CA2409071A1 - Equipment for use in mines and method of use - Google Patents
Equipment for use in mines and method of use Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2409071A1 CA2409071A1 CA002409071A CA2409071A CA2409071A1 CA 2409071 A1 CA2409071 A1 CA 2409071A1 CA 002409071 A CA002409071 A CA 002409071A CA 2409071 A CA2409071 A CA 2409071A CA 2409071 A1 CA2409071 A1 CA 2409071A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- cartridge
- hole
- tool
- bolt
- skin
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
- E21D20/02—Setting anchoring-bolts with provisions for grouting
- E21D20/025—Grouting with organic components, e.g. resin
- E21D20/026—Cartridges; Grouting charges
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
- E21D20/02—Setting anchoring-bolts with provisions for grouting
- E21D20/025—Grouting with organic components, e.g. resin
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
- E21D21/0093—Accessories
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Dowels (AREA)
- Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
- Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
Abstract
A method for installing a roof bolt in a mine, which method comprises: (i) drilling a hole in the roof of a mine; (ii) inserting a resin cartridge having a skin into the hole; (iii) inserting a bolt into the hole and which comprises employing in the hole a tool having one or more sharp elements and wherein the insertion of the bolt causes the tool to puncture the cartridge and prevent the skin from expanding against the wall of the hole.
Description
EQUIPMENT FOR USE IN MINES AND METHOD OF USE
Field of the Invention This invention relates to equipment for use in mines, more particularly to roof bolts and a method for using same.
Background of the Invention Roof bolts are well known in the mining industry and are extensively employed for consolidating the roof and providing anchoring points and support. Their use involves drilling a hole in the roof of the mine and inserting into the hole a resin filled cartridge. The resin filled cartridges are also well known and comprise a curable resin and a catalyst for the resin contained within a sausage-like skin. In the next step of the 1 o installation a bolt is inserted which pierces the skin and penetrates the resin. The bolt is usually spun to mix the resin and catalyst and, once mixed, the resin cures and sets.
Problem to be solved by the Invention There is a long standing problem in coal mining, particularly when employing small diameter bolts, of a phenomenon called glove fingering. The problem arises when 15 the bolt is inserted into the hole pressurising the cartridge and forcing the skin to the hole wall and then boring a hole through the contents of the cartridge leaving the skin intact. The result is that there is little direct contact of the wall by the resin and hence a less than optimum anchorage.
Previous attempts to solve the problem have involved the use of a thinner skin to ao contain the resin, coarse filler in the cartridge and slash cut bolts.
However these have not generally been successful.
There have also been proposals to improve the mixing of the contents of the cartridge.
For example it has been proposed to:
(i) provide metal coils spiralling around and attached to the roof bolt (ii) provide enlarged cylindrical sections of the roof bolt, for example a tubular sleeve around the bolt itself to decrease the annulus between the bolt and the bore hole in an effort to improve shear mixing when the bolt is spun, (iii) retaining washers and/or clips around the leading portion of the anchor bolt which retains the resin in the upper portion of the bore hole to assist anchorage of the expansion shell and l o (iv) a washer or ferrule crimped on the end of a cable bolt to improve the shear mixing upon insertion.
These earlier proposals are described in United States Patents Nos 4,194,858;
4,516,886; 4,664,561; 4,655,645; 4,704,053; 5,042,961; 5,052,861; 5,076,734;
5,259,703 and 5,378,087.
i5 However none of these earlier proposals addresses the problem of glove fingering mentioned above.
The present invention provides a solution to this problem by the use of a device to puncture the skin of the cartridge and thereby improve the contact between the resin and the wall of the bore hole.
Field of the Invention This invention relates to equipment for use in mines, more particularly to roof bolts and a method for using same.
Background of the Invention Roof bolts are well known in the mining industry and are extensively employed for consolidating the roof and providing anchoring points and support. Their use involves drilling a hole in the roof of the mine and inserting into the hole a resin filled cartridge. The resin filled cartridges are also well known and comprise a curable resin and a catalyst for the resin contained within a sausage-like skin. In the next step of the 1 o installation a bolt is inserted which pierces the skin and penetrates the resin. The bolt is usually spun to mix the resin and catalyst and, once mixed, the resin cures and sets.
Problem to be solved by the Invention There is a long standing problem in coal mining, particularly when employing small diameter bolts, of a phenomenon called glove fingering. The problem arises when 15 the bolt is inserted into the hole pressurising the cartridge and forcing the skin to the hole wall and then boring a hole through the contents of the cartridge leaving the skin intact. The result is that there is little direct contact of the wall by the resin and hence a less than optimum anchorage.
Previous attempts to solve the problem have involved the use of a thinner skin to ao contain the resin, coarse filler in the cartridge and slash cut bolts.
However these have not generally been successful.
There have also been proposals to improve the mixing of the contents of the cartridge.
For example it has been proposed to:
(i) provide metal coils spiralling around and attached to the roof bolt (ii) provide enlarged cylindrical sections of the roof bolt, for example a tubular sleeve around the bolt itself to decrease the annulus between the bolt and the bore hole in an effort to improve shear mixing when the bolt is spun, (iii) retaining washers and/or clips around the leading portion of the anchor bolt which retains the resin in the upper portion of the bore hole to assist anchorage of the expansion shell and l o (iv) a washer or ferrule crimped on the end of a cable bolt to improve the shear mixing upon insertion.
These earlier proposals are described in United States Patents Nos 4,194,858;
4,516,886; 4,664,561; 4,655,645; 4,704,053; 5,042,961; 5,052,861; 5,076,734;
5,259,703 and 5,378,087.
i5 However none of these earlier proposals addresses the problem of glove fingering mentioned above.
The present invention provides a solution to this problem by the use of a device to puncture the skin of the cartridge and thereby improve the contact between the resin and the wall of the bore hole.
2 o Summary of the Invention According to the present invention there is provided a method for installing a roof bolt in a mine which method comprises:
(i) drilling a hole in the roof of a mine (ii) inserting a resin cartridge having a skin into the hole 25 (iii) inserting a bolt into the hole and which comprises employing in the hole a tool having one or more sharp elements and wherein the insertion of the bolt causes the tool to puncture the cartridge and prevent the skin from expanding against the wall of the hole.
According to another aspect of the present invention there is provided an 3 o assembly comprising:
a cartridge and attached to one end thereof a tool having a sharp element which on the application of pressure in the bore hole is capable of puncturing the skin of the cartridge and depressurising the cartridge.
Advantageous Effect of the Invention The use of the invention improves the contact of the resin with the wall of the bore hole and thereby provides an improved anchor.
Brief Description of the Drawings Fig I a is a side view of the tool Fig 1b is a bottom view of the tool Figs 2a, 2b and 2c show the attachment of the tool to the resin cartridge and the insertion of the assembly into a bore hole zo Figs 3a,3b, 3c and 3d show the operation of the tool and the puncturing of the resin cartridge.
Detailed Description of the Invention The term mine in the present specification is intended to include quarries, tunnels and all underground earthworks.
i5 The term roof is intended to include not only an overhead surface but also walls and all surfaces into which anchor bolts are inserted.
According to a further aspect of the present invention there is provided a tool for use with a cartridge to puncture the cartridge said tool comprising a base of suitable size and cross section to be inserted in a bore hole and, extending from the base one or more 2 o sharp elements disposed so that when the tool is located in a bore hole with the base towards the bottom of the hole, the elements project towards the mouth of the hole.
Referring to Figs 1 a and Ib, the tool of total height H comprises a top cylindrical portion 1 of outer diameter D equal to the cartridge diameter and thickness t equal to O.SH, with a 45o chamfer of the upper face 2 to a depth of 0.25t, and a lower face 3 containing 25 eight teeth 4 equally spaced ar 45 degrees about the perimeter of 3. .A
hole 5 of diameter dl=D/2 extends entirely and concentrically through the cylindrical portion 1 and circular channels or flutes 6 each of radius rl=d2/2 run longitudinally along the outer surface of portion 1 at a depth d and equally spaced between the teeth 4. Four rectangular through slots 7 of arc width w and height h are located in portion 1 at a 3 o distance of 0.75t from lower face 3, equally spaced 90 degrees around D.
The teeth are each of length L equal to O.SH and their maximum diameter is at position 8 with a magnitude represented by d2 tapering to a reduced diameter 9 of d3= 0.75d2 at face 3.
Each tooth tapers to a point at the free end 10 from which a flexible finger 1 I of length 1 equal to 0.52D and diameter d4 equal to t/16 extends radially towards the disk centre at an angle of 15 degrees from horizontal towards lower face 3. Circular channels or flutes 12 of radius x2=d212 run longitudinally through the inner surfaces of teeth 4 with their axes parallel to the central axis of cylindrical portion 1 and set in the teeth at a depth of r2 at 8.
. The tool is injection moulded of a hard, durable plastics material such as rhinite or nylon using a multiple stage mould though other materials may be used.
Referring to Figs 2a, 2b and 2c: in use the tool is pressed onto the clip 13 of the z o cartridge 14 bending the fingers 11 of the tool until they clear and wedge against the underside 15 of the clip 13 thereby retaining the tool on the clip (Fig 2b) and allowing the cartridge to be inserted into the borehole 16 in the preferred orientation with the tool end leading (Fig 2c).
During the normal bolting cycle the roof bolt 17 is inserted into the bore hole 16 advancing the cartridge 14 towards the top 18 of the bore hole (Fig 3a). As the bolt insertion continues, the tool element contacts the end of the hole (Fig 3b) whereupon compression of the cartridge between the bolt tip 19 and the teeth 4 of the tool is begun sufficiently to puncture the ball end 20 of the cartridge (Fig 3c). Continued insertion of the bolt serves to implement the flat bolt tip 19 as a plunger to extrude the resin contents a o 2I of the cartridge from the punctured end 20 thus affording annular flow of the resin contents between the cartridge skin 22 and bore hole wall 23 as illustrated in Fig 3d.
(i) drilling a hole in the roof of a mine (ii) inserting a resin cartridge having a skin into the hole 25 (iii) inserting a bolt into the hole and which comprises employing in the hole a tool having one or more sharp elements and wherein the insertion of the bolt causes the tool to puncture the cartridge and prevent the skin from expanding against the wall of the hole.
According to another aspect of the present invention there is provided an 3 o assembly comprising:
a cartridge and attached to one end thereof a tool having a sharp element which on the application of pressure in the bore hole is capable of puncturing the skin of the cartridge and depressurising the cartridge.
Advantageous Effect of the Invention The use of the invention improves the contact of the resin with the wall of the bore hole and thereby provides an improved anchor.
Brief Description of the Drawings Fig I a is a side view of the tool Fig 1b is a bottom view of the tool Figs 2a, 2b and 2c show the attachment of the tool to the resin cartridge and the insertion of the assembly into a bore hole zo Figs 3a,3b, 3c and 3d show the operation of the tool and the puncturing of the resin cartridge.
Detailed Description of the Invention The term mine in the present specification is intended to include quarries, tunnels and all underground earthworks.
i5 The term roof is intended to include not only an overhead surface but also walls and all surfaces into which anchor bolts are inserted.
According to a further aspect of the present invention there is provided a tool for use with a cartridge to puncture the cartridge said tool comprising a base of suitable size and cross section to be inserted in a bore hole and, extending from the base one or more 2 o sharp elements disposed so that when the tool is located in a bore hole with the base towards the bottom of the hole, the elements project towards the mouth of the hole.
Referring to Figs 1 a and Ib, the tool of total height H comprises a top cylindrical portion 1 of outer diameter D equal to the cartridge diameter and thickness t equal to O.SH, with a 45o chamfer of the upper face 2 to a depth of 0.25t, and a lower face 3 containing 25 eight teeth 4 equally spaced ar 45 degrees about the perimeter of 3. .A
hole 5 of diameter dl=D/2 extends entirely and concentrically through the cylindrical portion 1 and circular channels or flutes 6 each of radius rl=d2/2 run longitudinally along the outer surface of portion 1 at a depth d and equally spaced between the teeth 4. Four rectangular through slots 7 of arc width w and height h are located in portion 1 at a 3 o distance of 0.75t from lower face 3, equally spaced 90 degrees around D.
The teeth are each of length L equal to O.SH and their maximum diameter is at position 8 with a magnitude represented by d2 tapering to a reduced diameter 9 of d3= 0.75d2 at face 3.
Each tooth tapers to a point at the free end 10 from which a flexible finger 1 I of length 1 equal to 0.52D and diameter d4 equal to t/16 extends radially towards the disk centre at an angle of 15 degrees from horizontal towards lower face 3. Circular channels or flutes 12 of radius x2=d212 run longitudinally through the inner surfaces of teeth 4 with their axes parallel to the central axis of cylindrical portion 1 and set in the teeth at a depth of r2 at 8.
. The tool is injection moulded of a hard, durable plastics material such as rhinite or nylon using a multiple stage mould though other materials may be used.
Referring to Figs 2a, 2b and 2c: in use the tool is pressed onto the clip 13 of the z o cartridge 14 bending the fingers 11 of the tool until they clear and wedge against the underside 15 of the clip 13 thereby retaining the tool on the clip (Fig 2b) and allowing the cartridge to be inserted into the borehole 16 in the preferred orientation with the tool end leading (Fig 2c).
During the normal bolting cycle the roof bolt 17 is inserted into the bore hole 16 advancing the cartridge 14 towards the top 18 of the bore hole (Fig 3a). As the bolt insertion continues, the tool element contacts the end of the hole (Fig 3b) whereupon compression of the cartridge between the bolt tip 19 and the teeth 4 of the tool is begun sufficiently to puncture the ball end 20 of the cartridge (Fig 3c). Continued insertion of the bolt serves to implement the flat bolt tip 19 as a plunger to extrude the resin contents a o 2I of the cartridge from the punctured end 20 thus affording annular flow of the resin contents between the cartridge skin 22 and bore hole wall 23 as illustrated in Fig 3d.
Claims (8)
1. A method for installing a roof bolt in a mine which method comprises (i) drilling a hole in the roof of a mine (ii) inserting a resin cartridge having a skin into the hole (iii) inserting a bolt into the hole and which comprises employing in the hole a tool having one or more sharp elements and wherein the insertion of the bolt causes the tool to puncture the cartridge and prevent the skin from expanding against the wall of the hole.
2. A method as claimed in claim 1 which comprises inserting the tool into the bore hole prior to the cartridge.
3. A method as claimed in claim 1 which comprises attaching the tool to the leading end of the cartridge prior to insertion in the hole so that the sharp elements point towards the cartridge.
4. A method as claimed in claim 1 which comprises attaching the tool to the tip of the bolt so that the sharp elements point towards the cartridge.
5. An assembly for use in roof bolting said assembly comprising:
a cartridge and attached to one end thereof a tool having a sharp element which on the application of pressure in the bore hole is capable of puncturing the skin of the cartridge and depressurising the cartridge.
a cartridge and attached to one end thereof a tool having a sharp element which on the application of pressure in the bore hole is capable of puncturing the skin of the cartridge and depressurising the cartridge.
6. An assembly as claimed in claim 5 wherein the tool is attached to the clip of the cartridge.
7. An assembly as claimed in claim 5 or 6 wherein the sharp element comprises a plurality of teeth arranged so that when the assembly is inserted into a bore hole the teeth project towards the cartridge.
8. A tool for use with a cartridge to puncture the cartridge said tool comprising:
a base of suitable size and cross section to be inserted in a bore hole and, extending from the base one or more sharp elements disposed so that when the tool is located in a bore hole with the base towards the bottom of the hole, the element projects towards the mouth of the hole.
a base of suitable size and cross section to be inserted in a bore hole and, extending from the base one or more sharp elements disposed so that when the tool is located in a bore hole with the base towards the bottom of the hole, the element projects towards the mouth of the hole.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US20510900P | 2000-05-18 | 2000-05-18 | |
| US60/205,109 | 2000-05-18 | ||
| PCT/GB2001/002215 WO2001088339A1 (en) | 2000-05-18 | 2001-05-17 | Method for setting anchoring bolts in mines |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2409071A1 true CA2409071A1 (en) | 2001-11-22 |
Family
ID=22760827
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002409071A Abandoned CA2409071A1 (en) | 2000-05-18 | 2001-05-17 | Equipment for use in mines and method of use |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1283942A1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2001258562A1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2409071A1 (en) |
| NZ (1) | NZ522585A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2001088339A1 (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA200209323B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA2763179C (en) * | 2009-08-05 | 2014-12-16 | Frank M. Locotos | Tensionable tubular resin anchored tubular bolt and method |
Family Cites Families (21)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR1268624A (en) * | 1960-06-24 | 1961-08-04 | Forges Et Boulonneries Hermant | Advanced anchoring device |
| DE1876513U (en) * | 1963-03-23 | 1963-08-01 | Becorit Grubenausbau Gmbh | EASILY DESTROYABLE CONTAINER FOR A KITTY MASS FOR USE DURING ANCHOR REMOVAL. |
| DE2349659C3 (en) * | 1973-10-03 | 1979-06-13 | Upat Gmbh & Co, 7830 Emmendingen | Auxiliary device for fastening a tie rod |
| US4194858A (en) | 1978-09-25 | 1980-03-25 | The Eastern Company | Mine roof bolt anchor installation |
| DE2941769C2 (en) * | 1979-10-16 | 1985-10-31 | Upat Gmbh & Co, 7830 Emmendingen | Procedure for setting an anchor bolt and anchor bolts |
| GB2073283A (en) * | 1980-02-12 | 1981-10-14 | Deimold R | Rock bolting |
| FR2500053A1 (en) * | 1981-02-13 | 1982-08-20 | Lenoir & Mernier | Anchor bolt for mortar - has metal web grips with catalyst in capsule to improve grip on mortar |
| EP0068227B1 (en) * | 1981-06-19 | 1986-01-29 | UPAT GMBH & CO | Anchor bolt |
| SE8106165L (en) * | 1981-10-19 | 1983-04-20 | Atlas Copco Ab | PROCEDURE FOR MOUNTAIN AND MOUNTAIN |
| FR2522062A1 (en) * | 1982-02-22 | 1983-08-26 | Titanite Explosifs | DEVICE FOR RETAINING A SEALING LOAD IN AN ANCHORING HOLE PRIOR TO THE Sinking of an anchor rod into said hole |
| US4516886A (en) | 1984-05-14 | 1985-05-14 | The Eastern Company | Combined resin-mechanical mine roof support anchor |
| US4655645A (en) | 1984-12-31 | 1987-04-07 | H&S Machine & Supply Co., Inc. | Method and apparatus for anchoring roof bolts |
| US4704053A (en) | 1986-02-03 | 1987-11-03 | H & S Machine & Supply Co., Inc. | Versatile roof bolt assembly |
| US4664561A (en) | 1986-08-12 | 1987-05-12 | The Eastern Co. | Combined resin-mechanical mine roof bolt anchor |
| US5042961A (en) | 1989-06-15 | 1991-08-27 | H & S Machine & Supply Co., Inc. | Roof bolt with helical coil and bail anchor |
| US5051038A (en) * | 1990-04-06 | 1991-09-24 | Ingersoll-Rand Company | Barrier plug for dynamic rock stabilizing fixture |
| US5052861A (en) | 1990-04-16 | 1991-10-01 | H&S Machine & Supply Co., Inc. | Roof bolt with plastic sleeve and mechanical anchor |
| US5076734A (en) | 1990-10-05 | 1991-12-31 | H & S Machine And Supply Co., Inc. | Roof bolt with paddle resin mixer and method for making the same |
| US5378087A (en) | 1991-09-25 | 1995-01-03 | Locotos; Frank M. | Mine roof support apparatus and method |
| US5230589A (en) | 1992-03-23 | 1993-07-27 | Gillespie Harvey D | Mine roof bolt |
| US5544980A (en) * | 1994-04-11 | 1996-08-13 | Seegmiller; Ben L. | Anchor structure |
-
2001
- 2001-05-17 EP EP01931871A patent/EP1283942A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2001-05-17 WO PCT/GB2001/002215 patent/WO2001088339A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2001-05-17 AU AU2001258562A patent/AU2001258562A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-05-17 CA CA002409071A patent/CA2409071A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-05-17 NZ NZ522585A patent/NZ522585A/en unknown
-
2002
- 2002-11-15 ZA ZA200209323A patent/ZA200209323B/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2001088339A8 (en) | 2002-02-28 |
| EP1283942A1 (en) | 2003-02-19 |
| WO2001088339A1 (en) | 2001-11-22 |
| AU2001258562A1 (en) | 2001-11-26 |
| NZ522585A (en) | 2004-07-30 |
| ZA200209323B (en) | 2004-02-25 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FZDE | Discontinued |