CH340771A - Watch component and process for its manufacture - Google Patents
Watch component and process for its manufactureInfo
- Publication number
- CH340771A CH340771A CH340771DA CH340771A CH 340771 A CH340771 A CH 340771A CH 340771D A CH340771D A CH 340771DA CH 340771 A CH340771 A CH 340771A
- Authority
- CH
- Switzerland
- Prior art keywords
- coating
- suspension
- watch
- bath
- clock component
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M7/00—Solid or semi-solid compositions essentially based on lubricating components other than mineral lubricating oils or fatty oils and their use as lubricants; Use as lubricants of single solid or semi-solid substances
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
- F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
- F16C33/20—Sliding surface consisting mainly of plastics
- F16C33/201—Composition of the plastic
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- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
- G04B1/00—Driving mechanisms
- G04B1/10—Driving mechanisms with mainspring
- G04B1/14—Mainsprings; Bridles therefor
- G04B1/145—Composition and manufacture of the springs
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- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
- G04B13/00—Gearwork
- G04B13/02—Wheels; Pinions; Spindles; Pivots
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- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
- G04B15/00—Escapements
- G04B15/14—Component parts or constructional details, e.g. construction of the lever or the escape wheel
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- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
- G04B31/00—Bearings; Point suspensions or counter-point suspensions; Pivot bearings; Single parts therefor
- G04B31/08—Lubrication
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- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/04—Elements
- C10M2201/041—Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black
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- C10M2201/041—Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black
- C10M2201/042—Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black halogenated, i.e. graphite fluoride
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- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
- C10N2050/08—Solids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
- C10N2050/10—Semi-solids; greasy
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
Description
Uhrbestandteil und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung Bekanntlich werden bis heute gewisse Uhrbe standteile zur Reduktion der Reibung vor ihrem Einbau in das Gehäuse mit Fett oder Öl geschmiert. So werden besonders die Aufzugfedern für Uhren vor ihrem Einbau in das Federhaus gefettet oder geölt, um die Reibung der Windungen gegeneinander beim Aufziehen und Abwickeln herabzusetzen. Diese Art des Schmierens ist mit gewissen Nachteilen ver bunden, insofern als das Fett oder öl im Laufe der Zeit altert, das heisst verharzt, oxydiert, eintrocknet und verseift, wodurch die Reibung der Feder im Federhaus zunimmt und das abgegebene Kraft moment kleiner wird.
Es hat dies zur Folge, dass die Feder nach einer gewissen Betriebszeit der Uhr gereinigt und neu geschmiert werden muss. Ferner lässt sich nicht immer vermeiden, dass das Schmier mittel zum Teil aus dem Federhaus austritt und sich mit Staub und Schmutz vermischt. Ausserdem be ansprucht die Schmiermittelschicht einen gewissen Raum im Federhaus, die dem. Feder-Volumen und daher auch der Energiespeicherung verlorengeht. Es ist weiterhin bekannt, dass sich eine nach der bisherigen Methode geschmierte Feder gegen Ende der Abwicklung infolge Klebens der Schmierschicht ruckweise entspannt, was sich auf den Gang der Uhr ungünstig auswirkt.
Als weiterer Nachteil ist der Einfluss von hohen und tiefen Temperaturen zu erwähnen, welche die Viskosität des Schmier mittels in unerwünschter Weise beeinflussen. Das Schmieren jeder einzelnen Aufzugfeder muss ferner von Hand ausgeführt werden, was verhältnismässig kostspielig ist. Trotz dieser Nachteile ist jedoch an dieser Art des Schmierens festgehalten worden, da die Verwendung von nicht mit Fett oder öl ge schmierten Uhrfedern infolge der zu hohen Reibung und der Ungleichmässigkeit unmöglich erschien. Um diese Nachteile zu vermeiden, ist bereits in der Patentschrift Nr. 337382 vorgeschlagen worden, Uhrbestandteile, z. B. Aufzugfedern von Uhren, wie auch andere Teile, wie z. B.
Hemmungs teile, Anker, Ankerräder, Zahnräder, Triebe, Achsen, Wellen, Lager und dergleichen, mit einem Kunst stoffbelag zu versehen, um die Nachteile der her kömmlichen Schmiermethoden zu vermeiden. Solche Kunststoffbeläge bestehen gemäss dem vorgenann ten Patent aus thermoplastischen und auch wärme- härtbaren und wärmegehärteten Harzen, wie z. B. Polysiloxan-Harzen (Silikonen), modifizierten Pheno- plasten, z. B. modifizierten Phenolaldehydharzen, Polyäthylen - Kunststoffen, Polyvinylchlorid - Kunst stoffen, Aminoplasten, wie z.
B. Melamin-Harzen, Furanharzen, Polyestern, Polyamiden, Polyurethanen, Äthoxylinharzen, Polystyrol, Polyvinylcarbazol, Polyvinylidenchlorid, Polychlorfluorcarbonen, Poly- vinylacetat, Polyvinylalkohol, Polyvinylformal, Poly- vinylacetal, Polyvinylbutyral, Polyacrylnitril, Poly- acrylester,
. Polymethacrylester, Aldehydharzen, Ketonharzen, Butadienpolymerisaten, Isoprenpoly- merisaten, Chloropren-Polymerisaten, organischen Polysulfiden, Celluloseestern, Celluloseäthern und ähnlichen Produkten, wie Polyfluorcarbonen (Be zeichnungen nach Saechtling-Zobrowski: Kunststoff- Taschenbuch, 11.
Ausgabe 1955, München, Seite 93), insbesondere Polytetrafluoräthylen, z. B. dem Mar kenprodukt Teflon , oder einem benzylierten Phenolharz, usw.
Es hat sich nun gezeigt, dass .man den aus den obigen Kunststoffen bestehenden überzug durch einen überzug ersetzen kann, welcher mindestens ein sog. Hochdruckschmiermittel enthält, wobei man in praktischer Hinsicht überraschend gute Resultate erzielt. Unter Hochdruckschmiermittel sollen in der vorliegenden Beschreibung als Trockenschmier- mittel wirkende, wasserunlösliche bzw. in Wasser schwer lösliche, anorganische Salze, wie z. B. Blei- jodid, Quecksilberjodid, Silberjodid, Silbersulfat und dergleichen, verstanden sein.
Die vorliegende Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen Uhrbestandteil, bei dem es sich um eine Feder, ins besondere eine Aufzugfeder, aber auch um einen Teil einer Hemmung (Anker, Ankerräder), um ein Zahnrad, einen Trieb, eine Achse, eine Welle, ein Lager oder einen andern Teil handeln kann. Der erfindungsgemässe Uhrbestandteil ist dadurch ge kennzeichnet, dass seine Oberfläche mindestens an den einer Gleit- oder Reibwirkung ausgesetzten Stellen einen festhaftenden, nicht klebrigen Belag, welcher mindestens ein als Trockenschmiermittel wirkendes Hochdruckschmiermittel enthält und eine Dicke von weniger als 1 ,u, vorzugsweise von weniger als 0,0005 mm Dicke besitzt, aufweist.
Ferner bezieht sich die vorliegende Erfindung auf ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines solchen selbstschmierenden Uhrbestandteils, welches dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass man mindestens die einer Gleit- oder Reibwirkung ausgesetzten Stellen des Uhrbestandteils mit einem haftfesten, nicht klebrigen Belag, welcher mindestens ein als Trockenschmier- schicht wirkendes Hochdruckschmiermittel enthält und eine Dicke von weniger als 1 Mikron, vorzugs weise von weniger als 0,0005 mm Dicke besitzt, ver sieht.
Uhrbestandteile mit einem solchen dünnen, mit der Oberfläche festhaftend verbundenen Belag, der mindestens an den der Reibung ausgesetzten Stel len aufgebracht ist, bedürfen keiner Schmierung mit Öl oder Fett, können also ohne Verwendung von Fett oder Öl in das Uhrgehäuse eingebaut werden und zeigen weder die Nachteile ungeschmierter Teile aus gleichem Material noch die Nachteile der ge schmierten Teile nach Alterung des Schmiermittels.
Der Überzug auf Uhrbestandteilen kann in sei ner Gesamtheit aus einem einzigen Hochdruck schmiermittel oder einer Mischung mehrerer Hoch druckschmiermittel bestehen. Er kann aber auch nur teilweise aus einem Hochdruckschmiermittel bestehen und im übrigen einen der vorgenannten Kunststoffe enthalten. Vor allem haben sich zu diesem Zwecke Polyvinylharze in Form von organischen Lösungen oder in Form von wässrigen Suspensionen, gegebe nenfalls unter Zusatz eines Weichmachers, als geeig net erwiesen.
Als Weichmacher kommen vor allem Trikresyl- phosphat, Dibutylphthalat, Dioctylphthalat und der gleichen in Betracht.
Als wässrige Suspensionen von Polyvinylverbin- dungen kommen Suspensionen von Polystyrol, Poly- acrylnitril, Polybutadien, Mono- und Dichlorbuta- dien und deren Gemischen und Mischpolymerisate in Frage.
Gemische von wässrigen Suspensionen von Polyvinylstyrol und Polybutadien sind in gewissen Fällen besonders empfehlenswert, da Polyvinylstyrol verhältnismässig stabil ist und Polybutadien eine elastische Komponente ergibt. Eine solche Kombi nation ist im allgemeinen einem Weichmacher zusatz vorzuziehen, da Weichmacher leicht migrieren, wodurch der weichmachende Effekt verloren geht.
Als Kunststoff eignet sich ferner insbesondere Polytetrafluoräthylen, welches sich durch besondere Stabilität auszeichnet.
Man kann den zur Herstellung der Überzüge verwendeten Hochdruckschmiermitteln Substanzen, die deren Schmier- bzw. Gleiteigenschaften verbes sern, insbesondere Graphit und Molybdändisulfid, beimischen. Der Anteil an solchen gleitend wirken den Stoffen in den Hochdruckschmiermitteln kanr z. B. 50 1/a betragen.
Ferner ist es zur Steigerung des Haftvermögens des das oder die Hochdruckschmiermittel enthal tenden Belages wünschenswert, wenn derselbe geringe Mengen an Celluloseäther (wie Methylcellulose) ent hält.
Die Art der Applikation der Überzugsschicht auf die Uhrbestandteile ist durch die besonderen Eigen schaften der im einzelnen verwendeten Stoffe be dingt.
Das Aufbringen auf die Oberfläche von der Reibung ausgesetzten Teilen kann z. B. folgender massen geschehen: Da die Hochdruckschmiermittel, einschliesslich der eventuell zugesetzten Kunststoffe der vorgenannten Art wasserunlöslich sind, stellt man zuerst eine möglichst feine wässrige Suspension her, und zwar derart, dass die Stoffe gleichmässig und fein im Wasser verteilt werden. Die in Pulver form vorliegende Substanz wird zu diesem Zweck mit einem Rührwerk in Wasser, dem man vorzugs weise geringe Mengen Methylcellulose zusetzt, ver teilt, wobei sich die gleichzeitige Anwendung von Ultraschall als vorteilhaft erwiesen hat. Auch eine Suspension durch Beschallung mit Ultraschall hat sich als brauchbar erwiesen.
Durch den Zusatz eines Benetzungsmittels, z. B. Natriumtetradecylsulfat, ist es möglich, sehr feine Suspensionen zu erhalten. Das Vermischen des Hochdruckschmiermittels mit Wasser sowie gewünschtenfalls mit Methylcellulose kann auch derart geschehen, dass man mechanisch vor suspendiert und mit Ultraschall nachsuspendiert. Man erhält auf diese Weise weitgehend stabile Sus pensionen, welche dann gegebenenfalls in jedem ge wünschten Verhältnis mit einer Kunststoffsuspension, z. B. mit einer Suspension eines Polyfluorcarbons in Wasser, vermischt werden können.
Der gewichtsmässige Anteil der obengenannten Stoffe in Wasser wird dabei vorzugsweise mehr als 0,1 % betragen.
Es besteht ferner die Möglichkeit, ausser wäss- rigen Suspensionen auch solche in organischen Flüs sigkeiten, z. B. Alkohol, Äther, Methylenchlorid usw. herzustellen. Die Applikation derartiger Suspen sionen auf die in Frage stehenden Uhrbestandteile kann in gleicher Weise geschehen, wie sie in der Patentschrift Nr. 337382 beschrieben ist. Nachdem die Uhrbestandteile in einer derartigen Suspension eingetaucht waren, wird die über schüssige Suspension entfernt und der erhaltene Be lag, zweckmässigerweise in leicht erwärmter Luft, ge trocknet und dann gesintert, zweckmässigerweise unter erhöhtem Druck.
Die Hochdruckschmier- mittelkonzentration der bei diesem Tauchverfahren verwendeten Suspensionen kann z. B. zwischen 0,02 und 2 Gew.o/o liegen. Man kann der Suspension Molybdändisulfid, z. B. in einer Menge von 0,1 bis 2 Gew.o/o, zusetzen, um das Schmiervermögen des Belages zu erhöhen.
Die gemäss der vorliegenden Erfindung auf Uhr bestandteilen erzeugten überzüge bzw. Beläge kön nen die Form von die Gesamtoberfläche der Bestand teile überziehenden, zusammenhängenden Filmen auf weisen. Man kann sich aber- auch darauf beschrän ken, nur die Arbeitsflächen, das heisst die Reib flächen, der Bestandteile mit Hochdruckschmiermittel enthaltenden Belägen zu versehen.
Die vorliegende Erfindung wird nun anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels erläutert.
Gereinigte Aufzufedern für Uhren werden in ein Bad aus einer etwa 0,5gewichtsprozentigen wässrigen Suspension von Bleijodid, die gewünschtenfalls 0,1 Gew.o/o Molybdändisulfid enthält, eingetaucht. Die die Federn enthaltende Badflüssigkeit wird mit Ultraschall beschallt. Man lässt die Aufzugfedern während 30 Minuten im Bad liegen. Nach Heraus nahme aus dem Bad und Entfernung überschüssiger Suspension werden die Federn unter leichtem Erwär men getrocknet.
Der eine Dicke von weniger als 0,0005 mm aufweisende Hochdruckschmiermittel film haftet ausserordentlich fest an der Metallober fläche der Aufzugfedern.
Ähnliche gute Ergebnisse werden erzielt durch Tauchen der Feder in einer etwa 0,5 o/a igen wässrigen Suspension von Bleijodid und Polytetrafluoräthylen und anschliessendes Trocknen in Luft, vorzugsweise unter leichter Erwärmung.
Infolge der geringen Dicke des Belages bean sprucht eine derart behandelte Feder im Federhaus weniger Raum als eine nach der üblichen Methode geschmierte Feder. Die mit dem erfindungsgemässen Belag versehene Aufzugfeder entspannt sich gleich mässig und stossfrei, da die Windungen auch nach längerem Gebrauch der Feder nicht aneinanderkle- ben. Ferner sind die Reibungsverhältnisse günstiger und das abgegebene Kraftmoment ist höher. Die Feder kann somit dünner und länger gemacht wer den, wodurch man einen weniger steilen Abfall des Drehmomentes bei der Abwicklung und eine grössere Gangreserve der Uhr erhält. Die Feder ist ferner dies im Gegensatz zu den bisher bekannten Federn für ihre gesamte Lebensdauer geschmiert, also war tungsfrei.
Das Schmieren der Feder mit Fett oder Öl beim Einbau erübrigt sich, wodurch die Montage der Uhr verbilligt wird.
Vergleichsmessungen haben ergeben, dass die mit dem erfindungsgemässen Belag versehene Aufzug- Feder gegenüber den nach der bisher üblichen Me thode geschmierten Federn infolge der geringeren Reibung zwischen den einzelnen Windungen ein um 5 bis 10 % höheres Kraftmoment abgibt. Die Aufzug feder kann deshalb um etwa 3 0/a, dünner gemacht werden als die bisherigen Federn. Durch die Ein sparung an Raum im Federhaus ist es möglich, die Feder entsprechend länger zu machen. Im Dauer versuch zeigte die erfindungsgemässe Feder nach 16000 Aufzügen noch ein gleich gutes Kraftdiagramm wie im Neuzustand.
Nach der vorliegenden Erfindung können auch andere Uhrbestandteile, die im Arbeitszustand einer Reibungsbeanspruchung unterworfen sind, z. B. Hemmungsteile, Anker, Ankerräder, Zahnräder, Triebe, Achsen, Wellen, Lager und dergleichen, selbstschmierend gemacht werden.
Watch component and process for its production It is known that certain Uhrbe components are lubricated with grease or oil to reduce friction before they are installed in the case. The mainsprings for watches in particular are greased or oiled before they are installed in the barrel, in order to reduce the friction between the windings when winding and unwinding. This type of lubrication has certain disadvantages, insofar as the grease or oil ages over time, i.e. gums, oxidizes, dries up and saponifies, whereby the friction of the spring in the barrel increases and the output torque becomes smaller.
As a result, the spring has to be cleaned and relubricated after the clock has been in operation for a certain period of time. Furthermore, it cannot always be avoided that part of the lubricant escapes from the barrel and mixes with dust and dirt. In addition, the lubricant layer takes up a certain amount of space in the barrel, which allows the. Spring volume and therefore energy storage is lost. It is also known that a spring lubricated according to the previous method relaxes in jerks towards the end of the unwinding as a result of the smear layer sticking, which has an adverse effect on the running of the watch.
Another disadvantage to be mentioned is the influence of high and low temperatures, which have an undesirable effect on the viscosity of the lubricant. The lubrication of each individual mainspring must also be carried out by hand, which is relatively expensive. Despite these disadvantages, however, this type of lubrication has been retained, since the use of watch springs not lubricated with grease or oil seemed impossible due to the excessive friction and the unevenness. In order to avoid these disadvantages, it has already been proposed in patent specification no. 337382, watch components, e.g. B. mainspring of watches, as well as other parts, such. B.
Escapement parts, anchors, armature wheels, gears, drives, axles, shafts, bearings and the like, to be provided with a plastic covering in order to avoid the disadvantages of conventional lubrication methods. Such plastic coverings consist of thermoplastic and also thermosetting and thermosetting resins, such as. B. polysiloxane resins (silicones), modified phenoplasts, z. B. modified phenol aldehyde resins, polyethylene - plastics, polyvinyl chloride - plastics, aminoplasts, such as.
B. melamine resins, furan resins, polyesters, polyamides, polyurethanes, ethoxylin resins, polystyrene, polyvinyl carbazole, polyvinylidene chloride, polychlorofluorocarbons, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl formal, polyvinyl acetal, polyvinyl butyral, polyacrylonitrile, polyacrylic ester,
. Polymethacrylic esters, aldehyde resins, ketone resins, butadiene polymers, isoprene polymers, chloroprene polymers, organic polysulphides, cellulose esters, cellulose ethers and similar products, such as polyfluorocarbons (names according to Saechtling-Zobrowski: Kunststoff-Taschenbuch, 11.
1955 edition, Munich, page 93), in particular polytetrafluoroethylene, e.g. B. the branded product Teflon, or a benzylated phenolic resin, etc.
It has now been shown that the coating consisting of the above plastics can be replaced by a coating which contains at least one so-called high-pressure lubricant, with surprisingly good results being achieved in practical terms. In the present description, high-pressure lubricants are used as dry lubricants, water-insoluble or sparingly water-soluble, inorganic salts, such as. B. lead iodide, mercury iodide, silver iodide, silver sulfate and the like can be understood.
The present invention relates to a watch component which is a spring, in particular a mainspring, but also part of an escapement (armature, armature wheels), a gear wheel, a drive, an axis, a shaft, a bearing or another part can act. The watch component according to the invention is characterized in that its surface, at least at the points exposed to a sliding or rubbing effect, has a firmly adhering, non-sticky coating which contains at least one high-pressure lubricant acting as a dry lubricant and a thickness of less than 1, preferably less than 0.0005 mm thick.
Furthermore, the present invention relates to a method for producing such a self-lubricating watch component, which is characterized in that at least those areas of the watch component exposed to a sliding or rubbing effect are covered with a firm, non-sticky coating, which has at least one acting as a dry lubricating layer Contains high pressure lubricant and has a thickness of less than 1 micron, preferably less than 0.0005 mm thick, ver provides.
Watch components with such a thin, firmly adhering to the surface, which is applied at least to the areas exposed to friction, do not require lubrication with oil or grease, so they can be installed in the watch case without the use of grease or oil and show neither the Disadvantages of unlubricated parts made of the same material nor the disadvantages of lubricated parts after the lubricant has aged.
The coating on watch components can consist in its entirety of a single high pressure lubricant or a mixture of several high pressure lubricants. However, it can also only partially consist of a high-pressure lubricant and otherwise contain one of the aforementioned plastics. Above all, polyvinyl resins in the form of organic solutions or in the form of aqueous suspensions, if necessary with the addition of a plasticizer, have proven to be suitable for this purpose.
Particularly suitable plasticizers are tricresyl phosphate, dibutyl phthalate, dioctyl phthalate and the like.
The aqueous suspensions of polyvinyl compounds are suspensions of polystyrene, polyacrylonitrile, polybutadiene, mono- and dichlorobutadiene and their mixtures and copolymers.
Mixtures of aqueous suspensions of polyvinyl styrene and polybutadiene are particularly recommended in certain cases, since polyvinyl styrene is relatively stable and polybutadiene results in an elastic component. Such a combination is generally preferable to the addition of a plasticizer, since plasticizers migrate easily, which means that the plasticizing effect is lost.
Polytetrafluoroethylene, which is characterized by particular stability, is also particularly suitable as a plastic.
Substances that improve their lubricating or sliding properties, in particular graphite and molybdenum disulfide, can be added to the high-pressure lubricants used to produce the coatings. The proportion of such sliding act the substances in the high-pressure lubricants kanr z. B. 50 1 / a.
Furthermore, in order to increase the adhesion of the coating containing the high-pressure lubricant or lubricants, it is desirable if the coating contains small amounts of cellulose ether (such as methyl cellulose).
The type of application of the coating layer on the watch components is due to the special properties of the individual substances used.
The application to the surface of the friction exposed parts can e.g. For example, the following happens: Since the high-pressure lubricants, including any added plastics of the aforementioned type, are insoluble in water, an aqueous suspension as fine as possible is first prepared in such a way that the substances are evenly and finely distributed in the water. The substance present in powder form is for this purpose with a stirrer in water, which is preferably added small amounts of methyl cellulose, ver divides, the simultaneous use of ultrasound has proven to be advantageous. A suspension by sonication with ultrasound has also proven to be useful.
By adding a wetting agent, e.g. B. sodium tetradecyl sulfate, it is possible to obtain very fine suspensions. The mixing of the high-pressure lubricant with water and, if desired, with methyl cellulose can also be done in such a way that it is mechanically suspended and then resuspended with ultrasound. In this way, largely stable Sus pensions are obtained, which then optionally in any desired ratio with a plastic suspension, eg. B. can be mixed with a suspension of a polyfluorocarbon in water.
The proportion by weight of the abovementioned substances in water will preferably be more than 0.1%.
In addition to aqueous suspensions, there is also the possibility of using liquids in organic liqs, e.g. B. alcohol, ether, methylene chloride, etc. to produce. The application of such suspensions to the watch components in question can be done in the same way as is described in Patent No. 337382. After the watch components were immersed in such a suspension, the excess suspension is removed and the resulting Be lay, conveniently in slightly warmed air, ge dried and then sintered, conveniently under increased pressure.
The high pressure lubricant concentration of the suspensions used in this immersion process can be e.g. B. between 0.02 and 2 o / o by weight. You can the suspension molybdenum disulfide, z. B. in an amount of 0.1 to 2 wt / o / o, add to increase the lubricity of the covering.
The coatings or coverings produced on watch components according to the present invention can have the form of coherent films covering the entire surface of the components. But you can also restrict yourself to providing only the work surfaces, that is, the friction surfaces, of the components with linings containing high pressure lubricants.
The present invention will now be explained using an exemplary embodiment.
Cleaned springs for watches are immersed in a bath of an approximately 0.5 percent by weight aqueous suspension of lead iodide, which if desired contains 0.1 percent by weight molybdenum disulfide. The bath liquid containing the feathers is sonicated with ultrasound. The mainspring are left in the bath for 30 minutes. After taking them out of the bath and removing excess suspension, the feathers are dried with gentle warming.
The high-pressure lubricant film, which is less than 0.0005 mm thick, adheres extremely firmly to the metal surface of the mainspring.
Similar good results are achieved by immersing the spring in an approximately 0.5 o / a aqueous suspension of lead iodide and polytetrafluoroethylene and then drying it in air, preferably with slight heating.
As a result of the small thickness of the lining bean, a spring treated in this way takes up less space in the barrel than a spring lubricated by the usual method. The mainspring provided with the coating according to the invention relaxes evenly and without jolts, since the windings do not stick to one another even after prolonged use of the spring. Furthermore, the friction conditions are more favorable and the output torque is higher. The spring can thus be made thinner and longer, which results in a less steep drop in torque during processing and a greater power reserve for the watch. In contrast to the previously known springs, the spring is also lubricated for its entire service life, so it was maintenance-free.
There is no need to lubricate the spring with grease or oil during installation, which makes it cheaper to assemble the clock.
Comparative measurements have shown that the elevator spring provided with the coating according to the invention emits a force torque that is 5 to 10% higher than the springs lubricated according to the previously customary method, due to the lower friction between the individual windings. The elevator spring can therefore be made thinner than the previous springs by about 3 0 / a. By saving space in the barrel, it is possible to make the spring correspondingly longer. In the endurance test, the spring according to the invention showed a force diagram as good as when new after 16,000 windings.
According to the present invention, other watch components which are subjected to frictional stress in the working state, e.g. B. escapement parts, armatures, armature wheels, gears, drives, axles, shafts, bearings and the like can be made self-lubricating.
Claims (1)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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CH340771T | 1957-08-17 |
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CH340771A true CH340771A (en) | 1959-08-31 |
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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CH340771D CH340771A (en) | 1957-08-17 | 1957-08-17 | Watch component and process for its manufacture |
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3167308A (en) * | 1961-07-21 | 1965-01-26 | Sandvikens Jernverks Ab | Springs and strip steel |
DE1299558B (en) * | 1964-03-11 | 1969-07-17 | Far Fab Assortiments Reunies | Lubrication methods for movements, especially for their escapement |
-
1957
- 1957-08-17 CH CH340771D patent/CH340771A/en unknown
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3167308A (en) * | 1961-07-21 | 1965-01-26 | Sandvikens Jernverks Ab | Springs and strip steel |
DE1299558B (en) * | 1964-03-11 | 1969-07-17 | Far Fab Assortiments Reunies | Lubrication methods for movements, especially for their escapement |
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