CA2292188A1 - Walking trainer - Google Patents
Walking trainer Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2292188A1 CA2292188A1 CA 2292188 CA2292188A CA2292188A1 CA 2292188 A1 CA2292188 A1 CA 2292188A1 CA 2292188 CA2292188 CA 2292188 CA 2292188 A CA2292188 A CA 2292188A CA 2292188 A1 CA2292188 A1 CA 2292188A1
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- Prior art keywords
- walking trainer
- support means
- user
- knee
- pivot
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F5/00—Orthopaedic methods or devices for non-surgical treatment of bones or joints; Nursing devices ; Anti-rape devices
- A61F5/01—Orthopaedic devices, e.g. long-term immobilising or pressure directing devices for treating broken or deformed bones such as splints, casts or braces
- A61F5/0102—Orthopaedic devices, e.g. long-term immobilising or pressure directing devices for treating broken or deformed bones such as splints, casts or braces specially adapted for correcting deformities of the limbs or for supporting them; Ortheses, e.g. with articulations
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61H—PHYSICAL THERAPY APPARATUS, e.g. DEVICES FOR LOCATING OR STIMULATING REFLEX POINTS IN THE BODY; ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION; MASSAGE; BATHING DEVICES FOR SPECIAL THERAPEUTIC OR HYGIENIC PURPOSES OR SPECIFIC PARTS OF THE BODY
- A61H3/00—Appliances for aiding patients or disabled persons to walk about
- A61H3/04—Wheeled walking aids for patients or disabled persons
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61H—PHYSICAL THERAPY APPARATUS, e.g. DEVICES FOR LOCATING OR STIMULATING REFLEX POINTS IN THE BODY; ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION; MASSAGE; BATHING DEVICES FOR SPECIAL THERAPEUTIC OR HYGIENIC PURPOSES OR SPECIFIC PARTS OF THE BODY
- A61H3/00—Appliances for aiding patients or disabled persons to walk about
- A61H2003/007—Appliances for aiding patients or disabled persons to walk about secured to the patient, e.g. with belts
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
- Nursing (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Pain & Pain Management (AREA)
- Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
- Rehabilitation Therapy (AREA)
- Orthopedics, Nursing, And Contraception (AREA)
- Rehabilitation Tools (AREA)
Abstract
A walking trainer providing pelvic and hinged lower limb orthotic bracing that supports a user's body weight in a good upright posture for standing and walking. The walking trainer includes a mechanism to adjustably assist the user's knees towards extension and a mechanism to prevent hyper-extension to allow an efficient walking pattern. The walker also includes one or more attachable ground-to-lower limb stabilizing arms that are individually adjusted to provide support to the front, rear, or side of the user. The walking trainer includes many adjustment facilities, for example, a mechanism to adjust the distance between the hinges or pivots, a method of easily detaching and replacing the common structural members, and a mechanism to adjust the amount of allowable toe-down rotation of the ankle pivot.
Description
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to a walking trainer for a person who cannot normally stand and walk due to limited supportive lower limb strength and/or limited muscle control.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Of the many children and young people who, through no fault of their own, have failed, or are failing, to learn to walk due to the effects of cerebral palsy, or similar resultant medical condition, it is believed that most have a potential to do so with properly applied physical help.
A common problem that prevents many of those who suffer the effects of cerebral palsy, or a similar resultant condition, from achieving an upright standing posture and walking, is that of excessive and forceful toe-down movement with any attempt to control lower limb movement, and although there exists orthotic bracing with hinged ankles that employ the use of cam stops to adjust the amount of permissible toe-down movement, these are difficult to adjust and invariably work loose under load due to rotational forces acting upon their one screw fixing arrangement.
There are existing walking aids comprising orthotic trunk and hinged lower limb bracing, releasably attached, via the rear portion of the body bracing, to a wheeled frame unit, which keeps the user in an upright posture while standing and executing steps. However, these aids are cumbersome and can only be used upon a continuous smooth ground surface and demand additional effort and skills from the user to move and control the mass of the wheeled frame unit.
There also exists walking aids intended to help the more severely disabled persons, which incorporate orthotic trunk and lower limb bracing, hinged at the hips and knees, and which employ knee locks to fix the user's legs in full extension for 'straight-legged' walking and, when the knee locks are released, will allow the user to sit with flexed knees. However, walking with immobilized knee flection, to prevent the user's lower limbs from folding, is very inefficient and restrictive, and does not provide a capable user with the opportunity to develop independent mobility skills. Furthermore, this kind of aid can usually only be used in conjunction with a separate hand-held supporting frame, tripods, or the like, to assist balance and mobility.
There also exists orthotic bracing with hinged knee joints, which employ the means to urge the user's lower limbs into extension by way of springs, or the like, attached to the bracing and acting about the knee hinges. However, these are not intended to be training aids and, used in conjunction with a hand held supporting frame or the like, these devices employ such means to help the user control descent when sitting from standing and to assist lift when standing from sitting, and keep the user's knees secured in extension to provide support for standing and 'straight-legged' walking.
Although such equipment examples have helped many people onto their feet, the various available means employed to help the user achieve upright mobility is restrictive and over-supportive for those who are capable of making progress with less support and in need of greater freedom to develop the overall skills necessary for independent mobility.
This invention offers the means to provide a person, who cannot normally stand and walk due to limited supportive lower limb strength and/or limited muscle control, with an initial minimum amount of support and control, which is then regulated to be kept appropriate to their ongoing needs, while helping them to stand and take steps, and to make progress with the development of their ability to be independently mobile.
This invention relates to a walking trainer for a person who cannot normally stand and walk due to limited supportive lower limb strength and/or limited muscle control.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Of the many children and young people who, through no fault of their own, have failed, or are failing, to learn to walk due to the effects of cerebral palsy, or similar resultant medical condition, it is believed that most have a potential to do so with properly applied physical help.
A common problem that prevents many of those who suffer the effects of cerebral palsy, or a similar resultant condition, from achieving an upright standing posture and walking, is that of excessive and forceful toe-down movement with any attempt to control lower limb movement, and although there exists orthotic bracing with hinged ankles that employ the use of cam stops to adjust the amount of permissible toe-down movement, these are difficult to adjust and invariably work loose under load due to rotational forces acting upon their one screw fixing arrangement.
There are existing walking aids comprising orthotic trunk and hinged lower limb bracing, releasably attached, via the rear portion of the body bracing, to a wheeled frame unit, which keeps the user in an upright posture while standing and executing steps. However, these aids are cumbersome and can only be used upon a continuous smooth ground surface and demand additional effort and skills from the user to move and control the mass of the wheeled frame unit.
There also exists walking aids intended to help the more severely disabled persons, which incorporate orthotic trunk and lower limb bracing, hinged at the hips and knees, and which employ knee locks to fix the user's legs in full extension for 'straight-legged' walking and, when the knee locks are released, will allow the user to sit with flexed knees. However, walking with immobilized knee flection, to prevent the user's lower limbs from folding, is very inefficient and restrictive, and does not provide a capable user with the opportunity to develop independent mobility skills. Furthermore, this kind of aid can usually only be used in conjunction with a separate hand-held supporting frame, tripods, or the like, to assist balance and mobility.
There also exists orthotic bracing with hinged knee joints, which employ the means to urge the user's lower limbs into extension by way of springs, or the like, attached to the bracing and acting about the knee hinges. However, these are not intended to be training aids and, used in conjunction with a hand held supporting frame or the like, these devices employ such means to help the user control descent when sitting from standing and to assist lift when standing from sitting, and keep the user's knees secured in extension to provide support for standing and 'straight-legged' walking.
Although such equipment examples have helped many people onto their feet, the various available means employed to help the user achieve upright mobility is restrictive and over-supportive for those who are capable of making progress with less support and in need of greater freedom to develop the overall skills necessary for independent mobility.
This invention offers the means to provide a person, who cannot normally stand and walk due to limited supportive lower limb strength and/or limited muscle control, with an initial minimum amount of support and control, which is then regulated to be kept appropriate to their ongoing needs, while helping them to stand and take steps, and to make progress with the development of their ability to be independently mobile.
BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In order to overcome at least most of the problems described above, according to an embodiment of the invention, there is provided a walking trainer, for bracing and supporting a user while the user practices walking, that includes a pelvic support, and, for each leg of the user, an upper support brace, rotatably connected to the pelvic support, a lower support brace, rotatably connected to the upper support brace adjacent to a knee of the user, and a biasing device that biases the lower support brace and the upper support brace to rotate with respect to each other such that the knee of the user is biased toward extension.
In a particular case, the biasing device is a resilient means acting about the rotational connection of the lower support brace and the upper support brace. The resilient means may be a tensioned elastic cord, a metal spring, gas filled activators or the like.
In a particular aspect, the biasing device may include two spaced arms, secured one above and one below of the rotational connection of the lower support brace and the upper support brace, and defining extending portions, each extending forward of the rotational connection of the lower support brace and the upper support brace, and an elastic cord linking the two spaced arms whereby the two spaced arms are pulled towards each other biasing, with a predetermined biasing force, the lower support brace and the upper support brace to rotate with respect to each other such that the knee of the user is biased toward extension.
In order to overcome at least most of the problems described above, according to an embodiment of the invention, there is provided a walking trainer, for bracing and supporting a user while the user practices walking, that includes a pelvic support, and, for each leg of the user, an upper support brace, rotatably connected to the pelvic support, a lower support brace, rotatably connected to the upper support brace adjacent to a knee of the user, and a biasing device that biases the lower support brace and the upper support brace to rotate with respect to each other such that the knee of the user is biased toward extension.
In a particular case, the biasing device is a resilient means acting about the rotational connection of the lower support brace and the upper support brace. The resilient means may be a tensioned elastic cord, a metal spring, gas filled activators or the like.
In a particular aspect, the biasing device may include two spaced arms, secured one above and one below of the rotational connection of the lower support brace and the upper support brace, and defining extending portions, each extending forward of the rotational connection of the lower support brace and the upper support brace, and an elastic cord linking the two spaced arms whereby the two spaced arms are pulled towards each other biasing, with a predetermined biasing force, the lower support brace and the upper support brace to rotate with respect to each other such that the knee of the user is biased toward extension.
Preferably, the walking trainer also includes an adjusting means for adjusting the biasing force, for example, in the particular aspect above, an adjusting means for adjusting the tension of the elastic cord whereby the biasing force can be adjusted.
In particular, in the particular aspect above, the extending portions of the two spaced arms can be formed to have holes therein and the elastic cord is fed through the holes and secured by forming knots in the ends thereof so that adjustment can be performed by lengthening or shortening the amount of elastic cord between the knots. Preferably, the extending portions of the two spaced arms are each formed to have a plurality of holes so that the elastic cord can be fed through the plurality of holes on alternating ones of the two spaced arms and secured by forming knots to allow a greater range of adjustment of the biasing force. Also, if there are a plurality of holes, the elastic cord can be fed through a pair of holes closer to the user's knee to provide a different biasing force than when the elastic cord is fed through a pair of holes further from the user's knee.
According to another embodiment of the invention, there is provided, a walking trainer, for bracing and supporting a user while the user practices walking, including a pelvic support, and, for each leg of the user, an upper support brace, rotatably connected to the pelvic support, a lower support brace, rotatably connected to the upper support brace, and means for stabilizing the lower support brace.
In particular, in the particular aspect above, the extending portions of the two spaced arms can be formed to have holes therein and the elastic cord is fed through the holes and secured by forming knots in the ends thereof so that adjustment can be performed by lengthening or shortening the amount of elastic cord between the knots. Preferably, the extending portions of the two spaced arms are each formed to have a plurality of holes so that the elastic cord can be fed through the plurality of holes on alternating ones of the two spaced arms and secured by forming knots to allow a greater range of adjustment of the biasing force. Also, if there are a plurality of holes, the elastic cord can be fed through a pair of holes closer to the user's knee to provide a different biasing force than when the elastic cord is fed through a pair of holes further from the user's knee.
According to another embodiment of the invention, there is provided, a walking trainer, for bracing and supporting a user while the user practices walking, including a pelvic support, and, for each leg of the user, an upper support brace, rotatably connected to the pelvic support, a lower support brace, rotatably connected to the upper support brace, and means for stabilizing the lower support brace.
In a particular aspect, the means for stabilizing includes one or more stabilizing members, each attached to the lower support brace and extending therefrom for engaging the ground. The stabilizing members support and prevent the user from falling in a direction in which each of the one or more stabilizing members extends. Preferably, the walking trainer includes a means to adjust an effective height of the stabilizing means or stabilizing members. Also preferably, the stabilizing means defines an outermost point at which the stabilizing means is intended to make contact with the ground and the walking trainer further includes means to adjust a distance between the user and the outermost point.
In a further particular case, at least one of the one or more stabilizing members is provided with one or more floor wheels.
In each of the above, the rotatable connection between the pelvic bracing and the upper support brace may define a hip pivot and the rotatable connection between the upper support brace and the lower support brace may define a knee pivot. It is preferable that the hip pivot and the knee pivot are releasably connected with the upper support brace. For example, the upper support brace may include a support rod that is releasably inserted into members provided to each of the hip pivot and the knee pivot. If the walking trainer also includes a foot support brace rotatably connected with the lower support brace and the rotatable connection between the lower support brace and the foot support brace defines an ankle pivot, it is preferable that the knee pivot and the ankle pivot are releasably connected with the lower support brace.
In a further particular case, at least one of the one or more stabilizing members is provided with one or more floor wheels.
In each of the above, the rotatable connection between the pelvic bracing and the upper support brace may define a hip pivot and the rotatable connection between the upper support brace and the lower support brace may define a knee pivot. It is preferable that the hip pivot and the knee pivot are releasably connected with the upper support brace. For example, the upper support brace may include a support rod that is releasably inserted into members provided to each of the hip pivot and the knee pivot. If the walking trainer also includes a foot support brace rotatably connected with the lower support brace and the rotatable connection between the lower support brace and the foot support brace defines an ankle pivot, it is preferable that the knee pivot and the ankle pivot are releasably connected with the lower support brace.
According to another embodiment of the invention, there is provided, a walking trainer, for bracing and supporting a user while the user practices walking, including a pelvic support, and, for each leg of the user, an upper support brace, rotatably connected to the pelvic support, a lower support brace, rotatably connected to the upper support brace adjacent to a knee of the user, and means for limiting rotation of the lower support brace with respect to the upper support brace to prevent rotation beyond a predetermined angle to prevent over extension of the knee of the user.
In a particular case, the limiting means may be a non-elastic member acting about the rotational connection between the upper support brace and the lower support brace.
In a particular aspect, the limiting means may include two spaced arms, provided one above and one below the rotational connection of the upper support brace and the lower support brace and formed to have rearward extending portions extending to the rear of the rotational connection of the upper support brace and the lower support brace and a non-elastic member provided between the rearward extending portions of the two spaced arms.
In a particular case of this aspect, at least one of the two spaced arms is movable in a direction away from the rotational connection of the upper support brace and the lower support brace to allow adjustment of the limiting means.
In any of the above, the walking trainer may include an ankle pivot connected to the lower support brace, a foot support brace connected to the ankle pivot such that the foot support brace is rotatable about the ankle pivot, and means for limiting rotation of the foot support brace about the ankle pivot in order to prevent a foot of the user entering an excessive toe-down orientation.
In a particular case, the means for limiting rotation of the foot support brace includes a protrusion provided on the foot support brace and an adjustable stopper provided on the lower support brace, such that excessive rotation in a toe-down direction causes the protrusion to abut the adjustable stopper and limit rotation. Preferably, adjustment of the adjustable stopper provides an increase or decrease in the amount of rotation allowed.
The various features of novelty which characterize the invention are pointed out with more particularity in the claims annexed to and forming a part of this disclosure. For a better understanding of the invention, its operating advantages and specific objects attained by its use, reference should be made to the accompanying drawings and descriptive matter in which there are illustrated and described preferred embodiments of the invention.
_8_ IN THE DRAWINGS
Figure 1 shows a walking trainer according to an embodiment of the invention as applied to the lower limbs of a user of the walking trainer;
Figure 2 shows a top view of a pelvic bracing portion of the walking trainer of Figure 1;
Figure 3 shows a right side view of a pelvic bracing portion;
Figure 4 shows a part section view of a hip pivot of the pelvic bracing portion;
Figure 5 shows a view of a pelvic width adjusting arrangement;
Figure 6 shows a side view of a knee bracing portion;
Figure 7 shows a front view of the knee bracing portion;
Figure 8 shows a side view of an ankle pivot;
Figure 9 shows a rear view of the ankle pivot;
Figure 10 shows a side view of a stabilizer attaching block;
Figure 11 shows a top view of the stabilizer attaching block;
Figure 12 shows a front view of a stabilizer wheel arrangement;
Figure 13 shows a side view of the stabilizer wheel arrangement with near wheel removed for easier understanding;
Figure 14 shows an enlarged sectioned view of the knee pivot;
Figure 15 shows a side view of a connection between a connecting rod and the knee pivot;
Figure 16 shows a top view of a calf trough;
_g_ Figure 17 shows a front view of front and side stabilizing arms; and Figure 18 shows a front view of a side stabilizing arm and wheel.
-io-DESCRIPTION OF A SPECIFIC EMBODIMENT
A walking trainer according to an embodiment of the invention is described with reference to Figures 1 through 18.
Figure 1 shows a walking trainer 100 as applied to the lower limbs of a user U. The walking trainer 100 includes a pelvic bracing portion 103, a knee bracing portion 105 connected to the pelvic bracing portion 103, and a foot portion 107 connected to the knee bracing portion 105.
As shown in Figure 2, the pelvic bracing portion 103 includes pelvic arms 3 that are movably attached to a pelvic plate 4 by a clamp plate 2 and screws 1.
The pelvic plate 4 is provided with an orthotic foam pad 5 to provide protection and comfort for the user U.
As shown in Figure 5, the pelvic bracing portion 103 is adjustable to fit closely, but not securely, across the width of the user's pelvis by releasing the screws 1 and sliding the pelvic arm 3 within a locating slot 109 of the pelvic plate 4. Any adjustment would usually be shared equally to both sides of the pelvic bracing portion 103. The arrangement is then secured by tightening screws 1 which clamp the pelvic arm 3 between the pelvic plate 4 and the clamp plate 2.
Referring to Figure 4, the pelvic bracing portion 103 also includes a hip plate 7. The hip plate 7 is located between needle thrust bearings 8 and 9 with minimum side-play, such that the hip plate 7 is free to swing upon a bush 11 defining a hip hinge or pivot. A headed spindle 10 passes through the bush 11 securing the hip plate 7 to the pelvic arm 3 and to a hip disc 12 that is provided -il-to the pelvic arm 3. The hip disc 12 is provided with an orthotic foam pad 6 to provide protection and comfort for the user U.
Although the description below generally refers to a portion of the walking trainer fitted to a right leg of the user U, the same detail also applies to a portion fitted to a left leg of the user U.
Referring to Figure 3, the hip plate 7 extends downward from the pelvic arm 3. A connecting member 13 is provided extending further downward from the hip plate 7. In this example, the connecting member 13 is formed of square section steel. The connecting member 13 slides into a locating slot 111 of the hip plate 7. The locating slot 111 is slightly shallower than the thickness of the connecting member 13 so that the connecting member 13 can be secured to the hip plate 7 by tightening four screws 14, which clamp the connecting member 13 between the hip plate 7 and clamp plates 15 and 16.
The distance between the pelvic bracing portion 103 and the knee bracing portion 105 can be adjusted, with the user U in the walking trainer 100, by slackening the four screws 14 sufficiently to allow the connecting member 13 to slide to the desired position within the locating slot 111 of the hip plate 7, and then re-tightening the four screws 14 to secure the connecting member 13.
In this embodiment, the means for adjusting the distance between the pelvic bracing portion 103 and the knee bracing portion 105 is achieved as described above, however, a similar arrangement, incorporating an elongated and vertically slotted knee adjustment plate (note shown) extending upwards and into which the connecting member 13 could similarly be positioned and releasably secured, could be used. Further, if a greater amount of adjustment is desired, both arrangements could be incorporated into the walking trainer 100.
As shown in Figure 1, the connecting member 13 extends downward to the knee bracing position 105. Referring to Figure 14, the knee bracing portion 105 includes a knee plate 17 located between needle thrust bearings 18 and 19 with a minimum of side-play. The knee plate 17 is free to swing upon the spindle of a knee spigot 20 defining a knee hinge or pivot, and is retained upon the knee spigot 20 with a screw 21. The screw 21 is fitted with a washer 22 and secured, with a commercially available thread securing adhesive (not shown), into a threaded through hole 113 of the knee spigot 20.
Referring to Figures 7 and 15, the connecting member 13 is secured into a locating slot 115 of the knee spigot 20 by tightening two screws 23 which clamp the connecting member 13 between the knee spigot 20 and a clamp plate 24.
This arrangement, together with the fact that connecting member 13 is made of readily-available bar stock which requires no fashioning other than being cut to the required length and having any sharp edges and corners removed, provides the means to quickly, easily and economically replace the connecting member 13. For example, a longer connecting member 13 may be needed if the user U outgrows the available adjustment. Thus, the knee and hip hinges may continue in service, eliminating the costly and inefficient traditional practices of either having to replace hinges permanently secured to structural connecting members, or having to fashion the end of a replacement structural connecting member to make it fit into or onto a more complex securing arrangement.
Although, in this example, the connecting member 13 is made of square section steel bar stock, a rod made of an alternative material, such as an alloy or composite material for example, could be employed.
Referring to Figure 7, the connecting member 13 is also connected with a clamp boss 26. The connecting member 13 is slid into a slot 117 of the clamp boss 26 and held in place by two screws 27 provided on an upper extender arm 25. The upper extender arm 25 can be fixed at a desired height in relation to the connecting member 13 by sliding the clamp boss 26 and the upper extender arm 25 along the connecting member 13 and tightening the two screws 27.
Referring to Figures 6, 7 and 16, the knee plate 17 is also slidably connected to a lower extender arm 30. The knee plate 17 is sandwiched between the lower extender arm 30 and a calf trough block 28. The knee plate 17 is slidably positioned in a slot 119 of the calf trough block 28 and is secured by tightening two screws 29 which clamp the knee plate 17 between the calf trough block 28 and the lower extender arm 30. A second deeper but narrow slot 121 formed in the calf trough block 28 provides clearance for the connecting member 33.
A calf trough 31 is secured to the calf trough block 28 with two counter sunk screws 32. An inner surface 123 of the calf trough is provided with an orthotic foam pad 34. The user's calf is secured into the calf trough 31 by a strap 35 and a fastening buckle 64.
Referring to Figures 1 and 7, the knee plate 17 is set at an angle in order to provide an automatic setting of a distance between an inner face of the knee spigot 20 and the user's knee when the height of the calf trough 31 is adjusted relative to the knee spigot 20, according to the size of the user U. For example, the calf trough 31 would be positioned vertically closer to the knee spigot 20 to accommodate a smaller user and therefore the lateral distance between the knee spigot 20 and the user's knee would also be smaller.
Referring to Figure 1, the knee bracing portion 105 is connected to the foot bracing portion 107 by a lower connecting member 33. As shown in Figure 7, the lower connecting member 33 locates into a shallow slot 125 formed on an inside face 127 of the knee plate 17 and is secured into the shallow slot 125 by tightening four screws 35 to clamp the lower connecting member 33 between the knee plate 17 and a vertical locating slot 129 of a clamp plate 34. The combined depth of the shallow slot 125 and the locating slot 129 is less than the thickness of connecting member 33 such that by releasing the screws 35 and vertically sliding the lower connecting member 33, the lower connecting member 33 can be moved to a desired location relative to the knee plate 17 and then be clamped by re-tightening the screws 35.
The above arrangement provides a means to safely adjust the distance between the knee bracing portion 105 and the foot bracing portion 107 while the user U is standing within the walking trainer 100.
In this embodiment, the means for adjusting the distance between the knee bracing portion 105 and the foot bracing portion 107 is as described above, however, a similar arrangement incorporating an elongated and slotted ankle member (not shown) extending upwards into which the lower connecting member 33 could similarly be positioned and releasably secured, could be used.
Further, if a greater amount of adjustment was required, both arrangements could be incorporated into the walking trainer 100.
Referring to Figure 6, the knee bracing portion 105 includes an elastic shock cord 36 to assist the user U to achieve knee extension and support body weight. Other arrangements incorporating steel springs (not shown) or gas filled activators (not shown), generally referred to as gas struts, or the like could also be employed in place of the elastic shock cord 36 to assist the user U to achieve knee extension and support body-weight.
The elastic shock cord 36 is threaded through a predetermined number of a plurality of holes 131 provided on upper and lower extender arms 25 and 30.
The elastic shock cord 36 is tensioned just sufficiently to urge the knee bracing portion 105 towards extension so that, when combined with the user's knee extension ability, the user U is not only able to support body-weight using both lower limbs for standing, but is able to support body-weight with alternate lower limbs in order to execute an efficient gait with a flexing knee and swing through of the unloaded limb. Once the required tension is set, the shock cord 36 can be set with a simple knot 133 to prevent it from sliding back through the holes 131.
The above arrangement provides a means to modify the characteristics of the assistance provided to the user U in knee extension and supporting body-weight. For example, a single strand of shock cord 36, tensioned between the outer-most holes 131 a of the holes 131 on the upper and lower extender arms 25 and 30, would have to stretch more per degree of knee flection than a single strand tensioned between the inner-most holes 131 b, the latter therefore allowing more knee flection per unit of force urging the knee towards extension.
The number of times the tensioned shock cord 36 passes between the upper and lower extender arms 25 and 30 also affects the characteristics of the assistance being provided. Under a consistent tension, the greater the number of passes of the shock cord 36 between the upper and lower extender arms 25 and 30, the greater the force urging the knee towards extension, which, together with the means to adjust the overall tension of the shock cord 36 and its positioning upon the upper and lower extender arms 25 and 30, offers a means to provide and maintain assistance that is in harmony with the user's initial and ongoing needs as they progress towards independent mobility.
By employing the above simple and economical arrangement, the minimum amount of assistance, having the required characteristics, can be easily provided to accommodate the differing needs of each of the user's lower -m-limbs and in so doing help the individual user to achieve symmetry in standing balance and gait. The assistance applied to the knees also keeps the pelvic bracing portion 103 in situ, thus eliminating the need for a securing front waist strap which would restrict pelvic movement.
Referring to Figure 6, in this example, a high tensile strength, non-stretch cord 37 is positioned between rear holes 135 provided on the upper and lower extender arms 25 and 30 to prevent hyper extension of the user's knees and of the knee bracing portion 105 when the user U is out of the device. Each end of the cord 37 is terminated with a simple knot (not shown) to prevent it from sliding out of the rear holes 135. Any adjustment to make the cord 37 check extension of the knee at a desired angle can be achieved by releasing the screws 27, sliding the upper extender arm 25 to a desired position and re-securing. In practice, any adjustment would usually be conducted prior to tensioning the shock cord 36.
Although, in this example, a high strength, non-stretch cord 37 is used to prevent hyper extension of the knees, alternative high tensile strength, non-stretch flexible components could be used, for example, a multi-stranded steel cable, webbing or link chain (all not shown).
As shown in Figure 1, the lower connecting member 33 connects to the foot bracing portion 107. Referring to Figures 8 and 9, the lower connecting member 33 is secured into a locating slot 137 of an ankle spigot 34 which is slightly shallower than the thickness of the lower connecting member 33 to allow -i8-the tightening of two screws 35 to clamp the lower connecting member 33 between the ankle spigot 34 and a clamp plate 62.
This arrangement, together with the fact that connecting member 33 is made of readily-available bar stock which requires no fashioning other than being cut to the required length and any sharp edges and corners removed, provides the means to quickly, easily and economically replace the lower connecting member 33. For example, a longer member (not shown) may be needed if the user U outgrows the available adjustment. Thus, the ankle and knee hinges may continue in service, eliminating the costly and inefficient traditional practices of either having to replace hinges permanently secured to structural connecting members, or having to fashion the end of a replacement structural connecting member to make it fit into or onto a more complex securing arrangement.
Although, in this example, the lower connecting member 33 is made of square section steel bar stock, a rod having a different shape or made of an alternative material, such as an alloy or composite material for example, could be employed.
As shown in Figure 9, a foot plate 63 is located between hardened bearing washers 38 and 39 with a minimum amount of side play, and is free swinging upon a spindle 139 of the ankle spigot 34 defining an ankle hinge or pivot. Although there are various existing methods that could be employed for attaching the foot plate 63 to the user's footwear, such as stirrup bar with releasable welt clamps arrangements (not shown), in this example, as shown in Figure 1, the lower end of foot plate 63 is formed so as to locate into a heel socket 141 of the user's footwear, using existing orthotic practices.
Referring to Figures 8 and 9, the upper end of the foot plate 63 is fashioned to carry an ankle stop 40. The ankle stop 40 prevents any excessive toe-down movement. The smaller diameter of the ankle stop 40 is secured into a cross hole 143 of the foot plate 63 by riveting its end. A vertical slot 145 of an ankle stop clamp 41 locates onto the lower connecting member 33 and is secured in the desired position by tightening two screws 42, which clamp the lower connecting member 33 between the ankle stop clamp 41 and a clamp plate 43.
The foot plate 63 is able to rotate upon the spindle of the ankle spigot 34 to allow toe-up and toe-down movement of the user's foot about the ankle. The amount of toe-down movement is limited by the ankle stop 40 making contact with the ankle stop clamp 41. Since the position of the ankle stop clamp 41 on the lower connecting member 33 can be adjusted by releasing screws 42, to accurately adjust the toe-down stop position to best suit the needs of the user U.
The screws 42 are then re-tightened to reliably secure the setting.
Referring to Figures 1 and 17, attachable stabilizing arms 44, 45 and 49 are provided for engaging the floor or ground to help prevent the user U from falling over while developing standing balance and walking skills. Depending upon the ability and needs of the user U, one or more of the stabilizing arms 44, 45, and/or 49, may be selected and attached to each lower connecting member 33, to provide support to the front, and/or to the rear and/or to the side of the user U.
Each stabilizing arm 44, 45, and 49, is independently adjustable to offer the user U the desired amount of stability in each direction. Continuous stability can be provided by having each stabilizing arm 44, 45, and 49 in contact with the ground, or safety stabilization can be provided by having any individual stabilizing arm 44, 45, and 49 adjusted to be clear of the ground so as to only be effective in halting a fall in the given direction.
The stabilizing arms 44, 45, and 49 could also be made from an alternative material. In this embodiment, the stabilizing arms 44, 45, and 49 are made from a square section steel having a property such that the stabilizing arms 44, 45, and 49 bend slightly under a working load and return to a manufactured profile when the load is removed. This allows the stabilizing arms 44, 45, and 49 to sit firmly on the ground for a new user U and yet still allow the user U sufficient movement to start developing balance and stepping skills.
The 'recoil' effect of the stabilizing arms 44, 45, and 49 tending to help push the user U back to upright in the event of user U leans too excessively in any direction.
Referring to Figures 10 and 11, the upper ends 147 of the stabilizing arms 44, 45, and 49 are attached to the lower connecting member 33 by securing into relative locating slots 149 of a clamping block 46. The stabilizing arms 44, and 49, are clamped between the clamping block 46 and clamp plates 48 by tightening screws 47. The clamping block 46 is secured onto the lower connecting member 33 by the same method.
The above arrangement allows the height of the individual stabilizing arms 44, 45 and 49 to be adjusted by releasing the appropriate screws 47, sliding the stabilizing arms 44, 45, and 49, to the desired location within the clamping block 46 and re-securing the screws 47. The height of the clamping block 46 can also be adjusted upon the lower connecting member 33 by the same method, allowing equal height adjustment to be made to all the stabilizing arms 44, 45, and 49 attached without losing the positional relationship for each. This allows, for example, all stabilizing arms 44, 45, and 49 to be quickly adjusted higher for an assessment of the user's progress and either returned to the original setting, or to a new height without disturbing the positional relationship between each.
As shown in Figures12, 13 and 18, in this embodiment, lower portions 151 of the stabilizing arms 44, 45, and 49 are provided with forward rolling rubber-tired wheels 57, 58 to help the user move any of the stabilizing arms 44, 45, and 49 that contact the ground forward while walking. For the stabilizing arm 49, a single wheel 58 is used. For the stabilizing arms 44 and 45, although an arrangement incorporating a single wheel 58 could be used, two wheels 57 are employed to distribute any downward forces to either side of the relevant stabilizing arms 44, 45. The lower portions 151 of the stabilizing arms 44, 45, and 49 could alternatively be fitted with alternative ground contacting members (not shown) such as, for example, floor pads (not shown) or feet (not shown) or the like, incorporating rubber or a hard-wearing material with low frictional properties or the like, or be fitted with swivel type castors (not shown) or the like, or use could be made of stabilizing arms (not shown) having differing arrangements at their lower ends, for example, having castors fitted to a rear stabilizing arm and rubber pads to a front stabilizing arm.
Referring to Figures 12 and 13, the lower portion 151 of each of the stabilizing arms 44 and 45 is parallel to the ground and is fitted with a wheel block 50 which can be positioned at any desired location along this lower portion 1531. The wheel block 50 is clamped onto the relative stabilizing arms 44 and 45 by tightening two screws 52 onto a clamp plate 51.
A spindle 54 is press-fit into a cross hole 153 of the wheel block 50 and protrudes by an equal amount at each side of the wheel block 50. The spindle 54 is fitted with a wheel 57 on each side of the wheel block 50. Each wheel 57 is free to rotate between washers 53 and 56, and retained by a screw 55.
By adjusting the position of the wheel blocks 50 upon the stabilizing arms 44 and 45, the distance between the user U and the wheels 57 can be adjusted depending on the stage of the user's progress. Other ground contacting members (not shown) could be similarly arranged to be positioned and secured at any point along the lower portion 151 of the stabilizing arms 44 and 45.
Referring to Figures 1 and 18, the lower portion 151 of the stabilizing arm 49 is proved with a round spindle 155 and is formed to be parallel to the ground.
The wheel 58 is located between washers 59 and 60 and is free to rotate upon the spindle 155 of the stabilizing arm 49. The wheel 58 is retained by a screw 61.
The required number and arrangement of the stabilizing arms is dependent upon the individual user's initial and ongoing capabilities and needs.
Initially, the required stabilizing arms are attached and adjusted to provide the necessary safe support for the user U to attain and maintain a good upright standing posture from which the user U can execute steps. The ongoing aim is then to gradually retract, inwards and/or upwards, and eventually remove those stabilizing arms when no longer required as the user's standing balance and walking skills develop, rather like the process of a child learning to ride a bicycle fitted with stabilizers.
The rate at which the support provided can be reduced is equal to the user's progress with self support. The user would have their progress periodically assessed and the provided support reduced accordingly. For most users it will be important to conduct such assessments frequently to enable support to be reduced in small amounts, rather than allowing a user to incorporate an increasing excess of provided support into their walking pattern to the point where they become reliant upon such.
Although a new user would most likely commence making use of the walking trainer 100 upon a smooth floor, once sufficiently competent with the walking trainer 100, the ability to lift the foot and fitted stabilizing arms clear of the ground for a proper swing-through gait, makes it possible for the user to walk upon more irregular and broken surfaces.
The foregoing is a description of a preferred embodiment of the invention which is given here by way of example. The invention is not to be taken as limited to any of the specific features as described, but comprehends all such variations thereof as come within the scope of the appended claims.
In a particular case, the limiting means may be a non-elastic member acting about the rotational connection between the upper support brace and the lower support brace.
In a particular aspect, the limiting means may include two spaced arms, provided one above and one below the rotational connection of the upper support brace and the lower support brace and formed to have rearward extending portions extending to the rear of the rotational connection of the upper support brace and the lower support brace and a non-elastic member provided between the rearward extending portions of the two spaced arms.
In a particular case of this aspect, at least one of the two spaced arms is movable in a direction away from the rotational connection of the upper support brace and the lower support brace to allow adjustment of the limiting means.
In any of the above, the walking trainer may include an ankle pivot connected to the lower support brace, a foot support brace connected to the ankle pivot such that the foot support brace is rotatable about the ankle pivot, and means for limiting rotation of the foot support brace about the ankle pivot in order to prevent a foot of the user entering an excessive toe-down orientation.
In a particular case, the means for limiting rotation of the foot support brace includes a protrusion provided on the foot support brace and an adjustable stopper provided on the lower support brace, such that excessive rotation in a toe-down direction causes the protrusion to abut the adjustable stopper and limit rotation. Preferably, adjustment of the adjustable stopper provides an increase or decrease in the amount of rotation allowed.
The various features of novelty which characterize the invention are pointed out with more particularity in the claims annexed to and forming a part of this disclosure. For a better understanding of the invention, its operating advantages and specific objects attained by its use, reference should be made to the accompanying drawings and descriptive matter in which there are illustrated and described preferred embodiments of the invention.
_8_ IN THE DRAWINGS
Figure 1 shows a walking trainer according to an embodiment of the invention as applied to the lower limbs of a user of the walking trainer;
Figure 2 shows a top view of a pelvic bracing portion of the walking trainer of Figure 1;
Figure 3 shows a right side view of a pelvic bracing portion;
Figure 4 shows a part section view of a hip pivot of the pelvic bracing portion;
Figure 5 shows a view of a pelvic width adjusting arrangement;
Figure 6 shows a side view of a knee bracing portion;
Figure 7 shows a front view of the knee bracing portion;
Figure 8 shows a side view of an ankle pivot;
Figure 9 shows a rear view of the ankle pivot;
Figure 10 shows a side view of a stabilizer attaching block;
Figure 11 shows a top view of the stabilizer attaching block;
Figure 12 shows a front view of a stabilizer wheel arrangement;
Figure 13 shows a side view of the stabilizer wheel arrangement with near wheel removed for easier understanding;
Figure 14 shows an enlarged sectioned view of the knee pivot;
Figure 15 shows a side view of a connection between a connecting rod and the knee pivot;
Figure 16 shows a top view of a calf trough;
_g_ Figure 17 shows a front view of front and side stabilizing arms; and Figure 18 shows a front view of a side stabilizing arm and wheel.
-io-DESCRIPTION OF A SPECIFIC EMBODIMENT
A walking trainer according to an embodiment of the invention is described with reference to Figures 1 through 18.
Figure 1 shows a walking trainer 100 as applied to the lower limbs of a user U. The walking trainer 100 includes a pelvic bracing portion 103, a knee bracing portion 105 connected to the pelvic bracing portion 103, and a foot portion 107 connected to the knee bracing portion 105.
As shown in Figure 2, the pelvic bracing portion 103 includes pelvic arms 3 that are movably attached to a pelvic plate 4 by a clamp plate 2 and screws 1.
The pelvic plate 4 is provided with an orthotic foam pad 5 to provide protection and comfort for the user U.
As shown in Figure 5, the pelvic bracing portion 103 is adjustable to fit closely, but not securely, across the width of the user's pelvis by releasing the screws 1 and sliding the pelvic arm 3 within a locating slot 109 of the pelvic plate 4. Any adjustment would usually be shared equally to both sides of the pelvic bracing portion 103. The arrangement is then secured by tightening screws 1 which clamp the pelvic arm 3 between the pelvic plate 4 and the clamp plate 2.
Referring to Figure 4, the pelvic bracing portion 103 also includes a hip plate 7. The hip plate 7 is located between needle thrust bearings 8 and 9 with minimum side-play, such that the hip plate 7 is free to swing upon a bush 11 defining a hip hinge or pivot. A headed spindle 10 passes through the bush 11 securing the hip plate 7 to the pelvic arm 3 and to a hip disc 12 that is provided -il-to the pelvic arm 3. The hip disc 12 is provided with an orthotic foam pad 6 to provide protection and comfort for the user U.
Although the description below generally refers to a portion of the walking trainer fitted to a right leg of the user U, the same detail also applies to a portion fitted to a left leg of the user U.
Referring to Figure 3, the hip plate 7 extends downward from the pelvic arm 3. A connecting member 13 is provided extending further downward from the hip plate 7. In this example, the connecting member 13 is formed of square section steel. The connecting member 13 slides into a locating slot 111 of the hip plate 7. The locating slot 111 is slightly shallower than the thickness of the connecting member 13 so that the connecting member 13 can be secured to the hip plate 7 by tightening four screws 14, which clamp the connecting member 13 between the hip plate 7 and clamp plates 15 and 16.
The distance between the pelvic bracing portion 103 and the knee bracing portion 105 can be adjusted, with the user U in the walking trainer 100, by slackening the four screws 14 sufficiently to allow the connecting member 13 to slide to the desired position within the locating slot 111 of the hip plate 7, and then re-tightening the four screws 14 to secure the connecting member 13.
In this embodiment, the means for adjusting the distance between the pelvic bracing portion 103 and the knee bracing portion 105 is achieved as described above, however, a similar arrangement, incorporating an elongated and vertically slotted knee adjustment plate (note shown) extending upwards and into which the connecting member 13 could similarly be positioned and releasably secured, could be used. Further, if a greater amount of adjustment is desired, both arrangements could be incorporated into the walking trainer 100.
As shown in Figure 1, the connecting member 13 extends downward to the knee bracing position 105. Referring to Figure 14, the knee bracing portion 105 includes a knee plate 17 located between needle thrust bearings 18 and 19 with a minimum of side-play. The knee plate 17 is free to swing upon the spindle of a knee spigot 20 defining a knee hinge or pivot, and is retained upon the knee spigot 20 with a screw 21. The screw 21 is fitted with a washer 22 and secured, with a commercially available thread securing adhesive (not shown), into a threaded through hole 113 of the knee spigot 20.
Referring to Figures 7 and 15, the connecting member 13 is secured into a locating slot 115 of the knee spigot 20 by tightening two screws 23 which clamp the connecting member 13 between the knee spigot 20 and a clamp plate 24.
This arrangement, together with the fact that connecting member 13 is made of readily-available bar stock which requires no fashioning other than being cut to the required length and having any sharp edges and corners removed, provides the means to quickly, easily and economically replace the connecting member 13. For example, a longer connecting member 13 may be needed if the user U outgrows the available adjustment. Thus, the knee and hip hinges may continue in service, eliminating the costly and inefficient traditional practices of either having to replace hinges permanently secured to structural connecting members, or having to fashion the end of a replacement structural connecting member to make it fit into or onto a more complex securing arrangement.
Although, in this example, the connecting member 13 is made of square section steel bar stock, a rod made of an alternative material, such as an alloy or composite material for example, could be employed.
Referring to Figure 7, the connecting member 13 is also connected with a clamp boss 26. The connecting member 13 is slid into a slot 117 of the clamp boss 26 and held in place by two screws 27 provided on an upper extender arm 25. The upper extender arm 25 can be fixed at a desired height in relation to the connecting member 13 by sliding the clamp boss 26 and the upper extender arm 25 along the connecting member 13 and tightening the two screws 27.
Referring to Figures 6, 7 and 16, the knee plate 17 is also slidably connected to a lower extender arm 30. The knee plate 17 is sandwiched between the lower extender arm 30 and a calf trough block 28. The knee plate 17 is slidably positioned in a slot 119 of the calf trough block 28 and is secured by tightening two screws 29 which clamp the knee plate 17 between the calf trough block 28 and the lower extender arm 30. A second deeper but narrow slot 121 formed in the calf trough block 28 provides clearance for the connecting member 33.
A calf trough 31 is secured to the calf trough block 28 with two counter sunk screws 32. An inner surface 123 of the calf trough is provided with an orthotic foam pad 34. The user's calf is secured into the calf trough 31 by a strap 35 and a fastening buckle 64.
Referring to Figures 1 and 7, the knee plate 17 is set at an angle in order to provide an automatic setting of a distance between an inner face of the knee spigot 20 and the user's knee when the height of the calf trough 31 is adjusted relative to the knee spigot 20, according to the size of the user U. For example, the calf trough 31 would be positioned vertically closer to the knee spigot 20 to accommodate a smaller user and therefore the lateral distance between the knee spigot 20 and the user's knee would also be smaller.
Referring to Figure 1, the knee bracing portion 105 is connected to the foot bracing portion 107 by a lower connecting member 33. As shown in Figure 7, the lower connecting member 33 locates into a shallow slot 125 formed on an inside face 127 of the knee plate 17 and is secured into the shallow slot 125 by tightening four screws 35 to clamp the lower connecting member 33 between the knee plate 17 and a vertical locating slot 129 of a clamp plate 34. The combined depth of the shallow slot 125 and the locating slot 129 is less than the thickness of connecting member 33 such that by releasing the screws 35 and vertically sliding the lower connecting member 33, the lower connecting member 33 can be moved to a desired location relative to the knee plate 17 and then be clamped by re-tightening the screws 35.
The above arrangement provides a means to safely adjust the distance between the knee bracing portion 105 and the foot bracing portion 107 while the user U is standing within the walking trainer 100.
In this embodiment, the means for adjusting the distance between the knee bracing portion 105 and the foot bracing portion 107 is as described above, however, a similar arrangement incorporating an elongated and slotted ankle member (not shown) extending upwards into which the lower connecting member 33 could similarly be positioned and releasably secured, could be used.
Further, if a greater amount of adjustment was required, both arrangements could be incorporated into the walking trainer 100.
Referring to Figure 6, the knee bracing portion 105 includes an elastic shock cord 36 to assist the user U to achieve knee extension and support body weight. Other arrangements incorporating steel springs (not shown) or gas filled activators (not shown), generally referred to as gas struts, or the like could also be employed in place of the elastic shock cord 36 to assist the user U to achieve knee extension and support body-weight.
The elastic shock cord 36 is threaded through a predetermined number of a plurality of holes 131 provided on upper and lower extender arms 25 and 30.
The elastic shock cord 36 is tensioned just sufficiently to urge the knee bracing portion 105 towards extension so that, when combined with the user's knee extension ability, the user U is not only able to support body-weight using both lower limbs for standing, but is able to support body-weight with alternate lower limbs in order to execute an efficient gait with a flexing knee and swing through of the unloaded limb. Once the required tension is set, the shock cord 36 can be set with a simple knot 133 to prevent it from sliding back through the holes 131.
The above arrangement provides a means to modify the characteristics of the assistance provided to the user U in knee extension and supporting body-weight. For example, a single strand of shock cord 36, tensioned between the outer-most holes 131 a of the holes 131 on the upper and lower extender arms 25 and 30, would have to stretch more per degree of knee flection than a single strand tensioned between the inner-most holes 131 b, the latter therefore allowing more knee flection per unit of force urging the knee towards extension.
The number of times the tensioned shock cord 36 passes between the upper and lower extender arms 25 and 30 also affects the characteristics of the assistance being provided. Under a consistent tension, the greater the number of passes of the shock cord 36 between the upper and lower extender arms 25 and 30, the greater the force urging the knee towards extension, which, together with the means to adjust the overall tension of the shock cord 36 and its positioning upon the upper and lower extender arms 25 and 30, offers a means to provide and maintain assistance that is in harmony with the user's initial and ongoing needs as they progress towards independent mobility.
By employing the above simple and economical arrangement, the minimum amount of assistance, having the required characteristics, can be easily provided to accommodate the differing needs of each of the user's lower -m-limbs and in so doing help the individual user to achieve symmetry in standing balance and gait. The assistance applied to the knees also keeps the pelvic bracing portion 103 in situ, thus eliminating the need for a securing front waist strap which would restrict pelvic movement.
Referring to Figure 6, in this example, a high tensile strength, non-stretch cord 37 is positioned between rear holes 135 provided on the upper and lower extender arms 25 and 30 to prevent hyper extension of the user's knees and of the knee bracing portion 105 when the user U is out of the device. Each end of the cord 37 is terminated with a simple knot (not shown) to prevent it from sliding out of the rear holes 135. Any adjustment to make the cord 37 check extension of the knee at a desired angle can be achieved by releasing the screws 27, sliding the upper extender arm 25 to a desired position and re-securing. In practice, any adjustment would usually be conducted prior to tensioning the shock cord 36.
Although, in this example, a high strength, non-stretch cord 37 is used to prevent hyper extension of the knees, alternative high tensile strength, non-stretch flexible components could be used, for example, a multi-stranded steel cable, webbing or link chain (all not shown).
As shown in Figure 1, the lower connecting member 33 connects to the foot bracing portion 107. Referring to Figures 8 and 9, the lower connecting member 33 is secured into a locating slot 137 of an ankle spigot 34 which is slightly shallower than the thickness of the lower connecting member 33 to allow -i8-the tightening of two screws 35 to clamp the lower connecting member 33 between the ankle spigot 34 and a clamp plate 62.
This arrangement, together with the fact that connecting member 33 is made of readily-available bar stock which requires no fashioning other than being cut to the required length and any sharp edges and corners removed, provides the means to quickly, easily and economically replace the lower connecting member 33. For example, a longer member (not shown) may be needed if the user U outgrows the available adjustment. Thus, the ankle and knee hinges may continue in service, eliminating the costly and inefficient traditional practices of either having to replace hinges permanently secured to structural connecting members, or having to fashion the end of a replacement structural connecting member to make it fit into or onto a more complex securing arrangement.
Although, in this example, the lower connecting member 33 is made of square section steel bar stock, a rod having a different shape or made of an alternative material, such as an alloy or composite material for example, could be employed.
As shown in Figure 9, a foot plate 63 is located between hardened bearing washers 38 and 39 with a minimum amount of side play, and is free swinging upon a spindle 139 of the ankle spigot 34 defining an ankle hinge or pivot. Although there are various existing methods that could be employed for attaching the foot plate 63 to the user's footwear, such as stirrup bar with releasable welt clamps arrangements (not shown), in this example, as shown in Figure 1, the lower end of foot plate 63 is formed so as to locate into a heel socket 141 of the user's footwear, using existing orthotic practices.
Referring to Figures 8 and 9, the upper end of the foot plate 63 is fashioned to carry an ankle stop 40. The ankle stop 40 prevents any excessive toe-down movement. The smaller diameter of the ankle stop 40 is secured into a cross hole 143 of the foot plate 63 by riveting its end. A vertical slot 145 of an ankle stop clamp 41 locates onto the lower connecting member 33 and is secured in the desired position by tightening two screws 42, which clamp the lower connecting member 33 between the ankle stop clamp 41 and a clamp plate 43.
The foot plate 63 is able to rotate upon the spindle of the ankle spigot 34 to allow toe-up and toe-down movement of the user's foot about the ankle. The amount of toe-down movement is limited by the ankle stop 40 making contact with the ankle stop clamp 41. Since the position of the ankle stop clamp 41 on the lower connecting member 33 can be adjusted by releasing screws 42, to accurately adjust the toe-down stop position to best suit the needs of the user U.
The screws 42 are then re-tightened to reliably secure the setting.
Referring to Figures 1 and 17, attachable stabilizing arms 44, 45 and 49 are provided for engaging the floor or ground to help prevent the user U from falling over while developing standing balance and walking skills. Depending upon the ability and needs of the user U, one or more of the stabilizing arms 44, 45, and/or 49, may be selected and attached to each lower connecting member 33, to provide support to the front, and/or to the rear and/or to the side of the user U.
Each stabilizing arm 44, 45, and 49, is independently adjustable to offer the user U the desired amount of stability in each direction. Continuous stability can be provided by having each stabilizing arm 44, 45, and 49 in contact with the ground, or safety stabilization can be provided by having any individual stabilizing arm 44, 45, and 49 adjusted to be clear of the ground so as to only be effective in halting a fall in the given direction.
The stabilizing arms 44, 45, and 49 could also be made from an alternative material. In this embodiment, the stabilizing arms 44, 45, and 49 are made from a square section steel having a property such that the stabilizing arms 44, 45, and 49 bend slightly under a working load and return to a manufactured profile when the load is removed. This allows the stabilizing arms 44, 45, and 49 to sit firmly on the ground for a new user U and yet still allow the user U sufficient movement to start developing balance and stepping skills.
The 'recoil' effect of the stabilizing arms 44, 45, and 49 tending to help push the user U back to upright in the event of user U leans too excessively in any direction.
Referring to Figures 10 and 11, the upper ends 147 of the stabilizing arms 44, 45, and 49 are attached to the lower connecting member 33 by securing into relative locating slots 149 of a clamping block 46. The stabilizing arms 44, and 49, are clamped between the clamping block 46 and clamp plates 48 by tightening screws 47. The clamping block 46 is secured onto the lower connecting member 33 by the same method.
The above arrangement allows the height of the individual stabilizing arms 44, 45 and 49 to be adjusted by releasing the appropriate screws 47, sliding the stabilizing arms 44, 45, and 49, to the desired location within the clamping block 46 and re-securing the screws 47. The height of the clamping block 46 can also be adjusted upon the lower connecting member 33 by the same method, allowing equal height adjustment to be made to all the stabilizing arms 44, 45, and 49 attached without losing the positional relationship for each. This allows, for example, all stabilizing arms 44, 45, and 49 to be quickly adjusted higher for an assessment of the user's progress and either returned to the original setting, or to a new height without disturbing the positional relationship between each.
As shown in Figures12, 13 and 18, in this embodiment, lower portions 151 of the stabilizing arms 44, 45, and 49 are provided with forward rolling rubber-tired wheels 57, 58 to help the user move any of the stabilizing arms 44, 45, and 49 that contact the ground forward while walking. For the stabilizing arm 49, a single wheel 58 is used. For the stabilizing arms 44 and 45, although an arrangement incorporating a single wheel 58 could be used, two wheels 57 are employed to distribute any downward forces to either side of the relevant stabilizing arms 44, 45. The lower portions 151 of the stabilizing arms 44, 45, and 49 could alternatively be fitted with alternative ground contacting members (not shown) such as, for example, floor pads (not shown) or feet (not shown) or the like, incorporating rubber or a hard-wearing material with low frictional properties or the like, or be fitted with swivel type castors (not shown) or the like, or use could be made of stabilizing arms (not shown) having differing arrangements at their lower ends, for example, having castors fitted to a rear stabilizing arm and rubber pads to a front stabilizing arm.
Referring to Figures 12 and 13, the lower portion 151 of each of the stabilizing arms 44 and 45 is parallel to the ground and is fitted with a wheel block 50 which can be positioned at any desired location along this lower portion 1531. The wheel block 50 is clamped onto the relative stabilizing arms 44 and 45 by tightening two screws 52 onto a clamp plate 51.
A spindle 54 is press-fit into a cross hole 153 of the wheel block 50 and protrudes by an equal amount at each side of the wheel block 50. The spindle 54 is fitted with a wheel 57 on each side of the wheel block 50. Each wheel 57 is free to rotate between washers 53 and 56, and retained by a screw 55.
By adjusting the position of the wheel blocks 50 upon the stabilizing arms 44 and 45, the distance between the user U and the wheels 57 can be adjusted depending on the stage of the user's progress. Other ground contacting members (not shown) could be similarly arranged to be positioned and secured at any point along the lower portion 151 of the stabilizing arms 44 and 45.
Referring to Figures 1 and 18, the lower portion 151 of the stabilizing arm 49 is proved with a round spindle 155 and is formed to be parallel to the ground.
The wheel 58 is located between washers 59 and 60 and is free to rotate upon the spindle 155 of the stabilizing arm 49. The wheel 58 is retained by a screw 61.
The required number and arrangement of the stabilizing arms is dependent upon the individual user's initial and ongoing capabilities and needs.
Initially, the required stabilizing arms are attached and adjusted to provide the necessary safe support for the user U to attain and maintain a good upright standing posture from which the user U can execute steps. The ongoing aim is then to gradually retract, inwards and/or upwards, and eventually remove those stabilizing arms when no longer required as the user's standing balance and walking skills develop, rather like the process of a child learning to ride a bicycle fitted with stabilizers.
The rate at which the support provided can be reduced is equal to the user's progress with self support. The user would have their progress periodically assessed and the provided support reduced accordingly. For most users it will be important to conduct such assessments frequently to enable support to be reduced in small amounts, rather than allowing a user to incorporate an increasing excess of provided support into their walking pattern to the point where they become reliant upon such.
Although a new user would most likely commence making use of the walking trainer 100 upon a smooth floor, once sufficiently competent with the walking trainer 100, the ability to lift the foot and fitted stabilizing arms clear of the ground for a proper swing-through gait, makes it possible for the user to walk upon more irregular and broken surfaces.
The foregoing is a description of a preferred embodiment of the invention which is given here by way of example. The invention is not to be taken as limited to any of the specific features as described, but comprehends all such variations thereof as come within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (45)
1. A walking trainer for bracing and supporting a user while the user practices walking, said walking trainer comprising:
a pelvic support; and for each leg of the user:
upper support means, rotatably connected to said pelvic support;
lower support means, rotatably connected to said upper support means adjacent to a knee of the user; and means for biasing, with a predetermined biasing force, said lower support means and said upper support means to rotate with respect to each other such that the knee of the user is biased toward extension.
a pelvic support; and for each leg of the user:
upper support means, rotatably connected to said pelvic support;
lower support means, rotatably connected to said upper support means adjacent to a knee of the user; and means for biasing, with a predetermined biasing force, said lower support means and said upper support means to rotate with respect to each other such that the knee of the user is biased toward extension.
2. The walking trainer as claimed in Claim 1, said means for biasing comprising resilient means acting about said rotational connection of said lower support means and said upper support means.
3. The walking trainer as claimed in Claim 2, said resilient means comprising a tensioned elastic cord.
4. The walking trainer as claimed in Claim 2, said resilient means comprising steel springs.
5. The walking trainer as claimed in Claim 1, said means for biasing comprising gas filled activators acting about said rotational connection of said lower support means and said upper support means.
6. The walking trainer as claimed in Claim 1, said means for biasing comprising:
two spaced arms, secured one above and one below of said rotational connection of said lower support means and said upper support means, and defining extending portions, each extending forward of said rotational connection of said lower support means and said upper support means;
and an elastic cord linking said two spaced arms whereby said two spaced arms are pulled towards each other biasing, with a predetermined biasing force, said lower support means and said upper support means to rotate with respect to each other such that the knee of the user is biased toward extension.
two spaced arms, secured one above and one below of said rotational connection of said lower support means and said upper support means, and defining extending portions, each extending forward of said rotational connection of said lower support means and said upper support means;
and an elastic cord linking said two spaced arms whereby said two spaced arms are pulled towards each other biasing, with a predetermined biasing force, said lower support means and said upper support means to rotate with respect to each other such that the knee of the user is biased toward extension.
7. The walking trainer as claimed in Claim 1, further comprising adjusting means for adjusting said biasing force.
8. The walking trainer as claimed in Claim 6, further comprising adjusting means for adjusting the tension of the elastic cord whereby said biasing force can be adjusted.
9. The walking trainer as claimed in Claim 8, said extending portions of said two spaced arms formed to have holes therein and said adjustment means comprising said holes and said elastic cord whereby said elastic cord is fed through said holes and secured by forming knots in the ends thereof and adjustment being achieved by lengthening or shortening the amount of elastic cord between knots.
10. The walking trainer as claimed in Claim 8, said extending portions of said two spaced arms each formed to have a plurality of holes therein and said adjustment means comprising said holes and said elastic cord whereby said elastic cord is fed through said plurality of holes on alternating ones of said two spaced arms and secured by forming knots in the ends thereof and adjustment being achieved by lengthening or shortening the amount of elastic cord between knots.
11. The walking trainer as claimed in Claim 8, said extending portions of said two spaced arms each formed to have a plurality of holes therein and said adjustment means comprising said holes and said elastic cord whereby said elastic cord is fed through a selected pair of holes on respective arms and secured by forming knots in the ends thereof and adjustment being achieved by moving the elastic cord to another selected pair of holes on respective arms.
12. A walking trainer for bracing and supporting a user while the user practices walking, said walking trainer comprising:
a pelvic support; and for each leg of the user:
upper support means, rotatably connected to said pelvic support;
lower support means, rotatably connected to said upper support means; and means for stabilizing said lower support means.
a pelvic support; and for each leg of the user:
upper support means, rotatably connected to said pelvic support;
lower support means, rotatably connected to said upper support means; and means for stabilizing said lower support means.
13. The walking trainer as claimed in Claim 12, said means for stabilizing comprising one or more stabilizing members, attached to said lower support means and extending therefrom for engaging the ground, to support and prevent the user from falling in a direction in which each of said one or more stabilizing members extends.
14. The walking trainer as claimed in Claim 13, wherein one or more of the one or more stabilizing members supports and prevents the user from falling forward.
15. The walking trainer as claimed in Claim 13, wherein one or more of the one or more stabilizing members supports and prevents the user from falling rearward.
16. The walking trainer as claimed in Claim 13, wherein one or more of the one or more stabilizing members supports and prevents the user from falling sideways.
17. The walking trainer as claimed in Claim 12, further comprising means to adjust an effective height of said stabilizing means.
18. The walking trainer as claimed in Claim 13, further comprising means to individually adjust an effective height of said one or more stabilizing members.
19. The walking trainer as claimed in Claim 18, further comprising means to adjust the effective height of more than one stabilizing member while maintaining a positional relationship among said stabilizing members.
20. The walking trainer as claimed in Claim 12, said stabilizing means defining an outermost point at which said stabilizing means is intended to make contact with the ground and said walking trainer further comprising means to adjust a distance between the user and said outermost point.
21. The walking trainer as claimed in Claim 12, at least one of said one or more stabilizing members provided with one or more floor wheels.
22. The walking trainer as claimed in Claim 12, at least one of said one or more stabilizing members provided with swivel-type castors.
23. The walking trainer as claimed in Claim 12, at least one of said one or more stabilizing members provided with floor pads or feet.
24. The walking trainer as claimed in Claim 1, wherein said rotatable connection between said pelvic bracing and said upper support means defines a hip pivot and said rotatable connection between said upper support means and said lower support means defines a knee pivot, and wherein said hip pivot and said knee pivot are releasably connected with said upper support means.
25. The walking trainer as claimed in Claim 23, said upper support means comprising a support rod and said hip pivot and said knee pivot each including a member into which said support rod is releasably secured.
26. The walking trainer as claimed in Claim 24, wherein a distance between said hip pivot and said knee pivot is adjusted by releasing said support rod, sliding one or both of said hip pivot and said knee pivot along said support rod, and re-securing said support rod.
27. The walking trainer as claimed in Claim 24, wherein said support rod is releasably secured to said member by a bridge clamp and screws.
28. The walking trainer as claimed in Claim 1, further comprising, for each leg of the user, a foot support means rotatably connected with said lower support means, wherein said rotatable connection between said lower support means and said foot support means defines an ankle pivot and said rotatable connection between said upper support means and said lower support means defines a knee pivot, and wherein said knee pivot and said ankle pivot are releasably connected with said lower support means.
29. The walking trainer as claimed in Claim 28, said upper support means comprising a support rod and said ankle pivot and said knee pivot each including a member into which said support rod is releasably secured.
30. The walking trainer as claimed in Claim 29, wherein a distance between said ankle pivot and said knee pivot is adjusted by releasing said support rod, sliding one or both of said hip pivot and said knee pivot along said support rod, and re-securing said support rod.
31. The walking trainer as claimed in Claim 29, wherein said support rod is releasably secured to said member by a bridge clamp and screws.
32. A walking trainer for bracing and supporting a user while the user practices walking, said walking trainer comprising:
a pelvic support; and for each leg of the user:
upper support means, rotatably connected to said pelvic support;
lower support means, rotatably connected to said upper support means adjacent to a knee of the user; and means for limiting rotation of said lower support means about said upper support means to prevent rotation beyond a predetermined angle to prevent over extension of the knee of the user.
a pelvic support; and for each leg of the user:
upper support means, rotatably connected to said pelvic support;
lower support means, rotatably connected to said upper support means adjacent to a knee of the user; and means for limiting rotation of said lower support means about said upper support means to prevent rotation beyond a predetermined angle to prevent over extension of the knee of the user.
33. The walking trainer as claimed in Claim 32, said limiting means comprising a non-elastic member acting about said rotational connection between said upper support means and said lower support means.
34. The walking trainer as claimed in Claim 32, said limiting means comprising two spaced arms, one above and one below the rotational connection of the upper support means and the lower support means and formed to have rearward extending portions extending to the rear of the rotational connection of the upper support means and the lower support means and a non-elastic member provided between said rearward extending portions of said two spaced arms.
35. The walking trainer as claimed in Claim 32, further comprising means for adjusting said means for limiting said biasing means.
36. The walking trainer as claimed in Claim 34, at least one of said two spaced arms being movable in a direction away from said rotational connection of said upper support means and said lower support means to allow adjustment of said limiting means.
37. The walking trainer as claimed in Claim 1, further comprising an ankle pivot connected to said lower support means;
foot support means connected to said ankle pivot such that said foot support means is rotatable about said ankle pivot; and means for limiting rotation of said foot support means about said ankle pivot in order to prevent a foot of the user entering an excessive toe-down orientation.
foot support means connected to said ankle pivot such that said foot support means is rotatable about said ankle pivot; and means for limiting rotation of said foot support means about said ankle pivot in order to prevent a foot of the user entering an excessive toe-down orientation.
38. The walking trainer as claimed in Claim 1, said means for limiting rotation comprising:
a protrusion provided on said foot support means, an adjustable stopper provided on said lower support means, such that excessive rotation in a toe-down direction causes said protrusion to abut said adjustable stopper and limit rotation, and wherein adjustment of said adjustable stopper provides an increase or decrease in the amount of rotation allowed.
a protrusion provided on said foot support means, an adjustable stopper provided on said lower support means, such that excessive rotation in a toe-down direction causes said protrusion to abut said adjustable stopper and limit rotation, and wherein adjustment of said adjustable stopper provides an increase or decrease in the amount of rotation allowed.
39. An orthotic bracing walking trainer comprising pelvic and hinged lower limb orthotic bracing, means for adjustably assisting each of the user's knees towards extension while allowing knee flection for walking and means for attaching and adjusting one or more provided brace limb-to-floor stabilizing members to one or both brace limbs.
40. An orthotic bracing walking trainer as claimed in Claim 39 wherein the orthotic ankle and knee hinges are releasably secured to a common connecting member.
41. An orthotic bracing walking trainer as claimed in Claim 39 wherein the orthotic hip and knee hinges are releasably secured to a common connecting member.
42. An orthotic bracing walking trainer as claimed in Claim 41 wherein the common linking member comprises readily available bar stock or rod which, having been cut to the required length and the sharp edges removed, can be secured into the arrangement for use without further fashioning.
43. An orthotic bracing walking trainer as claimed in Claim 39 wherein means to prevent each of the user's knees from hyper extending, and that of the orthotic knee hinges when the user is out of the orthosis, are provided by way of linking, to the rear of the orthotic knee hinge pivot, a member extending above the knee hinge pivot and a member extending down from the knee hinge pivot, with a flexible high tensile strength component, in a manner which halts the extension movement of the knee hinge at the point when it is placed under tension.
44. An orthotic bracing walking trainer as claimed in Claim 43 wherein adjustment of the point at which extension movement of the knee hinge is halted is provided by way of at least one end of the flexible high tensile strength component being secured to a member which can be vertically adjusted and secured upon a member extending from the hinge pivot.
45. An orthotic bracing walking trainer as claimed in Claim 39 wherein adjustable means to limit toe-down movement about the orthotic ankle hinge is provided by way of arranging a part of the lower hinged member to halt hinge pivot movement, in a toe-down direction, upon making contact with a vertically adjustable member secured upon an upper hinge member, wherein vertical adjustment of the vertically adjustable member renders an increase or decrease in the amount by which the lower hinge member is free to pivot in a toe-down direction prior to its part making contact with such.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB9827627A GB2344769B (en) | 1998-12-17 | 1998-12-17 | Orthotic bracing walking trainer |
| GB9827627.2 | 1998-12-17 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2292188A1 true CA2292188A1 (en) | 2000-06-17 |
Family
ID=10844277
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2292188 Abandoned CA2292188A1 (en) | 1998-12-17 | 1999-12-14 | Walking trainer |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AU (1) | AU773133B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2292188A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2344769B (en) |
| NZ (1) | NZ501853A (en) |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2436799B (en) * | 2006-04-06 | 2009-02-25 | David Allen Seaby | Legbrace/ski armour |
| CN102133150B (en) * | 2011-02-16 | 2013-01-02 | 华中科技大学 | Pedal type lower limb rehabilitation training device |
| EP3073976B1 (en) * | 2013-11-29 | 2023-06-14 | Rex Bionics Limited | Mobility aid |
| CN103784294B (en) * | 2014-01-16 | 2016-08-17 | 江西师范大学 | Walking aid for recovery of apoplectic hemiplegia patient |
| CA2923820C (en) | 2015-10-21 | 2023-06-27 | Brian Raab | Extension assist device for an anatomic joint brace |
| CN105769515A (en) * | 2016-03-22 | 2016-07-20 | 毛世刚 | Walking training aid for orthopaedic rehabilitation |
| CN107661190A (en) * | 2016-07-28 | 2018-02-06 | 河南省金拐杖医疗科技有限公司 | A kind of digital control electric walking apparatus |
| CN114848331B (en) * | 2022-05-14 | 2024-01-26 | 栗磊 | Anti-lower limb inner-retraction brace |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2284768B (en) * | 1993-12-17 | 1997-11-26 | David Hart | Lower limb co-ordination walking aid |
-
1998
- 1998-12-17 GB GB9827627A patent/GB2344769B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1999
- 1999-12-14 CA CA 2292188 patent/CA2292188A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1999-12-16 AU AU65281/99A patent/AU773133B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1999-12-16 NZ NZ50185399A patent/NZ501853A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB9827627D0 (en) | 1999-02-10 |
| AU773133B2 (en) | 2004-05-20 |
| NZ501853A (en) | 2001-10-26 |
| GB2344769A (en) | 2000-06-21 |
| AU6528199A (en) | 2000-06-22 |
| GB2344769B (en) | 2000-11-22 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request | ||
| FZDE | Dead |