CA2438149A1 - Admixture to improve consolidation of cement composition with low moisture content - Google Patents
Admixture to improve consolidation of cement composition with low moisture content Download PDFInfo
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- CA2438149A1 CA2438149A1 CA002438149A CA2438149A CA2438149A1 CA 2438149 A1 CA2438149 A1 CA 2438149A1 CA 002438149 A CA002438149 A CA 002438149A CA 2438149 A CA2438149 A CA 2438149A CA 2438149 A1 CA2438149 A1 CA 2438149A1
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-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
- C04B24/24—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B24/26—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C04B24/2652—Nitrogen containing polymers, e.g. polyacrylamides, polyacrylonitriles
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
- C04B24/16—Sulfur-containing compounds
- C04B24/20—Sulfonated aromatic compounds
- C04B24/22—Condensation or polymerisation products thereof
- C04B24/226—Sulfonated naphtalene-formaldehyde condensation products
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
- C04B24/24—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B24/26—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C04B24/2688—Copolymers containing at least three different monomers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B2103/0068—Ingredients with a function or property not provided for elsewhere in C04B2103/00
- C04B2103/0079—Rheology influencing agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00034—Physico-chemical characteristics of the mixtures
- C04B2111/00068—Mortar or concrete mixtures with an unusual water/cement ratio
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
A low moisture composition for producing concrete articles exhibiting increased density and strength and requiring a short consolidation time is obtained by adding a powder admixture of naphthalene formaldehyde condensates to a cement composition.
Description
ADMIXTURE TO IMPROVE CONSOLIDATION OF CEMENT
COMPOSITION WITH LOW MOISTURE CONTENT
This invention relates to a method and composition for producing concrete articles in a very short time frame which have increased density and strength.
By adding a powder admixture of naphthalene formaldehyde condensates to a cement composition, the time of vibration required for consolidation of such concrete articles is reduced, yet density and strength is increased.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Concrete articles are typically prepared by pouring a cementitious composition into a mould and agitating and pressing it. Generally, the cementitious composition must cure for 18 to 24 hours in the mould before it can be removed as a formed usable concrete article.
Conventionally, water has been added to the cementitious composition to disperse particles of cementitious material and improve the workability of the composition. Unfortunately, the amount of mixing water required for workability is normally a great deal more than necessary for subsequent hydration and setting of the cementitious composition. Hollow spaces formed by evaporation of excess water result in decreased strength of the concrete article of the finished product and instability of the product upon demoulding.
Additives including polycondensation products based on naphthalene sulfonic acids have been used in cement compositions to improve workability and flowability with reduced water-cement ratio as low as 0.23%, but the essential water content comprising at Ieast 10% of material solids by weight moisture. As observed in U.S. Patent No. 5,798,425, the liquefying action of these additives in cement compositions is short Iived and can result in a decrease in workability or slump loss.
Accordingly, there is need for a method of maleing concrete articles from cement compositions having low water content in a short time period.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is an object of the invention to provide cement compositions having a low moisture content (slump around zero) which are suitable for making concrete articles in a short period of time.
It is a further object of the invention to provide cement compositions having a low moisture content (slump around zero) which can be used to prepare concrete articles exhibiting adequate mechanical strength and stability during manufacture and transport to point of use.
These and other objects of the invention are achieved by providing a cement composition comprising hydraulic cement and .5 to 3% by weight of the hydraulic cement of a naphthalene sulfonate condensate wherein the maximum moisture content of the composition is 8% by weight. The invention also provides a method of making a concrete article by introducing the cement composition into a mould, applying pressure and vibration to the cement composition thereby forming a concrete article and removing the concrete article from the mould after the short time.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION' OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
The cement composition of the present invention is used to prepare concrete articles which have a moisture content of 8% by weight or less, approximately zero slump, i.e. which do not exhibit any substantial flow. The cement composition can be used in a dry technology process in which simultaneous vibration and high pressure is employed to consolidate the material in a mould. Concrete articles made in accordance with the invention include but are not limited to concrete paving stones, wall blocks, tiles and the like.
The essential component of the inventive cement composition is a powder admixture of naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensates (NSFC) which is mixed with hydraulic cement in the amount of 0.5 to 3% by weight, preferably 0.5 to 1.75% by weight of the hydraulic cement. Suitable NSFC materials include Hydropalat~ D available from Cognis Coatings & Inks located in Ambler, Pennsylvania and Lomar D available from GEO Specialty Chemicals in Harsham, Pennsylvania.
Any suitable hydraulic cement can be utilized in the cement compositions of the invention. Suitable cements include Portland cement, alumina cement or blended cement, for example, pozzolanic cement, slag cement or other types. A preferred cement is Portland cement of one or more of the various types identified as ASTM Type I to V. The hydraulic cement is present in an amount of 6 to 15% by weight of the cement composition. The cement composition according to the present invention may further contain one or more additives such as fillers, for example, glass powder, quartz, silica and the like, color pigments and reinforcing fibers made of metallic, synthetic or mineral material. These additives are present in up to 40%~by weight of the cement composition.
The invention will be better understood with reference to the following illustrative examples which do not limit the scope thereof.
Example 1 In a ient ei ht Glass Aggregate 527.5 Grey Portland Cement Type I 80.0 Metamax 20.0 Recycled Glass Powder Filler 20.0 Water 41.0 Lomar D 1.4 Nylon Fibers 3.76 Pigment 2.4 The ingredients were mixed together in a mixer drum and placed into a block machine manufactured by Zenith Corporation of Germany. Other suitable equipment is available from Columbia Machine, Inc. and Besser Company. Metamax is an Metakaolin admixture available from Engelhard Corporation in Iselin, New Jersey. The glass powder filler is available from the Glass Recycling Group. A
microtrac particle size analysis of the recycled glass powder filler is shown in Table 1.
Ta Ie 1 Size (pm) 0.9 1.4 1.9 2.8 3.9 5.5 7.8 11 22 31 44 62 88 125 Percent Retained 3.5 2.4 3.3 3.7 3.7 4.3 5.8 6.3 11.7 15.5 13 13 6.8 0 The glass aggregate was obtained from a glass recycling company who also cleaned the glass. The grading of the recycled glass is shown in Table 2.
Tab a 2 Size (gym) #4 #8 #16 #30 #50 #100 Pan Percent Retained 0 27.6 28.3 21.1 12.1 6.7 4.2 Formed concrete blocks were produced at a rate of 1260 blocks per minute. Concrete blocks were prepared as in Example 1 using the cement compositions shown in Table 6 (batches 12 and 13).
The influence of the powder admixture on compressive strength was investigated for various mixtures. The test result are shown in Table 3.
Samples consisted of cylinders 2.8 in diameter and 2.0 in height, which were produced in the laboratory under conditions simulating those in commercial manufacture.
Table 3 SampleIngredients, in parts by weight No. Glass Glass Powder Moisture Compressive ~
Cementitious Mat.
powderAggregateAdmixt.Content, Strength, % psi Cement MetamaxFiller
COMPOSITION WITH LOW MOISTURE CONTENT
This invention relates to a method and composition for producing concrete articles in a very short time frame which have increased density and strength.
By adding a powder admixture of naphthalene formaldehyde condensates to a cement composition, the time of vibration required for consolidation of such concrete articles is reduced, yet density and strength is increased.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Concrete articles are typically prepared by pouring a cementitious composition into a mould and agitating and pressing it. Generally, the cementitious composition must cure for 18 to 24 hours in the mould before it can be removed as a formed usable concrete article.
Conventionally, water has been added to the cementitious composition to disperse particles of cementitious material and improve the workability of the composition. Unfortunately, the amount of mixing water required for workability is normally a great deal more than necessary for subsequent hydration and setting of the cementitious composition. Hollow spaces formed by evaporation of excess water result in decreased strength of the concrete article of the finished product and instability of the product upon demoulding.
Additives including polycondensation products based on naphthalene sulfonic acids have been used in cement compositions to improve workability and flowability with reduced water-cement ratio as low as 0.23%, but the essential water content comprising at Ieast 10% of material solids by weight moisture. As observed in U.S. Patent No. 5,798,425, the liquefying action of these additives in cement compositions is short Iived and can result in a decrease in workability or slump loss.
Accordingly, there is need for a method of maleing concrete articles from cement compositions having low water content in a short time period.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is an object of the invention to provide cement compositions having a low moisture content (slump around zero) which are suitable for making concrete articles in a short period of time.
It is a further object of the invention to provide cement compositions having a low moisture content (slump around zero) which can be used to prepare concrete articles exhibiting adequate mechanical strength and stability during manufacture and transport to point of use.
These and other objects of the invention are achieved by providing a cement composition comprising hydraulic cement and .5 to 3% by weight of the hydraulic cement of a naphthalene sulfonate condensate wherein the maximum moisture content of the composition is 8% by weight. The invention also provides a method of making a concrete article by introducing the cement composition into a mould, applying pressure and vibration to the cement composition thereby forming a concrete article and removing the concrete article from the mould after the short time.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION' OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
The cement composition of the present invention is used to prepare concrete articles which have a moisture content of 8% by weight or less, approximately zero slump, i.e. which do not exhibit any substantial flow. The cement composition can be used in a dry technology process in which simultaneous vibration and high pressure is employed to consolidate the material in a mould. Concrete articles made in accordance with the invention include but are not limited to concrete paving stones, wall blocks, tiles and the like.
The essential component of the inventive cement composition is a powder admixture of naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensates (NSFC) which is mixed with hydraulic cement in the amount of 0.5 to 3% by weight, preferably 0.5 to 1.75% by weight of the hydraulic cement. Suitable NSFC materials include Hydropalat~ D available from Cognis Coatings & Inks located in Ambler, Pennsylvania and Lomar D available from GEO Specialty Chemicals in Harsham, Pennsylvania.
Any suitable hydraulic cement can be utilized in the cement compositions of the invention. Suitable cements include Portland cement, alumina cement or blended cement, for example, pozzolanic cement, slag cement or other types. A preferred cement is Portland cement of one or more of the various types identified as ASTM Type I to V. The hydraulic cement is present in an amount of 6 to 15% by weight of the cement composition. The cement composition according to the present invention may further contain one or more additives such as fillers, for example, glass powder, quartz, silica and the like, color pigments and reinforcing fibers made of metallic, synthetic or mineral material. These additives are present in up to 40%~by weight of the cement composition.
The invention will be better understood with reference to the following illustrative examples which do not limit the scope thereof.
Example 1 In a ient ei ht Glass Aggregate 527.5 Grey Portland Cement Type I 80.0 Metamax 20.0 Recycled Glass Powder Filler 20.0 Water 41.0 Lomar D 1.4 Nylon Fibers 3.76 Pigment 2.4 The ingredients were mixed together in a mixer drum and placed into a block machine manufactured by Zenith Corporation of Germany. Other suitable equipment is available from Columbia Machine, Inc. and Besser Company. Metamax is an Metakaolin admixture available from Engelhard Corporation in Iselin, New Jersey. The glass powder filler is available from the Glass Recycling Group. A
microtrac particle size analysis of the recycled glass powder filler is shown in Table 1.
Ta Ie 1 Size (pm) 0.9 1.4 1.9 2.8 3.9 5.5 7.8 11 22 31 44 62 88 125 Percent Retained 3.5 2.4 3.3 3.7 3.7 4.3 5.8 6.3 11.7 15.5 13 13 6.8 0 The glass aggregate was obtained from a glass recycling company who also cleaned the glass. The grading of the recycled glass is shown in Table 2.
Tab a 2 Size (gym) #4 #8 #16 #30 #50 #100 Pan Percent Retained 0 27.6 28.3 21.1 12.1 6.7 4.2 Formed concrete blocks were produced at a rate of 1260 blocks per minute. Concrete blocks were prepared as in Example 1 using the cement compositions shown in Table 6 (batches 12 and 13).
The influence of the powder admixture on compressive strength was investigated for various mixtures. The test result are shown in Table 3.
Samples consisted of cylinders 2.8 in diameter and 2.0 in height, which were produced in the laboratory under conditions simulating those in commercial manufacture.
Table 3 SampleIngredients, in parts by weight No. Glass Glass Powder Moisture Compressive ~
Cementitious Mat.
powderAggregateAdmixt.Content, Strength, % psi Cement MetamaxFiller
2 0.8 0.2 0.24 5.275 0.0 7.6 2433
3 0.8 0.2 0.24 5.275 0.8 6.5 2127
4 0.8 0.2 0.24 5.275 I.0 6.9 3047
5 0.8 0.2 0.24 5.275 1.2 6.5 4056
6 0.8 0.2 0.24 5.275 1.4 6.4 3909 The compressive strength of the concrete blocks was determined after
7 days using ASTM C6?-99a (Volume 04-OS). Sample 2 had no NSFC powder admixture. Sample 5 exhibited the highest compressive strength.
xam I 2 Concrete specimens were prepared from cement compositions as in Sample 5 using plasticizer additives other than NSFC. These comparative samples are labeled SA-50 in Table 4 herein below. The compressive strength was measured after 7 days using 2 inch high cylinders with a diameter of 2.8 inches.
Table 4 SampleAdmixtures, Moisture Compressive %
by weight of cementitious mat.
No. NSFC ADVA MelmentPOZ400N Reo1000Content, Strength, % psi S 1.2 6.5 4056 SA 0.8 ' 6.6 3342 SB 1.0 6.6 0*
5C 1.0 6.3 4162**
SD 0.7 6.6 3643 SE 0.8 7.6 2322 SF 1.0 . 6.8 2051 SG 1.2 ' 6.S 1977 SH 1.4 6.5 1968 SI 0.8 6.6 1638 SJ 1.0 6.6 2027 SK 1.2 6.5 2296 SL 1.3 6.6 2049 SM 1.7 6.5 2717 SN 2.0 6.2 2970 50 2.6 6.2 3244 Sample could not be demoulded Sample was sticky and difficult to demould
xam I 2 Concrete specimens were prepared from cement compositions as in Sample 5 using plasticizer additives other than NSFC. These comparative samples are labeled SA-50 in Table 4 herein below. The compressive strength was measured after 7 days using 2 inch high cylinders with a diameter of 2.8 inches.
Table 4 SampleAdmixtures, Moisture Compressive %
by weight of cementitious mat.
No. NSFC ADVA MelmentPOZ400N Reo1000Content, Strength, % psi S 1.2 6.5 4056 SA 0.8 ' 6.6 3342 SB 1.0 6.6 0*
5C 1.0 6.3 4162**
SD 0.7 6.6 3643 SE 0.8 7.6 2322 SF 1.0 . 6.8 2051 SG 1.2 ' 6.S 1977 SH 1.4 6.5 1968 SI 0.8 6.6 1638 SJ 1.0 6.6 2027 SK 1.2 6.5 2296 SL 1.3 6.6 2049 SM 1.7 6.5 2717 SN 2.0 6.2 2970 50 2.6 6.2 3244 Sample could not be demoulded Sample was sticky and difficult to demould
8 PCT/USO1/28024 ADVA is a plasticizes available from Grace Construction Products.
POZ 400N, refers to "Pozolith 400N", a plasticizes available from Master Builders.
Reo 1000 refers to for "Reobuild 1000," a plasticizes available from the same company. As can be seen from Table 4, Comparative Sample SC was sticky and difficult to demould while Sample 5 in accordance with invention resulted in a concrete block which was easily manufactured and had a high compressive strength.
Exam 1e Concrete specimens were prepared from cement compositions in accordance with the invention as in Example 1 and are shown in Table 5 as Samples 7-9. Concrete specimens were also prepared using Reomix 700, an admixture from Master Builders Co., to improve the consolidation property.
Ta 1e 5 SampleAdmixtures, Moisture Compressive % by wt.
of cement.
mat.
No. NSFC Reomix700 Content, Strength, % psi A 0.26 6.7 2063 B 0.5 6.5 2149 C 1.0 6.5 2129 7 0.8 6.5 2127 8 1.0 6.9 3047
POZ 400N, refers to "Pozolith 400N", a plasticizes available from Master Builders.
Reo 1000 refers to for "Reobuild 1000," a plasticizes available from the same company. As can be seen from Table 4, Comparative Sample SC was sticky and difficult to demould while Sample 5 in accordance with invention resulted in a concrete block which was easily manufactured and had a high compressive strength.
Exam 1e Concrete specimens were prepared from cement compositions in accordance with the invention as in Example 1 and are shown in Table 5 as Samples 7-9. Concrete specimens were also prepared using Reomix 700, an admixture from Master Builders Co., to improve the consolidation property.
Ta 1e 5 SampleAdmixtures, Moisture Compressive % by wt.
of cement.
mat.
No. NSFC Reomix700 Content, Strength, % psi A 0.26 6.7 2063 B 0.5 6.5 2149 C 1.0 6.5 2129 7 0.8 6.5 2127 8 1.0 6.9 3047
9 1.2 6.5 4056 As can be seen from Table 5, Sample 7, 8 and 9 in accordance with the invention gave comparatively superior results with respect to compressive strength.
Example 4 Concrete paving stones were made in accordance with Example 1 from cement compositions as shown in Table 6 using a Zenith block machine. The compressive strength was measured after 28 days.
~ 0 0 0 o ~ ~ a. ~
x x a a a a ~'0 v m ' ~
p,'d ~ c ~ ~ o ~'m b ~ ~ o j ~
_ _ N
~L .4 o O
~ v pp0100~OM
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v~ p o ~ ,n ~
~
UU >
U
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~ ~
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z ~ ~ p G G -~~ '-i~ yo ~r."~
O O ~ O p~ '~
p.
o -~'~'1w -rU
r z z ~,z z O N N N N N
w z 0 0 0 0 0 - a H n 0 ~b o O
~ P
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,~
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p ~ M x baD ~
,. ai N 'L~
~
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y ~
U
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a~a~a~~ow p,'u ~ w ~ ~ a ~ ~
~ ~ M
P.~
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d V'yN V1h t!1V'1O
f " (s ~
.
i ~G ~ N
~V ~
~~
_ U ~
N
U
~
O O N N N N NO b z 0 0 0 0 0~x ~, ' 3 ~~W
U .-0 0 0 0 0 .a d ~
o GG ou ~
A w w ~ ~ ~y .
As can be seen from Table 6 concrete paving stone prepared in accordance with the invention, samples 11, 12 and 13, exhibited high compression strength.
Example 5 A comparison of a paving stone commercially available and a paving stone prepared from an admixture having NSFC in accordance with the invention is shown in Table 7.
b U n,o i, n a, b o ~
a~ U 'd ci~
::
a~
N v~
o ~ lp t W
O
a~ U
N
w C/~ O O
z ~'O
O
N S~
O
cd r, ~
?C
O
O O
b O O O
~
o U o 0 ~ U
~
H
' ' a , M M H
O O
fsr O O
,b O
U
o ~ a~ a~
do U
O O O
O ~ i C/~ ~-.
N
z N U
U
a~v M M 4-~
r3.b --i'.~.~' O O
~
a~ ~ U riri rn ' b o ~, ~ ,~
.o b o ~
rn .--~r-.
a~
U ~
b ~
a~
U r".-.
a. a , 't r~ C7 As can be seen from Table 7, the consolidation property and compression strength for the paving stone prepared in accordance with the invention was superior to commercially available paving stone.
Example 4 Concrete paving stones were made in accordance with Example 1 from cement compositions as shown in Table 6 using a Zenith block machine. The compressive strength was measured after 28 days.
~ 0 0 0 o ~ ~ a. ~
x x a a a a ~'0 v m ' ~
p,'d ~ c ~ ~ o ~'m b ~ ~ o j ~
_ _ N
~L .4 o O
~ v pp0100~OM
V v0W o ~ ~p,r'.
v~ p o ~ ,n ~
~
UU >
U
C O o O O Ob N
H ,3 U U
~ ~
p ..
z ~ ~ p G G -~~ '-i~ yo ~r."~
O O ~ O p~ '~
p.
o -~'~'1w -rU
r z z ~,z z O N N N N N
w z 0 0 0 0 0 - a H n 0 ~b o O
~ P
M 1 .
,~
M .-iM
p ~ M x baD ~
,. ai N 'L~
~
P.i M ~"' Qi~4I~
y ~
U
3 .c i~
a~a~a~~ow p,'u ~ w ~ ~ a ~ ~
~ ~ M
P.~
ci--~ N
d V'yN V1h t!1V'1O
f " (s ~
.
i ~G ~ N
~V ~
~~
_ U ~
N
U
~
O O N N N N NO b z 0 0 0 0 0~x ~, ' 3 ~~W
U .-0 0 0 0 0 .a d ~
o GG ou ~
A w w ~ ~ ~y .
As can be seen from Table 6 concrete paving stone prepared in accordance with the invention, samples 11, 12 and 13, exhibited high compression strength.
Example 5 A comparison of a paving stone commercially available and a paving stone prepared from an admixture having NSFC in accordance with the invention is shown in Table 7.
b U n,o i, n a, b o ~
a~ U 'd ci~
::
a~
N v~
o ~ lp t W
O
a~ U
N
w C/~ O O
z ~'O
O
N S~
O
cd r, ~
?C
O
O O
b O O O
~
o U o 0 ~ U
~
H
' ' a , M M H
O O
fsr O O
,b O
U
o ~ a~ a~
do U
O O O
O ~ i C/~ ~-.
N
z N U
U
a~v M M 4-~
r3.b --i'.~.~' O O
~
a~ ~ U riri rn ' b o ~, ~ ,~
.o b o ~
rn .--~r-.
a~
U ~
b ~
a~
U r".-.
a. a , 't r~ C7 As can be seen from Table 7, the consolidation property and compression strength for the paving stone prepared in accordance with the invention was superior to commercially available paving stone.
Claims (15)
1. A cement composition comprising hydraulic cement, and .5 to 3% by weight of the hydraulic cement of a naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensate wherein the maximum moisture content of the composition is 8% by weight of the composition.
2. A cement composition according to claim 1 wherein the naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensate is present in an amount of .5 to 1.75% by weight of the hydraulic cement.
3. A cement composition according to claim 1 wherein the hydraulic cement comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of lime and kaolin.
4. A cement composition according to any one of claim 1 or claim 2 further comprising at least one selected from the group consisting of glass powder, quartz and silica.
5. A cement composition according to any one claim 1 or claim 2 further comprising color pigments.
6. A cement composition according to claim 3 further comprising color pigments.
7. A cement composition according to claim 4 further comprising color pigments.
8. A cement composition according to any one of claim 1 or claim 2 further comprising at least one fiber selected from the group consisting of metallic material, synthetic material and mineral material.
9. A cement composition according to claim 3 further comprising fiber selected from at least one selected from the group consisting of metallic material, synthetic material and mineral material.
10. A cement composition according to claim 4 further comprising fiber selected from at least one selected from the group consisting of metallic material, synthetic material and mineral material.
11. A cement composition according to claim 5 further comprising fiber selected from at least one selected from the group consisting of metallic material, synthetic material and mineral material.
12. A cement composition according to claim 6 further comprising fiber selected from at least one selected from the group consisting of metallic material, synthetic material and mineral material.
13. A cement composition according to claim 7 further comprising fiber selected from at least one selected from the group consisting of metallic material, synthetic material and mineral material.
I4. A method of preparing a concrete article comprising providing a cement composition according to any of claim 1 or claim 2, and applying at least one selected from the group consisting of pressure and vibration to cement composition thereby forming a concrete article.
15. A method according to claim 14 comprising applying at least one selected from the group consisting of pressure and vibration for 2 to 6 minutes thereby forming a concrete article.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US27238001P | 2001-03-01 | 2001-03-01 | |
| US60/272,380 | 2001-03-01 | ||
| PCT/US2001/028024 WO2002070428A1 (en) | 2001-03-01 | 2001-09-07 | Admixture to improve consolidation of cement composition with low moisture content |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2438149A1 true CA2438149A1 (en) | 2002-09-12 |
Family
ID=23039562
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002438149A Abandoned CA2438149A1 (en) | 2001-03-01 | 2001-09-07 | Admixture to improve consolidation of cement composition with low moisture content |
| CA002441507A Abandoned CA2441507A1 (en) | 2001-03-01 | 2001-09-18 | Admixture to improve rheological property of composition comprising a mixture of hydraulic cement and alumino-silicate mineral admixture |
Family Applications After (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002441507A Abandoned CA2441507A1 (en) | 2001-03-01 | 2001-09-18 | Admixture to improve rheological property of composition comprising a mixture of hydraulic cement and alumino-silicate mineral admixture |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (2) | CA2438149A1 (en) |
| WO (2) | WO2002070428A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101309875A (en) * | 2005-07-29 | 2008-11-19 | 专业复合材料有限责任公司 | Cement-containing composition for use with alkali-resistant fiberglass and poles made therefrom |
Family Cites Families (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4460720A (en) * | 1982-02-17 | 1984-07-17 | W. R. Grace & Co. | Multicomponent concrete superplasticizer |
| JPS63230547A (en) * | 1987-03-20 | 1988-09-27 | 山陽国策パルプ株式会社 | cement additives |
| JP2535170B2 (en) * | 1987-05-15 | 1996-09-18 | 日本製紙株式会社 | Cement dispersant |
| US5180430A (en) * | 1991-10-16 | 1993-01-19 | W.R. Grace & Co.-Conn. | Concrete surface air void reduction admixture |
| JP3262383B2 (en) * | 1992-10-16 | 2002-03-04 | 花王株式会社 | Concrete composition for self-filling |
| JPH06199557A (en) * | 1992-12-18 | 1994-07-19 | Kao Corp | Cement admixture |
| JP3989533B2 (en) * | 1993-09-29 | 2007-10-10 | ダブリユ・アール・グレイス・アンド・カンパニー・コネテイカツト | Improved cement admixture product with improved flow characteristics |
| US5393343A (en) * | 1993-09-29 | 1995-02-28 | W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn. | Cement and cement composition having improved rheological properties |
| GB9505259D0 (en) * | 1995-03-16 | 1995-05-03 | Sandoz Ltd | Improvements in or relating to organic compounds |
| US5665158A (en) * | 1995-07-24 | 1997-09-09 | W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn. | Cement admixture product |
| US5840114A (en) * | 1995-06-21 | 1998-11-24 | W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn. | High early-strength-enhancing admixture for precast hydraulic cement and compositions containing same |
| US5667340A (en) * | 1995-09-05 | 1997-09-16 | Sandoz Ltd. | Cementitious composition for underwater use and a method for placing the composition underwater |
| US5736600A (en) * | 1996-08-07 | 1998-04-07 | W.R. Grace & Co.-Conn. | Mortar admixtures and method of preparing same |
| BR9806913A (en) * | 1997-01-21 | 2000-04-18 | Grace W R & Co | Emulsified composition of comb-type polymer and defoaming agent and production process. |
-
2001
- 2001-09-07 CA CA002438149A patent/CA2438149A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-09-07 WO PCT/US2001/028024 patent/WO2002070428A1/en active Application Filing
- 2001-09-18 WO PCT/US2001/029061 patent/WO2002070426A1/en active Application Filing
- 2001-09-18 CA CA002441507A patent/CA2441507A1/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2002070426A1 (en) | 2002-09-12 |
| CA2441507A1 (en) | 2002-09-12 |
| WO2002070428A1 (en) | 2002-09-12 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FZDE | Discontinued |