CH396536A - Plastic welding socket and process for their manufacture - Google Patents
Plastic welding socket and process for their manufactureInfo
- Publication number
- CH396536A CH396536A CH1272262A CH1272262A CH396536A CH 396536 A CH396536 A CH 396536A CH 1272262 A CH1272262 A CH 1272262A CH 1272262 A CH1272262 A CH 1272262A CH 396536 A CH396536 A CH 396536A
- Authority
- CH
- Switzerland
- Prior art keywords
- sleeve
- welding
- socket
- heating wire
- embedded
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
- B29D23/00—Producing tubular articles
- B29D23/001—Pipes; Pipe joints
- B29D23/003—Pipe joints, e.g. straight joints
- B29D23/005—Pipe joints, e.g. straight joints provided with electrical wiring
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/34—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
- B29C65/3404—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the type of heated elements which remain in the joint
- B29C65/342—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the type of heated elements which remain in the joint comprising at least a single wire, e.g. in the form of a winding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/34—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
- B29C65/3404—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the type of heated elements which remain in the joint
- B29C65/342—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the type of heated elements which remain in the joint comprising at least a single wire, e.g. in the form of a winding
- B29C65/3432—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the type of heated elements which remain in the joint comprising at least a single wire, e.g. in the form of a winding comprising several wires, e.g. in the form of several independent windings
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/34—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
- B29C65/3468—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the means for supplying heat to said heated elements which remain in the join, e.g. special electrical connectors of windings
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/34—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
- B29C65/3472—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the composition of the heated elements which remain in the joint
- B29C65/3476—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the composition of the heated elements which remain in the joint being metallic
- B29C65/348—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the composition of the heated elements which remain in the joint being metallic with a polymer coating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
- B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
- B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
- B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
- B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
- B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
- B29C66/52—Joining tubular articles, bars or profiled elements
- B29C66/522—Joining tubular articles
- B29C66/5221—Joining tubular articles for forming coaxial connections, i.e. the tubular articles to be joined forming a zero angle relative to each other
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
- B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
- B29C66/52—Joining tubular articles, bars or profiled elements
- B29C66/522—Joining tubular articles
- B29C66/5224—Joining tubular articles for forming fork-shaped connections, e.g. for making Y-shaped pieces
- B29C66/52241—Joining tubular articles for forming fork-shaped connections, e.g. for making Y-shaped pieces with two right angles, e.g. for making T-shaped pieces
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
- B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
- B29C66/52—Joining tubular articles, bars or profiled elements
- B29C66/522—Joining tubular articles
- B29C66/5229—Joining tubular articles involving the use of a socket
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
- B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
- B29C66/52—Joining tubular articles, bars or profiled elements
- B29C66/522—Joining tubular articles
- B29C66/5229—Joining tubular articles involving the use of a socket
- B29C66/52291—Joining tubular articles involving the use of a socket said socket comprising a stop
- B29C66/52292—Joining tubular articles involving the use of a socket said socket comprising a stop said stop being internal
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
- B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
- B29C66/52—Joining tubular articles, bars or profiled elements
- B29C66/522—Joining tubular articles
- B29C66/5229—Joining tubular articles involving the use of a socket
- B29C66/52296—Joining tubular articles involving the use of a socket said socket comprising sealing elements, e.g. gaskets
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
- B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
- B29C66/52—Joining tubular articles, bars or profiled elements
- B29C66/522—Joining tubular articles
- B29C66/5229—Joining tubular articles involving the use of a socket
- B29C66/52298—Joining tubular articles involving the use of a socket said socket being composed by several elements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L47/00—Connecting arrangements or other fittings specially adapted to be made of plastics or to be used with pipes made of plastics
- F16L47/02—Welded joints; Adhesive joints
- F16L47/03—Welded joints with an electrical resistance incorporated in the joint
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Branch Pipes, Bends, And The Like (AREA)
Description
Kunststoff-Schweissmuffe und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Kunststoff-Schweissmuffe zum Verbinden von Rohrleitungselementen aus thermoplastischem Kunststoff unter Verwendung von Heizdraht windungen, welche in die Schweissmuffe eingebettet sind, beim Schweissprozess an eine elektrische Stromquelle angeschlossen werden und nach dem Schweissvorgang im Innern der Verbindungsstelle verbleiben.
Ferner betrifft die Erfindung eine Schweissmuffe, welche nach dem erwähnten Verfahren hergestellt ist.
Bei der Verschweissung derartiger Muffen wurde bisher die Schweissspannung in der Regel, zwecks Vermeidung umfangreicher elektrischer Sicherheitsmassnahmen, auf höchstens 50 V beschränkt. Nach- teilig ist dabei die Notwendigkeit eines verhältnismässig schweren Transformators, welchem die Aufgabe zufällt, die übliche Netzspannung herunterzutransformieren. Schwere Schweissgeräte bilden nämlich ein ernsthaftes Hindernis für die allgemeine Anwendung dieses Schweissverfahrens auf Bauplätzen usw. Durch Weglassen des Transformators kann das Gewicht der Heizstrom-Regelgeräte wesentlich reduziert werden. Die direkte Entnahme des elektrischen Stromes für den Schweissprozess aus dem Leitungsnetz führt aber zu erhöhten Schweissspannungen.
Diese bergen Unfallrisiken in sich und beeinträchtigen die Funktionssicherheit von Schweissmuffen üblicher Bauart, indem die Gefahr von Kurzschlüssen zwischen benachbarten Drahtwindungen wächst. Geringfügige Verschiebungen der nackten Drahtwindungen während der Muffenherstellung, beispielsweise im Verlauf des Spritzvorganges oder während des Schweissprozesses, können bei der zur Anwendung gelangenden erhöhten Spannung zu Kurzschlüssen führen. Speziell gross ist diese Gefahr bei der üblichen bifilaren Wicklungsart, bei der die ganze Spannungsdifferenz zwischen zwei benachbarten Leitern auftritt.
Die erwähnte Unfallgefahr ist darauf zurückzuführen, dass bei Handhabung der Schweissmuffe ohne eingesteckte Rohrleitungselemente der unter Spannung gesetzte nackte Widerstands draht direkt berührt werden könnte, was bei Kleinspannungen ungefährlich ist, bei der zur Anwendung kommenden erhöhten Netzspannung aber ernsthafte Folgen haben kann.
Es sind zwar bereits Schweissmuffen bekannt, bei denen die Widerstands drähte vollständig im Muffenmaterial eingebettet sind. Die Herstellung dieser Muffen ist jedoch schwierig, da sich die aus nacktem Draht bestehenden Wicklungen beim Spritzprozess leicht verschieben können, was später beim Schwei ssen zu ungleichmässigen thermischen Flächenbelastungen oder gar zu Kurzschlüssen führt.
Das erfindungsgemässe Verfahren ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein zuvor mit dem Muffenmaterial oder artsverwandtem Kunststoff umhüllter Heizdraht um einen Dorn oder eine Hülse zu einer Wicklung gewunden und, eingelegt in ein Spritzwerkzeug, beim Spritzen des Muffenkörpers in diesen eingebettet und festgehalten wird. Die nach diesem Verfahren hergestellte Schweissmuffe ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der ummantelte Heizdraht monofil gewickelt ist und seine Anschlüsse je in der Nähe eines Muffenendes an die Mantelfläche herausgeführt sind.
Durch diese Massnahme gelingt es, eine Schweissmuffe zu schaffen, die sich rationell herstellen lässt und direkt mit Netzstrom verschweisst werden kann, wobei ausserdem ein elektrischer Berührungsschutz bezüglich des Widerstanddrahtes besteht.
In der Zeichnung sind Ausführungsbeispiele des Erfindungsgegenstandes dargestellt, Es zeigen:
Fig. 1 die Vorderansicht einer Schweissmuffe,
Fig. 2 einen Schnitt durch eine Muffenpartie mit Steckbuchse,
Fig. 3 eine Muffenhälfte im Schnitt,
Fig. 4 einen Schnitt durch eine Muffe mit eingesteckten Rohren,
Fig. 5 einen Schnitt durch eine Muffe, zusammen mit einem T-förmigen Rohrbau-Formstück.
Die Muffe 1 ist als zylindrischer Kunststoffteil ausgebildet und weist in ihrem Innern einen Widerstandsdraht 3 auf. Als Muffenmaterial eignen sich vor allem Polyäthylen, Polypropylen, Polystyrol und Polyamid. Der Widerstandsdraht 3 ist an seinen Enden mit je einer Steckbuchse 4 verbunden, die nahe der beiden Stirnseiten in die Muffe eingelegt sind. Die Axen dieser Steckbuchsen 4 verlaufen rechtwinklig zur Muffenaxe. Anstelle einer durchgehenden Wicklung könnten auch zwei zur Mitte symmetrisch liegende, miteinander verbundene Windungszonen vorgesehen werden. Im Bereiche der Steckbuchsen 4 befindet sich eine warzenförmige Erhebung 2, deren Zweck später noch erläutert wird. Der Widerstandsdraht 3 ist mit einer Ummantelung 3' versehen, so dass jede Windung von der benachbarten durch dazwischenliegendes Material getrennt ist.
Der Widerstandsdraht ist mit diesem Mantel versehen, bevor er auf einem Dorn oder einer Hülse zu einer Wicklung gewunden und dann in das Innere eines Spritzwerkzeuges eingelegt wird.
Für die Ummantelung dient der gleiche Kunststoff wie für die Muffe oder aber ein artsverwandter Kunststoff, der sich mit dem Muffenmaterial leicht verbindet. Die Bindung zwischen der Ummantelung und dem Muffenmaterial gibt dem Draht einen guten Halt gegen seitliches Verschieben und vermindert damit das Risiko von Kurzschlüssen zwischen benachbarten Drahtwindungen während des Schweissprozesses. Der Mantel des Heizdrahtes begrenzt den Muffenbohrungsdurchmesser und liegt direkt gegen das zu verschweissende Rohrende an, ohne dass zwischen dem Rohr und dem Mantel der Heizwicklung sich noch eine Zwischenschicht aus Muffenmaterial befindet. Der Querschnitt der Drahtummantelung 3' wird vorzugsweise rund gewählt.
Der Draht ist so gewickelt, dass sich die einzelnen Ummantelungen berühren. Durch Veränderung der Manteldicke kann die Windungsdichte beeinflusst werden.
Die Verbindung des Drahtes 3 mit den Steckbuchsen 4 erfolgt in der Weise, dass das Drahtende abisoliert, in eine Rille 10 von konischer Querschnittform eingelegt und darin festgeklemmt wird.
Infolge des Schrumpfprozesses des nach dem Spritzvorgang erkaltenden Kunststoffes wird dieses Drahtende noch tiefer in die Rille 10 hineingepresst und gleichzeitig die Steckbuchse 4 in ihrer Lage festgehalten. Die warzenförmige Erhebung 2 wirkt mit einem Stift 11 eines Anschlusssteckers 6 so zusammen, dass die Kontaktstifte des Steckers erst dann elektrisch mit dem Heizstromkabel verbunden werden, wenn diese ganz in die Anschlussbuchsen 4 der Muffe 1 eingesteckt sind. Die Drahtummantelung 3' vervollständigt durch Verhinderung einer direkten Drahtberührung die elektrische Sicherheit der Schweissmuffe.
Durch die wulstartige Materialanhäufung 1' kann die Wanddicke der Muffe unabhängig von der Steckbuchsenhöhe gewählt werden. Ausserdem eignet sich diese Erhebung als Kraftansatz beim Richten (Verdrehen) der Muffe vor dem Verschweissen.
In Fig. 4 sind zwei Rohre 8 mit Hilfe der Muffe 1 verbunden. Ein zwischen den Stirnseiten der Rohre eingelegter federnder Ring 7 greift in eine Nut der Muffenbohrung ein und wirkt als Anschlag. Dadurch wird verhütet, dass die Muffe vor dem Schweissprozess mehr als vorgesehen über eines der Rohrenden geschoben werden kann. Bei Verwendung der Muffe als Schiebemuffe kann der Ring 7 entfernt werden.
In Fig. 5 ist ein T-Rohrstück 9 dargestellt, an dessen Enden Rohre 8 mit Hilfe von Schweissmuffen 1 angeschlossen sind. Da der Innendurchmesser der Schweissmuffe 1 dem Aussendurchmesser der Rohre 8 entspricht, kann die Muffe, beispielsweise zwecks Erleichterung der Leitungsmontage, vorübergehend vollständig über das Rohr geschoben werden. Das T-Stück hingegen ist an den Anschlusspartien je mit einer Schulter 9' versehen, deren Lage so gewählt ist, dass der Abstand bis zur Stirnfläche einer halben Muffenlänge entspricht. Auf diese Weise kann die Muffe vor der Verschweissung nur bis an diese Schulter geschoben werden, was das richtige Placieren der Muffe erheblich erleichtert.
Plastic welding socket and process for their manufacture
The invention relates to a method for producing a plastic welding socket for connecting pipeline elements made of thermoplastic material using heating wire windings which are embedded in the welding socket, are connected to an electrical power source during the welding process and remain inside the connection point after the welding process.
The invention also relates to a welding socket which is produced by the method mentioned.
When welding such sleeves, the welding voltage was usually limited to a maximum of 50 V in order to avoid extensive electrical safety measures. The disadvantage here is the need for a relatively heavy transformer, which has the task of stepping down the usual line voltage. Heavy welding equipment is a serious obstacle to the general use of this welding process on building sites, etc. By omitting the transformer, the weight of the heating current regulators can be reduced significantly. The direct extraction of the electrical current for the welding process from the line network leads to increased welding voltages.
These harbor the risk of accidents and impair the functional reliability of welding sleeves of conventional design, as the risk of short circuits between adjacent wire windings increases. Slight shifts in the bare wire windings during the manufacture of the socket, for example during the injection molding process or during the welding process, can lead to short circuits when the increased voltage is used. This risk is particularly great with the usual bifilar winding type, in which the entire voltage difference occurs between two adjacent conductors.
The risk of accidents mentioned is due to the fact that when handling the welding socket without the pipeline elements inserted, the live resistance wire could be touched directly, which is harmless with extra-low voltages, but can have serious consequences with the increased mains voltage.
Welding sleeves are already known in which the resistance wires are completely embedded in the sleeve material. The manufacture of these sleeves is difficult, however, since the bare wire windings can easily shift during the injection molding process, which later leads to uneven thermal surface loads or even short circuits during welding.
The method according to the invention is characterized in that a heating wire previously covered with the sleeve material or art-related plastic is wound around a mandrel or a sleeve to form a winding and, placed in an injection mold, is embedded and held in the sleeve body during injection molding. The welding socket produced according to this method is characterized in that the sheathed heating wire is wound in a monofilament and its connections are each led out to the jacket surface in the vicinity of a socket end.
This measure makes it possible to create a welding sleeve that can be produced efficiently and welded directly with mains current, and there is also electrical contact protection with regard to the resistance wire.
In the drawing, exemplary embodiments of the subject matter of the invention are shown.
Fig. 1 is the front view of a welding socket,
2 shows a section through a socket section with a socket,
3 shows a sleeve half in section,
4 shows a section through a sleeve with inserted pipes,
5 shows a section through a sleeve, together with a T-shaped pipe construction fitting.
The sleeve 1 is designed as a cylindrical plastic part and has a resistance wire 3 in its interior. Polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene and polyamide are particularly suitable as sleeve material. The resistance wire 3 is connected at its ends to a socket 4 each, which are inserted into the sleeve near the two end faces. The axes of these sockets 4 run at right angles to the Muffenaxe. Instead of a continuous winding, it would also be possible to provide two interconnected winding zones that are symmetrical to the center. In the areas of the sockets 4 there is a wart-shaped elevation 2, the purpose of which will be explained later. The resistance wire 3 is provided with a sheathing 3 ', so that each turn is separated from the adjacent one by intervening material.
The resistance wire is provided with this jacket before it is wound into a winding on a mandrel or a sleeve and then inserted into the interior of an injection molding tool.
The same plastic is used for the sheathing as for the sleeve or a type-related plastic that easily connects to the sleeve material. The bond between the sheathing and the sleeve material gives the wire a good hold against lateral displacement and thus reduces the risk of short circuits between adjacent wire turns during the welding process. The sheath of the heating wire limits the sleeve bore diameter and lies directly against the pipe end to be welded without an intermediate layer of sleeve material between the pipe and the jacket of the heating coil. The cross section of the wire sheathing 3 'is preferably selected to be round.
The wire is wound so that the individual sheaths touch each other. The winding density can be influenced by changing the jacket thickness.
The connection of the wire 3 to the sockets 4 takes place in such a way that the wire end is stripped, inserted into a groove 10 with a conical cross-sectional shape and clamped therein.
As a result of the shrinking process of the plastic that cools after the injection molding process, this wire end is pressed even deeper into the groove 10 and at the same time the socket 4 is held in its position. The wart-shaped elevation 2 interacts with a pin 11 of a connector 6 in such a way that the contact pins of the connector are only electrically connected to the heating current cable when they are fully inserted into the connector sockets 4 of the sleeve 1. The wire sheathing 3 'completes the electrical safety of the welding socket by preventing direct wire contact.
Because of the bead-like accumulation of material 1 ', the wall thickness of the sleeve can be selected independently of the socket height. This elevation is also suitable as a force application when straightening (twisting) the sleeve before welding.
In FIG. 4, two pipes 8 are connected by means of the sleeve 1. A resilient ring 7 inserted between the end faces of the pipes engages in a groove in the socket bore and acts as a stop. This prevents the sleeve from being pushed more than intended over one of the pipe ends before the welding process. When using the sleeve as a sliding sleeve, the ring 7 can be removed.
In FIG. 5, a T-pipe section 9 is shown, at the ends of which pipes 8 are connected with the aid of welding sleeves 1. Since the inside diameter of the welding socket 1 corresponds to the outside diameter of the pipes 8, the socket can temporarily be pushed completely over the pipe, for example to facilitate the line assembly. The T-piece, on the other hand, is provided with a shoulder 9 'at each of the connection parts, the position of which is selected such that the distance to the end face corresponds to half a sleeve length. In this way, the sleeve can only be pushed up to this shoulder before welding, which makes it much easier to place the sleeve correctly.
Claims (1)
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH1272262A CH396536A (en) | 1962-10-30 | 1962-10-30 | Plastic welding socket and process for their manufacture |
DE19631554861 DE1554861B1 (en) | 1962-10-30 | 1963-10-15 | Process for the production of a welding fitting made of thermoplastic material with heating wire windings embedded therein |
AT837563A AT257146B (en) | 1962-10-30 | 1963-10-18 | Process for the production of a welding socket from thermoplastic material and a welding socket produced according to this |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH1272262A CH396536A (en) | 1962-10-30 | 1962-10-30 | Plastic welding socket and process for their manufacture |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CH396536A true CH396536A (en) | 1965-07-31 |
Family
ID=4385761
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CH1272262A CH396536A (en) | 1962-10-30 | 1962-10-30 | Plastic welding socket and process for their manufacture |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
AT (1) | AT257146B (en) |
CH (1) | CH396536A (en) |
DE (1) | DE1554861B1 (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2392796A1 (en) * | 1977-06-03 | 1978-12-29 | Sturm Werner | METHOD OF MANUFACTURING A WELDED SLEEVE IN ELECTRIC PLASTIC MATERIAL |
EP0036963B1 (en) * | 1980-03-31 | 1984-02-08 | Georg Fischer Aktiengesellschaft | Welding socket for thermoplastic materials, method and apparatus for its manufacture |
EP0183188A2 (en) * | 1984-11-29 | 1986-06-04 | Von Roll Ag | Electrically weldable connecting element for the connection of/with conduit parts |
DE3720577A1 (en) * | 1986-07-31 | 1988-02-04 | Meier Schenk Ag | Weld sleeve for producing a pipe connection, and use of said weld sleeve |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CH658426A5 (en) * | 1983-02-04 | 1986-11-14 | Fischer Ag Georg | METHOD FOR WELDING LINE ELEMENTS FROM THERMOPLASTIC MATERIAL AND A DEVICE SUITABLE FOR THIS. |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1071433B (en) * | 1959-12-17 | |||
DE863255C (en) * | 1951-01-22 | 1953-01-15 | Chem Fab Knoell K G | Method and device for welding the abutting edges of thermoplastic plastic films when they are used as floor coverings |
AT211042B (en) * | 1955-07-22 | 1960-09-10 | Sued West Chemie Gmbh | Connection element for welding thermoplastic, interlocking molded bodies |
DE1048106B (en) * | 1956-05-03 | 1958-12-31 | Sued West Chemie Gmbh | Fittings to be connected by welding, in particular fittings, made of thermoplastics |
DE1111814B (en) * | 1956-08-31 | 1961-07-27 | Sued West Chemie Gmbh | Process for the production of a welding fitting suitable as a connecting socket for plastic pipes |
NL236188A (en) * | 1958-02-17 | |||
DE1831776U (en) * | 1960-12-21 | 1961-05-25 | Schock & Co Gmbh | PLASTIC STRIP. |
-
1962
- 1962-10-30 CH CH1272262A patent/CH396536A/en unknown
-
1963
- 1963-10-15 DE DE19631554861 patent/DE1554861B1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1963-10-18 AT AT837563A patent/AT257146B/en active
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2392796A1 (en) * | 1977-06-03 | 1978-12-29 | Sturm Werner | METHOD OF MANUFACTURING A WELDED SLEEVE IN ELECTRIC PLASTIC MATERIAL |
US4224505A (en) * | 1977-06-03 | 1980-09-23 | Von Roll Ag | Electrically welding plastic sleeve |
EP0036963B1 (en) * | 1980-03-31 | 1984-02-08 | Georg Fischer Aktiengesellschaft | Welding socket for thermoplastic materials, method and apparatus for its manufacture |
EP0183188A2 (en) * | 1984-11-29 | 1986-06-04 | Von Roll Ag | Electrically weldable connecting element for the connection of/with conduit parts |
EP0183188A3 (en) * | 1984-11-29 | 1987-09-09 | Von Roll Ag | Electrically weldable connecting element for the connection of/with conduit parts |
DE3720577A1 (en) * | 1986-07-31 | 1988-02-04 | Meier Schenk Ag | Weld sleeve for producing a pipe connection, and use of said weld sleeve |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE1554861B1 (en) | 1971-01-07 |
AT257146B (en) | 1967-09-25 |
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