CA1325025C - Packing assembly for use in a plunger bore - Google Patents
Packing assembly for use in a plunger boreInfo
- Publication number
- CA1325025C CA1325025C CA000483899A CA483899A CA1325025C CA 1325025 C CA1325025 C CA 1325025C CA 000483899 A CA000483899 A CA 000483899A CA 483899 A CA483899 A CA 483899A CA 1325025 C CA1325025 C CA 1325025C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- packing
- ring
- male
- front face
- rear face
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
- F04B53/16—Casings; Cylinders; Cylinder liners or heads; Fluid connections
- F04B53/162—Adaptations of cylinders
- F04B53/164—Stoffing boxes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J15/00—Sealings
- F16J15/16—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
- F16J15/18—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with stuffing-boxes for elastic or plastic packings
- F16J15/182—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with stuffing-boxes for elastic or plastic packings with lubricating, cooling or draining means
- F16J15/183—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with stuffing-boxes for elastic or plastic packings with lubricating, cooling or draining means using a lantern ring
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Details Of Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
- Sealing Devices (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A packing assembly is for plunger-type pumps is installed around a movable plunger to prevent fluid from leaking past the plunger. The packing assembly includes male and female adaptor rings, which are in face-to-face contact with the packing rings, but pro-vide only a "sloppy" fit. The practice of this inven-tion involves shaping the adaptor ring faces to conform precisely to the shape of the packing ring faces against which they are seated.
A packing assembly is for plunger-type pumps is installed around a movable plunger to prevent fluid from leaking past the plunger. The packing assembly includes male and female adaptor rings, which are in face-to-face contact with the packing rings, but pro-vide only a "sloppy" fit. The practice of this inven-tion involves shaping the adaptor ring faces to conform precisely to the shape of the packing ring faces against which they are seated.
Description
-1- 132~02~
. PACKING ASSEMBLY FOR USE IN A PLUNGER BORE
:: .
The invention relates to an improved packing . .
assembly of the type used to prevent fluid leaks around a plunger. In a specific application, the packing ~ :
assembly is used in plunger-type pumps. `....... .
.. ~: :.
In various well treating operations, such as hydraulic fracturing, fluids are pumped into the wellbore -.. -.:
by plunger-type pumps, such as Triplex or Quintuplex .
pumps. On the suction stroke of~the pump,~each plunger is pulled along the plunger bore~away from~.the~valve : .::
10 chamber. At the end of the suction stroke, t he plunger .... :.
reverses direction and i5 pushed~back along the.bore toward the pump chamber, to displace~incoming fluid through the outlet valves. Rings of packing:ma.terial ~:. -.-are installed in the plunger bore to prevent the incoming .
15 fluid from leaking past the plunger. ~ach of the : .~.
packing rings, in cross-section, is:shaped like a chevron, and each ring has a central groove on the front side which functions as a hinge. The rear of :
each packing ring, therefore, has a generally convex -20 shape and the front face is of a generally concave shape. :
The bottom edge of each packing ring defines a lip which -.
. :
32,315~F
.
fits snugly against the plunger to provide the liquid-tight seal. ;
In one form of the packing assemblies now in use, the packing rings are set into the plunger bore in side-by-side relation. This structure is usually referred to as a single stack arrangement and generally includes a~out four packing rings. In front of the last packing ring in the stack is a metal (brass) female adaptor ring, a lubrication gland, a packing gland spacer, and a packing gland. The front face of the female adaptor ring has a generally concave shape, 50 that it can seat against the convex-shaped rear face of the first packing ring. Behind the first packing ring in the stack is a brass male adaptor ring. The 15 rear face of the male adaptor ring has a generally -convex shape, so that it can seat against the concave shaped front face of the first packing ring.
' .
Another arrangement of the packing rings is referred to as a double stack. This arrangement usually consists of two packing rings, with a female adaptor ring positioned in front of the last packing ring in the stack, a male adaptor ring positioned behind the first ring in the stack, and a male-female adaptor ring positioned between the two packing rings.
As the plunger moves back and forth in the -plunger bore, on the suction and discharge strokes of the pump, the lips of the packing rings drag considerably.
The adaptor rings keep the plunger concentric with the bore at the "fluid" end of the pump, and thus concentric with the packing rings. The adaptor rings also help to retain the integrity of the cross sectional dimensions .
32,315-F -2-.~. . .
~ ' .
of the packing rings. The adaptor rings now used in packing assemblies installed on plunger-type pumps have a serious de$ect which causes a wearing away of these rings, rather than lncreaslng the life of the packing. For example, the concave-shaped front faces on the female adaptor rlngs now avallable are formed wlth a ---90 degree angle, and the convex-~haped rear faces on the male -adaptor rings are formed with either a 90 degree angle or an angle of 115 degrees. Howe~er, the packlng rings now avallable have rear faces formed with an angle of either 110 degrees or 120 degrees, and the front face~ of these rings for~ an angle of 90 degrees. ~
The difference in the angle of the mating faces on the ;~-adaptor rings and the packing rings, makes it impossible to seat the adaptor rings snugly against the packing rings when the packing is installed in the plunger bore. In the packing `~
assemblies now ln use, therefore, there are wide gapæ between the adaptor rings and the packing rings that allow the r~ngs to wobble. This causes exce~sive wear on the packing a3 the plunger ~-moves back and forth in the plunger bore. In so~e instances, the wear is severe enough to reduce the operating life of the packing to only a few hours.
In the practice of the present lnventlon, the operating life of the packing iB con~lderably lmproved by pro~lding male and female adaptor rings with faces havlng an angle that precisely confor~s to the corresponding angle~ formed on the faces of the variou conventional packing rings now ln use. ~;~
~he pre~ent lnvention particularly resides in a packing assem~ly which is adapted to be lnstalled in a machine, such a6 a pump, ~he machine having a hou~ing with a plunger bore and a ~
plunger therein to provide a fluid-tight ~eal for the ~achine, the -assembly co~pri~es: a packing gland whlch fastens into one end of the plunger bora; a packing gland spacer po~itloned adjacent to and in contact with the packing gland; a lubrication gland positioned adjacent to and in contact wlth the packing gland spacer; a separate stack of packing rings, which includes at least - ' ' ' ,, - ' ' . " . , ' ., :. ' . ' .' ,' ' .' ,-: ' . " ' - - ' '. . ' ': ' ', ' '' . , ', ' : ' 132~02~
two packing rings, each ring in the stack has a front face defining a concave shape, a rear face defining a convex shape, and a groove, defining a concave shape, in the front face; a female adaptor ring positioned between the lubrication gland and the packing ring stack, the female adaptor ring has a front face wlth a concave shape, the concave shape defines an angle which substantially conforms to the angle defined by the convex shape of the rear face of the last packing rlng ln the stack, such that the .
front face of the female adaptor ring can seat firmly against the rear face of the last packing rlng; a male-female adaptor rlng positioned between two packing rings in the stack, the male-female adaptor ring has a front face and rear face, the rear face has a convex shape and an integral rlb member definin~ a convex shape, on said rear face, and the front face has a concave shape; the convex shape of the rear face of the male-female adaptor rlng defines an angle which subætantially conforms to the angle defined : -by the concave shape of the front face of the laæt packing rlng in the stack and the convex shape of the face of the last packaging -:
ring in the stack and the convex æhape of the rlb member substantially conforms to the concave shape of the groove in the front face of the laæt packing ring, æuch that the rear and the integral rib member of the male-female adaptor ring are able to seat firmly against the front face and groove, respectively, of the last packing rlng in the ætack; the concave shape of the front face of ~he male-female adaptor ring defineæ which substantlally conforms to the angle defined by the convex shape of the rear face of the first packing ring in the ætack, æuch that the front face of the male-female adaptor ring can seat firmly against the rear face of the first packing ring; æubstantially flat sealing surfaces between the front face and rear face of each of the -sealing rings forming seals with the plunger bore and the plunger;
a male adaptor ring posi~ioned ln front of the first packing ring in the stack, the male adaptor ring haæ a rear face with a convex shape, and an integral rib member, with the convex shape, on said rear face, the convex shape of the rear face of the male adaptor '. '' 4 ~:
~: .' , ' . .~' ' ., ' '':~ . .
1325025 :~
ring defines an angle which exactly conforms to the angle defined hy the concave shape of the front face of the first packing ring, and the convex shape of the rib member exactly conform~ to the concave shape of the groove in the front face of the first packlng ring, such that the rear face and the integral rib member of the male adaptor ring are able to seat firmly against the front face and groove, respectively, of the first packing ring the male adaptor's and male-female adaptor's convex rear shape, their rib members and the complementary front concave faces and grooves of the packing ring~ forming means for keeping the packing rings ~oncen~ric with the bore and the sealing ~urfaces of the packing ring~ in a sealed relationshlp wlth the plunger bore and the bore.
The invention will now be deæcrlbed in greater detail with reference to the accompanying drawing6, in which.
Figure 1 is a front elevation view, mostly in section, - ::
of a packing assembly of this invention. The packing assembly ls shown in its installed posltion in the plunger bore of a pump, with the packlng rings being arranged in a unitary stack ~-~ructure; and ~`
Figure 2 is a front elevation view of another embodiment of a packing a~embly of this invention, which is also installed in the plunger bore of a pump. The packlng rlngs ln this assembly are arranged ln a separated ~tack structure.
Referring to Flgure 1, the drawlng lllustrates a packlng as~embly sf ~his invention ln which the packlng rlngs are arranged in a unitary stack (referred to ln prior packing assemblies as a "~ingle ~tack"). Numeral 10 refer~ generally to a housing member in a plunger-type pump having a bore 11. During the suction ~roke of the pump~ a slidable plunger 12 moves backwardly along ~-bore 11 (to the left in Flgure 1), to draw fluld lnto the pump chamber (not ~hown). At the end of the suction stroke, plunger 12 re~er~e~ direction (to the rlght ln Figure 1) to displace the fluid from the chamber. Between the wall of bore 11 and the outside diame~^r of plunger 12 is a æpace, whlch is occupied by the packing a~embly of the invention co~prising a packing gland -., ,- ~'.
132~025 nut 13, which i~ threaded into the rear end of the ~ore 11. A
packing gland spacer 14, having a shoulder at one end, is positioned against a correspondlng shoulder on the packlng gland nut. A lubrication gland 15 is positloned against the ., 5a -:
" ~'~
' ' ' ' ': :; "' ' ' :' ~ , . . ' , ' . ' spacer 14 at one end. The opposite end of gland 15 engages the rear face of a female adaptor ring 16. The front face 16a of the female adaptor ring defines a concave shape. A unitary stack of packing rings 17 is provided in which the rear face of each packing ring 17, which faces toward the female adaptor ring 16, has -a convex shape. The opposite, or front face of each ~ -packing ring defines a concave shape. Along the front face of each packing ring is a concave-shaped groove, positioned at the center of the front face. This central groove acts as a hinge to allow the packing ~
ring to bend. The packing rings form a fluid-tight -seal between the wall of bore 11 and the outside diameter of plunger 12.
: 15 The unitary packing ring stack consists of four (4) rings. It will be understood, however, that the number of rings in the unitary stack can vary according to design calculations and other factors.
The packing assembly includes a male adaptor ring 18 which is positioned in front of the first packing ring in the stack. The first packing ring has a front face 18a, which has a concave shape. The male adaptor ring 18 includes an integral rib 18b which is positioned at -the center of the rear face and is of a generally convex shape.
The packing rings 17 are fabricated with a front face which defines an angle of either 110 degrees or 120 degrees, and the rear face of each ring defines ~-an angle of 90 degrees. In the practice of this inven-tion, therefore, the female adaptor ring 16 is fabri-cated such that the concave-shaped front face 16a forms an angle of 90 degrees. This enables the front face 32,315-F -6-3~ :
,-.,, ".,b 132502~
16a of the female adaptor ring to seat firmly against the rear face of the last packing ring in the stack.
The male adaptor ring 18 is fabricated such that the convex-shaped rear face 18a describes an angle of 110 degrees, or 120 degrees. In addition, the rib 18b is fabricated as an integral part of the rear face and has a convex shape which exactly conforms to the concave shape of thQ central groove (the hinge) in the first packing ring 17. The rib 18b on the male adaptor ring, therefore, is a critical part of the present invention, which enables the ring to seat firmly against the front face of the first packing ring. This is a distinct advantage over conventional packing arrangements, which do not have a rib or similar member on the face of the adaptor rings.
.
Figure 2 illustrates a packing assembly in which the packing rings are arranged in a separated stack structure (also referred to in the prior packing assemblies as a "double stack"). The parts which make up this packing assembly are the same as those used in the packing assembly illustrated in Figure 1, except for a male-female adaptor ring 19, which is not required in the unitary packing ring stack. The parts of the packing assembly in Figure 2 which are identical to those shown in Figure l are designated with the same reference numerals.
As shown, the female adaptor ring 16 is positioned between the lubrication gland 15 and the second packing ring 17, such that the concave-shaped front face 16a seats firmly against the convex-shaped rear face of the second packing ring. The male-female adaptor ring l9 is positioned between the tWQ packing - ~
. :
32,315-F -7-.,~,~, '' ., -8- 1 3 2 502~ `
rings 17 which make up the separated stack. The male-female adaptor ring has a rear face l9a with a convex shape. At the center of the rear face is an integral rib member l9b, which has a generally convex shape. The male adaptor ring 18, is positioned in front of the first packing ring in the stack. The adaptor ring 18 also has a rear face 18a, with a convex shape, which includes a convex-shaped integral rib member 18b, located at the center of the face.
The angle defined by the concave-shaped front face 16a of the female adaptor ring 16 (like the adaptor -ring 16 illustrated in Figure 1~ is 90 degrees, so that - -the adaptor ring can seat firmly against the rear face of the second ring 17 in the separated stack. The convex-shaped rear face l9a of the male-female adaptor ring 19 defines an angle of 110 degrees, or 120 degrees, and the convex shape of rib l9b matches the central groove in the front face of the second packing ring, so -that the adaptor ring can fit tightly against the packing ring. The angle on the concave-shaped front face l9c (like that of the adaptor ring 16), is 90 degrees, so that it conforms to the rear face of the first ring in the stack. The rear face 18a of the male adaptor ring 18 (like the rear face on adaptor 19) is -~
fabricated with an angle of either 110 degrees or 120 ~-degrees, so that it will fit snugly against the front face of the first packing ring.
In the practice of this invention, the adaptor rings are fabricated from brass, but other metal alloys or any material compatible with the environment in which the packing assembly must operate can be used.
The unitary stack arrangement of the packing rings is usually employed in a packing assembly when the fluid 32,315-F -8-.
~ ~ .
, ; ,~f i32S02~
pressure in the plunger bore is less than about 8,000 psi. When the pressure is between about 8,000 to about 20,000 psi, the separated stack arrangement is preferred.
Another factor to consider when choosing the separated stack arrangement, is that in this structure there is less packing material (the lips defined along the bottom èdges of the packing rings) in contact with the sliding plunger. Since there is less packing material in contact with the moving plunger, the operating life of the packing is usually noticeably longer than is the case in the unitary stack arrangement.
. ', :
:: .
.
'.
. PACKING ASSEMBLY FOR USE IN A PLUNGER BORE
:: .
The invention relates to an improved packing . .
assembly of the type used to prevent fluid leaks around a plunger. In a specific application, the packing ~ :
assembly is used in plunger-type pumps. `....... .
.. ~: :.
In various well treating operations, such as hydraulic fracturing, fluids are pumped into the wellbore -.. -.:
by plunger-type pumps, such as Triplex or Quintuplex .
pumps. On the suction stroke of~the pump,~each plunger is pulled along the plunger bore~away from~.the~valve : .::
10 chamber. At the end of the suction stroke, t he plunger .... :.
reverses direction and i5 pushed~back along the.bore toward the pump chamber, to displace~incoming fluid through the outlet valves. Rings of packing:ma.terial ~:. -.-are installed in the plunger bore to prevent the incoming .
15 fluid from leaking past the plunger. ~ach of the : .~.
packing rings, in cross-section, is:shaped like a chevron, and each ring has a central groove on the front side which functions as a hinge. The rear of :
each packing ring, therefore, has a generally convex -20 shape and the front face is of a generally concave shape. :
The bottom edge of each packing ring defines a lip which -.
. :
32,315~F
.
fits snugly against the plunger to provide the liquid-tight seal. ;
In one form of the packing assemblies now in use, the packing rings are set into the plunger bore in side-by-side relation. This structure is usually referred to as a single stack arrangement and generally includes a~out four packing rings. In front of the last packing ring in the stack is a metal (brass) female adaptor ring, a lubrication gland, a packing gland spacer, and a packing gland. The front face of the female adaptor ring has a generally concave shape, 50 that it can seat against the convex-shaped rear face of the first packing ring. Behind the first packing ring in the stack is a brass male adaptor ring. The 15 rear face of the male adaptor ring has a generally -convex shape, so that it can seat against the concave shaped front face of the first packing ring.
' .
Another arrangement of the packing rings is referred to as a double stack. This arrangement usually consists of two packing rings, with a female adaptor ring positioned in front of the last packing ring in the stack, a male adaptor ring positioned behind the first ring in the stack, and a male-female adaptor ring positioned between the two packing rings.
As the plunger moves back and forth in the -plunger bore, on the suction and discharge strokes of the pump, the lips of the packing rings drag considerably.
The adaptor rings keep the plunger concentric with the bore at the "fluid" end of the pump, and thus concentric with the packing rings. The adaptor rings also help to retain the integrity of the cross sectional dimensions .
32,315-F -2-.~. . .
~ ' .
of the packing rings. The adaptor rings now used in packing assemblies installed on plunger-type pumps have a serious de$ect which causes a wearing away of these rings, rather than lncreaslng the life of the packing. For example, the concave-shaped front faces on the female adaptor rlngs now avallable are formed wlth a ---90 degree angle, and the convex-~haped rear faces on the male -adaptor rings are formed with either a 90 degree angle or an angle of 115 degrees. Howe~er, the packlng rings now avallable have rear faces formed with an angle of either 110 degrees or 120 degrees, and the front face~ of these rings for~ an angle of 90 degrees. ~
The difference in the angle of the mating faces on the ;~-adaptor rings and the packing rings, makes it impossible to seat the adaptor rings snugly against the packing rings when the packing is installed in the plunger bore. In the packing `~
assemblies now ln use, therefore, there are wide gapæ between the adaptor rings and the packing rings that allow the r~ngs to wobble. This causes exce~sive wear on the packing a3 the plunger ~-moves back and forth in the plunger bore. In so~e instances, the wear is severe enough to reduce the operating life of the packing to only a few hours.
In the practice of the present lnventlon, the operating life of the packing iB con~lderably lmproved by pro~lding male and female adaptor rings with faces havlng an angle that precisely confor~s to the corresponding angle~ formed on the faces of the variou conventional packing rings now ln use. ~;~
~he pre~ent lnvention particularly resides in a packing assem~ly which is adapted to be lnstalled in a machine, such a6 a pump, ~he machine having a hou~ing with a plunger bore and a ~
plunger therein to provide a fluid-tight ~eal for the ~achine, the -assembly co~pri~es: a packing gland whlch fastens into one end of the plunger bora; a packing gland spacer po~itloned adjacent to and in contact with the packing gland; a lubrication gland positioned adjacent to and in contact wlth the packing gland spacer; a separate stack of packing rings, which includes at least - ' ' ' ,, - ' ' . " . , ' ., :. ' . ' .' ,' ' .' ,-: ' . " ' - - ' '. . ' ': ' ', ' '' . , ', ' : ' 132~02~
two packing rings, each ring in the stack has a front face defining a concave shape, a rear face defining a convex shape, and a groove, defining a concave shape, in the front face; a female adaptor ring positioned between the lubrication gland and the packing ring stack, the female adaptor ring has a front face wlth a concave shape, the concave shape defines an angle which substantially conforms to the angle defined by the convex shape of the rear face of the last packing rlng ln the stack, such that the .
front face of the female adaptor ring can seat firmly against the rear face of the last packing rlng; a male-female adaptor rlng positioned between two packing rings in the stack, the male-female adaptor ring has a front face and rear face, the rear face has a convex shape and an integral rlb member definin~ a convex shape, on said rear face, and the front face has a concave shape; the convex shape of the rear face of the male-female adaptor rlng defines an angle which subætantially conforms to the angle defined : -by the concave shape of the front face of the laæt packing rlng in the stack and the convex shape of the face of the last packaging -:
ring in the stack and the convex æhape of the rlb member substantially conforms to the concave shape of the groove in the front face of the laæt packing ring, æuch that the rear and the integral rib member of the male-female adaptor ring are able to seat firmly against the front face and groove, respectively, of the last packing rlng in the ætack; the concave shape of the front face of ~he male-female adaptor ring defineæ which substantlally conforms to the angle defined by the convex shape of the rear face of the first packing ring in the ætack, æuch that the front face of the male-female adaptor ring can seat firmly against the rear face of the first packing ring; æubstantially flat sealing surfaces between the front face and rear face of each of the -sealing rings forming seals with the plunger bore and the plunger;
a male adaptor ring posi~ioned ln front of the first packing ring in the stack, the male adaptor ring haæ a rear face with a convex shape, and an integral rib member, with the convex shape, on said rear face, the convex shape of the rear face of the male adaptor '. '' 4 ~:
~: .' , ' . .~' ' ., ' '':~ . .
1325025 :~
ring defines an angle which exactly conforms to the angle defined hy the concave shape of the front face of the first packing ring, and the convex shape of the rib member exactly conform~ to the concave shape of the groove in the front face of the first packlng ring, such that the rear face and the integral rib member of the male adaptor ring are able to seat firmly against the front face and groove, respectively, of the first packing ring the male adaptor's and male-female adaptor's convex rear shape, their rib members and the complementary front concave faces and grooves of the packing ring~ forming means for keeping the packing rings ~oncen~ric with the bore and the sealing ~urfaces of the packing ring~ in a sealed relationshlp wlth the plunger bore and the bore.
The invention will now be deæcrlbed in greater detail with reference to the accompanying drawing6, in which.
Figure 1 is a front elevation view, mostly in section, - ::
of a packing assembly of this invention. The packing assembly ls shown in its installed posltion in the plunger bore of a pump, with the packlng rings being arranged in a unitary stack ~-~ructure; and ~`
Figure 2 is a front elevation view of another embodiment of a packing a~embly of this invention, which is also installed in the plunger bore of a pump. The packlng rlngs ln this assembly are arranged ln a separated ~tack structure.
Referring to Flgure 1, the drawlng lllustrates a packlng as~embly sf ~his invention ln which the packlng rlngs are arranged in a unitary stack (referred to ln prior packing assemblies as a "~ingle ~tack"). Numeral 10 refer~ generally to a housing member in a plunger-type pump having a bore 11. During the suction ~roke of the pump~ a slidable plunger 12 moves backwardly along ~-bore 11 (to the left in Flgure 1), to draw fluld lnto the pump chamber (not ~hown). At the end of the suction stroke, plunger 12 re~er~e~ direction (to the rlght ln Figure 1) to displace the fluid from the chamber. Between the wall of bore 11 and the outside diame~^r of plunger 12 is a æpace, whlch is occupied by the packing a~embly of the invention co~prising a packing gland -., ,- ~'.
132~025 nut 13, which i~ threaded into the rear end of the ~ore 11. A
packing gland spacer 14, having a shoulder at one end, is positioned against a correspondlng shoulder on the packlng gland nut. A lubrication gland 15 is positloned against the ., 5a -:
" ~'~
' ' ' ' ': :; "' ' ' :' ~ , . . ' , ' . ' spacer 14 at one end. The opposite end of gland 15 engages the rear face of a female adaptor ring 16. The front face 16a of the female adaptor ring defines a concave shape. A unitary stack of packing rings 17 is provided in which the rear face of each packing ring 17, which faces toward the female adaptor ring 16, has -a convex shape. The opposite, or front face of each ~ -packing ring defines a concave shape. Along the front face of each packing ring is a concave-shaped groove, positioned at the center of the front face. This central groove acts as a hinge to allow the packing ~
ring to bend. The packing rings form a fluid-tight -seal between the wall of bore 11 and the outside diameter of plunger 12.
: 15 The unitary packing ring stack consists of four (4) rings. It will be understood, however, that the number of rings in the unitary stack can vary according to design calculations and other factors.
The packing assembly includes a male adaptor ring 18 which is positioned in front of the first packing ring in the stack. The first packing ring has a front face 18a, which has a concave shape. The male adaptor ring 18 includes an integral rib 18b which is positioned at -the center of the rear face and is of a generally convex shape.
The packing rings 17 are fabricated with a front face which defines an angle of either 110 degrees or 120 degrees, and the rear face of each ring defines ~-an angle of 90 degrees. In the practice of this inven-tion, therefore, the female adaptor ring 16 is fabri-cated such that the concave-shaped front face 16a forms an angle of 90 degrees. This enables the front face 32,315-F -6-3~ :
,-.,, ".,b 132502~
16a of the female adaptor ring to seat firmly against the rear face of the last packing ring in the stack.
The male adaptor ring 18 is fabricated such that the convex-shaped rear face 18a describes an angle of 110 degrees, or 120 degrees. In addition, the rib 18b is fabricated as an integral part of the rear face and has a convex shape which exactly conforms to the concave shape of thQ central groove (the hinge) in the first packing ring 17. The rib 18b on the male adaptor ring, therefore, is a critical part of the present invention, which enables the ring to seat firmly against the front face of the first packing ring. This is a distinct advantage over conventional packing arrangements, which do not have a rib or similar member on the face of the adaptor rings.
.
Figure 2 illustrates a packing assembly in which the packing rings are arranged in a separated stack structure (also referred to in the prior packing assemblies as a "double stack"). The parts which make up this packing assembly are the same as those used in the packing assembly illustrated in Figure 1, except for a male-female adaptor ring 19, which is not required in the unitary packing ring stack. The parts of the packing assembly in Figure 2 which are identical to those shown in Figure l are designated with the same reference numerals.
As shown, the female adaptor ring 16 is positioned between the lubrication gland 15 and the second packing ring 17, such that the concave-shaped front face 16a seats firmly against the convex-shaped rear face of the second packing ring. The male-female adaptor ring l9 is positioned between the tWQ packing - ~
. :
32,315-F -7-.,~,~, '' ., -8- 1 3 2 502~ `
rings 17 which make up the separated stack. The male-female adaptor ring has a rear face l9a with a convex shape. At the center of the rear face is an integral rib member l9b, which has a generally convex shape. The male adaptor ring 18, is positioned in front of the first packing ring in the stack. The adaptor ring 18 also has a rear face 18a, with a convex shape, which includes a convex-shaped integral rib member 18b, located at the center of the face.
The angle defined by the concave-shaped front face 16a of the female adaptor ring 16 (like the adaptor -ring 16 illustrated in Figure 1~ is 90 degrees, so that - -the adaptor ring can seat firmly against the rear face of the second ring 17 in the separated stack. The convex-shaped rear face l9a of the male-female adaptor ring 19 defines an angle of 110 degrees, or 120 degrees, and the convex shape of rib l9b matches the central groove in the front face of the second packing ring, so -that the adaptor ring can fit tightly against the packing ring. The angle on the concave-shaped front face l9c (like that of the adaptor ring 16), is 90 degrees, so that it conforms to the rear face of the first ring in the stack. The rear face 18a of the male adaptor ring 18 (like the rear face on adaptor 19) is -~
fabricated with an angle of either 110 degrees or 120 ~-degrees, so that it will fit snugly against the front face of the first packing ring.
In the practice of this invention, the adaptor rings are fabricated from brass, but other metal alloys or any material compatible with the environment in which the packing assembly must operate can be used.
The unitary stack arrangement of the packing rings is usually employed in a packing assembly when the fluid 32,315-F -8-.
~ ~ .
, ; ,~f i32S02~
pressure in the plunger bore is less than about 8,000 psi. When the pressure is between about 8,000 to about 20,000 psi, the separated stack arrangement is preferred.
Another factor to consider when choosing the separated stack arrangement, is that in this structure there is less packing material (the lips defined along the bottom èdges of the packing rings) in contact with the sliding plunger. Since there is less packing material in contact with the moving plunger, the operating life of the packing is usually noticeably longer than is the case in the unitary stack arrangement.
. ', :
:: .
.
'.
Claims (4)
1. A packing assembly which is adapted to be installed in a machine, such as a pump, the machine having a housing with a plunger bore and a plunger therein to provide a fluid-tight seal for the machine, the assembly comprises: a packing gland which fastens into one end of the plunger bore; a packing gland spacer positioned adjacent to and in contact with the packing gland; a lubrication gland positioned adjacent to and in contact with the packing gland spacer; a separate stack of packing rings, which includes at least two packing rings, each ring in the stack has a front face defining a concave shape, a rear face defining a convex shape, and a groove, defining a concave shape, in the front face a female adaptor ring positioned between the lubrication gland and the packing ring stack, the female adaptor ring has a front face with a concave shape, the concave shape defines an angle which substantially conforms to the angle defined by the convex shape of the rear face of the last packing ring in the stack, such that the front face of the female adaptor ring can seat firmly against the rear face of the last packing ring; a male-female adaptor ring positioned between two packing rings in the stack, the male-female adaptor ring has a front face and rear face, the rear face has a convex shape and an integral rib member defining a convex shape, on said rear face, and the front face has a concave shape; the convex shape of the rear face of the male-female adaptor ring defines an angle which substantially conforms to the angle defined by the concave shape of the front face of the last packing ring in the stack and the convex shape of the face of the last packaging ring in the stack and the convex shape of the rib member substantially conforms to the concave shape of the groove in the front face of the last packing ring, such that the rear and the integral rib member of the male-female adaptor ring are able to seat firmly against the front face and groove, respectively, of the last packing ring in the stack; the concave shape of the front face of the male-female adaptor ring defines which substantially conforms to the angle defined by the convex shape of the rear face of the first packing ring in the stack, such that the front face of the male-female adaptor ring can seat firmly against the rear face of the first packing ring; substantially flat sealing surfaces between the front face and rear face of each of the sealing rings forming seals with the plunger bore and the plunger;
a male adaptor ring positioned in front of the first packing ring in the stack, the male adaptor ring has a rear face with a convex shape, and an integral rib member, with the convex shape, on said rear face, the convex shape of the rear face of the male adaptor ring defines an angle which exactly conforms to the angle defined by the concave shape of the front face of the first packing ring, and the convex shape of the rib member exactly conforms to the concave shape of the groove in the front face of the first packing ring, such that the rear face and the integral rib member of the male adaptor ring are able to seat firmly against the front face and groove, respectively, of the first packing ring the male adaptor's and male-female adaptor's convex rear shape, their rib members and the complementary front concave faces and grooves of the packing rings forming means for keeping the packing rings concentric with the bore and the sealing surfaces of the packing rings in a sealed relationship with the plunger bore and the bore.
a male adaptor ring positioned in front of the first packing ring in the stack, the male adaptor ring has a rear face with a convex shape, and an integral rib member, with the convex shape, on said rear face, the convex shape of the rear face of the male adaptor ring defines an angle which exactly conforms to the angle defined by the concave shape of the front face of the first packing ring, and the convex shape of the rib member exactly conforms to the concave shape of the groove in the front face of the first packing ring, such that the rear face and the integral rib member of the male adaptor ring are able to seat firmly against the front face and groove, respectively, of the first packing ring the male adaptor's and male-female adaptor's convex rear shape, their rib members and the complementary front concave faces and grooves of the packing rings forming means for keeping the packing rings concentric with the bore and the sealing surfaces of the packing rings in a sealed relationship with the plunger bore and the bore.
2. The packing assembly of claim 1 in which the concave shape of the front face of the female adaptor ring defines an angle of about 90 degrees.
3. The packing assembly of claim 1 in which the convex shape of the rear face of the male-female adaptor ring defines an angle of from about 110 degrees to 120 degrees, and the concave shape of the front face of the adaptor ring defines an angle of about 90 degrees.
4. The packing assembly of claim 1 in which the convex shape of the rear face of the male adaptor ring defines an angle of about 110 degrees to 120 degrees.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US620,668 | 1984-06-14 | ||
| US06/620,668 US4572519A (en) | 1984-06-14 | 1984-06-14 | Packing assembly for use in a plunger bore |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1325025C true CA1325025C (en) | 1993-12-07 |
Family
ID=24486872
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000483899A Expired - Fee Related CA1325025C (en) | 1984-06-14 | 1985-06-13 | Packing assembly for use in a plunger bore |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4572519A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0185753B1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1325025C (en) |
| NO (1) | NO860527L (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1986000119A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (39)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4576385A (en) * | 1984-12-12 | 1986-03-18 | Fmc Corporation | Fluid packing assembly with alternating diverse seal ring elements |
| US4844411A (en) * | 1988-03-14 | 1989-07-04 | Goddard Industries, Inc. | Valve |
| DE3834610A1 (en) * | 1988-10-11 | 1990-04-12 | Loegel Jun | PUMP UNIT |
| US5338004A (en) * | 1990-07-16 | 1994-08-16 | Heil John S | Valve seal apparatus |
| US5549276A (en) * | 1991-01-24 | 1996-08-27 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Valve with perfluoroelastomer packing |
| US6212998B1 (en) | 1998-01-02 | 2001-04-10 | Graco Minnesota Inc. | Packings on pump rod |
| US6558141B2 (en) | 2001-04-12 | 2003-05-06 | Ingersoll-Rand Company | Packing assembly and reciprocating plunger pump incorporating same |
| CA2450432C (en) * | 2001-06-12 | 2007-12-04 | Utex Industries, Inc. | Packing assembly for rotary drilling swivels |
| CA2353708C (en) * | 2001-07-24 | 2008-09-02 | Enviroseal Engineering Products, Ltd. | Bushing arrangement for seal cavity protection in rotating fluid equipment |
| DE10322352A1 (en) * | 2002-06-24 | 2004-01-22 | Volkswagen Ag | Electrically driven compressor for a vehicle air conditioning system |
| US20070175627A1 (en) * | 2005-11-15 | 2007-08-02 | Pippert Frederick B | Stuffing box assembly and sealing assembly for use therein |
| EP1930633B1 (en) * | 2006-12-06 | 2010-10-06 | Shigeo Ando | High pressure sealing apparatus |
| JP5041896B2 (en) * | 2006-12-06 | 2012-10-03 | 成雄 安藤 | High pressure sealing device |
| US8714560B2 (en) * | 2009-04-28 | 2014-05-06 | Fisher Controls International Llc | Bidirectional seal assembly for use with valves |
| US8276918B1 (en) | 2011-07-18 | 2012-10-02 | Gilstad Barbara C | Plunger seal ring |
| US8496224B1 (en) | 2011-07-18 | 2013-07-30 | Dennis W. Gilstad | Tunable valve assembly |
| US8567754B1 (en) | 2011-07-18 | 2013-10-29 | Dennis W. Gilstad | Tunable valve assembly |
| US9080690B2 (en) | 2011-07-18 | 2015-07-14 | Dennis W. Gilstad | Tunable check valve |
| US8905376B2 (en) | 2011-07-18 | 2014-12-09 | Dennis W. Gilstad | Tunable check valve |
| US8292301B1 (en) | 2011-07-18 | 2012-10-23 | Gilstad Dennis W | Multifunction ring |
| US8720857B2 (en) | 2011-07-18 | 2014-05-13 | Dennis W. Gilstad | Tunable fluid end |
| US8567753B1 (en) | 2011-07-18 | 2013-10-29 | Dennis W. Gilstad | Tunable valve assembly |
| US8944409B2 (en) | 2011-07-18 | 2015-02-03 | Dennis W. Gilstad | Tunable fluid end |
| US9027636B2 (en) | 2011-07-18 | 2015-05-12 | Dennis W. Gilstad | Tunable down-hole stimulation system |
| US8210542B1 (en) | 2011-07-18 | 2012-07-03 | Gilstad Dennis W | Plunger seal ring |
| US8403337B1 (en) | 2011-07-18 | 2013-03-26 | Barbara C. Gilstad | Multifunction ring |
| US8746654B2 (en) | 2011-07-18 | 2014-06-10 | Dennis W. Gilstad | Tunable fluid end |
| US8827244B2 (en) | 2011-07-18 | 2014-09-09 | Dennis W. Gilstad | Tunable fluid end |
| US8708306B2 (en) | 2011-08-03 | 2014-04-29 | Barbara C. Gilstad | Tunable valve assembly |
| US8939200B1 (en) | 2011-07-18 | 2015-01-27 | Dennis W. Gilstad | Tunable hydraulic stimulator |
| US9239114B2 (en) * | 2012-11-05 | 2016-01-19 | Parker-Hannifin Corporation | Compressable sealing ring assembly |
| GB2515998B (en) * | 2013-05-01 | 2015-11-18 | Aes Eng Ltd | PFR bushing |
| US9169707B1 (en) | 2015-01-22 | 2015-10-27 | Dennis W. Gilstad | Tunable down-hole stimulation array |
| AU2017200739B2 (en) * | 2016-02-05 | 2022-06-09 | Graco Minnesota Inc. | Fluid pump leakage diversion |
| US11458605B2 (en) | 2018-03-28 | 2022-10-04 | Graco Minnesota Inc. | Packing insertion tool for paint and other fluid pumps |
| US10989306B2 (en) * | 2018-03-28 | 2021-04-27 | Graco Minnesota Inc. | Packing stack carrier for paint and other fluid pumps |
| US11054036B2 (en) | 2018-09-27 | 2021-07-06 | Seal-Ryt Corp. | Pillar lantern ring for a shaft sealing system |
| US12038086B2 (en) | 2019-06-19 | 2024-07-16 | Spm Oil & Gas Inc. | Moveable seal point packing system |
| US20220403933A1 (en) * | 2021-06-16 | 2022-12-22 | Trelleborg Sealing Solutions Us, Inc. | Pressure equilibrating sealing system |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2882104A (en) * | 1956-08-17 | 1959-04-14 | Harold A Guthans | Stern bearing packing glands |
| US3003797A (en) * | 1958-11-17 | 1961-10-10 | Gage Arthur Glover | Packing assembly |
| US3003793A (en) * | 1960-04-14 | 1961-10-10 | Edmund W Pitt | Longitudinally divided sleeved pipe coupling |
| US3586341A (en) * | 1969-06-16 | 1971-06-22 | Greene Tweed & Co Inc | Sealing construction |
| US3907307A (en) * | 1972-11-01 | 1975-09-23 | Exxon Production Research Co | Packing assembly |
| US4283062A (en) * | 1979-12-26 | 1981-08-11 | Cincinnati Milacron Inc. | Hydraulic injection molding machine stuffing box |
| US4384726A (en) * | 1981-11-02 | 1983-05-24 | Acf Industries, Incorporated | Expandable lubricating packing assembly for wellheads |
| US4440404A (en) * | 1982-08-09 | 1984-04-03 | Halliburton Company | Packing arrangement |
-
1984
- 1984-06-14 US US06/620,668 patent/US4572519A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1985
- 1985-06-13 EP EP85903495A patent/EP0185753B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1985-06-13 WO PCT/US1985/001134 patent/WO1986000119A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1985-06-13 CA CA000483899A patent/CA1325025C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1986
- 1986-02-13 NO NO860527A patent/NO860527L/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0185753A1 (en) | 1986-07-02 |
| NO860527L (en) | 1986-02-13 |
| US4572519A (en) | 1986-02-25 |
| WO1986000119A1 (en) | 1986-01-03 |
| EP0185753B1 (en) | 1992-08-26 |
| EP0185753A4 (en) | 1988-08-23 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKLA | Lapsed |