the ecological and economic advantages through the use of natural fatty acid mixtures, the surfactant mixtures used showed clear technical advantages, such as improved stability of the inventive agents and increased cleaning performance.

Description of the surfactant classes

Suitable surfactants for the inventive agent are surfactants from the classes of anionic, nonionic, cationic, zwitterionic and / or amphoteric surfactants, the lipophilic part of the surfactants preferably based on vegetable oils, waxes, fats or resins temperate zones, in particular based on natural fatty acid mixtures, such as those found in vegetable oils, waxes, fats or resins. From an application point of view, preference is given to anionic, nonionic, and zwitterionic and / or amphoteric surfactants, and combinations thereof.

The inventive agent preferably contains one or more surfactants, which are prepared in a one-step process from the native fatty acid mixture or fatty acid ester obtained by hydrolysis or alcoholysis of the vegetable oil, wax, fat or resin. By using representatives of these surfactant classes such as soaps, fatty acid esters, fatty acid amides, or imines, complex multi-stage processes are avoided as far as possible in order - in addition to the sustainable raw material concept - to save further energy and waste, such as through side reactions or through solvent-intensive cleaning processes, to avoid.

In this case, part of the glycerine produced can remain in the product mixture, so that complex cleaning processes can also be dispensed with. The proportion of glycerol in the surfactant mixture is a maximum of 15% by weight, preferably below 13% by weight and very particularly preferably below 11% by weight, based on the total content of surfactants.

Suitable surfactants, which are obtained by a one-step process, are, for example, anionic surfactants such as soaps from alkali or ammonium salt (s) of fatty acids (soaps), N-acylamino acid derivatives, such as N-acylaspartate, N-acylglycinate , N-acylalaninate, N-acyl sarcosinate or N-acyl glutamate, acylated polypeptides, N-acylaminosulphonic acids such as N-acyl tauride, acyl isethionate, acyl lactylate, sulphonated fatty acids, sulphonated fatty acid esters, such as sulphonated fatty acid esters, carboxylic acid esters and mixtures thereof. The anionic surfactants can be in the form of their alkali, alkaline earth or ammonium salts, and as soluble salts of organic bases, such as mono-, di-, tri- or tetraalkylammonium, and in the form of their corresponding acid. Anionic surfactants are preferably used whose hydrophilic part is of vegetable origin, particularly preferably derived from plants of the temperate zone, such as N-acylamino acid derivatives, acylated polypeptides.

Examples of suitable nonionic surfactants, based on the native fatty acid mixture or fatty acid ester, are carboxylic acid polyglycol esters, polyhydroxy fatty acid amides, polyhydroxy fatty acid esters, and glyceryl and polyglyceryl esters with 1-20 glyceryl units, carboxylic acid esters, sorbitan esters, alkylpyrrolidones, alkylpyrrolidones. Preference is given to using nonionic surfactants whose hydrophilic part is of natural, vegetable origin, such as, for example, polyhydroxy fatty acid esters, glyceryl and polyglyceryl esters, carboxylic acid esters or sorbitan esters.

Examples of suitable amphoteric surfactants based on the native fatty acid mixture or fatty acid ester are imidazole carboxylates, amphoacetates, amphodiacetates, amidoamines, amidobetaines, sulfobetaines and sultaines.

The agent according to the invention can furthermore contain surfactants based on vegetable oils, waxes, fats or resins of the temperate zones, which require several reaction steps. These can, for example, be surfactants based on a fatty alcohol or an alkylamine. Although these are more expensive to produce in terms of energy and process technology, they are essential for certain applications, such as in extreme pH ranges, for technical reasons. Examples of suitable anionic surfactants are alkyl phosphates, sulfosuccinates, sulfosuccinic acid mono- and dialkyl esters, phosphoric and polyphosphoric acid esters, alkyl sulfoacetates, alkyl isethionates and fatty alcohol carboxylates.

Examples of suitable nonionic surfactants are alcohol polyglycol ethers, amine oxides, glycolipids, such as, for example, alkyl polyglycosides with 1-10 glycoside units, N-alkylpyrrolidones. Examples of suitable amphoteric surfactants are N-alkylaminopropionic acids, alkyliminodipropionic acids, imidazole carboxylates, amphoacetates, N-alkylbetaines. Suitable cationic surfactants are, for example, primary, secondary, tertiary or quaternary alkylammonium salts of the formula (RI) (RII) (RIII) (RIV) N + X-, in which Rl to RVI represent four identical or different alkyl radicals which are branched and unbranched, can be saturated or unsaturated, unsubstituted, mono- or polysubstituted, and X- stand for an anion. It is preferred to use surfactants whose hydrophilic part is of natural, vegetable origin, such as, for example, glycolipids.

In a preferred embodiment of the agents according to the invention, surfactant classes typically used, such as fatty alcohol or alkyl sulfates, fatty alcohol ether sulfates or alkyl ether sulfates, and sulfonates, are excluded from use. Examples of such compounds are alkylbenzenesulfonates, alkane / alkene sulfonates, alkyl sulfates or fatty alcohol sulfates, alkyl polyglycol ether sulfates with 2 to 6 ethylene oxide units (EO) in the ether part, and α-olefin sulfonates.

In a further preferred embodiment of the agents according to the invention, surfactants based on alkylene oxides, such as, for example, ethylene oxide or propylene oxide, are also excluded from use. Examples of such compounds are alkyl polyglycol ether carboxylates, alkyl polyglycol ether sulfates, alcohol polyglycol ethers, carboxylic acid polyglycol ethers i.e. ethoxylated and / or propoxylated alcohols or carboxylic acids with 1-40 ethylene oxide (EO), alkoxylated sorbitan esters.

The content of further surfactants in the agent according to the invention is a maximum of 20% by weight, preferably less than 5% by weight, particularly preferably between 0 and 1% by weight, the petroleum-free and palm-oil-free one being extremely preferred Embodiment, ie with a content of other surfactants at 0 wt .-%, each based on the total content of surfactants.

Additives & properties

solvent

The agent according to the invention can contain all solvents customary in detergents and cleaning agents. Exemplary solvents are the following compounds named according to INCI: Alcohol (ethanol), butoxyethanol, butoxyisopropanol, butoxypropanol, n-butyl alcohol, t-butyl alcohol, butyloctanol, dimethyl ether, ethoxyethanol, ethyl hexanediol, hexanediol, 1,2,6-hexanetriol , Hexyl Alcohol, Isobutoxypropanol, Isopentyldiol, Isopropyl Alcohol (iso-propanol), 3-Methoxybutanol, Methoxyethanol, Methoxyisopropanol, Methoxymethylbutanol, Methyl Alcohol, Methyl Hexyl Ether, Methylpropanediol, Propanediol, Propyl Alcohol (n-Propanol, Trimhexyl Alcohol, Tetrahydrofurfuryl) According to the invention, these solvents can be freely combined with other ingredients in a manner well known to the person skilled in the art. In a preferred embodiment, solvents from the group of solvents obtained from vegetable raw materials of the temperate zones are used, such as, for example, ethanol from sugar beets.

pH adjusting agent

The pH of the agent according to the invention can be adjusted using conventional pH regulators, with different pH ranges from acidic (pH 1-4) to neutral (pH 5-7) to basic (pH 8) depending on the application –11) can be set. Acids and / or alkalis are used as pH adjusting agents. Suitable acids are, in particular, organic acids such as formic acid, acetic acid, citric acid, glycolic acid, lactic acid, succinic acid, adipic acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, salicylic acid and gluconic acid. Acids obtained from vegetable raw materials, such as acetic acid, citric acid, lactic acid, malic acid and mixtures thereof, are particularly preferred. Preferred bases come from the group of alkali and alkaline earth metal hydroxides and carbonates. In addition, the agent can contain ammonia and alkanolamines.

Microbial control

[0044] Microbial contamination is common in aqueous surfactant solutions. Bacteria and fungi, e.g. Yeasts are entered in production and decanting processes as well as when the containers are opened. In addition to possible health risks when using microbially contaminated agents, they also tend to instabilities, which can manifest themselves in changes in viscosity, discoloration, precipitation and precipitation as well as changes in odor. For this reason, preservatives are usually added to formulations to avoid microbial contamination.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the detergent and cleaning agent is preservative-free.

It has surprisingly been possible to formulate sterile preservative-free agents in which the agent according to the invention contains a combination of the following ingredients with% by weight based on the total agent a) Ethanol, up to 10% by weight, preferably between 1-8% by weight, and particularly preferably between 3 and 6% by weight, b) a complexing agent up to 10% by weight, preferably 0.001 to 7% by weight, in particular 0.01 to 5% by weight, preferably selected from the group of diacetic acid, citric acid and their alkali or alkaline earth salts, gluconic acid and their alkali or alkaline earth salts, polyasparaginic acid, sodium carboxymethyl inulin (NaCMI), tetrasodium GLDA (L-glutamic acid, N, N-di (acetic acid), tetrasodium salt and particularly preferably NaCMI and tetrasodium GLDA. each active ingredient, based on the total agent.

Softeners and complexing agents, chelating agents, sequestering agents

According to the invention, all complexing agents customary in detergents and cleaning agents are suitable. These are able to bind metal ions and thus inactivate them in order to prevent their adverse effects on the stability or the appearance of the agents, for example cloudiness. On the one hand it is important to bind the calcium and magnesium ions from hard water, which are incompatible with numerous ingredients, on the other hand the complexation of heavy metals such as iron or copper delays the oxidative decomposition of the finished products and thus increases the stability of the products according to the invention. Furthermore, the complexing agents support the cleaning performance of the agents according to the invention. According to the invention, for example, softeners and complexing agents from the groups of phosphates and phosphonates, phyllosilicates, zeolites, carbonates and polycarboxylates, aminopolycarboxylic acids such as aminoacetic acids and polyaminoacetic acids and their salts, hydroxycarboxylic acids and their salts, polyglycosides and gluconic acids and their salts are suitable.

For example, the following complexing agents designated according to INCI are suitable: aminotrimethylene, phosphonic acid, beta-alanine diacetic acid, calcium disodium EDTA, citric acid, cyclodextrin, cyclohexanediamine tetraacetic acid, diammonium citrate, diammonium EDTA, diethylenetriamine pentamethylene phosphonic acid, Disodium Azacycloheptane Diphosphonate, Disodium EDTA, Disodium Pyrophosphate, EDTA, Ethylenediamine- N, N'-disuccinic acid (EDDS), Etidronic Acid, Galactaric Acid, Gluconic Acid, Glucuronic Acid, HEDTA, Hydroxasodiumethylene, potassium cyclodextrin, Methyl Cyclatehodium, Pentyclodextrin, Pentyclatehodium propylium, Pentyclapodextrin, Pentyclatehodium, Pentyclapodextrin, Ethylenediamine, Methyl Cyclateodextrin, Ethylenediamine- N, N ́-disuccinic acid Phosphonate, Phosphonobutane tricarboxylic acid (PBTC), Pentasodium Ethylenediamine Tetramethylene Phosphonate, Pentasodium Pentetate, Pentasodium Triphosphate, Pentetic Acid, (DTPA), Phytic Acid, Potassium Citrate, Potassium EDTMP, Potassium Gluconate, Potassium Polyphosphate, Potassium Gluconate, Potassium Polyphosphate, Ribodonic Potassium Trosphide around Chitosan Methylene Phosphonate, Sodium Citrate, Sodium Diethylenetriamine Pentamethylene Phosphonate, Sodium Dihydroxyethylglycinate, Sodium EDTMP, Sodium Gluceptate, Sodium Gluconate, Sodium Hexametaphosphate, Sodium Metaphosphate, Sodium Metasilicate, Sodium Phytate, TE-Glyphonate, Sodium, Sodium Phosphonate, Sodium Phytate, ED-phosphonate, Sodium, Sodium, Phosphophosphate, Sodium Phytate, Trimaphosphonate, Sodium, Phosphophosphate, Sodium Phytate. Tetrahydroxyethyl Ethylenediamine, Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine, Tetrapotassium Etidronate, Tetrasodium Iminodisuccinate (IDS), Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate, Tetrasodium EDTA, Tetrasodium Etidronate, Tetrasodium Pyrophosphate, Trodiumisodium HEDinate, Trodium Alanate, Trisodium HEDinTA, Trisodium DEDarTA, Trisodium NEDinTA, Trisodium Alanate. Particularly preferred in the inventive washing and cleaning agent are complexing agents based on renewable raw materials, such as beta-alanine diacetic acid, citric acid, cyclodextrin, diammonium citrate, galactaric acid, gluconic acid, glucoronic acid, methylcyclodextrin, hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin, polyasparaginic acid, Potassium Gluconate, Sodium Carboxymethyl inulin (NaCMI), Sodium Citrate, Sodium Dihydroxyethylglycinate, Sodium Gluconate, Sodium iminodisuccinate, Tetrasodium GLDA (L-Glutamic acid, N, N-di (acetic acid), tetrasodium salt). Those skilled in the art can freely combine these complexing agents with other ingredients mentioned here. The amount of complexing agent is usually up to 10% by weight, preferably 0.001 to 7% by weight, in particular 0.01 to 5% by weight. % By weight of active ingredient, based on the total agent.

Dyes and fragrances

Surprisingly, the agents have satisfactory aesthetics and a pleasant fragrance even without the addition of dyes or fragrances, in order to enable embodiments without dyes and / or fragrances, for example for consumers with allergies and / or sensitive skin.

Enzymes

The agent can also contain enzymes which improve the cleaning performance of the agents according to the invention even at lower temperatures, in particular in the embodiments of textile, specialty and tableware cleaning. Proteases, lipases, amylases, hydrolases and / or cellulases are preferably used. They can be added to the agent according to the invention in any form established according to the prior art. In the case of liquid or gel-form agents, this includes in particular solutions of the enzymes, preferably highly concentrated, low in water and / or mixed with stabilizers. Furthermore, the enzymes can be used in encapsulated form, for example by spray-drying or extrusion of the enzyme solution together with a, preferably natural, polymer or in the form of capsules. In solid formulations, additional active ingredients, for example stabilizers, emulsifiers, pigments, bleaches or dyes, can also be applied in superimposed layers. In order to protect an enzyme contained in an agent according to the invention from damage such as for example inactivation, denaturation or disintegration, for example due to physical influences, oxidation or proteolytic cleavage, enzyme stabilizers can be added to the enzyme-containing agent. Depending on the type of enzyme used, the following are suitable as enzyme stabilizers: benzamidine hydrochloride, borax, boric acids, boronic acids or their salts or esters, especially derivatives with aromatic groups, such as substituted phenylboronic acids or their salts or esters; Peptide aldehydes, amino alcohols such as mono-, di-, triethanol- and propanolamine and mixtures thereof, aliphatic carboxylic acids up to C12, such as succinic acid, other dicarboxylic acids or salts of the acids mentioned; lower aliphatic alcohols and especially polyols, for example glycerol or sorbitol; as well as reducing agents and antioxidants such as sodium sulfite and reducing sugars. Further suitable stabilizers are known from the prior art. Combinations of stabilizers based on renewable raw materials are preferably used, in particular on vegetable raw materials, including algae of the temperate zone and / or mineral substances, for example boric acid and / or borax, reducing sugars, succinic acid or other dicarboxylic acids, especially based on polyamino compounds of natural amino acids. Another preferred embodiment of the invention is an enzyme-free variant which is suitable, for example, for consumers with allergies and / or sensitive skin.

viscosity

The liquid or gel-like embodiment of the agent according to the invention preferably has a viscosity of 0.4 to 400 mPa s. on. For this purpose, the agent can contain viscosity regulators. The amount of viscosity regulator is usually up to 0.5% by weight, preferably 0.001 to 0.3% by weight, in particular 0.01 to 0.2% by weight, extremely preferably 0.05 to 0.15% by weight .-%, based on the total agent.

Suitable viscosity regulators are, for example, organic modified natural substances (carboxymethyl cellulose and other cellulose ethers, hydroxyethyl and propyl cellulose and the like, kernel meal ethers), and inorganic thickeners (polysilicic acids, sheet silicates, clay minerals such as montmorillonites, zeolites, silicas), and organic natural thickeners -Agar, carrageenan, xanthan, tragacanth, gum arabic, alginates, pectins, polyoses, guar flour, carob gum, starch, dextrins, gelatine, casein). Preferred viscosity regulators are natural organic thickeners made from vegetable raw materials - including algae - for example polysaccharides such as pectins or starch. Biotechnologically produced thickeners with the aid of non-genetically modified organisms (non-GMO), such as xanthan gum, are also preferred. Inorganic thickeners made from clay minerals are also preferred

foam

In general, the agents according to the invention show less foaming than conventional agents based on short-chain alkyl surfactants, which are typically C8-C16, with C12 being the most common alkyl chain length on the market. Less foaming is desirable for a large number of applications, such as, for example, machine cleaning in dishwashers or washing machines. A further advantage of the detergent and cleaning agent composition according to the invention is thus low foaming for certain applications. Furthermore, foaming agents can additionally be added to the agents according to the invention. This applies in particular to embodiments for which a stronger foam formation is desired than is usually achieved with long-chain surfactant mixtures. On the one hand, the foam formation is influenced by the choice of surfactants. For embodiments with the desired foam formation, combinations with highly foaming surfactants, for example amino acid derivatives of fatty acids, such as glycinates, alanates, taurates, or sarcosinates, are preferably used. Amphoteric surfactants such as betaines, imidazole carboxylates or alkenylaminopropionic acids are also suitable for good foam formation. Another preferred embodiment of the agent according to the invention contains saponins as foaming agents and detergency boosters. Saponins are natural glycosides that are widely used as plant ingredients. They are also known as auxiliary colloids, which have an emulsifying effect and thus facilitate the removal of, for example, fat particles from surfaces or textiles in the agent according to the invention. For example, saponins from the Indian soap nut (Sapindus mukorossi), Korean ginseng (Panax ginseng), agave plants, Inca cucumber (Cyclanthera pedata), liquorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) and soap bark (Quillaja saponaria Molina) are suitable. Saponins which are common in plants of the temperate zone are particularly preferably used in the agent according to the invention. These are saponins from the following preferred plants: ivy (Hedera), cowslip (Primula veris), chickweed (Stellaria media), forest sanickel (Sanicula europaea), thorny grouse (Ononis spinosa), legumes (Leguminosae), spinach ( Spinacia), asparagus (Asparagaceae), oats (Avena), (Ononis spinosa), shadow flowers (Maianthemum bifolium), soapwort (Saponaria officinalis), walnut (Aesculus hippocastanum), Acker-Gauchheil (Anagallis arvensis), yellow hollow tooth (Gale arvensis) , Carthusian carnation (Dianthus carthusianorum), field horsetail (Equisetum arvense). The amount of saponins is usually up to 5% by weight, preferably 0.001 to 3% by weight, in particular 0.01 to 2% by weight. % By weight of active substance based on the total agent. The saponins can be combined by the person skilled in the art in combination with other ingredients mentioned in this invention or with other usual ingredients.

Other ingredients

In addition to the components mentioned so far, the agent according to the invention can contain other common ingredients of detergents and cleaning agents, such as: • Fillers and auxiliaries such as adsorbents, bittering agents, bleaching agents, ironing aids, further bases, further acids, film formers, neutral filler salts, Lubricants, hydrotropes, other solvents and solubilizers, opacifiers, polymers, buffers, swelling agents, organic and inorganic salts, foam inhibitors, silicone oils, co-surfactants, viscosity regulators, waxes. • Process chemicals: e.g. Glycerine, which can be contained in the agent according to the invention as a by-product of the saponification reaction of natural vegetable oils, waxes, fats or resins. This is particularly the case in the preferred embodiment, the implementation of the resource-efficient and cost-efficient process of producing the native fatty acids in situ and allowing the fatty acid mixture to react further immediately to form the surfactant (one-step or one-batch process). • Functional agents and active substances such as abrasives, anti-redeposition agents, antistatic agents, bleach activators, disinfectants, color transfer inhibitors, other enzymes, fluorescent agents, skin protection and skin care agents, hydrophilizing agents, impregnating agents, anti-crease agents, corrosion inhibitors, optical brighteners, oxidizing agents, and perfuming agents Ingredients, anti-slip agents, UV absorbers, graying inhibitors, laundry sticks. • Stabilizers such as antioxidants and mixtures thereof.

Detergents and cleaning agents

This application relates to agents for cleaning hard surfaces and / or cleaning textiles or fibers, which mainly contain surfactants based on vegetable oils, waxes, fats or resins of the temperate zones and, in further embodiments, sulfate or sulfate ethers -free, and / or alkoxylate / PEG-free.

Hard surfaces in the context of this application are windows, mirrors, and other glass surfaces, surfaces made of ceramic, plastic, metal or wood - painted or unpainted - which can be found in households, industry and commerce. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the agents are used in the household for cleaning hard surfaces and / or textiles, as well as in the commercial or institutional sector, such as, for example, in hotels, cleaning companies, clinics or public buildings.

The inventive agents are suitable for cleaning and washing preparations such as hand soaps, hand dishwashing detergents, machine dishwashing detergents, toilet cleaners or toilet cleaners, universal or all-purpose cleaners, kitchen cleaners, bathroom or sanitary cleaners, floor cleaners, oven or . Grill cleaners, glass and window cleaners, metal cleaning agents, upholstery and carpet cleaners, heavy-duty detergents, color detergents, mild detergents, fabric softeners, textile auxiliaries, pretreatment agents, special detergents and cleaning agents, as well as other agents for industrial & commercial or institutional cleaning, agents for textiles - and fiber treatment, means of leather treatment, as well as other forms of preparation.

The cleaning agent is suitable here both for dilute use and for direct application to the substrate to be cleaned.

For application, the cleaning agent can be used as an aqueous solution, spray or foam, liquid or solid, and as a powder, granules or tabs.

The soaps used for the invention, such as, for example, olive fatty acids, triethanolamine salt, were prepared from fatty acids, their mixtures or vegetable oils, waxes, fats or resins by customary processes known from the literature. Disodium mono-oleamide sulfosuccinate from Rhodia; Soyamidopropyl betaine from Lubrizol; Olivamido propylbetaine from Soliance; Glutaminic acid, N, N-diacetic acid, tetra sodium salt from Akzo. Oleamidpropyl hydroxysultaine is produced using processes known from the literature.

The detergent and cleaning agent can be used for sensitive skin, for consumers with allergies, for children's products and households with particularly vulnerable people such as children or people with mental or physical limitations.

Claims (10)

1. Mild enzyme-free detergents and cleaners characterized by containing one or more surfactants selected from the group comprising: a) fatty acids and their alkali or ammonium salts with the general formulas R (O) OH or R (O) OM with M = alkali metal cation or ammonium b) fatty acid esters having the general formula R (O) OR c) ethers of fatty alcohols having the general formula ROR d) fatty acid amides having the general formula R (O) NR e) fatty acid imines of the general formula R (NR) NR R, preferably amphoacetates f) Primary, secondary, tertiary or quaternary fatty amines or fatty ammonium salts of the general formulas RNH 2, RHNR, RNR R and (R) (R) (R) (R) N + X- g) and mixtures thereof in which i) R to R represent organic or inorganic radicals and at least one of the radicals R to R forms the hydrophilic part of the surfactant and X- represents an anion ii) wherein R represents the lipophilic portion of the surfactant consisting of a linear, saturated or unsaturated, branched or unbranched alkyl radical having 8 to 24 carbon atoms and is characterized in that the proportion of alkyl chains of 18 and more carbon atoms over 70 wt. % and preferably between 80-100% by weight, in each case based on the total content of alkyl chains R of the surfactants present in the middle; and that at the same time the proportion of mono- or polyunsaturated alkyl radicals R is between 50-100 wt .-%, preferably between 60-100 wt .-% and particularly preferably between 70-90 wt .-%, each based on the total content of alkyl chains R of the surfactants contained in the middle; and wherein the washing and cleaning agent contains one or more surfactants based on vegetable oils, waxes, fats or resins, wherein 80-100% by weight of the group comprises: Birch family, Umbelliferae, amaranthaceae, honeysuckle plants, pomegranate plants, Ranunculus plants, hemp plants, Ericaceae, legumes, hypericaceae, Pinaceae, Asteraceae, Brassicaceae, Flax Family, Lamiaceae, Lauraceae, Malvaceae, Poppy Family, Onagraceae, solanaceous plants, Oleaceae, elaeagnaceae, Boraginaceae, rose plants, Sedge, Sapote Family, Sesame Family, Silver Tree Family, Simmondsiaceae, Gooseberry Family, Sumac Family, Sweet Grass, Tea Tree Family, Walnut Family, Vine Family, Spurge Family and / or Mixtures thereof; % By weight here based on the total content of surfactants; and wherein at least one surfactant is included which is not a soap; and wherein the detergent and cleaning agent containing one or more surfactants has a distribution of alkyl chains of different chain length and degree of saturation which corresponds to the presence in the vegetable oil, wax, fat or resin of the temperate zone. 2. Washing and cleaning agent according to claim 1, wherein more than 95 wt .-% and preferably more than 99 wt .-% and particularly preferably 100 wt .-% of the surfactants contained in the washing and cleaning agent on vegetable oils, waxes, - based on the total content of surfactants. 3. Washing and cleaning agent according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the proportion of short alkyl chain lengths in the surfactants of R <= C16 below 20 wt .-%, preferably below 15 wt .-% and in particular <= C 14 below 5% by weight, in each case based on the total content of alkyl chains R of the surfactants present in the middle. 4. Washing and cleaning agent according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the surfactant or surfactants contained are based on vegetable oils, waxes, fats or resins of the temperate zone, selected from the group: Amaranth, Aniseed, Apple, Apricot, Arnica, Avocado, Cotton, Borage, Broccoli, Hemp, Hazelnut, Beech, Boxwood, Thistle, Spelled, Peanut, Tigernut, Lilac, Garden cress, Barley, Pomegranate, Oat, Blueberry, Elderberry, Jasmine, Jatropha, Currant, St. John's Wort, Jojoba, Camellia, Chamomile, Cumin, Carrot, Coriander, Mullein, Krambe, Cross-leaved Spurge, Pumpkin, Iberian Dragon's Head, Lavender, Camelina, Linseed, Privet, Lupine, Alfalfa, Corn, Almond, Mirabelle, Mango, Poppy Seed, Evening primrose, Olive oil, Oil radish, Okra, Pecan, Peach, Plum, Pistachios, Cranberry, Rape, Rice, Marigold, Turnip, Safflower, Sage, Sea-buckthorn, Black cumin, Sesame, Sesame leaf, Mustard, Sunflower, Soy, Tobacco, Walnut, Grape, wheat, meadowfoam, wild rose and their mixtures; Preferably, the surfactant is based on vegetable oils, waxes, fats or resins selected from the group: broccoli, hemp, hazelnut, beech, thistle, spelled, tigernut, barley, cherry, mullein, Krambe, cross-leaved spurge, pumpkin, Iberian Scorpionfish, camelina, linseed, lupine, alfalfa, corn, poppy, evening primrose, olive, oil radish, oil raven, rape, rice, marigold, turnip rape, safflower, sea buckthorn, black cumin, sage, sesame, sesame leaf, mustard, sunflower, soybean, tobacco, Walnut, grape and wheat, and mixtures thereof; most preferably the surfactant based on vegetable oils, waxes, fats or resins selected from the group: thistle, tigernut, Krambe, Iberian dragon's head, camelina, linseed, lupine, alfalfa, olive, oil radish, oil raven, rape, turnip rape , Sesame leaf, sunflower, soya, grape and wheat, and mixtures thereof. 5. Washing and cleaning agent according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the surfactant (s) contained are selected from the group comprising: alkyl phosphates, sulfosuccinates, monosulphonic and dialkyl phosphates, phosphoric and polyphosphoric esters, alkyl sulfoacetates, alkyl isethionates, fatty alcohol carboxylates, amine oxides, Glycolipids, N-alkylpyrrolidones, N-alkylaminopropionic acids, alkyliminodipropionic acids, N-alkylbetaines; Preferably, the composition contains one or more surfactants selected from the group comprising fatty acid soaps and / or unneutralized fatty acids, N-acylamino acid derivatives, acylated polypeptides, N-acylaminosulfonic acids, acyl isethionates, N-acyl lactylates, carboxylic acid polyglycol esters, polyhydroxy fatty acid amides, polyhydroxy fatty acid esters, glyceryl and polyglyceryl esters 1-20 glycerol units, carboxylic acid esters, sorbitan esters, alkanolamine-carboxylic acid condensates, amidoalkylpyrrolidones, imidazole carboxylates, amphoacetates, amphodiacetates, amidoamines, amidobetaines, sulfobetaines and sultaines and / or mixtures thereof. 6. Washing and cleaning agent according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it contains neither fatty alcohol ether sulfates nor fatty alcohol sulfates. 7. Washing and cleaning agent according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it contains neither ethoxylates, propoxylates or polyethylene glycols. 8. Washing and cleaning agent according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it contains no preservatives. 9. Washing and cleaning agent according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it contains no dyes or perfumes. 10. Washing and cleaning agent according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the washing and cleaning agent is selected from the group of hand soaps, hand dishwashing detergents, machine dishwashing detergents, the toilet cleaner or toilet cleaner, the universal or all-purpose cleaner, the kitchen cleaner, the Bath or sanitary cleaner, the floor cleaner, the oven or grill cleaner, the glass or window cleaner, the metal cleaner, the upholstery and carpet cleaner, the heavy duty detergent, the color detergent, the mild detergent, the textile auxiliaries, the pretreatment agent, the means for industrial & commercial or institutional cleaning, textile and fiber treatment agents, leather treatment agents, metalworking agents, special detergents and cleaners.