CA2292532A1 - Latent heat storage body - Google Patents
Latent heat storage body Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2292532A1 CA2292532A1 CA002292532A CA2292532A CA2292532A1 CA 2292532 A1 CA2292532 A1 CA 2292532A1 CA 002292532 A CA002292532 A CA 002292532A CA 2292532 A CA2292532 A CA 2292532A CA 2292532 A1 CA2292532 A1 CA 2292532A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- heat storage
- latent heat
- storage body
- sheath
- paraffin
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
- C09K5/02—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used
- C09K5/06—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to solid or vice versa
- C09K5/063—Materials absorbing or liberating heat during crystallisation; Heat storage materials
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
- F28D20/02—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat
- F28D20/023—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat the latent heat storage material being enclosed in granular particles or dispersed in a porous, fibrous or cellular structure
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Paints Or Removers (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a latent heat storage body (1) made of a paraffin-based latent heat storage material and comprising an outer envelope (2). The latent heat storage material has a first melting point. In order to obtain an outer envelope that is both easy to fit and at the same time offers sufficient protection, the outer envelope (2) consists of a meltable paraffin-based material with a second melting point which is higher than the first melting point.
Description
Latent heat storaqe body The invention relates to a latent heat storage body having a paraffin-based latent heat storage material and a sheath, the latent heat storage material having a first melting temperature.
Such latent heat storage bodies have already been described in various configurations. Reference may be made, in particular, to German Patent Application 19805028.3, which is not a prior publication. The disclosure content of this patent application is hereby incorporated fully into the disclosure of the present application, also for the purpose of incorporating features of the said application in claims of the present application.
It has been proposed to surround !a latent heat storage body with a sheath made from a plastics film. The latent heat storage body can also be surrounded with a hard plastics shell. However, these types of sheath are not yet satisfactory in every regard. On the one hand, the materials for this are not always insensitive in the way desired, for example with regard to rough handling on a building site. On the other hand, application is associated with certain work steps which are felt to be costly.
Starting from the above-described state of the art, it is the object of the invention to specify a latent heat storage body having a sheath, the sheath being intended, on the one hand, to protect the latent heat storage body adequately and, on the other hand, to be easy to apply.
This object is achieved first and foremost in the case _ 2 _ of the subject-matter of Claim 1, it being provided that the sheath consists of a paraffin-based sheathing material and that the sheathing material is meltable and has a second melting temperature, the second melting temperature being higher than the first melting temperature. According to the invention, a paraffin-based latent heat storage body is proposed which, for its part, once again has a paraffin-based sheath.
Firstly, there is a surprisingly good compatibility of the materials, the material of the latent heat storage body and the sheathing material. Moreover, there is also a high degree of insensitivity. The sheath cannot rupture but can, at most, be locally damaged. The paraffin-based sheathing material is flexible in a certain manner. Moreover, it even has a certain storage effect itself, even when melting does not occur at the transformation temperature of the latent heat storage body itself. It can also be applied in a simple way, for example, by immersing the latent heat storage body in a melt of the sheathing material. On the other hand, the sheathing material can also for example be sprayed on. In a further refinement, it is also preferred for the latent heat storage body to have a structural material and for the sheath to surround the structural material while replicating the structure. For example, the latent heat storage body can have a structural material in the form of a woven fabric, a knitted fabric, of porous wood, foam plastics or the like. The measure of forming the sheath such that the structural material is replicated means therefore that the sheath reproduces the contour of the structural material in the outer region. As an alternative to this, it can also be preferred for the sheath to surround the structural material in a manner which smoothes it out .
This also means that the sheath is applied to the latent heat storage body with a locally differing r thickness, specifically in such a way as substantially to achieve a smoothing over of surface fissures, projecting parts and the like on the structural material. In regard to the melting point of the sheathing material, this is preferred from 70° or more, up to approximately 105°C. It is also particularly preferred for the sheathing material to contain a fraction of Fischer-Tropsch paraffins (FT paraffins). A
particularly smooth surface can be achieved in this way. FT paraffins chiefly comprise normal paraffins.
More than 80$ are normal N-alkanes. The rest are isoalkanes. The chain length is at C30 to approximately C100 for a gradation (solidification point, SP) of approximately 68 to 105°C. It is also possible to use oxidized FT paraffins. The aim of this is, for example, to increase the adhesiveness of the sheath. The solidification point can also thereby be lowered approximately by some 5 K. Furthermore, a fraction of microwaxes can also be provided as an alternative or in addition. Like paraffins, microwaxes are mixtures of various hydrocarbons, but they predominantly contain isoparaffins. Furthermore, a fraction of urea can be included as an alternative or in addition. This is advantageous, in particular, with regard to a fire retardant formulation. Other fire retardant materials can also further be included for this purpose.
Furthermore, it is possible as an alternative or in addition to provide that the sheathing material includes polymers. In particular, these can be polymers crosslinked in air or oxygen, for example. Use may be made here as polymers of, for example, alkyd resin, PVC
copolymers, polyacrylates or PE waxes. The fire retardant means is preferably provided, in particular, only in the sheath, but not also in the rest of the latent heat storage body. The sheath itself can also be of multilayer construction.
Also subject-matter of the invention is a method for producing a latent heat storage body having a paraffin-based latent heat storage material and a sheath surrounding the latter. For this purpose it is preferred to provide that firstly the latent heat storage body itself is produced on a paraffin basis and then, in the cured state of the paraffin-based latent heat storage body, sheathing of the latent heat storage body in a paraffin-based sheathing material of a second, higher melting temperature is undertaken. In a preferred embodiment, it is also provided that after the latent heat storage body has been produced, division of this latent heat storage body into portions is effected, and the portions thus obtained are each in turn separately sheathed with the sheathing material.
In this case, sheathing can_ be- undertaken using the immersion method, or else the spraying method, for example. It is preferred for the sheathing material to include a fraction of FT paraffins and/or a fraction of microwaxes and/or a fraction of urea and/or a fraction of polymers.
The invention is further explained below with reference to the accompanying drawing which, however, represents only an exemplary embodiment. In the drawing:
Figure 1 shows a cross section and partial perspective view of a latent heat storage body provided with a sheaths and Figure 2 shows a representation of a latent heat storage body provided with a sheath.
With reference to Figure 1, initially, a latent heat storage body 1 which is surrounded by a paraffin-based sheath 2 is represented and described. The latent heat r _ 5 _ storage body 1 comprises a structural material 3 and an impregnation of the structural material 3 with accommodation in the interstices or capillary spaces of the structural material 3 of a paraffin-based latent heat storage material. This latent heat storage body 1 has a first melting point of 50°C.
The latent heat storage body 1 is completely surrounded by the sheath 2. The sheath 2 has a second melting point, which is 70°.
The sheathing material consists predominantly, up to 80~, of FT paraffins and, in addition, of a fraction of 10$ polymers and 10$ further paraffins.
In Figure 2, there is shown a latent heat storage body 4 with a sheath 5. The sheath 5--is formed in the same manner as the sheath 2.
With regard to the FT paraffins, use may be made, for example, of the FT paraffins known under the trade designation H1, or of C105 or C80. With regard to -high-melting - microwaxes, use may be made of those available under the trade names OPO 3279, ZWM 095 and OPO 8080. Furthermore, with regard to intermediate paraffins also to be used, it is possible to make use of those available under the trade name OFA 6403. With regard to polymer waxes, it is possible to make use of so-called EVA waxes (ethyl-vinyl acetate waxes). These are also specified by the trade name of Elvax. In addition, there are polyisobutylene waxes. It is also possible to make use of resins - here, in particular, so-called piccolites. Among flameproofing means, use may be made of aluminium hydroxide, magnesium/calcium carbonate/ hydroxide, ammonium polyphosphate and urea.
The following exemplary mixtures may be specified for the sheathing material:
1. 30~ C80, 30~ OPO 3279, 30~ aluminium hydroxide and 10~ polyisobutylene;
Such latent heat storage bodies have already been described in various configurations. Reference may be made, in particular, to German Patent Application 19805028.3, which is not a prior publication. The disclosure content of this patent application is hereby incorporated fully into the disclosure of the present application, also for the purpose of incorporating features of the said application in claims of the present application.
It has been proposed to surround !a latent heat storage body with a sheath made from a plastics film. The latent heat storage body can also be surrounded with a hard plastics shell. However, these types of sheath are not yet satisfactory in every regard. On the one hand, the materials for this are not always insensitive in the way desired, for example with regard to rough handling on a building site. On the other hand, application is associated with certain work steps which are felt to be costly.
Starting from the above-described state of the art, it is the object of the invention to specify a latent heat storage body having a sheath, the sheath being intended, on the one hand, to protect the latent heat storage body adequately and, on the other hand, to be easy to apply.
This object is achieved first and foremost in the case _ 2 _ of the subject-matter of Claim 1, it being provided that the sheath consists of a paraffin-based sheathing material and that the sheathing material is meltable and has a second melting temperature, the second melting temperature being higher than the first melting temperature. According to the invention, a paraffin-based latent heat storage body is proposed which, for its part, once again has a paraffin-based sheath.
Firstly, there is a surprisingly good compatibility of the materials, the material of the latent heat storage body and the sheathing material. Moreover, there is also a high degree of insensitivity. The sheath cannot rupture but can, at most, be locally damaged. The paraffin-based sheathing material is flexible in a certain manner. Moreover, it even has a certain storage effect itself, even when melting does not occur at the transformation temperature of the latent heat storage body itself. It can also be applied in a simple way, for example, by immersing the latent heat storage body in a melt of the sheathing material. On the other hand, the sheathing material can also for example be sprayed on. In a further refinement, it is also preferred for the latent heat storage body to have a structural material and for the sheath to surround the structural material while replicating the structure. For example, the latent heat storage body can have a structural material in the form of a woven fabric, a knitted fabric, of porous wood, foam plastics or the like. The measure of forming the sheath such that the structural material is replicated means therefore that the sheath reproduces the contour of the structural material in the outer region. As an alternative to this, it can also be preferred for the sheath to surround the structural material in a manner which smoothes it out .
This also means that the sheath is applied to the latent heat storage body with a locally differing r thickness, specifically in such a way as substantially to achieve a smoothing over of surface fissures, projecting parts and the like on the structural material. In regard to the melting point of the sheathing material, this is preferred from 70° or more, up to approximately 105°C. It is also particularly preferred for the sheathing material to contain a fraction of Fischer-Tropsch paraffins (FT paraffins). A
particularly smooth surface can be achieved in this way. FT paraffins chiefly comprise normal paraffins.
More than 80$ are normal N-alkanes. The rest are isoalkanes. The chain length is at C30 to approximately C100 for a gradation (solidification point, SP) of approximately 68 to 105°C. It is also possible to use oxidized FT paraffins. The aim of this is, for example, to increase the adhesiveness of the sheath. The solidification point can also thereby be lowered approximately by some 5 K. Furthermore, a fraction of microwaxes can also be provided as an alternative or in addition. Like paraffins, microwaxes are mixtures of various hydrocarbons, but they predominantly contain isoparaffins. Furthermore, a fraction of urea can be included as an alternative or in addition. This is advantageous, in particular, with regard to a fire retardant formulation. Other fire retardant materials can also further be included for this purpose.
Furthermore, it is possible as an alternative or in addition to provide that the sheathing material includes polymers. In particular, these can be polymers crosslinked in air or oxygen, for example. Use may be made here as polymers of, for example, alkyd resin, PVC
copolymers, polyacrylates or PE waxes. The fire retardant means is preferably provided, in particular, only in the sheath, but not also in the rest of the latent heat storage body. The sheath itself can also be of multilayer construction.
Also subject-matter of the invention is a method for producing a latent heat storage body having a paraffin-based latent heat storage material and a sheath surrounding the latter. For this purpose it is preferred to provide that firstly the latent heat storage body itself is produced on a paraffin basis and then, in the cured state of the paraffin-based latent heat storage body, sheathing of the latent heat storage body in a paraffin-based sheathing material of a second, higher melting temperature is undertaken. In a preferred embodiment, it is also provided that after the latent heat storage body has been produced, division of this latent heat storage body into portions is effected, and the portions thus obtained are each in turn separately sheathed with the sheathing material.
In this case, sheathing can_ be- undertaken using the immersion method, or else the spraying method, for example. It is preferred for the sheathing material to include a fraction of FT paraffins and/or a fraction of microwaxes and/or a fraction of urea and/or a fraction of polymers.
The invention is further explained below with reference to the accompanying drawing which, however, represents only an exemplary embodiment. In the drawing:
Figure 1 shows a cross section and partial perspective view of a latent heat storage body provided with a sheaths and Figure 2 shows a representation of a latent heat storage body provided with a sheath.
With reference to Figure 1, initially, a latent heat storage body 1 which is surrounded by a paraffin-based sheath 2 is represented and described. The latent heat r _ 5 _ storage body 1 comprises a structural material 3 and an impregnation of the structural material 3 with accommodation in the interstices or capillary spaces of the structural material 3 of a paraffin-based latent heat storage material. This latent heat storage body 1 has a first melting point of 50°C.
The latent heat storage body 1 is completely surrounded by the sheath 2. The sheath 2 has a second melting point, which is 70°.
The sheathing material consists predominantly, up to 80~, of FT paraffins and, in addition, of a fraction of 10$ polymers and 10$ further paraffins.
In Figure 2, there is shown a latent heat storage body 4 with a sheath 5. The sheath 5--is formed in the same manner as the sheath 2.
With regard to the FT paraffins, use may be made, for example, of the FT paraffins known under the trade designation H1, or of C105 or C80. With regard to -high-melting - microwaxes, use may be made of those available under the trade names OPO 3279, ZWM 095 and OPO 8080. Furthermore, with regard to intermediate paraffins also to be used, it is possible to make use of those available under the trade name OFA 6403. With regard to polymer waxes, it is possible to make use of so-called EVA waxes (ethyl-vinyl acetate waxes). These are also specified by the trade name of Elvax. In addition, there are polyisobutylene waxes. It is also possible to make use of resins - here, in particular, so-called piccolites. Among flameproofing means, use may be made of aluminium hydroxide, magnesium/calcium carbonate/ hydroxide, ammonium polyphosphate and urea.
The following exemplary mixtures may be specified for the sheathing material:
1. 30~ C80, 30~ OPO 3279, 30~ aluminium hydroxide and 10~ polyisobutylene;
2. 80~ OPO, 20~ ammonium polyphosphate 3. 50~ H1, 30~ Elvax 220, 20~ aluminium hydroxide:
and 4. 50$ OFA 6403, 40~ Elvax, 10~ resin piccolites.
All features disclosed are pertinent to the invention.
In the disclosure of the application, the disclosure content of the associated/attached priority documents (copy of the prior application) is hereby also incorporated as to its full content, also for the purpose of incorporating features of these documents into claims of the present application.
and 4. 50$ OFA 6403, 40~ Elvax, 10~ resin piccolites.
All features disclosed are pertinent to the invention.
In the disclosure of the application, the disclosure content of the associated/attached priority documents (copy of the prior application) is hereby also incorporated as to its full content, also for the purpose of incorporating features of these documents into claims of the present application.
Claims (15)
1. Latent heat storage body (1) having a paraffin-based latent heat storage material and a sheath (2), the latent heat storage material having a first melting temperature, characterized in that the sheath (2) consists of a paraffin-based sheathing material, in that the sheathing material is meltable and has a second melting temperature, and in that the second melting temperature is higher than the first melting temperature.
2. Latent heat storage body (1) according to Claim 1, or in particular according thereto, characterized in that the latent heat storage body has a structural material (3) and in that the sheath (2) surrounds the structural material (3) while replicating the structure.
3. Latent heat storage body according to one or more of the preceding claims, or in particular according thereto, characterized in that the sheath (2) surrounds the structural material (3) in a manner which smoothes it out.
4. Latent heat storage body according to one or more of the preceding claims, or in particular according thereto, characterized in that the second melting temperature is 70° or higher.
5. Latent heat storage body according to one or more of the preceding claims, or in particular according thereto, characterized in that the sheathing material contains Fischer-Tropsch paraffins.
6. Latent heat storage body according to one or more of the preceding claims, or in particular according thereto, characterized in that the sheathing material contains microwax.
7. Latent heat storage body according to one or more of the preceding claims, or in particular according thereto, characterized in that the sheathing material contains a fire retardant additive.
8. Latent heat storage body according to one or more of the preceding claims, or in particular according thereto, characterized in that the sheathing material contains urea.
9. Latent heat storage body according to one or more of the preceding claims, or in particular according thereto, characterized in that the sheathing material contains a fraction of polymers.
10. Latent heat storage body according to one or more of the preceding claims, or in particular according thereto, characterized in that the sheathing material is of multilayer construction.
11. Latent heat storage body according to one or more of the preceding claims, or in particular according thereto, characterized in that a fire retardant additive is contained only in the outermost layer of the sheathing material.
12. Method for producing a latent heat storage body having a paraffin-based latent heat storage material and a completely surrounding sheath, the latent heat storage material having a first melting temperature, characterized in that firstly a paraffin-based latent heat storage body is produced, and in that this latent heat storage body is provided with a paraffin-based sheath using the immersion spraying method or the like.
13. Method according to Claim 12, or in particular according thereto, characterized in that after the first latent heat storage body has been produced, a division of this latent heat storage body is carried out and the portions thus obtained are completely sheathed with the paraffin-based sheathing material.
14. Method according to one of Claims 12 or 13, or in particular according thereto, characterized in that the sheathing is performed by immersion.
15. Method according to one of Claims 12 to 14, or in particular according thereto, characterized in that the sheathing is performed using the spraying method.
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19814907.7 | 1998-04-02 | ||
| DE19814907 | 1998-04-02 | ||
| DE19823417A DE19823417A1 (en) | 1998-04-02 | 1998-05-26 | Latent heat storage body |
| DE19823417.1 | 1998-05-26 | ||
| PCT/EP1999/001701 WO1999051928A1 (en) | 1998-04-02 | 1999-03-16 | Latent heat storage body |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2292532A1 true CA2292532A1 (en) | 1999-10-14 |
Family
ID=26045241
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002292532A Abandoned CA2292532A1 (en) | 1998-04-02 | 1999-03-16 | Latent heat storage body |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0986726A1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU3517499A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2292532A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1999051928A1 (en) |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4747240A (en) * | 1981-08-06 | 1988-05-31 | National Gypsum Company | Encapsulated PCM aggregate |
| DE4021492C3 (en) * | 1990-07-05 | 1997-09-04 | Deutsche Forsch Luft Raumfahrt | High-temperature latent heat storage with a storage tank |
| DE4345141A1 (en) * | 1993-12-21 | 1995-06-22 | Akro Verwaltungs Beteiligungs | Self-insulating latent heat store useful for large-scale heating |
-
1999
- 1999-03-16 WO PCT/EP1999/001701 patent/WO1999051928A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1999-03-16 EP EP99916820A patent/EP0986726A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1999-03-16 AU AU35174/99A patent/AU3517499A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1999-03-16 CA CA002292532A patent/CA2292532A1/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0986726A1 (en) | 2000-03-22 |
| WO1999051928A1 (en) | 1999-10-14 |
| AU3517499A (en) | 1999-10-25 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FZDE | Discontinued | ||
| FZDE | Discontinued |
Effective date: 20030317 |