CA2218592A1 - Method of fluid heating and device for embodiment thereof - Google Patents
Method of fluid heating and device for embodiment thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CA2218592A1 CA2218592A1 CA002218592A CA2218592A CA2218592A1 CA 2218592 A1 CA2218592 A1 CA 2218592A1 CA 002218592 A CA002218592 A CA 002218592A CA 2218592 A CA2218592 A CA 2218592A CA 2218592 A1 CA2218592 A1 CA 2218592A1
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- fluid
- working wheel
- discharge
- wheel
- stator
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24V—COLLECTION, PRODUCTION OR USE OF HEAT NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F24V99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other main groups of this subclass
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24V—COLLECTION, PRODUCTION OR USE OF HEAT NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F24V40/00—Production or use of heat resulting from internal friction of moving fluids or from friction between fluids and moving bodies
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
Abstract
Disclosed are a method and apparatus for heating a liquid using mechanical vibrations. The liquid is introduced into a cavity (1) in a rotating wheel (2) and expelled into an annular chamber (4) formed by the wheel and stator (7), passes through a series of outlet apertures (8) and is removed. For this process, the following empirical proportions are preferred: R = 1.1614 K/mm; .DELTA.R = 1.1614 B/mm; and n = 3.8396 K-1.5 x 106 revs/min, R being the radius of the peripheral cylindrical surface of the wheel, .DELTA.R being the radial dimension of the annular chamber, n the rotation frequency of the wheel, K the number of outlet apertures in the wheel, B an integer in the range 1 - K/5.
Description
International application PCT/RU95/00~70, applicant Int. Cl. 6: F2U ~/OO
SELIVANOV, Nikolay-Ivanovich l~,'lE~HOD OF FLUID ~~TING
AND D~VICE FOR E~BOD~ TH}3REOF
BACKGRWND OF ~ Nv~iN~ ON
~ he present invention relates to means of producing and utilizing heat formed otherwise than as the result o~
¢ombustion and deals directly uith the method and device for fluid heating by pro~essing with the help of mechanical action.
0~ a co~mon knowledge in tech~ology is the effect of fluid heating as the result of ine~ita~le or aGcompanying mechani~al action thereon o~ such forces as, in particular, friction forces during contact with cont~inin~ ~eans, inner friction ~orces d~ring fluid flow turbulization, forces arising during hydraulic impacts and cavitation. In such cases the energy expended for fluid heating is considered as ~atural energy losses.
Also widely know~ ~ technology i8 the ef~ect of ~lu~d heating as the result of deliberate, but not pursuing t~e purpose of heating, a~tion thereon of mechanical ~ibrations of the so~ic or ultrasonic ra~ge. In thi~ case, too, the energY e~pended for fluid heating i5 traditionally consider-ed as ~atural energy losse~ particular, ~rom the state o~ art (V.I. Bigler et al., "Dispe~sion of Some llaterials in Hydraulic Sire~ rype De~rice'l, in colle~tion of scientiiic works No. 90 of lt[o~c-ow Institute of Steel a~d Alloy~ "Applic-ation of ~ltraso~ie~ in lletallurgy", "Metallurgy" Publisher~
1977, pp. 73...76), the erfect of fast fluid heating in the so-called hydrodynamic siren type device is known. ~his device comprises a working wheel having a space with an in-take opening for fluid supply and a series of outlet open-ings, equidistant along the circumference, made in the work-ing wheel peripheral wall with a conical outer surface, ana a stator having a space ~ith a discharge opening ~or ~luid outflow and a series of inlet openings, equidistant along the circumference, made in the ~tator wall adaoining the working wheel peripheral wall with a minor clearance, both series of openings ~ the working wheel and the stator lying in the same rotation plane. During rotation of the working wheel the fluid flowing from the outlet openings of the work-ing wheel towards the inlet openings of the stator is sub-aected to action of forced mechanical vibrations of a defin-ite frequency, dependent on the rotation ~requency of the working wheel and the number of the outlet ope~ings thereof.
In the ~iven case, e~citation of said vibrations in the fluid pursued merely the obaecti~es of dispersing the material con-taiaed in the ~luid. Nevertheless, the ~uthors have noted the fact of abnormally fast fluid heati~g, which they expl-ained as due to elevated hydraulic resistance during over-flow of ~luid from the working wheel space into the stator space, att~c-h~ne no importance to the quantitative side of this phenomenon.
From the state of art i8 also known a method of fluid heating (International Application No. ~C~/RU92/00194 as of 1992) b~ processing by mRa~s of mechanical vibrations, i~cluding'the supply of the fluid to be processed into the space of the rotating working wheel; setting the fluid i~
rotation together with the worklng wheel; discharge of-the fluid from the space of the working wheel thr~ugh a series of outlet openings made on the peripheral cylindrical sur-face thereof; intake of the fluid into the stator space through at least one inlet opening made in the stator con-centric surface adjoining the peripheral cylindrical surface of the working wheel with a ~; ni ~1~ clearance; whereby a periodical abrupt interruption of the fluid flow is accomp-lished, exciting mechanical vibrations therein. As a res-ult of such a processing the fluid delivered into the stator spacè, as has been determined by the authors, is heated to a greater extent than it may be explained by total hydraulic losses. However, this fundamentally revealed effect of ab-normal fluid heating was neither sufficient, nor stable in order to utilize it with assured success for practical pur-poses. The reason for this may lie in improper choice of the process parametersj namely the working wheel rotation ~requency and its interrelation with the geometric dimens-ions an~ the number of the working wheel outlet openings.
Considering this, the author of the present invention worked out earlier an improved method and device for fluid heating accor~ing to U.S. Patent Application No.08/218620 as of 03/1994. According to this Application, the method includes the supply o~ the fluid to be processed into the space of the rotating working wheel; setting the processed fluid in rotation together with the working wheel; discharge of the fluid from the space oi the working wheel through a series of outlet openings made on the peripheral cylindrical surface thereof; intake of the fluid into the stator space through at least one inlet opening made on the stator con-centric surface adaoinin~ the peripheral cylindrical sur-face of the working wheel with a m;n;~m clearance; whereby a periodical abrupt interruption of the fluid flow is acc-omplished, exciting mechanica~ vibrations therein. Acco~d-ing to the infor~ation available, an attempt wa~ made here for the first time to express mathematically the pre~erred dependenc~ between the linear velocity of the fluid along the circum~erence of a defi~ite radius and this radius as an empirical relationship RV2 _ 25~.264 (m 3/s2j.
The device e~o~ying the desc~ibed ~ethod of fluid heating ~o~prises a ro~or, includin3 a sha~t ~lnni~- in bearings; a work;ng wheel co~nected to a shaft and made as a disc with a peripheral annular wall havin~ cylindrical inner and outer sur~aces, wherein a series of openings is mad~ ~or fluid pa~sage, equi~istant along the cir~umference;
a stator conta;n~ng the working wheel, said ~tator having an intake opening for supplying the fluid and a discharge opening ~or let~ing out the fluid and two con~entric walls adiOining the-peripheral ~nn~Ar wall of the working wheel at both sides with a mini~um clearance; in both concentric walls of the stator at least one opening is made for fluid passage, lying in the location pla~e of the series of open-ings of the working wheel.
The descri~ed ~ethod and dev~ce for fluid heating, though ensuring the rise of fluid teLperature to a greater value than that attainable at the expense of hydraulic losses, still do not allow to execute in practice with con-fidence the inventor's intention with utmost efficiency.
~he reason is apparently in the absence of adequate deter-mination in specifying the position of circumference of radius ~, whereas simultaneously the value o~ RV2 is spe-cified unambiguously, and also in the fact that the possi-bility of unobstructed rotation of the fluid, which has left the working wheel, is practically absent here.
SUMMARY OF THE lN~NlIO~
The present invention is aimed at solving the problem of producing, on the basis of the prior art and own research, such a method of fluid heating and such a device for embodi-ment thereof that would confidently put into effect purpose-ful conversion of mechanical energy into thermal one with increased efficiency.
The problem is solved, according to the invention, by processing the fluid with the help of mechanical action the-reon of the process of rotary motion with a definite linear velocity along a definite radius of rotation with superim-position of vibratory process of a definite ~requency.
~ or this purpose, in the basic embodiment of the method of fluid heating are provided: the supply of the fluid to be processed into the space of the rotating working wheel; the discharge of the fluid to be processed from the space of the working wheel into a circular chamber formed by the periph-eral cylindrical surface of the working wheel and the con-centric surface of the stator through a series of outlet openings arranged on the peripheral cylindrical surface of the working wheel a~d e~uidistant alo~g the circumference;
discharge of the fluid from the circular chamber through at least one discharge opening. In this case the radiu~ R of the peripheral cylindrical surface o~ the working wheel and the rotation frequency n thereof are determined by the ~umber ~ of the outlet openings of the working wheel in the range according to empirical relation~hips R z (1.05 ... 1.28) E (mm) and (3 6 4 1) ~-1.5 .~o 6 (r p m ) Beyond the li~its of said ranges of parameters obtain-able effect of abnormal fluid heating, as ha~ been experim-entally established, is expressed insufficient-y.
In the most preferred embodiment o~ the method of fluid heating the radius R and the rotation frequency n o~ the working wheel are determined unambiguously by the seleeted num~er K of the outlet openings thereof according to emp-~ irical relationships R 5 1.1614 ~ (mm) a~d~ = 3.8396 ~-1-5 ~ 106 (r.p.m.).
In another preferred e~bodiment of the method of fluia heating the discharge of the fluid to be processed from the cir~ular chamber formed by the peripheral cylindrical surf-ace o~ the working wheel and concentric suriace of the sta-tor is e~fected through discharge openings arranged on the concentric surface of the stator, which are sequentially 2rranged opposite to the outlet openings of the working wheel in the course o~ rotation thereof.
In the described basic embodiment of the method of fluid heating in said ranges of selection of parameters such a temperature of fluid heating i6 fundamentally ~chieved that, as it was experimentally confirmed, it exceeds the temperat-ure obtainable only as a result of hydraulic losses ~o such an extent and with such a stability that it is possible to speak about purposeful and rather efficient utilization of this embodiment of the method of fluid heating with practical purposes. The resultant positive total amount of the energy balance can be explained, not pretending to exhaustive com-pleteness and correctness and keeping in mind the law of con-servation of energy, by the release of latent energy of inner bonds of fluid at a molecular level as a result of periodical initiating substantially mechanical action on the fluid at critical frequencies and harmonics thereof. In the most pre-ferred embodiment of the method of fluid heating, when said unambiguous values of parameters, determined experimentally, are chosen, the effect of surplus energy balance manifests itself at utmost. Another preferred embodiment of the method of fluid heating makes possible to improve the obtainable effect owing to a combined vibratory action e~erted upon the fluid at first when the latter i8 dicharged through the out-let openings of the working wheel into the circular chamber, then when it i6 discharged from the circular chamber through the discharge openings made on the stator concentric surface.
~ he method of fluid heating, according to the invention, may be embodied only by means of the hereinafter described device, ~orming an integral part of the inventor's general intentio~ a~d is not intended ~or use in other purposes.
~ he device for fluid heating in basic embodiment the-reof comprises a rotor including a shaft ~nni n~ in bear-ings; at least one working wheel connected to the shaft and made as a disc with a peripheral annular wall having a cylindrical outer surface, wherein a series of outlet opening~ is mad~ for fluid, said outlet openings being e~ui-distant along the circumference; a stator containing a working wheel having an intake opening for fluid supply and a discharge opening for fluid outflow; a space for the fluid ~o be processed, said space being formed by the disc and a peripheral ~nnUl~r wall of the working wheel and a stator wall with an intake opening and adjoining thereto;
a circular chamber for the fluid to be processea, said cir-cular chamber being restricted in the radial direction b~
the peripheral annular wall of the working wheel and the stator concentric wall and communicates with the discharge opening for the fluid outflow; the charactsristic geometric dimensions o~ the workin~ wheel and circular chamber being:
R = (1:.05 ... 1.28~ ~ (m~), where is the sele~ted number of the outlet openings of the working wheel, is the radius of the outer cylindrical surface o~ the peripheral ~nnu1~r wall of the work;ne wheel, and ~ R ~ (1.05 ... 1.28) B (mm), where B is the selected integer in the range of 1 ... ~/2, ~ R is the radial size o~ the circular chamber.
_ 9 _ In the most preferred embodiment of the device for fluid heating the radius R and the size ~R are respectively:
R = 1.1614 ~ (mm), ~ 2 1.1614 B (mm), where B is the selected integer in the range of 1 ... K/5.
In another preferr~d embodiment of the device for fluid heati~g a stator has a space adjoining a concentric wall thereof for fluid intake from a circular chamber communicat-ing with a discharge opening for fluid outflow; the stator space communicating with the circular through the discharge opeaings made ln the stator concentric wall in the location plane of the working wheel outlet openings and e~uidistant along the circumference; the number of the discharge open-ings of the circular chamber is 1 ... ~.
Other features of the invention will be seen from the following detailed description of embodiments thereof.
BRIE~ DESGRIPTION OF ~HE DRAWINGS
Below ~he invention is described in more dstail by examples of practical embodiments thereof with reference to schematic drawings, wherein:
FIG.l is a longit~ n~l axial section of the device for fluid heating in the basic and most pre~erred embodiment~;
FIG.2, 4 i~ a partial transverse sectio~ of the circular chamber;
FIG. 3 is a longitudinal axial sectiou of the device for fluid heating in one of the preferred embodiments.
_ 10 --DETAIIED DESCRIPTION OF ~HE lN V~'N'l'ION
According to the basic embodiment (FIG. 1, 2) of the method o~ fluid heating b~ processin~ with the help of meGhanical action, the fluid to be processed is supplied into the space 1 of the rotating working wheel 2 through the inlet opening 3. During rotation of the working wheel 2 th~ ~luid to be processed is discharged from the space 1 thereof into the circular chamber 4 formed by the periph-eral cylindrical surface 5 of the working wheel 2 and the ¢oncentric surface 6 o~ the stator 7 through a seri~s of the outlet openings 8 arranged along the peripheral cyl-indrical sur~-ace 5 of the working wheel 2 and e~uidistant along the circumference, Within the li~its of the cir-cular chamber 4 the fluid to be process~d, continuing rota-tion relati~e to the central axis 9 fro~ the ~ree-flow law, is subjected to the action of mechanical vibrations, caused by th~ interaction with the concentric surface 6 o~ the stator 7 of elementary fluid flows flowing out o~ each outlet opening 8 of the working wheel 2. The processed ~luid is discharged from the circular ¢hamber 4 through the discharge opening 10.
~ he radius R of the peripheral cylindrical ~urface 5 and the irequency of rotation n of the working wheel 2 are determined by the selected number ~ of the outlet open-ings 8 of the working wheel 2 in the range according to empirical relationships:
- R - (1.05 ... 1.28) ~ (mm), (~ 6 4 1 ) ~-1.5 . 10 6 (r p ~ ) According to the most preferred embodiment of the methOd of fluid heating, the radius R and the frequency o~
rotation ~ of the working wheel 2 are determined unambiguou-sly by the selected number ~ of the outlet openings 8 of the worki~g wheel 2 according to empirical relationships:
R - 1.1614 K (~m), n s 3.8~96 ~ 5 ~ 106 (r.p.m.).
According to another preferred embodiment (~IG.~,4) of the method of fluid heating~ the discharge ~ the fluid to be processed from the circular chamber 4 formed by the per-ipheral cylindrical surface 5 of the working wheel 2 and the concentric surface 6 of the stator 7 is ef~ected through one, several or a series o~ discharge openings 11 made on the conce~tric surface 6 of the stator 7. Said discharge open-ing~ 11 of the circular chamber 4 during rotatio~ of the working- wheel 2 ~re sequentially arranged opposite to the corresponding outlet openings 8 of the working wheel ~, caus-ing periodical disturbances of flow and corresponding mech-anical vibrations in the fluid. ~he fluid pass:ed throNgh the discharge opening~ 11 of the circular chamber 4 enters the space 12 of the stator 7, wherefrom the processed fluid is let out through the discharge opening 1~.
~ he number of the discharge openings 11 of the circul-a~ chamber 4 is selected in the range of one to ~, whereat it is taken into account that with the increase of the num-ber of the discharge opening~ 11, all other things being equal, the p~ocess volumetric capacity rises adequately, ~ut the temperature of fluid heating drops.
According to ths basic embodiment (FIG.l, 2) of the device for e~ecting the described method of fluid he~t-ing, it comprises the rotor 14, cont~i n; n~ a sha~t 15n;ng in the bearings 16 and 17 ~nd provided with a seal 18. ~he rotor 14 comprises at least one working wheel 2 Gonnected to the shaft 15 and made as a disc 19 with a peripheral ~nn~ r wall 20, having a cylindrical outer surface 5. In said wall 20 a series of outlet open-ings 8 is made for the fluid, ~quidistant alon~ the cir-cum~erence.
A stator 7 cont~;nin~ the working wheel 2 is provided with an intake openi~g 3 for the fluid supply for process-ing and a discharge opening 10 for letting out the pro-cessed fluid. A space 1 for admission of the fluid to be processed is formed by the disc 19 and the annular wall 20 of the working wheel 2 and adjoining wall 21 of the stator 7 with the intake opening 3. A circular chamber 4 for ad~is-sion o~ the fluid to be processed is restricted in the radial direction with the annular wall 20 of the working wheel 2 and the concentric ~all 22 o~ the stator 7 and com-municates with the disch~rge opening 10 for letting out the processed fluid.
The characteristic geometric ~imen~ions of the working wheel 2 and the circular chamber 4 constitute:
R 2 (1.05 ... 1.28) ~ (mm), ~ R - (1.05 ... 1.28) B (~), where is the selected number of the outlet openings of the working wheel, R is the radius of the cylindrical outer ~urface of the peripheral ~nn~ll Ar wall of the working wheel, B is the selected integer in the range of 1 . . . K/2, R is the radial size of the annular chamber.
I~ the mo~t preferred embodiment (FIG.1,2) of the device for fluid heating the nom;n~l value of the radius R
constitutes unambiguously R - 1.1614 E (mm), while the no~;n~l radial size ~ R constitutes AR s 1.1614 B (m~), where B is the selectea integer in the range of 1 ... ~/5.
According to another preferred embodiment (FDG.~, 4) o~ the ~evice for fluid heating the stator 7 ha~ the ~pace 12, adjoining the concentric wall 22 thereof to receive the fluid ~rom the circular chamber 4 communicating with the discharge openi~g 1~ for discharging the processed fluid. The space 12 of the stator 7 communicates with the circular wall 4 through the discharge openi~gs 11 for dis-charging the fluid ~rom the circular chamber 4 a~d si~ul-taneously for letting it into the space 12, said discharge openings being made i~ the concentric wall 22 of the stat-or 7. Said di-scharge opening~ 11 lie in ~ arrangement pla~e of a series of the outlet openings 8 of the working wheel 2 and are equidistant along the circumference. ~h~
num~er of openings 11 constitutes ~rom one to ~, their num-ber exceeding ~ being not adva~tageous due to a marked de-crea~e, all other things being equal, of the thermal effect.
~ hP rotorY~ i~ co~nected through the medium of the shaft 15 and coupling 23 to a dri~i~g means thereof with a calculated rotation frequency, such as the electric motor 24.
The rotor may comprise several working wheels fitted on one shaft, said working wheels being connected sequenti-ally along the ~luid flow. Each working wheel can be equipped with vanes.
Provision can be made of the inner or outer by-pass channe~ with a shut-off-and-control member for reversing a portion of the processed ~lu}d from the outlet o~ the device to the input thereof for repeated processing.
The device as a whole can occupy an~ position in space.
~ he number ~ of the outlet openings 8 of the working wheel 2 is selected basing on the desired frequency of ~or~,~d vibrations excited in the fluid in the sonic range, which is determined by empirical relationship F ~ 63.997 ~ ~-5 (kHz), ta~ing into account the achievable and,advanta~eous geomet-ric dimensions o~ the de~ice as a whole.
The value of parameter B is selected in the above-mentioned ranges, depending on the physical propertie~ of a particular fluid to be processedt especially on viscosity and the nauure'of change during heating, taking into account reasonable geometric dimensions o~ the device as a ~hole.
The number of the discharge opening~ 11 for the fluid outflow from the circular chamber 4 is selected depending on the desirable ratio of volumetric capacity and fluid heating temperature.
The width of the outlet openings 8 of the working wheel 2 in the circumferential directio~ along the periph-eral surface 5 thereo~ constitut~s preferably 1/2 of their circu~fere~tial pitch along the circumference of the radius R. ~he width of the discharge openi~gs 11 of the circular chamber 4 in the circumferential direction along the concentric surface 6 thereof, irrespective of their number, should not exceed preferably that of the outlet openings 8. The shape of the openings 8 and 11, as shown in the drawing o~ FIG.3, is pre~erred uniform, extended in the direction parallel to the central axis 9.
The device ~or fluid heating according to the invent-ion operates in the following way:
In the basic and most preferred embodiments of the deYice (PI~.1,2 ) the fluid being processed is suppli~d through the intake opening ~ into the space 1 of the working wheel 2 in the direction shown by the arrow. ~he rotor 14 together with the workin~ wheel 2 is set into rotation with the help of the electric motor 24 via the coupling 2~ and shaft 15 at calculated rotation frequency n. In this caso the fluid enteri~g the space 1 of the working wheel 2 under pressure leaves the space 1 through a series of the outlet openings 8 made in the peripheral a~nular wall 20 of the working wheel 2, entering the circular chamber 4 limited with the ~ n n~ r wall 20 of the worki~g wheel 2 and the con-centric wall 22 of the stator 7. ~rom the circular cham-ber 4 the processed fluid is dischar~ed for consumption, utilizatio~ or further processing through the discharge ope~i~g 10 in the direction show~ by the arrow.
In another preferred embodiment the device (FIG.~,4) operates similarly to that described above, with the exept-ion that the fluid being processed leaves the c-ircular chamber 4 and enters the space 12 of the stator 7 through the discharge openings 11 made in the concentric wall 22 of the stator 7.From the space 12 the processed fluid is supplied for consumption, utilization or ~urther processing throu~h the discharge opening 13 in the direction shown by the arrow.
Below are gi~en particular examples of practical embo-diment of the method of fluid heating and the de~ice for embodiment thereof, according to the in~ention (tables 1, 2).
Table 1. Example of Embodiment According to FIG.1,2.
Processed ~luid - Water Name Symbol Unit Value Number of work~ n~ wheel E pcs 120 outlet openings Radius of work; n~ wheel R m~ 140.O
peripheral cylindri~al surface i~. 5.512 Radial 5 ~e o~ cir¢ular ~R m~ 9.3 chamber in. 0.~66 Working wheel rotation n r.p.m. 2920 ~requency ~echa~;cal vibration F kHz 5.840 ~reque~c~
Energy supplied E MJ 46.8 Capacity at open G kg/min 64.0 circulation Temperature incre~ent ~ T ~G 3 . 2 at open circulation Capacit~ at 50~o e~¢losed Gl kg/min ~2.0 circulation TemPerature at 50% enclosed ~1 ~C 6.4 drculation ~able 2. Example of Embodiment According to FIG. 3, 4.
P~oce s sed Fluid - Water Name Symbol Unit Value Number of working wheel E pcs 192 outlet ope~ings ~a~ s of workin~ wheel R ~m 223.0 peripheral cylindric al in . 8 . 780 sur~ace Radial size of circular ~R mm 41.8 chamber in. 1.646 Workirlg w~eel rotation n r.p.m. 1440 fre~uency Mechanical vibration F ~Hz 4.620 frequency Number of cir¢ular chamber Kl pcs 120 discharge openings ~nergy supplie~ E ~J 64.8 Capacity at open G kg/min 1 02.8 Girculation ~emperature incremsnt ~ & 3.0 at open circulation Capacity at 505~ e~closed Gl ~g/m;rl 51.4 circulation ~emperature increment ~ ~1 & 6.0 -INDUSTRIA~ APPLICA~I~ITY
~ he field Of industrial application of the invention is rather vast and embraces many branches of industry in those numerous cases when fluid heating is required. Such cases are impossible to be stated in an exhaustive way.
As individual examples, the following may be named:
_ self-contained power-and-heat supply for small local stationary installations;
- heati~g of transport facilities and mobile instal-lations;
- purposeful warming up of fluid directly in the pro-cess of its hanfl 1; n~;
- purpose~ul incidental heating of fluid in diverse techno~ogical processes, etc.
The worklng wheel can be actuated by means of either a motor specially dssigned for similar purposes (electric, hydraulic, wind, mechanical, etc), or by moving and especi-ally rotating parts of transport facilities (railway cars,etc).
The list of k;n~s of fluids to be processed is also rather vast - these are liquids proper from water to hydrocarbon and silicon-organic fluids, as well as soluti-ons, emulsions and suspensions on their base, in a uide range of viscosity and other physical properties.
SELIVANOV, Nikolay-Ivanovich l~,'lE~HOD OF FLUID ~~TING
AND D~VICE FOR E~BOD~ TH}3REOF
BACKGRWND OF ~ Nv~iN~ ON
~ he present invention relates to means of producing and utilizing heat formed otherwise than as the result o~
¢ombustion and deals directly uith the method and device for fluid heating by pro~essing with the help of mechanical action.
0~ a co~mon knowledge in tech~ology is the effect of fluid heating as the result of ine~ita~le or aGcompanying mechani~al action thereon o~ such forces as, in particular, friction forces during contact with cont~inin~ ~eans, inner friction ~orces d~ring fluid flow turbulization, forces arising during hydraulic impacts and cavitation. In such cases the energy expended for fluid heating is considered as ~atural energy losses.
Also widely know~ ~ technology i8 the ef~ect of ~lu~d heating as the result of deliberate, but not pursuing t~e purpose of heating, a~tion thereon of mechanical ~ibrations of the so~ic or ultrasonic ra~ge. In thi~ case, too, the energY e~pended for fluid heating i5 traditionally consider-ed as ~atural energy losse~ particular, ~rom the state o~ art (V.I. Bigler et al., "Dispe~sion of Some llaterials in Hydraulic Sire~ rype De~rice'l, in colle~tion of scientiiic works No. 90 of lt[o~c-ow Institute of Steel a~d Alloy~ "Applic-ation of ~ltraso~ie~ in lletallurgy", "Metallurgy" Publisher~
1977, pp. 73...76), the erfect of fast fluid heating in the so-called hydrodynamic siren type device is known. ~his device comprises a working wheel having a space with an in-take opening for fluid supply and a series of outlet open-ings, equidistant along the circumference, made in the work-ing wheel peripheral wall with a conical outer surface, ana a stator having a space ~ith a discharge opening ~or ~luid outflow and a series of inlet openings, equidistant along the circumference, made in the ~tator wall adaoining the working wheel peripheral wall with a minor clearance, both series of openings ~ the working wheel and the stator lying in the same rotation plane. During rotation of the working wheel the fluid flowing from the outlet openings of the work-ing wheel towards the inlet openings of the stator is sub-aected to action of forced mechanical vibrations of a defin-ite frequency, dependent on the rotation ~requency of the working wheel and the number of the outlet ope~ings thereof.
In the ~iven case, e~citation of said vibrations in the fluid pursued merely the obaecti~es of dispersing the material con-taiaed in the ~luid. Nevertheless, the ~uthors have noted the fact of abnormally fast fluid heati~g, which they expl-ained as due to elevated hydraulic resistance during over-flow of ~luid from the working wheel space into the stator space, att~c-h~ne no importance to the quantitative side of this phenomenon.
From the state of art i8 also known a method of fluid heating (International Application No. ~C~/RU92/00194 as of 1992) b~ processing by mRa~s of mechanical vibrations, i~cluding'the supply of the fluid to be processed into the space of the rotating working wheel; setting the fluid i~
rotation together with the worklng wheel; discharge of-the fluid from the space of the working wheel thr~ugh a series of outlet openings made on the peripheral cylindrical sur-face thereof; intake of the fluid into the stator space through at least one inlet opening made in the stator con-centric surface adjoining the peripheral cylindrical surface of the working wheel with a ~; ni ~1~ clearance; whereby a periodical abrupt interruption of the fluid flow is accomp-lished, exciting mechanical vibrations therein. As a res-ult of such a processing the fluid delivered into the stator spacè, as has been determined by the authors, is heated to a greater extent than it may be explained by total hydraulic losses. However, this fundamentally revealed effect of ab-normal fluid heating was neither sufficient, nor stable in order to utilize it with assured success for practical pur-poses. The reason for this may lie in improper choice of the process parametersj namely the working wheel rotation ~requency and its interrelation with the geometric dimens-ions an~ the number of the working wheel outlet openings.
Considering this, the author of the present invention worked out earlier an improved method and device for fluid heating accor~ing to U.S. Patent Application No.08/218620 as of 03/1994. According to this Application, the method includes the supply o~ the fluid to be processed into the space of the rotating working wheel; setting the processed fluid in rotation together with the working wheel; discharge of the fluid from the space oi the working wheel through a series of outlet openings made on the peripheral cylindrical surface thereof; intake of the fluid into the stator space through at least one inlet opening made on the stator con-centric surface adaoinin~ the peripheral cylindrical sur-face of the working wheel with a m;n;~m clearance; whereby a periodical abrupt interruption of the fluid flow is acc-omplished, exciting mechanica~ vibrations therein. Acco~d-ing to the infor~ation available, an attempt wa~ made here for the first time to express mathematically the pre~erred dependenc~ between the linear velocity of the fluid along the circum~erence of a defi~ite radius and this radius as an empirical relationship RV2 _ 25~.264 (m 3/s2j.
The device e~o~ying the desc~ibed ~ethod of fluid heating ~o~prises a ro~or, includin3 a sha~t ~lnni~- in bearings; a work;ng wheel co~nected to a shaft and made as a disc with a peripheral annular wall havin~ cylindrical inner and outer sur~aces, wherein a series of openings is mad~ ~or fluid pa~sage, equi~istant along the cir~umference;
a stator conta;n~ng the working wheel, said ~tator having an intake opening for supplying the fluid and a discharge opening ~or let~ing out the fluid and two con~entric walls adiOining the-peripheral ~nn~Ar wall of the working wheel at both sides with a mini~um clearance; in both concentric walls of the stator at least one opening is made for fluid passage, lying in the location pla~e of the series of open-ings of the working wheel.
The descri~ed ~ethod and dev~ce for fluid heating, though ensuring the rise of fluid teLperature to a greater value than that attainable at the expense of hydraulic losses, still do not allow to execute in practice with con-fidence the inventor's intention with utmost efficiency.
~he reason is apparently in the absence of adequate deter-mination in specifying the position of circumference of radius ~, whereas simultaneously the value o~ RV2 is spe-cified unambiguously, and also in the fact that the possi-bility of unobstructed rotation of the fluid, which has left the working wheel, is practically absent here.
SUMMARY OF THE lN~NlIO~
The present invention is aimed at solving the problem of producing, on the basis of the prior art and own research, such a method of fluid heating and such a device for embodi-ment thereof that would confidently put into effect purpose-ful conversion of mechanical energy into thermal one with increased efficiency.
The problem is solved, according to the invention, by processing the fluid with the help of mechanical action the-reon of the process of rotary motion with a definite linear velocity along a definite radius of rotation with superim-position of vibratory process of a definite ~requency.
~ or this purpose, in the basic embodiment of the method of fluid heating are provided: the supply of the fluid to be processed into the space of the rotating working wheel; the discharge of the fluid to be processed from the space of the working wheel into a circular chamber formed by the periph-eral cylindrical surface of the working wheel and the con-centric surface of the stator through a series of outlet openings arranged on the peripheral cylindrical surface of the working wheel a~d e~uidistant alo~g the circumference;
discharge of the fluid from the circular chamber through at least one discharge opening. In this case the radiu~ R of the peripheral cylindrical surface o~ the working wheel and the rotation frequency n thereof are determined by the ~umber ~ of the outlet openings of the working wheel in the range according to empirical relation~hips R z (1.05 ... 1.28) E (mm) and (3 6 4 1) ~-1.5 .~o 6 (r p m ) Beyond the li~its of said ranges of parameters obtain-able effect of abnormal fluid heating, as ha~ been experim-entally established, is expressed insufficient-y.
In the most preferred embodiment o~ the method of fluid heating the radius R and the rotation frequency n o~ the working wheel are determined unambiguously by the seleeted num~er K of the outlet openings thereof according to emp-~ irical relationships R 5 1.1614 ~ (mm) a~d~ = 3.8396 ~-1-5 ~ 106 (r.p.m.).
In another preferred e~bodiment of the method of fluia heating the discharge of the fluid to be processed from the cir~ular chamber formed by the peripheral cylindrical surf-ace o~ the working wheel and concentric suriace of the sta-tor is e~fected through discharge openings arranged on the concentric surface of the stator, which are sequentially 2rranged opposite to the outlet openings of the working wheel in the course o~ rotation thereof.
In the described basic embodiment of the method of fluid heating in said ranges of selection of parameters such a temperature of fluid heating i6 fundamentally ~chieved that, as it was experimentally confirmed, it exceeds the temperat-ure obtainable only as a result of hydraulic losses ~o such an extent and with such a stability that it is possible to speak about purposeful and rather efficient utilization of this embodiment of the method of fluid heating with practical purposes. The resultant positive total amount of the energy balance can be explained, not pretending to exhaustive com-pleteness and correctness and keeping in mind the law of con-servation of energy, by the release of latent energy of inner bonds of fluid at a molecular level as a result of periodical initiating substantially mechanical action on the fluid at critical frequencies and harmonics thereof. In the most pre-ferred embodiment of the method of fluid heating, when said unambiguous values of parameters, determined experimentally, are chosen, the effect of surplus energy balance manifests itself at utmost. Another preferred embodiment of the method of fluid heating makes possible to improve the obtainable effect owing to a combined vibratory action e~erted upon the fluid at first when the latter i8 dicharged through the out-let openings of the working wheel into the circular chamber, then when it i6 discharged from the circular chamber through the discharge openings made on the stator concentric surface.
~ he method of fluid heating, according to the invention, may be embodied only by means of the hereinafter described device, ~orming an integral part of the inventor's general intentio~ a~d is not intended ~or use in other purposes.
~ he device for fluid heating in basic embodiment the-reof comprises a rotor including a shaft ~nni n~ in bear-ings; at least one working wheel connected to the shaft and made as a disc with a peripheral annular wall having a cylindrical outer surface, wherein a series of outlet opening~ is mad~ for fluid, said outlet openings being e~ui-distant along the circumference; a stator containing a working wheel having an intake opening for fluid supply and a discharge opening for fluid outflow; a space for the fluid ~o be processed, said space being formed by the disc and a peripheral ~nnUl~r wall of the working wheel and a stator wall with an intake opening and adjoining thereto;
a circular chamber for the fluid to be processea, said cir-cular chamber being restricted in the radial direction b~
the peripheral annular wall of the working wheel and the stator concentric wall and communicates with the discharge opening for the fluid outflow; the charactsristic geometric dimensions o~ the workin~ wheel and circular chamber being:
R = (1:.05 ... 1.28~ ~ (m~), where is the sele~ted number of the outlet openings of the working wheel, is the radius of the outer cylindrical surface o~ the peripheral ~nnu1~r wall of the work;ne wheel, and ~ R ~ (1.05 ... 1.28) B (mm), where B is the selected integer in the range of 1 ... ~/2, ~ R is the radial size o~ the circular chamber.
_ 9 _ In the most preferred embodiment of the device for fluid heating the radius R and the size ~R are respectively:
R = 1.1614 ~ (mm), ~ 2 1.1614 B (mm), where B is the selected integer in the range of 1 ... K/5.
In another preferr~d embodiment of the device for fluid heati~g a stator has a space adjoining a concentric wall thereof for fluid intake from a circular chamber communicat-ing with a discharge opening for fluid outflow; the stator space communicating with the circular through the discharge opeaings made ln the stator concentric wall in the location plane of the working wheel outlet openings and e~uidistant along the circumference; the number of the discharge open-ings of the circular chamber is 1 ... ~.
Other features of the invention will be seen from the following detailed description of embodiments thereof.
BRIE~ DESGRIPTION OF ~HE DRAWINGS
Below ~he invention is described in more dstail by examples of practical embodiments thereof with reference to schematic drawings, wherein:
FIG.l is a longit~ n~l axial section of the device for fluid heating in the basic and most pre~erred embodiment~;
FIG.2, 4 i~ a partial transverse sectio~ of the circular chamber;
FIG. 3 is a longitudinal axial sectiou of the device for fluid heating in one of the preferred embodiments.
_ 10 --DETAIIED DESCRIPTION OF ~HE lN V~'N'l'ION
According to the basic embodiment (FIG. 1, 2) of the method o~ fluid heating b~ processin~ with the help of meGhanical action, the fluid to be processed is supplied into the space 1 of the rotating working wheel 2 through the inlet opening 3. During rotation of the working wheel 2 th~ ~luid to be processed is discharged from the space 1 thereof into the circular chamber 4 formed by the periph-eral cylindrical surface 5 of the working wheel 2 and the ¢oncentric surface 6 o~ the stator 7 through a seri~s of the outlet openings 8 arranged along the peripheral cyl-indrical sur~-ace 5 of the working wheel 2 and e~uidistant along the circumference, Within the li~its of the cir-cular chamber 4 the fluid to be process~d, continuing rota-tion relati~e to the central axis 9 fro~ the ~ree-flow law, is subjected to the action of mechanical vibrations, caused by th~ interaction with the concentric surface 6 o~ the stator 7 of elementary fluid flows flowing out o~ each outlet opening 8 of the working wheel 2. The processed ~luid is discharged from the circular ¢hamber 4 through the discharge opening 10.
~ he radius R of the peripheral cylindrical ~urface 5 and the irequency of rotation n of the working wheel 2 are determined by the selected number ~ of the outlet open-ings 8 of the working wheel 2 in the range according to empirical relationships:
- R - (1.05 ... 1.28) ~ (mm), (~ 6 4 1 ) ~-1.5 . 10 6 (r p ~ ) According to the most preferred embodiment of the methOd of fluid heating, the radius R and the frequency o~
rotation ~ of the working wheel 2 are determined unambiguou-sly by the selected number ~ of the outlet openings 8 of the worki~g wheel 2 according to empirical relationships:
R - 1.1614 K (~m), n s 3.8~96 ~ 5 ~ 106 (r.p.m.).
According to another preferred embodiment (~IG.~,4) of the method of fluid heating~ the discharge ~ the fluid to be processed from the circular chamber 4 formed by the per-ipheral cylindrical surface 5 of the working wheel 2 and the concentric surface 6 of the stator 7 is ef~ected through one, several or a series o~ discharge openings 11 made on the conce~tric surface 6 of the stator 7. Said discharge open-ing~ 11 of the circular chamber 4 during rotatio~ of the working- wheel 2 ~re sequentially arranged opposite to the corresponding outlet openings 8 of the working wheel ~, caus-ing periodical disturbances of flow and corresponding mech-anical vibrations in the fluid. ~he fluid pass:ed throNgh the discharge opening~ 11 of the circular chamber 4 enters the space 12 of the stator 7, wherefrom the processed fluid is let out through the discharge opening 1~.
~ he number of the discharge openings 11 of the circul-a~ chamber 4 is selected in the range of one to ~, whereat it is taken into account that with the increase of the num-ber of the discharge opening~ 11, all other things being equal, the p~ocess volumetric capacity rises adequately, ~ut the temperature of fluid heating drops.
According to ths basic embodiment (FIG.l, 2) of the device for e~ecting the described method of fluid he~t-ing, it comprises the rotor 14, cont~i n; n~ a sha~t 15n;ng in the bearings 16 and 17 ~nd provided with a seal 18. ~he rotor 14 comprises at least one working wheel 2 Gonnected to the shaft 15 and made as a disc 19 with a peripheral ~nn~ r wall 20, having a cylindrical outer surface 5. In said wall 20 a series of outlet open-ings 8 is made for the fluid, ~quidistant alon~ the cir-cum~erence.
A stator 7 cont~;nin~ the working wheel 2 is provided with an intake openi~g 3 for the fluid supply for process-ing and a discharge opening 10 for letting out the pro-cessed fluid. A space 1 for admission of the fluid to be processed is formed by the disc 19 and the annular wall 20 of the working wheel 2 and adjoining wall 21 of the stator 7 with the intake opening 3. A circular chamber 4 for ad~is-sion o~ the fluid to be processed is restricted in the radial direction with the annular wall 20 of the working wheel 2 and the concentric ~all 22 o~ the stator 7 and com-municates with the disch~rge opening 10 for letting out the processed fluid.
The characteristic geometric ~imen~ions of the working wheel 2 and the circular chamber 4 constitute:
R 2 (1.05 ... 1.28) ~ (mm), ~ R - (1.05 ... 1.28) B (~), where is the selected number of the outlet openings of the working wheel, R is the radius of the cylindrical outer ~urface of the peripheral ~nn~ll Ar wall of the working wheel, B is the selected integer in the range of 1 . . . K/2, R is the radial size of the annular chamber.
I~ the mo~t preferred embodiment (FIG.1,2) of the device for fluid heating the nom;n~l value of the radius R
constitutes unambiguously R - 1.1614 E (mm), while the no~;n~l radial size ~ R constitutes AR s 1.1614 B (m~), where B is the selectea integer in the range of 1 ... ~/5.
According to another preferred embodiment (FDG.~, 4) o~ the ~evice for fluid heating the stator 7 ha~ the ~pace 12, adjoining the concentric wall 22 thereof to receive the fluid ~rom the circular chamber 4 communicating with the discharge openi~g 1~ for discharging the processed fluid. The space 12 of the stator 7 communicates with the circular wall 4 through the discharge openi~gs 11 for dis-charging the fluid ~rom the circular chamber 4 a~d si~ul-taneously for letting it into the space 12, said discharge openings being made i~ the concentric wall 22 of the stat-or 7. Said di-scharge opening~ 11 lie in ~ arrangement pla~e of a series of the outlet openings 8 of the working wheel 2 and are equidistant along the circumference. ~h~
num~er of openings 11 constitutes ~rom one to ~, their num-ber exceeding ~ being not adva~tageous due to a marked de-crea~e, all other things being equal, of the thermal effect.
~ hP rotorY~ i~ co~nected through the medium of the shaft 15 and coupling 23 to a dri~i~g means thereof with a calculated rotation frequency, such as the electric motor 24.
The rotor may comprise several working wheels fitted on one shaft, said working wheels being connected sequenti-ally along the ~luid flow. Each working wheel can be equipped with vanes.
Provision can be made of the inner or outer by-pass channe~ with a shut-off-and-control member for reversing a portion of the processed ~lu}d from the outlet o~ the device to the input thereof for repeated processing.
The device as a whole can occupy an~ position in space.
~ he number ~ of the outlet openings 8 of the working wheel 2 is selected basing on the desired frequency of ~or~,~d vibrations excited in the fluid in the sonic range, which is determined by empirical relationship F ~ 63.997 ~ ~-5 (kHz), ta~ing into account the achievable and,advanta~eous geomet-ric dimensions o~ the de~ice as a whole.
The value of parameter B is selected in the above-mentioned ranges, depending on the physical propertie~ of a particular fluid to be processedt especially on viscosity and the nauure'of change during heating, taking into account reasonable geometric dimensions o~ the device as a ~hole.
The number of the discharge opening~ 11 for the fluid outflow from the circular chamber 4 is selected depending on the desirable ratio of volumetric capacity and fluid heating temperature.
The width of the outlet openings 8 of the working wheel 2 in the circumferential directio~ along the periph-eral surface 5 thereo~ constitut~s preferably 1/2 of their circu~fere~tial pitch along the circumference of the radius R. ~he width of the discharge openi~gs 11 of the circular chamber 4 in the circumferential direction along the concentric surface 6 thereof, irrespective of their number, should not exceed preferably that of the outlet openings 8. The shape of the openings 8 and 11, as shown in the drawing o~ FIG.3, is pre~erred uniform, extended in the direction parallel to the central axis 9.
The device ~or fluid heating according to the invent-ion operates in the following way:
In the basic and most preferred embodiments of the deYice (PI~.1,2 ) the fluid being processed is suppli~d through the intake opening ~ into the space 1 of the working wheel 2 in the direction shown by the arrow. ~he rotor 14 together with the workin~ wheel 2 is set into rotation with the help of the electric motor 24 via the coupling 2~ and shaft 15 at calculated rotation frequency n. In this caso the fluid enteri~g the space 1 of the working wheel 2 under pressure leaves the space 1 through a series of the outlet openings 8 made in the peripheral a~nular wall 20 of the working wheel 2, entering the circular chamber 4 limited with the ~ n n~ r wall 20 of the worki~g wheel 2 and the con-centric wall 22 of the stator 7. ~rom the circular cham-ber 4 the processed fluid is dischar~ed for consumption, utilizatio~ or further processing through the discharge ope~i~g 10 in the direction show~ by the arrow.
In another preferred embodiment the device (FIG.~,4) operates similarly to that described above, with the exept-ion that the fluid being processed leaves the c-ircular chamber 4 and enters the space 12 of the stator 7 through the discharge openings 11 made in the concentric wall 22 of the stator 7.From the space 12 the processed fluid is supplied for consumption, utilization or ~urther processing throu~h the discharge opening 13 in the direction shown by the arrow.
Below are gi~en particular examples of practical embo-diment of the method of fluid heating and the de~ice for embodiment thereof, according to the in~ention (tables 1, 2).
Table 1. Example of Embodiment According to FIG.1,2.
Processed ~luid - Water Name Symbol Unit Value Number of work~ n~ wheel E pcs 120 outlet openings Radius of work; n~ wheel R m~ 140.O
peripheral cylindri~al surface i~. 5.512 Radial 5 ~e o~ cir¢ular ~R m~ 9.3 chamber in. 0.~66 Working wheel rotation n r.p.m. 2920 ~requency ~echa~;cal vibration F kHz 5.840 ~reque~c~
Energy supplied E MJ 46.8 Capacity at open G kg/min 64.0 circulation Temperature incre~ent ~ T ~G 3 . 2 at open circulation Capacit~ at 50~o e~¢losed Gl kg/min ~2.0 circulation TemPerature at 50% enclosed ~1 ~C 6.4 drculation ~able 2. Example of Embodiment According to FIG. 3, 4.
P~oce s sed Fluid - Water Name Symbol Unit Value Number of working wheel E pcs 192 outlet ope~ings ~a~ s of workin~ wheel R ~m 223.0 peripheral cylindric al in . 8 . 780 sur~ace Radial size of circular ~R mm 41.8 chamber in. 1.646 Workirlg w~eel rotation n r.p.m. 1440 fre~uency Mechanical vibration F ~Hz 4.620 frequency Number of cir¢ular chamber Kl pcs 120 discharge openings ~nergy supplie~ E ~J 64.8 Capacity at open G kg/min 1 02.8 Girculation ~emperature incremsnt ~ & 3.0 at open circulation Capacity at 505~ e~closed Gl ~g/m;rl 51.4 circulation ~emperature increment ~ ~1 & 6.0 -INDUSTRIA~ APPLICA~I~ITY
~ he field Of industrial application of the invention is rather vast and embraces many branches of industry in those numerous cases when fluid heating is required. Such cases are impossible to be stated in an exhaustive way.
As individual examples, the following may be named:
_ self-contained power-and-heat supply for small local stationary installations;
- heati~g of transport facilities and mobile instal-lations;
- purposeful warming up of fluid directly in the pro-cess of its hanfl 1; n~;
- purpose~ul incidental heating of fluid in diverse techno~ogical processes, etc.
The worklng wheel can be actuated by means of either a motor specially dssigned for similar purposes (electric, hydraulic, wind, mechanical, etc), or by moving and especi-ally rotating parts of transport facilities (railway cars,etc).
The list of k;n~s of fluids to be processed is also rather vast - these are liquids proper from water to hydrocarbon and silicon-organic fluids, as well as soluti-ons, emulsions and suspensions on their base, in a uide range of viscosity and other physical properties.
Claims (6)
1. A method of fluid heating by processing with the help of mechanical action, comprising (1) supply of the fluid to be processed into a space of a rotating working wheel, (2) discharge of the fluid to be processed from the space of the working wheel into a circular chamber formed by the peripheral cylindrical surface of said working wheel and the concentric surface of a stator, at which (3) said discharge is effected through a series of outlet openings arranged on the peripheral cylindrical surface of the working wheel and equidistant along the circumference, (4) discharge of the fluid from said circular chamber through at least one discharge opening, at which (5) radius R of the peripheral cylindrical surface of the working wheel is determined by selected number K of the outlet openings of said working wheel according to empirical relationship R = (1.05 ... 1. 28) K (mm), (6) rotation frequency n of the working wheel is determined by said value K according to empirical : relationship n = (3. 6... 4.1) K-1-5 . 106 (r.p.m. ).
2. The method of fluid heating according to claim 1, wherein the radius R of the peripheral cylindrical surface of the working wheel is determined by the selected number K
of the outlet openings of said working wheel according to empirical relationship R = 1.1614 K (mm), while the rotation frequency n of the working wheel is determined by the value K according to empirical relation-ship n= 3.8396 K-1. 5 . 106 (r.p.m.).
of the outlet openings of said working wheel according to empirical relationship R = 1.1614 K (mm), while the rotation frequency n of the working wheel is determined by the value K according to empirical relation-ship n= 3.8396 K-1. 5 . 106 (r.p.m.).
3. The method of fluid heating according to claim 2, wherein the discharge of the fluid from the circular chamber formed by the peripheral cylindrical surface of the working wheel and the concentric surface of the stator is effected through the discharge openings arranged on the concentric surface of the stator, said discharge openings sequentially oppose the outlet openings of the working wheel during rotation of said wheel.
4. A device for fluid heating by processing with the help of mechanical action, comprising (1) a rotor containing a shaft running in bearings, (2) at least one working wheel, connected to a shaft and made as a disc with a peripheral annular wall having a cylindrical outer surface, wherein a series of outlet openings is made for the fluid equidistant along the circumference, (3) a stator containing the working wheel having an intake opening for supply and a discharge opening for discharge of the fluid, (4) a space for the fluid to be processed formed by the disc and the annular wall of the working wheel and a stator wall with an intake opening adjoining said wheel, (5) a circular chamber for the fluid to be processed, which is restricted in the radial direction by the peripheral annular wall of the working wheel and the stator concentric wall, and communicates with the discharge opening for discharge of the fluid, at which the characteristic geometric dimensions of the working wheel and the circular chamber constitute:
(6) radius R of the cylindrical outer surface of the peripheral annular wall of the working wheel R = (1.05 ... 1.28) K (mm), where K is the selected number of the outlet openings of the working wheel, (7) radial size .DELTA.R of the circular chamber .DELTA.R = (1.05 ... 1.28) B (mm), where B is the selected integer in the range of 1 ... K/2, (8) means for driving the rotor at the calculated rotation frequency.
(6) radius R of the cylindrical outer surface of the peripheral annular wall of the working wheel R = (1.05 ... 1.28) K (mm), where K is the selected number of the outlet openings of the working wheel, (7) radial size .DELTA.R of the circular chamber .DELTA.R = (1.05 ... 1.28) B (mm), where B is the selected integer in the range of 1 ... K/2, (8) means for driving the rotor at the calculated rotation frequency.
5. The device for fluid heating according to claim 4, wherein the radius R of the cylindrical outer surface of the peripheral annular wall of the working wheel constitutes R = 1.1614 K (mm), where K is the selected number of the outlet openings of the working wheel, while the radial size .DELTA.R of the circular constitutes .DELTA.R = 1.1614 B (mm), where B is the selected integer in the range of 1 ... K/5.
6. The device for fluid heating according to claim 5, wherein (1) the stator has a space adjoining the concentric wall thereof for fluid intake from the circular chamber, said space communicating with the discharge opening for discharge of the fluid, at which (2) the stator space communicates with the circular chamber through the discharge openings, made in the stator concentric wall in the arrangement plane of the outlet openings of the working wheel and equidistant along the circumference, (3) the number of the discharge openings of the circular chamber constitutes 1 ... K.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002218592A CA2218592A1 (en) | 1995-04-18 | 1995-04-18 | Method of fluid heating and device for embodiment thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002218592A CA2218592A1 (en) | 1995-04-18 | 1995-04-18 | Method of fluid heating and device for embodiment thereof |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2218592A1 true CA2218592A1 (en) | 1996-10-24 |
Family
ID=4161649
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002218592A Abandoned CA2218592A1 (en) | 1995-04-18 | 1995-04-18 | Method of fluid heating and device for embodiment thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA2218592A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US11059018B2 (en) | 2018-05-16 | 2021-07-13 | Dresser-Rand Company | Turbomachine chemical reactor and method for cracking hydrocarbons in a process fluid |
| US11123702B2 (en) | 2018-09-20 | 2021-09-21 | Dresser-Rand Company | Turbomachine type chemical reactor |
-
1995
- 1995-04-18 CA CA002218592A patent/CA2218592A1/en not_active Abandoned
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US11059018B2 (en) | 2018-05-16 | 2021-07-13 | Dresser-Rand Company | Turbomachine chemical reactor and method for cracking hydrocarbons in a process fluid |
| US11123702B2 (en) | 2018-09-20 | 2021-09-21 | Dresser-Rand Company | Turbomachine type chemical reactor |
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