CA2052887A1 - Fire extinguishing compositions - Google Patents
Fire extinguishing compositionsInfo
- Publication number
- CA2052887A1 CA2052887A1 CA002052887A CA2052887A CA2052887A1 CA 2052887 A1 CA2052887 A1 CA 2052887A1 CA 002052887 A CA002052887 A CA 002052887A CA 2052887 A CA2052887 A CA 2052887A CA 2052887 A1 CA2052887 A1 CA 2052887A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- fire extinguishing
- fire
- composition
- dichloropentafluoropropane
- isomers
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D1/00—Fire-extinguishing compositions; Use of chemical substances in extinguishing fires
- A62D1/0028—Liquid extinguishing substances
- A62D1/0057—Polyhaloalkanes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D1/00—Fire-extinguishing compositions; Use of chemical substances in extinguishing fires
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Fire-Extinguishing Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
Abstract:
Fire Extinguishing Compositions A fire extinguishing composition comprising at least one fire extinguishing compound selected from the isomers of dichloropentafluoropropane, a fire extinguishing device containing said composition and a method of extinguishing a fire using said composition.
Fire Extinguishing Compositions A fire extinguishing composition comprising at least one fire extinguishing compound selected from the isomers of dichloropentafluoropropane, a fire extinguishing device containing said composition and a method of extinguishing a fire using said composition.
Description
2 ~ 7~J
FIRE EXTINGUISHING COMPOSITIONS
The present invention relates to fire extinguishin~
compositions, to fire extinguishing devices containing such compositions and to a method of extinguishing a fire using such compositions.
In view of the concern surrounding possible damage to the ozone layer by certain halocarbons, a need has arisen to find alternative fire e~tinguishing compositions. ~hile fire extinguishing compositions known in the art provide effective fire extinguishing performance, the use of such compositions may have a destructive effect on the ozone layer.
The problem which the present invention sets out to solve is, therefore, to provide a fire extinguishing composition which exhibits good fire extinguishing performance and is relativel~ ozone benign.
According to the first aspect of the present invention there is provided a fire extinguishing composition comprising at least one fire extin~uishing compound selected from the isomers of dichloropentafluoroProPane.
According to the second aspect of the present invention there is provided a fire extinguishiny device containing the fire e~tinguishing composition of the first aspect.
According to a third aspect of the present invention there is provided a method of extinguishing a fire which method comprises administering to said fire an effective amount of a fire extinguishing composition comprising at least one fire extinguishing compound selected from the isomers of dichloropentafluoropropane.
2 ~ 7 .
The isomers of dichloropentafluoropropane are those having the empirical formula C3F5C12H, such as 1,1-dichloro-2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropane and 1!3-dichloro-1,2,2,3,3-pentafluoropropane. The fire extinguishing composition may comprise a sin~le isomer of dichloropentafluoropropane or a mixture of such isomers. A particularly preferred isomer is 1,1-dichloro-2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropane and, accordingl~, in a preferred fire extin~uishin~
composition of the invention the at least one fire extinguishing compound selected from the isomers of dichloropentafluoropropane comprises at least a maior proportion, e.g. at least 50 % by wei~ht! of the 1,1-dichloro-2,2~3,3,3-pentafluoropropane isomer. More 1~ preferabl~v, the at least one isomer of dichloropentafluoropropane contained in the fire extinguishin~ composition is entirel~
1,1-dichloro-2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropane.
In addition to the at least one isomer of dichloropentafluoropropane, the fire extinguishin~
compositions of the invention ma~ further comprise one or more other fire extinguishing compounds, such as a completel~ halo~enated fluorobromoalkane or fluorobromochloroalkane. Examples of such compounds include, inter alia, dibromodifluoromethane, bromotrifluoromethane, and bromochlorodifluoromethane.
Other suitable fire extinguishing compounds which ma~
be included in the fire extinguishing compositions of the invention include those disclosed in the present applicants European patent application EP-383 443 A2, e.g. l-bromo-1,2,2,2-tetrafluoroethane.
The fire extin~uishing compositions of the invention may optionally comprise one or more coad~iuvant agents havin~ a boiling point below 0CC
.
:
(hereinafter referred to as coadiuvants), which may enhance the effectiveness of the fire extin~uishing compositions, e.g on delivery from a fire extinguishin~
device. Preferred coadjuvants are the haloalkanes, especially the haloethanes and halomethanes, having a boilin~ point below 0C, preferred examples of which are chlorodifluoromethane, 1,1 2,2-tetrafluoroethane and 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane. Other suitable coadiuvants include the heptafluoropropanes, e.g.
1,1~1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane. The use of a coad~iuvant is, however, not essential, since the fire extin~uishin~ compositions of the invention may be effectively delivered from a fire extin~uishin~ device by the use of a standard gaseous propellant.
The fire extinguishing compositions of the invention will normally comprise at least 50 % by weight, preferably at least 70 % by weight and especially at least 90 % by wei~ht of the at least one fire extinguishing compound selected from the isomers of dichloropentafluoropropane.
The fire extinguishing compositions of the invention will normally be delivered from fire extinguishin~ devices by means of a ~aseous propellant.
Suitable propellants are compounds of low toxicity and high stability, preferred examples of which are nitr-ogen and carbon dioxide. A particularly preferred propellant for delivery of the fire extinguishing compositions of the invention is carbon dioxide, since this has been found to provide a particularly effective delivery of the fire extinguishing compositions of the invention. The fire extinRuishin~ composition is typically pressurised in the fire extinguishing device with 150 to 250 psi of the ~aseous propellant.
~ 4 - 2~2.~
The present in~ention is now illustrated, but not limited, by the following examples.
Example 1 .
A Committee European Normalisation (CEN) llB fire was started using 11 litres of n-heptane as the fuel. The fire was extinguished in 4 seconds with 550 g of a fire extinguishing composition comprising 1,1-dichloro-2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropane discharged in ; 8 seconds from a 760 ml Thorn extinguisher containin~
750 g of the composition pressurised to 200 psi with carbon dioxide.
ExamPle 2 A Committee European Normalisation (CEN~ llB fire was started using 11 litres of n-heptane as the fuel. The fire was extinguished in 2.5 seconds with 400 g of a fire extinguishing composition of 1,1-dichloro-2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropane discharged in 8 seconds from a 760 ml Thorn extinguisher containing 750 ~ of the composition pressurised to 160 psi with carbon dioxide.
FIRE EXTINGUISHING COMPOSITIONS
The present invention relates to fire extinguishin~
compositions, to fire extinguishing devices containing such compositions and to a method of extinguishing a fire using such compositions.
In view of the concern surrounding possible damage to the ozone layer by certain halocarbons, a need has arisen to find alternative fire e~tinguishing compositions. ~hile fire extinguishing compositions known in the art provide effective fire extinguishing performance, the use of such compositions may have a destructive effect on the ozone layer.
The problem which the present invention sets out to solve is, therefore, to provide a fire extinguishing composition which exhibits good fire extinguishing performance and is relativel~ ozone benign.
According to the first aspect of the present invention there is provided a fire extinguishing composition comprising at least one fire extin~uishing compound selected from the isomers of dichloropentafluoroProPane.
According to the second aspect of the present invention there is provided a fire extinguishiny device containing the fire e~tinguishing composition of the first aspect.
According to a third aspect of the present invention there is provided a method of extinguishing a fire which method comprises administering to said fire an effective amount of a fire extinguishing composition comprising at least one fire extinguishing compound selected from the isomers of dichloropentafluoropropane.
2 ~ 7 .
The isomers of dichloropentafluoropropane are those having the empirical formula C3F5C12H, such as 1,1-dichloro-2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropane and 1!3-dichloro-1,2,2,3,3-pentafluoropropane. The fire extinguishing composition may comprise a sin~le isomer of dichloropentafluoropropane or a mixture of such isomers. A particularly preferred isomer is 1,1-dichloro-2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropane and, accordingl~, in a preferred fire extin~uishin~
composition of the invention the at least one fire extinguishing compound selected from the isomers of dichloropentafluoropropane comprises at least a maior proportion, e.g. at least 50 % by wei~ht! of the 1,1-dichloro-2,2~3,3,3-pentafluoropropane isomer. More 1~ preferabl~v, the at least one isomer of dichloropentafluoropropane contained in the fire extinguishin~ composition is entirel~
1,1-dichloro-2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropane.
In addition to the at least one isomer of dichloropentafluoropropane, the fire extinguishin~
compositions of the invention ma~ further comprise one or more other fire extinguishing compounds, such as a completel~ halo~enated fluorobromoalkane or fluorobromochloroalkane. Examples of such compounds include, inter alia, dibromodifluoromethane, bromotrifluoromethane, and bromochlorodifluoromethane.
Other suitable fire extinguishing compounds which ma~
be included in the fire extinguishing compositions of the invention include those disclosed in the present applicants European patent application EP-383 443 A2, e.g. l-bromo-1,2,2,2-tetrafluoroethane.
The fire extin~uishing compositions of the invention may optionally comprise one or more coad~iuvant agents havin~ a boiling point below 0CC
.
:
(hereinafter referred to as coadiuvants), which may enhance the effectiveness of the fire extin~uishing compositions, e.g on delivery from a fire extinguishin~
device. Preferred coadjuvants are the haloalkanes, especially the haloethanes and halomethanes, having a boilin~ point below 0C, preferred examples of which are chlorodifluoromethane, 1,1 2,2-tetrafluoroethane and 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane. Other suitable coadiuvants include the heptafluoropropanes, e.g.
1,1~1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane. The use of a coad~iuvant is, however, not essential, since the fire extin~uishin~ compositions of the invention may be effectively delivered from a fire extin~uishin~ device by the use of a standard gaseous propellant.
The fire extinguishing compositions of the invention will normally comprise at least 50 % by weight, preferably at least 70 % by weight and especially at least 90 % by wei~ht of the at least one fire extinguishing compound selected from the isomers of dichloropentafluoropropane.
The fire extinguishing compositions of the invention will normally be delivered from fire extinguishin~ devices by means of a ~aseous propellant.
Suitable propellants are compounds of low toxicity and high stability, preferred examples of which are nitr-ogen and carbon dioxide. A particularly preferred propellant for delivery of the fire extinguishing compositions of the invention is carbon dioxide, since this has been found to provide a particularly effective delivery of the fire extinguishing compositions of the invention. The fire extinRuishin~ composition is typically pressurised in the fire extinguishing device with 150 to 250 psi of the ~aseous propellant.
~ 4 - 2~2.~
The present in~ention is now illustrated, but not limited, by the following examples.
Example 1 .
A Committee European Normalisation (CEN) llB fire was started using 11 litres of n-heptane as the fuel. The fire was extinguished in 4 seconds with 550 g of a fire extinguishing composition comprising 1,1-dichloro-2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropane discharged in ; 8 seconds from a 760 ml Thorn extinguisher containin~
750 g of the composition pressurised to 200 psi with carbon dioxide.
ExamPle 2 A Committee European Normalisation (CEN~ llB fire was started using 11 litres of n-heptane as the fuel. The fire was extinguished in 2.5 seconds with 400 g of a fire extinguishing composition of 1,1-dichloro-2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropane discharged in 8 seconds from a 760 ml Thorn extinguisher containing 750 ~ of the composition pressurised to 160 psi with carbon dioxide.
Claims (11)
1. A fire extinguishing composition comprising at least one fire extinguishing compound selected from the isomers of dichloropentafluoropropane.
2. A fire extinguishing composition as claimed in claim 1 wherein the at least one fire extinguishing compound selected from the isomers of dichloropentafluoropropane comprises at least a major proportion of the 1,1-dichloro-2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoro-propane isomer.
3. A fire extinguishing composition as claimed in claim 2 wherein the 1,1-dichloro-2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropane isomer constitutes at least 50 % by weight of the at least one fire extinguishing compound selected from the isomers of dichloropentafluoropropane.
4. A fire extinguishing composition as claimed in any one of the preceding claims which further comprises at least one other fire extinguishing compound.
5. A fire extinguishing composition as claimed in any one of the preceding claims which further comprises at least one coadjuvant agent having A boiling point below 0 °C.
6. A method of extinguishing a fire which method comprises administering to said fire an effective amount of a fire extinguishing composition comprising at least one fire extinguishing compound selected from the isomers of dichloropentafluoropropane.
7. A method of extinguishing a fire as claimed in claim 6 wherein the at least one fire extinguishing compound selected from the isomers of dichloropentafluoropropane contained in the fire extinguishing composition administered to the fire comprises at least a major proportion of the 1,1-dichloro-2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoro-propane isomer.
8. A method as claimed in claim 7 wherein the 1,1-dichloro-2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropane isomer constitutes at least 50 % by weight of the at least one fire extinguishing compound selected from the isomers of dichloropentafluoropropane contained in the fire extinguishing composition administered to the fire.
9. A fire extinguishing device containing a fire extinguishing composition as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5.
10. A fire extinguishing device as claimed in claim 9 containing a gaseous propellant to effect delivery of the said fire extinguishing composition from the fire extinguishing device.
11. A fire extinguishing device as claimed in claim 10 wherein the gaseous propellant is carbon dioxide.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB9022296.9 | 1990-10-15 | ||
| GB909022296A GB9022296D0 (en) | 1990-10-15 | 1990-10-15 | Fire extinguishing compositions |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2052887A1 true CA2052887A1 (en) | 1992-04-16 |
Family
ID=10683696
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002052887A Abandoned CA2052887A1 (en) | 1990-10-15 | 1991-10-07 | Fire extinguishing compositions |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0481618A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH05123421A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR920007652A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU8555891A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2052887A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB9022296D0 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2021136859A1 (en) | 2019-12-31 | 2021-07-08 | Primalchit Solutions, S.L. | Mixture of non-polymer organic components with fire retardancy, preparation method and use |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5084190A (en) * | 1989-11-14 | 1992-01-28 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Fire extinguishing composition and process |
| US7329786B2 (en) | 2001-09-28 | 2008-02-12 | Great Lakes Chemical Corporation | Processes for producing CF3CFHCF3 |
| US7223351B2 (en) | 2003-04-17 | 2007-05-29 | Great Lakes Chemical Corporation | Fire extinguishing mixtures, methods and systems |
| US20050038302A1 (en) | 2003-08-13 | 2005-02-17 | Hedrick Vicki E. | Systems and methods for producing fluorocarbons |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5040609A (en) * | 1989-10-04 | 1991-08-20 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Fire extinguishing composition and process |
-
1990
- 1990-10-15 GB GB909022296A patent/GB9022296D0/en active Pending
-
1991
- 1991-09-26 EP EP91308804A patent/EP0481618A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1991-10-03 AU AU85558/91A patent/AU8555891A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1991-10-07 CA CA002052887A patent/CA2052887A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1991-10-14 JP JP3264610A patent/JPH05123421A/en active Pending
- 1991-10-15 KR KR1019910018073A patent/KR920007652A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2021136859A1 (en) | 2019-12-31 | 2021-07-08 | Primalchit Solutions, S.L. | Mixture of non-polymer organic components with fire retardancy, preparation method and use |
| US12029932B2 (en) | 2019-12-31 | 2024-07-09 | Primalchit Solutions, S.L. | Mixture of non-polymer organic components with fire retardancy, preparation method and use |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU8555891A (en) | 1992-04-16 |
| KR920007652A (en) | 1992-05-27 |
| JPH05123421A (en) | 1993-05-21 |
| GB9022296D0 (en) | 1990-11-28 |
| EP0481618A1 (en) | 1992-04-22 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FZDE | Dead |