CH622934A5 - Process for the preparation of fish food which is stable in cold water - Google Patents
Process for the preparation of fish food which is stable in cold water Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CH622934A5 CH622934A5 CH955176A CH955176A CH622934A5 CH 622934 A5 CH622934 A5 CH 622934A5 CH 955176 A CH955176 A CH 955176A CH 955176 A CH955176 A CH 955176A CH 622934 A5 CH622934 A5 CH 622934A5
- Authority
- CH
- Switzerland
- Prior art keywords
- feed
- fish
- yeast
- protein
- tannins
- Prior art date
Links
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 title abstract 3
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229920001864 tannin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000001648 tannin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 235000018553 tannin Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 235000018102 proteins Nutrition 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000010443 alginic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000615 alginic acid Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002639 bone cement Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019733 Fish meal Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 108010073771 Soybean Proteins Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005018 casein Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N casein, tech. Chemical compound NCCCCC(C(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CC(C)C)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(C(C)O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(COP(O)(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(N)CC1=CC=CC=C1 BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000021240 caseins Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004467 fishmeal Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008098 formaldehyde solution Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940001941 soy protein Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019621 digestibility Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/80—Feeding devices
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Feeding And Watering For Cattle Raising And Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
In a process of this type, commercially available granulated fish food with protein-containing binders based on gelatin or yeast is treated with tanning agents in such a way that its stability in cold water is increased but the digestibility is essentially unaffected. Tannins or formaldehyde are used as tanning agents. The fish food is preferably used in feeding systems.
Description
**WARNUNG** Anfang DESC Feld konnte Ende CLMS uberlappen **.
PATENTANSPRÜCHE
1. Verfahren zur Herstellung von kaltwasserstabilem Fischfutter in Form eines Granulates mit eiweisshaltigen Bindemitteln, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die eiweisshaltigen Bindemittel mit Gerbstoffen behandelt werden.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass als Bindemittel Gelatine verwendet wird.
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass als Bindemittel Hautleim oder Knochenleim verwendet wird.
4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass als Bindemittel behandelte Hefe verwendet wird.
5. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass als Gerbstoffe Tannine verwendet werden.
6. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass als Gerbstoffe Formaldehyd verwendet wird.
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von kaltwasserstabilem Fischfutter in Form eines Granulates mit eiweisshaltigen Bindemitteln.
Nach der DE-PS 2423 753 ist ein Fischfutter bekannt, das Alginate als Bindemittel enthält, wodurch den Pellets eine verbesserte strukturelle Festigkeit verliehen wird. Die nichtgebundenen Granulate sind in einigen Minuten in Wasser zerfallen. Die mit Alginaten behandelten Futtermittel weisen eine bessere Stabilität in Wasser auf, zerfallen unter Bewegung dennoch relativ rasch.
Es wurde nun gefunden, dass das Futter von den Fischen vorzugsweise an einem bestimmten Ort geholt wird. Dabei wird das sich bewegende Futter aufgenommen, und der Fisch verlässt sofort wieder die Futterstelle, um nach einiger Zeit erneut sich bewegendes Futter zu holen.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist die verbesserte Stabilisierung von eiweisshaltigem Fischfutter, damit es in Kaltwasser besser zusammenhält.
Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe liegt gemäss Patentanspruch 1 darin, dass die eiweisshaltigen Bindemittel mit Gerbstoffen behandelt werden.
Als Bindemittel kommen Proteine beispielsweise in Form von Gelatine, Haut- oder Knochenleim sowie vorbehandelte Hefe in Frage. Diese Bindemittel werden vorzugsweise durch Zusatz von Formaldehydlösung und Tanninen, entweder durch Aufsprühen einer wässrigen Lösung oder durch Einkneten vor der Extrudierung und Trocknung, behandelt und auf diese Weise kaltwasserstabil gemacht.
Im folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels erläutert.
Handelsübliche Futtermittelmischungen für Fische enthalten meist Protein, z. B. in Form von Fischmehl, Casein- und Sojaeiweiss. Sie können aber auch als Protein beispielsweise Hefen und Bakterien enthalten. Damit das Granulat mit behandelter Hefe als eiweisshaltiges Bindemittel mit Gerbstoffen kaltwasserbeständig gemacht werden kann, muss diese Hefe einer Vorbehandlung unterworfen werden. Diese Vorbehandlung besteht in einem Verkneten der neutralen oder schwach alkalisch gemachten Hefe unter leichter Erwärmung, wobei die Hefe verkleistert. Nach dieser Behandlung wird die Hefe mit Säure neutralisiert, allein oder nach Zugabe anderer Futtermittelkomponenten granuliert und getrocknet.
Diese Verfahrensweise wird an einem Beispiel erläutert:
500 g Hefe werden 50 kg Fischfuttermittel in Form eines Pulvers beigemischt, mit wenig Wasser ausgeknetet, mit Natriumkarbonat auf pH 9 gebracht und bei 60-90 C während einer Stunde verknetet. Alsdann wird 0,35 g Gerbstoff in Form von Formaldehyd beigegeben. Nun wird mit HCI auf pH 5 eingestellt, die übrigen Futtermittelkomponenten, d. h. ein bekanntes Fischfuttermittel beigemischt, granuliert und bei 80-110 C getrocknet.
Das Fischfuttermittel in Form eines Granulates ist in Kaltwasser stabil, quillt etwas auf und wird von den Fischen gut aufgenommen.
** WARNING ** beginning of DESC field could overlap end of CLMS **.
PATENT CLAIMS
1. Process for the production of cold-water-stable fish feed in the form of granules with protein-containing binders, characterized in that the protein-containing binders are treated with tannins.
2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that gelatin is used as a binder.
3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that skin glue or bone glue is used as a binder.
4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that treated yeast is used as a binder.
5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that tannins are used as tannins.
6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that formaldehyde is used as tanning agents.
The invention relates to a method for producing cold water-stable fish feed in the form of granules with protein-containing binders.
According to DE-PS 2423 753, a fish feed is known which contains alginates as binders, which gives the pellets an improved structural strength. The unbound granules disintegrated in water in a few minutes. The feed treated with alginates has better stability in water, but disintegrates relatively quickly when moving.
It has now been found that the fish preferably fetch the feed at a specific location. The moving feed is picked up and the fish immediately leaves the feed point to get moving feed again after some time.
The object of the invention is the improved stabilization of protein-containing fish feed so that it sticks together better in cold water.
The solution to this problem is, according to claim 1, that the protein-containing binders are treated with tannins.
Proteins can be used as binders, for example in the form of gelatin, skin or bone glue, and pretreated yeast. These binders are preferably treated by adding formaldehyde solution and tannins, either by spraying on an aqueous solution or by kneading before extrusion and drying, and in this way made cold-water stable.
The invention is explained below using an exemplary embodiment.
Commercial feed mixtures for fish mostly contain protein, e.g. B. in the form of fish meal, casein and soy protein. However, they can also contain yeast and bacteria as a protein. In order to make the granulate with treated yeast as a protein-containing binder with tannins cold water resistant, this yeast must be subjected to a pretreatment. This pretreatment consists in kneading the neutral or weakly alkalized yeast with gentle heating, the yeast gelatinizing. After this treatment, the yeast is neutralized with acid, granulated alone or after adding other feed components and dried.
This procedure is explained using an example:
500 g of yeast are mixed with 50 kg of fish feed in the form of a powder, kneaded with a little water, brought to pH 9 with sodium carbonate and kneaded at 60-90 C for one hour. Then 0.35 g of tannin is added in the form of formaldehyde. Now adjust to pH 5 with HCI, the other feed components, i. H. a known fish feed mixed, granulated and dried at 80-110 C.
The fish feed in the form of granules is stable in cold water, swells a little and is well absorbed by the fish.
Claims (6)
Priority Applications (12)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH955176A CH622934A5 (en) | 1976-07-23 | 1976-07-23 | Process for the preparation of fish food which is stable in cold water |
| NO770911A NO147622C (en) | 1976-03-24 | 1977-03-15 | DEVICE FOR LINING OF FISH WITH WATER-STABLE FISHING. |
| DE19772711485 DE2711485A1 (en) | 1976-03-24 | 1977-03-16 | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR FEEDING FISH WITH WATER STABLE FISHFOOD |
| FR7708750A FR2361063A1 (en) | 1976-03-24 | 1977-03-18 | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR ENSURING FISH FEEDING BY MEANS OF STABLE FEEDS IN THE PRESENCE OF WATER |
| SE7703247A SE432044B (en) | 1976-03-24 | 1977-03-22 | PROCEDURE AND APPARATUS FOR FEEDING FISH WITH STABLE WATER |
| IT21501/77A IT1078019B (en) | 1976-03-24 | 1977-03-22 | DEVICE FOR FISHING FISH WITH A WATER STABLE FOOD |
| JP3275277A JPS52141394A (en) | 1976-03-24 | 1977-03-24 | Process and apparatus for feeding fish with baits difficult to collapse even after soaking in water |
| FR7735978A FR2361073A1 (en) | 1976-03-24 | 1977-11-23 | FISH FOOD |
| CH969979A CH623723A5 (en) | 1976-07-23 | 1979-10-30 | Installation for rearing fish with water-stable fish food |
| SE8100162A SE436680B (en) | 1976-04-29 | 1981-01-13 | Fish fodder substances in the form of pellets and the method for manufacturing these |
| US06/286,543 US4400399A (en) | 1976-03-24 | 1981-07-24 | Method and an arrangement for feeding fish with a fodder |
| NO813812A NO813812L (en) | 1976-04-29 | 1981-11-11 | PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR FEEDING FISH WITH WATER-STABLE FISHING FEED. |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH955176A CH622934A5 (en) | 1976-07-23 | 1976-07-23 | Process for the preparation of fish food which is stable in cold water |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CH622934A5 true CH622934A5 (en) | 1981-05-15 |
Family
ID=4353165
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH955176A CH622934A5 (en) | 1976-03-24 | 1976-07-23 | Process for the preparation of fish food which is stable in cold water |
| CH969979A CH623723A5 (en) | 1976-07-23 | 1979-10-30 | Installation for rearing fish with water-stable fish food |
Family Applications After (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH969979A CH623723A5 (en) | 1976-07-23 | 1979-10-30 | Installation for rearing fish with water-stable fish food |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CH (2) | CH622934A5 (en) |
-
1976
- 1976-07-23 CH CH955176A patent/CH622934A5/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1979
- 1979-10-30 CH CH969979A patent/CH623723A5/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CH623723A5 (en) | 1981-06-30 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PUE | Assignment |
Owner name: PEC, PROCESS ENGINEERING COMPANY |
|
| PL | Patent ceased | ||
| PL | Patent ceased |