CH291601A - Safety device on drive machines, which causes the machine to shut down if the block bearing is worn beyond a permissible level. - Google Patents
Safety device on drive machines, which causes the machine to shut down if the block bearing is worn beyond a permissible level.Info
- Publication number
- CH291601A CH291601A CH291601DA CH291601A CH 291601 A CH291601 A CH 291601A CH 291601D A CH291601D A CH 291601DA CH 291601 A CH291601 A CH 291601A
- Authority
- CH
- Switzerland
- Prior art keywords
- pressure
- block bearing
- safety device
- oil
- machine
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C32/00—Bearings not otherwise provided for
- F16C32/06—Bearings not otherwise provided for with moving member supported by a fluid cushion formed, at least to a large extent, otherwise than by movement of the shaft, e.g. hydrostatic air-cushion bearings
- F16C32/0629—Bearings not otherwise provided for with moving member supported by a fluid cushion formed, at least to a large extent, otherwise than by movement of the shaft, e.g. hydrostatic air-cushion bearings supported by a liquid cushion, e.g. oil cushion
- F16C32/064—Bearings not otherwise provided for with moving member supported by a fluid cushion formed, at least to a large extent, otherwise than by movement of the shaft, e.g. hydrostatic air-cushion bearings supported by a liquid cushion, e.g. oil cushion the liquid being supplied under pressure
- F16C32/0644—Details of devices to control the supply of liquids to the bearings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D21/00—Shutting-down of machines or engines, e.g. in emergency; Regulating, controlling, or safety means not otherwise provided for
- F01D21/04—Shutting-down of machines or engines, e.g. in emergency; Regulating, controlling, or safety means not otherwise provided for responsive to undesired position of rotor relative to stator or to breaking-off of a part of the rotor, e.g. indicating such position
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D21/00—Shutting-down of machines or engines, e.g. in emergency; Regulating, controlling, or safety means not otherwise provided for
- F01D21/04—Shutting-down of machines or engines, e.g. in emergency; Regulating, controlling, or safety means not otherwise provided for responsive to undesired position of rotor relative to stator or to breaking-off of a part of the rotor, e.g. indicating such position
- F01D21/06—Shutting-down
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C17/00—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement
- F16C17/12—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement characterised by features not related to the direction of the load
- F16C17/24—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement characterised by features not related to the direction of the load with devices affected by abnormal or undesired positions, e.g. for preventing overheating, for safety
- F16C17/246—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement characterised by features not related to the direction of the load with devices affected by abnormal or undesired positions, e.g. for preventing overheating, for safety related to wear, e.g. sensors for measuring wear
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16P—SAFETY DEVICES IN GENERAL; SAFETY DEVICES FOR PRESSES
- F16P7/00—Emergency devices preventing damage to a machine or apparatus
- F16P7/02—Emergency devices preventing damage to a machine or apparatus by causing the machine to stop on the occurrence of dangerous conditions therein
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05G—CONTROL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS INSOFAR AS CHARACTERISED BY MECHANICAL FEATURES ONLY
- G05G15/00—Mechanical devices for initiating a movement automatically due to a specific cause
- G05G15/007—Mechanical devices for initiating a movement automatically due to a specific cause due to an excerted pressure
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2233/00—Monitoring condition, e.g. temperature, load, vibration
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)
- Magnetic Bearings And Hydrostatic Bearings (AREA)
Description
Sicherheitsvorrichtung an Antriebsmaschinen, die bei Klotzlagerabnützüng über ein zulässiges Mass ein Stillsetzen der Maschine bewirkt. Es sind Sicherheitsvorrichtungen für An triebsmaschinen, z. B. Dampf- oder Gastur binen, bekannt geworden, die bei einer glotz lagerabnützung über ein zulässiges Mass die Treibmittelzufuhr abstellen. Bei einer be kannten Vorrichtung dieser Art wird in einem solchen Falle durch Kontaktgabe über Hubmagnete die betreffende Antriebsma schine stillgesetzt.
Die angestrebte Betriebs sicherheit ist aber bei Verschmutzung der Kontakte, bei Leitungsbrüchen oder Ausblei ben des elektrischen Stromes nicht mehr ge geben. Bei einer andern Bauart solcher Sicherheitsvorrichtungen übertragen Hebel über eine Gleitrolle oder Gleitbacke die Ver- schiebung der Welle auf das Schnellschluss- gest:änge. Durch Abnützung der Gleitrollen bzw. Gleitbacken wird jedoch der Eingriffs zeitpunkt der Sicherheitsvormichtung verzö gert.
Ausserdem lassen sich solche Sicher- heitsvorrichtungen nur dann verwenden, wenn das Klotzlager in der Nähe der Schnell- schlussvorrichtung liegt. Ähnliches gilt für eine andere bekannte Sicherheitsvorriehtung, bei welcher am Wellenende ein Steuerschie ber angekuppelt ist, der bei Axialverschie- bung in auf die Schnellschlussvorrichtung ein wirkendes Druckmittel steuert.
Abnützungen des umlaufenden Schiebers beeinflussen auch hier die Genauigkeit des Eingriffszeitpunktes der Vorrichtung. Alle diese Schwierigkeiten werden gemäss der Erfindung dadurch'vermieden, dass eine sich in Abhängigkeit von der Axialverschie- bung der Klotzlagerspurscheibe *verändernde Spaltbreite zwischen derselben und der Aus- trittsöffnung einer Druckölleitung den Druck eines Drwckölsystems beeinflusst,
der als Im puls für die Schnellschlussauslösevorrichtung der Treibmittelzufuhr dient, derart, dass im Falle der Gefahr die Treibmittelzufuhr abge stellt wird.
Ein Ausführungsbeispiel. des Erfindungs gegenstandes ist in den Abb. 1 bis 3 der Zeichnung veranschaulicht, worin Abb. 1 eine Sicherheitsvorrichtung in ver einfachter Darstellung, Abb. 2 eine bauliche Einzelheit und Abb. 3 eine schaubildliche Darstellung ihrer Wirkungsweise zeigen.
In Abb. 1 bezeichnen a die auf der Welle b einer Antriebsmaschine angeordnete Klotz- lagerspurscheibe, c die Lagerklötze und d das Klotzlagergehäuse. Das glotzlagergehäuse d ist durch die Leitung e an eine Drucköl quelle, z. B. die Lager- und Steuerölpumpe, angeschlossen.
Als Impuls für die Betätigung des auf die Treibmittelzufuhr einwirkenden Steuerorgans dient der sich in der Leitung e in Abhängig keit von der Breite des Spaltes s zwischen Spurscheibe - cc und der Gegenfläche des Ge- häuses d einstellende Steueröldruck.
In der dargestellten Ausführungsform wirkt dieser Steueröldruck auf einen federbelasteten Kol ben j', der auf die Schnellschhissauslösevor- richtung g (Abb. 2) einwirkt. Ein in die Zu fuhrleitung<I>k</I> eingebautes Drosselorgan <I>h</I> dient dazu, die Zufuhr'leitimg vor Druck- schwankungen in der Steuerleitung e mög lichst abzuschirmen. Zur Druckmittelzufüh.. rung ist eine auf gleichbleibenden Druck fördernde Pumpe vorgesehen.
Um dem Bedienungspersonal umabhängig von der Sicherheitsvorrichtung jederzeit eine Überwachung der jeweiligen Axialverschie- bung der Klotzlaeerspurscheibe zu ermög lichen, ist zwischen der Drosselstelle h und dem Spalt s ari die Leitung e ein Druckmesser i angeschlossen.
Der sich in der Leitung e hinter der Drosselstelle h einstellende Öldruck p1, der sich im umgekehrten Verhältnis zur Spaltbreite s ändert, kann aber nur dann als genauer Messwert für die jeweilige Spaltbreite angesprochen werden, wenn der Druck p in der Zuführungsleitung k vor der Drosselstelle <I>h</I> gleichbleibt. Ein Druckmesser l zeigt den in der Leitung<I>k</I> herrschenden Druck<I>p</I> an.
Ändert sich dieser Druck, so wird dadurch auch das Abhängigkeitsverhältnis ,zwischen dem Druck pi und der Spaltbreite s ein an deres, wie aus der schaubildlichen Darstel lung nach Abb. 3 hervorgeht.
In diesem Schaubild sind auf der waag rechten Achse eines Achsenkreuzes die ver schiedenen Spaltbreiten s in Zehntelmilli- metern und auf .der senkrechten Achse die Druckölwerte pi hinter der Drosselstelle h, in kg/ em2 aufgetragen. Die Schaubildlinien geben das Abhängigkeitsverhältnis zwischen Spaltbreite s und den Öldrucken p1 an.
Wie aus dem Schaubild zu entnehmen, beträgt bei einem Öldruck vor der Drosselstelle von p = 5 kg/em2 und einer Spaltbreite s von 0,3 mm der Öldruck py hinter der Drosselstelle 3,2 kg/em.2, welcher Zustand als normal be zeichnet wird. Sinkt dagegen der Öldruck aus irgendeinem Grunde in der Zuführungslei- tung <I>k</I> auf<I>p</I> = 4 kg/cm?, so wird bei 0,3 mm Spaltbreite der Druck hinter der Drossel stelle h in der Leitung e auf 2,6 kg/cm2 sin ken.
Durch Vergleich der verschiedenen Kur ven miteinander kann bei veränderlichem Steueröldruck der genaue jeweilige Abnüt zungswert der Klotzlagerspurscheibe jeder zeit ermittelt werden.
Der Vorteil der Erfindung besteht dem nach darin, dass neben erhöhter Betriebssicher heit eine Möglichkeit, ständig und augen blicklich die Klotzlagerabnützung festzustel len, gewährleistet ist. Bei völligem Ausbleiben der Ölversorgung wird ausserdem durch die Sicherheitsvorrichtung die Maschine stillge setzt. Die Sicherheitsvorrichtung ist an ört liche Verhältnisse nicht gebunden und kann auch bei Klotzlagern, die weit entfernt von der Schnellschlusseinrichtung angeordnet sind, verwendet werden.
Safety device on drive machines, which causes the machine to shut down if the block bearing is worn beyond a permissible level. There are safety devices for drive machines to, for. B. Steam or Gastur bines have become known that turn off the propellant supply at a glotz bearing wear beyond a permissible level. In a known device of this type, the drive machine in question is shut down in such a case by making contact via solenoids.
However, the desired operational safety is no longer given if the contacts are dirty, if there is a line break or if there is no electrical current. In another type of safety device of this type, levers transmit the displacement of the shaft to the quick-action link via a sliding roller or sliding jaw. However, the time at which the safety device intervenes is delayed due to wear of the sliding rollers or sliding blocks.
In addition, such safety devices can only be used if the block bearing is in the vicinity of the quick-release device. The same applies to another known safety device in which a control slide is coupled to the shaft end, which controls a pressure medium acting on the quick-acting device when it is axially displaced.
Here, too, wear and tear of the rotating slide influence the accuracy of the time at which the device is engaged. According to the invention, all these difficulties are avoided in that a gap width between the same and the outlet opening of a pressurized oil line, which changes depending on the axial displacement of the block bearing track disc *, influences the pressure of a pressurized oil system,
which serves as an impulse for the quick release release device of the propellant supply, in such a way that the propellant supply is canceled in the event of danger.
An embodiment. The subject of the invention is illustrated in Figs. 1 to 3 of the drawing, in which Fig. 1 shows a safety device in a simplified representation, Fig. 2 shows a structural detail and Fig. 3 shows a diagrammatic representation of its mode of operation.
In Fig. 1, a designates the block bearing track disc arranged on the shaft b of a drive machine, c the bearing blocks and d the block bearing housing. The bell bearing housing d is through the line e to a pressure oil source, z. B. the bearing and control oil pump connected.
The control oil pressure set in line e depending on the width of the gap s between the track disk - cc and the opposite surface of the housing d serves as the impulse for the actuation of the control member acting on the propellant supply.
In the embodiment shown, this control oil pressure acts on a spring-loaded piston j ', which acts on the rapid-action release device g (Fig. 2). A throttle element <I> h </I> built into the supply line <I> k </I> serves to shield the supply line from pressure fluctuations in the control line e as far as possible. A pump that delivers constant pressure is provided for supplying pressure medium.
In order to enable the operating personnel to monitor the respective axial displacement of the block loader disc at any time independently of the safety device, the line e, a pressure gauge i is connected between the throttle point h and the gap s ari.
The oil pressure p1 that occurs in line e behind the throttle point h, which changes in inverse proportion to the gap width s, can only be addressed as an exact measured value for the respective gap width if the pressure p in the supply line k before the throttle point < I> h </I> remains the same. A pressure gauge l shows the pressure <I> p </I> in the line <I> k </I>.
If this pressure changes, the relationship between the pressure pi and the gap width s also changes, as can be seen in the diagram in Fig. 3.
In this diagram, the various gap widths s are plotted in tenths of a millimeter on the horizontal right axis of a crosshair, and the pressure oil values pi behind the throttle point h, in kg / em2, are plotted on the vertical axis. The graph lines indicate the relationship between the gap width s and the oil pressures p1.
As can be seen from the diagram, with an oil pressure in front of the throttle point of p = 5 kg / em2 and a gap width s of 0.3 mm, the oil pressure py behind the throttle point is 3.2 kg / em.2, which is normal is drawn. If, on the other hand, the oil pressure in the supply line <I> k </I> drops to <I> p </I> = 4 kg / cm? For any reason, the pressure behind the throttle is at 0.3 mm gap width h in line e drop to 2.6 kg / cm2.
By comparing the various curves with one another, the exact respective wear value of the block bearing track disc can be determined at any time if the control oil pressure changes.
The advantage of the invention is that, in addition to increased operational safety, it is possible to permanently and instantly determine the wear of the block bearing. If there is no oil supply at all, the machine is also shut down by the safety device. The safety device is not tied to local conditions and can also be used for block bearings that are located far away from the quick-release device.
Claims (1)
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE291601X | 1948-10-01 | ||
DE701530X | 1948-10-01 | ||
DE2839071X | 1948-10-01 | ||
DEL38162A DE1224972B (en) | 1961-02-10 | 1961-02-10 | Safety device for machines with rotating parts in plain bearings |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CH291601A true CH291601A (en) | 1953-06-30 |
Family
ID=27625383
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CH291601D CH291601A (en) | 1948-10-01 | 1951-04-02 | Safety device on drive machines, which causes the machine to shut down if the block bearing is worn beyond a permissible level. |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CH (1) | CH291601A (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1008750B (en) * | 1954-03-06 | 1957-05-23 | Turbinen Und Generatoren Veb | Device for hydraulic triggering of the quick-acting valve of a turbine, in particular a steam turbine, in the event of overspeed |
DE1157925B (en) * | 1958-05-21 | 1963-11-21 | Bergmann Borsig Veb | Overspeed switch for steam, gas or water turbines |
-
1951
- 1951-04-02 CH CH291601D patent/CH291601A/en unknown
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1008750B (en) * | 1954-03-06 | 1957-05-23 | Turbinen Und Generatoren Veb | Device for hydraulic triggering of the quick-acting valve of a turbine, in particular a steam turbine, in the event of overspeed |
DE1157925B (en) * | 1958-05-21 | 1963-11-21 | Bergmann Borsig Veb | Overspeed switch for steam, gas or water turbines |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
DE3817218C2 (en) | ||
EP0144788B1 (en) | Control mechanism for a variable delivery hydraulic transmission | |
CH291601A (en) | Safety device on drive machines, which causes the machine to shut down if the block bearing is worn beyond a permissible level. | |
CH337087A (en) | Device for automatically controlling the tool infeed on grinding machines, in particular internal grinding machines | |
DE756492C (en) | Device for regulating the tension of moving material webs, in particular the paper webs in rotary printing machines | |
DD233930A1 (en) | PRESSURE CONTROL SYSTEM FOR CONTROLLING THE PRESSURE AT THE ROLLER BEARINGS OF THE REFINING ROLLERS OF CHOCOLATE ROLLING MACHINES | |
DE1552110C3 (en) | Strip straightening and cutting line | |
DE922290C (en) | Safety device for prime movers, e.g. B. Steam or gas turbines, the block bearings of which are subject to wear due to axial displacement of the shaft | |
DE3130050C1 (en) | Apparatus for the winning and/or conveying of coal, with a drive unit and a slip clutch | |
DE601552C (en) | Hydraulic transmission for machine tools, especially milling machines | |
DE2426904A1 (en) | DEVICE FOR REGULATING THE DISTRIBUTION OF A PRESSURIZED MEDIUM IN A HYDRAULIC CIRCUIT BY PRESSURE FROM A GROUP OF PUMPS WITH A CONSTANT FLOW RATE | |
DE1915947C3 (en) | Axial position measuring device for shafts | |
DE582111C (en) | Dividing device for sausage filling machines | |
DE1605904A1 (en) | Gear shift device | |
DE711225C (en) | Drive for conveyor devices | |
DE1015654B (en) | Control valve for the pressure medium flow to hydraulic regulators | |
DE1889219U (en) | TORQUE DISPLAY AND / OR CONTROL UNIT. | |
DE1224972B (en) | Safety device for machines with rotating parts in plain bearings | |
DE569691C (en) | Control device for extraction turbines working independently on a network | |
DE843933C (en) | Lubricating device for chain milling machines | |
DE850737C (en) | Device for setting two-part, iron pit punches | |
DE1431996C (en) | Hydraulic speed controller acting on the brake for conveying machines with two pumps | |
DE448634C (en) | Piston steam engine with downstream steam turbine | |
DE1601597C3 (en) | Fuel supply system for a gas turbine engine | |
DE1085352B (en) | Device for determining the pulsating pressure prevailing in a pressure vessel |