CA1306535C - Shelter device for the protection and thermal conditioning of apparatus, in particular electronic apparatus generating heat - Google Patents
Shelter device for the protection and thermal conditioning of apparatus, in particular electronic apparatus generating heatInfo
- Publication number
- CA1306535C CA1306535C CA000574231A CA574231A CA1306535C CA 1306535 C CA1306535 C CA 1306535C CA 000574231 A CA000574231 A CA 000574231A CA 574231 A CA574231 A CA 574231A CA 1306535 C CA1306535 C CA 1306535C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- ambient
- circuits
- length
- electronic apparatus
- outside
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000031070 response to heat Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Cooling Or The Like Of Electrical Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
A container device for the protection and thermal conditioning of electronic apparatus generating heat consisting of two heat exchangers each consisting of a plurality of annular circuits, structurally independent, containing a fluid acting as a thermal carrier.
A container device for the protection and thermal conditioning of electronic apparatus generating heat consisting of two heat exchangers each consisting of a plurality of annular circuits, structurally independent, containing a fluid acting as a thermal carrier.
Description
13~653S
Tltle: SHELTER DEVICE FOR ~IE PROTECTION AND
THERMAL CONDITIONING OF APPARATUS, IN
PARTlCULAR ELECTRONIC APPARATUS GEN~RATING
HEAT
BACRGROUND
This lnvention refers to a container device for the protection and thermal conditionlng of apparatus, and in partlcular electronic apparatus generating heat, of a structural type consisting of a closed box in which is defined an ambient adapted to contain one or more electronic apparatus, and also at least one heat exchanger, placed ln close proximity to the ceillng of the box structure, with a thermal carryin~ fluid flowing through it and having at least one part of the heat exchanger ln the said ambient.
In the field of installation of electronic apparatus such as units which are a part of telecom~unication or radar systems, and remote centers for collection of data, it is well known the necessity to protect this apparatus against atmospheric agents and to maintain the ambient in which it is placed at a temperature as near as possible constant and equal to the value established during the development of the project, and necessary for the correct functioning over long periods of time.
To satisfy this above mentioned necessity, and in particular when the electronic apparatus must be installed in remote and isolated areas A ~
1~0653~i or when regular malntenance i6 not necessary, lt i8 well known that the use of 8 protcctive and thermal conditioning device known ln the Engli6h language as "shelter". Thls device generally consises of a box shape structure ~lth lnsulated walls to limit the ehermal exchsnge wIth the outside, and also includes more or less complex systems for the disposal of excess heat accumulated lnslde produced not only from the power dissipated by the electronic apparatus whilst functloning, but slso by eventual increases ~n the external ambi2ntal temperature.
In particular the conventional devices use as Systems for dispersion of the heat, one or more complex heat exchangers wlth a flow of thermal carrying fluid, which dissipates the excess heat from the shelter in which the electronic apparatus is located, through suitable panels located outside the device. The aforementioned heat exchangers are preferred to air conditioners and heat pumps as they are more reliable and do not need maintenance, or source of energy, as the circulation is by thermal carrying fluid and natural convection.
However, the conventional devices of the abovementioned type present major inconveniences as the efficiency of the dispersal of the heat is inadequate. In fact, if on one hand the difference in the temperature existing between the internal ambient in which is installed the electronic apparatus, and the external ambient is, at least during the coldest part of the day, sufficient to effect the circulation of the heat fluid by natural convection, the liquid circulation is subject to a loss of force. In particular in the thermal exchange panels and in the eventual manifolds and tanks which are an obstacle for the circulation.
The basic problem for the invention to resolve is to contrive a device for the protection and thermal conditioning of electronic ~3~)6~35 apparatus which represents structural characteristics and a functioni.ny to at least mitigate the inconveniences previously specified.
In accordance with the invention there is provided a device for the protection and therrnal conditioning of heat generating apparatus such as electronic apparatus, comprising a closed box form structure i~ which is defined an ambient adapted to contain one or more electronic apparatus and at least one heat exchanger placed in close proximity to the ceiling of the box form structure consisting of a plurality of closed circuits containing a thermal carrying fluid which moves solely as a result of natural convection, said circuits having a length within said ambient and a portion outside of said ambient, said length within said ambient being emersed in a predetermined quantity of a mixture of paraffins susceptible to a change in state at a temperature lower than a temperature predetermined for said ambient, said portion of a least one of said circuits outside of said ambient consisting of two parallel conduits, said material being enclosed in the annular space between said length of said circuit within said ambient and a surrounding housing having a diameter larger than said length of said circuit within said ambient, and said length of said circuit within said ambient being furnished internally with longitudinal fins.
The said housing is externally furnished with helical fins.
Also in accordance with the inventicn there is provided a device for the protection and thermal conditioning of heat A
13~1~535 generating apparatus such as electronic apparatus, comprising a closed box form structure in whlch is defined an ambient adapted to contain one or more electronic apparatus and at least one heat exchanger placed in close proximity to the ceiling of the box form structure consisting of a plurality of closed circuits containing a thermal carrying fluid which moves solely as a result of natural convection, said circuits having a length within said ambient and a portion outside of said ambient, said length within said ambient being emersed in a predetermined quantity of a mixture of paraffins susceptible to a change in state at a temperature lower than a temperature predetermined for said ambient, said portion of at least one of said circuits outside of said ambient consisting of two parallel conduits, and a plurality of cavities formed within the lateral walls of the said box-shaped structure, said cavities containing a predetermined ~uantity of a material susceptible to a change in state at a temperature lower than a temperature predetermined for said ambient.
The said lateral walls may be furnished with fins extended in the ambient, and they may be furnished externally with fins extending to the outside of the box-shaped structure.
Further in accordance with the invention there is provided a container device for the protection and thermal conditioning of apparatus, in particular electronic apparatus that generates heat, comprising a closed box for structure in which is defined an ambient adapted to contain one more electronic apparatus and heat exchange means placed in close proximity to the ceiling of the box shaped structure, said heat exchange means including a plurality of independent closed circuits, each of said closed circuits containing a thermal carrying fluid, said fluid in each of the closed circuits being adapted to change density and to circulate in its respective circuit by natural convection in response to heat generated within said ambient, each of said independent closed circuits having a length within said ambient and a portion outside of said ambient, said portion of at least one of said circuits disposed outside of the ambient cosisting of two parallel conduits, one of said parallel conduits being vertically aligned with the other of said parallel conduits.
The aforementioned length within said ambient may be emersed in a predetermined quantity of material susceptible to a chanye in state at a temperature lower than a temperature predetermined for said ambient. Said portion may define at least one of said circuits disposed outside of the ambient defines a longer fluid path outside of the ambient than the length of said at least one of said circuits disposed inside of the ambient.
Further in accordance with the invention there is provided a device for the protection and thermal conditioning of heat generating apparatus such as electronic apparatus, comprising a closed box form structure in which is defined an ambient adapted to contain one or more electronic apparatus and at least one heat exchanger placed in close proximity to the ceiling of the box form structure consisting of a plurality of closed circuits containing a thermal carrying fluid which moves - 4b -~3~ 5 solely as a result of natural convection, each of said circuits having a lenyth within said ambient and a portion outside of said ambient, said length within said ambient being emersed in a predetermined ~uantity of a mixture of paraffins susceptible to a change in state at a temperature lower than a temperature predetermined for said ambient, said portion of a least one of said circuits outside of said ambient consisting of two parallel conduits, said length within said ambient being furnished internally with longitudinal fins.
Containers which are particularly preferred embodiments of the invention are described in the following description, with data and names indicative and not limited to the references in the attached drawings, wherein:-~RIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a first example of acontainer device conforming to the invention;
Fig. 2 is a sectioned side view of the device in Fig. l;
Fig. 3 is a sectioned front view of the device in Fig.
l; in section according to the lines III-III of Fig. 2;
Figs. 4 and 5 are respective views in a larger scale of details of the device in section according to the lines IV-IV
and V-V of Fig. 2;
Fig. 6 is a frontal view, in section, of a second example of container device conforming to the invention; and Fig. 7 is an enlarged scale view of a detail of the device in Fig. 6 in section along the lines VII-VII.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
With reference to the abovementioned figures, in Fig. 1 - 4c -130~53S
is indicated a container device usually known as a ~shelter",for the protection against atmospheric agents, wlth thermal conditioning of - 4d -13()6~35 electronic apparat~s 2 ~hich iB lt6elf conventional; ln deeail; this electronlc apparatus 2, two ln the example lllustrsted, ge~erates heat which prevalently rises whlle operatlng.
The contalner device 1 consists of a closed box shaped s~r~cture 3 with a base 4, a counter-positioned celling 5 snd slde walls 6, 7, 8 and 9.
In the lateral wall 6 ls an entrance 6a, closed by a door 10.
In the box structure 3 is defined an amblent 11 adapted ~o hold the electronic apparatus 2.
Advantageously an insulatlon 12 is fixed externally to each of the lateral walls 6-9 to limit the thermal exchange with the outside.
Furthermore, the lateral walls 6-9 may be finned with fins 13 vertically extending into the ambient 11.
With 14 is indicated a plurality of cavities formed in each lateral wall 6-9.
The device 1 is a container consisting of two equal heat exchangers, each indicated by 15, ln which circulates a thermal carrying fluid flowing by natural convection carrying away the excess heat in the ambient 11 and dispersing it outside the device 1 itself.
The heat exchangers 15 are structurally independent and are both supported in close proximity to the ceiling 5 of the box shaped structure 3.
Each heat exchanger 15 consists of a plurality of conduits positioned according to six closed circuits 16, 17, 18, 19, 20 and 21.
They are parallel, structurally independent and in an orderly array.
In detail each closed circuit 19-21 consists of an internal conduit 22 extendeding into the ambient 11 with a horizontal length 22a ~3{)6~3S
lnternally holding longitudlnal flns 23, and an external conduit 24 supported at the outside of the box shaped structure 3 and connected to the lnternal conduit 22 through the openlngs formed ln the celllng 5, and an intermedlate conduit 25, which i6 also external to the box structure, connected in parallel to the external condult 24.
~ urthermore, respective horizontal lengths 24a and 25a of the external conduits 24 and intermediate conduits 25 are externally finned.
The container device 1 also consists of a plurality of housings 26 placed over respective horizontal lengths 22a of lnternal condults 22 and c]osed around them so that between each housing 26 and corresponding length 22a of conduit there is deflned an annular area 27.
Advantageously the housings 26 are externally furnished with helical fins 28 to increase the thermal exchange surface with the ambient 11.
In the areas 27 ls contained a predetermlned quantity of material M
susceptible to a change of state at a temperature T lower than a temperature TA predetermined for this ambient ll for the correct functioning of the electronic apparatus 2.
Advantageously, the cavities 14 in the lateral walls 6-9 are filled with the said material M.
According to a preferred form of realizing the invention versus a temperature TA of around 35C this material M is a mixture of normal paraffin C-18 which melts at a temperature T of about 27C..
The horizontal lengths 22a which constitute the prevailing part of the internal conduits 22, therefore are immersed in the said material M.
During operation, material M acts as a heat buffer. During periods of increasing ambient temperature, material M absorbs heat and increases in temperat~re until it reaches its meltlng polnt. Then, material M
continues to absorb heat whlle malntainlng ltself at 8 substantlally constant temperature by changlng lts state from solld to liquid. Over time, thls process is reversed and repeated.
It is important to note that to ~void excessive lncrea8es ln temperature, lt is necessary to etop the completlon of the change of state of all of the quantity of the material M. For this reason the quantity of material M is predetermined ln a way 50 that the change of ~tate is not completed, even durlng the hottest part of the day when the external temperature of the devlce ls hlgher than the te~perature T and therefore the thermal carrying fluid does not remove the heat to the outside. Durin~ the night hours, the external temperature of the device 1 falls below temperature T. As soon as this is achieved, the circulation of the thermal carrying fluid by natural convection in the heat exchanger 15 takes place and it is then possible to remove the excess heat accumulated in the quantity of material M.
A particular feature employed for the purpose of maintalning constant the temperature of the ambient in which is located the electronic apparatus, is, for the same motives previously indicated, the use of this material M in the cavities formed in the lateral walls of the box shaped structure.
Futhermore, in the case of electronic apparatus of high power additional finned containers can be provided, not illustrated, and located close to lateral walls 6-9, and in which there are ulterior quantities of the above mentioned material M.
Advantageously, a mixture of normal paraffin has been chosen as material M having a performance in terms of temperature change from a solid state to a liquid state that is particularly suitable to ~306535 maintalning the internal amblent of the container devlce At substantlally constant temperature and ln practlce lndependent from the variaelons of the external temperature, as is necessary for the correct functioning of the electronlc apparatus.
The contalner devlce as per ehe lnvention has the princlple advantage of belng a unlt with structural simplicity and with a high efflciency ln the removal of excess heat. In partlcular, the present container device uses heat exchangers with lndependent anullar circuits in which the thermal carrying fluid circulates by natural convention.
The foresight of using heat exchangers with independent circuits is extremely advantageous for reliability reasons.
Furthermore the above described container device does not require regular maintenance and therefore a reliable functioning over a long period of time can be expected.
A further advantage of the invented device is that it offers an ample range of use not only for the type of apparatus to be contained, but also regarding the external climatic conditions. In fact this device can be used under ~ost diverse circumstances by varying the quantity or the type of mixture of paraffin contained in the cavities in the lateral walls and in the areas between the housings and the horizontal lengths of the internal conduits, chosing an adequate thermal carrying fluid and dimensioning in an appropriate mode the conduits and their fins.
In the case that further protection of the electronlc apparatus is required for example, for security reasons, advantageously, an alternate container device as per the invention and illustrated in Fig. 6 and 7 may be used. In this device 1, the components which are structurally or functlonally equlvalent to those already described wlth reference to the contalner device lllustrated ln flgures 1 to 5 are lndlcated with the same reference numbers and will not be descrlbed once again.
The closed seructured box 3 will ~dvantageously be placed completely underground, and the lateral walls 6-9, whlch will be ln contact with the ground are without lnsulatlon and have externally a plurallty of vertical flns 29 extended over the entire surface of the lateral walls to incrPase the surface of thermal exchange with the ground.
Optionally, as shown by container devlce 1, deplcted ln Flg. 6 only the closed clrcults 16 and 21, external ln respect to the closed clrcuits 17, 18, 19 and 20, ~ay include an intermediate and respective conduit 25.
Tltle: SHELTER DEVICE FOR ~IE PROTECTION AND
THERMAL CONDITIONING OF APPARATUS, IN
PARTlCULAR ELECTRONIC APPARATUS GEN~RATING
HEAT
BACRGROUND
This lnvention refers to a container device for the protection and thermal conditionlng of apparatus, and in partlcular electronic apparatus generating heat, of a structural type consisting of a closed box in which is defined an ambient adapted to contain one or more electronic apparatus, and also at least one heat exchanger, placed ln close proximity to the ceillng of the box structure, with a thermal carryin~ fluid flowing through it and having at least one part of the heat exchanger ln the said ambient.
In the field of installation of electronic apparatus such as units which are a part of telecom~unication or radar systems, and remote centers for collection of data, it is well known the necessity to protect this apparatus against atmospheric agents and to maintain the ambient in which it is placed at a temperature as near as possible constant and equal to the value established during the development of the project, and necessary for the correct functioning over long periods of time.
To satisfy this above mentioned necessity, and in particular when the electronic apparatus must be installed in remote and isolated areas A ~
1~0653~i or when regular malntenance i6 not necessary, lt i8 well known that the use of 8 protcctive and thermal conditioning device known ln the Engli6h language as "shelter". Thls device generally consises of a box shape structure ~lth lnsulated walls to limit the ehermal exchsnge wIth the outside, and also includes more or less complex systems for the disposal of excess heat accumulated lnslde produced not only from the power dissipated by the electronic apparatus whilst functloning, but slso by eventual increases ~n the external ambi2ntal temperature.
In particular the conventional devices use as Systems for dispersion of the heat, one or more complex heat exchangers wlth a flow of thermal carrying fluid, which dissipates the excess heat from the shelter in which the electronic apparatus is located, through suitable panels located outside the device. The aforementioned heat exchangers are preferred to air conditioners and heat pumps as they are more reliable and do not need maintenance, or source of energy, as the circulation is by thermal carrying fluid and natural convection.
However, the conventional devices of the abovementioned type present major inconveniences as the efficiency of the dispersal of the heat is inadequate. In fact, if on one hand the difference in the temperature existing between the internal ambient in which is installed the electronic apparatus, and the external ambient is, at least during the coldest part of the day, sufficient to effect the circulation of the heat fluid by natural convection, the liquid circulation is subject to a loss of force. In particular in the thermal exchange panels and in the eventual manifolds and tanks which are an obstacle for the circulation.
The basic problem for the invention to resolve is to contrive a device for the protection and thermal conditioning of electronic ~3~)6~35 apparatus which represents structural characteristics and a functioni.ny to at least mitigate the inconveniences previously specified.
In accordance with the invention there is provided a device for the protection and therrnal conditioning of heat generating apparatus such as electronic apparatus, comprising a closed box form structure i~ which is defined an ambient adapted to contain one or more electronic apparatus and at least one heat exchanger placed in close proximity to the ceiling of the box form structure consisting of a plurality of closed circuits containing a thermal carrying fluid which moves solely as a result of natural convection, said circuits having a length within said ambient and a portion outside of said ambient, said length within said ambient being emersed in a predetermined quantity of a mixture of paraffins susceptible to a change in state at a temperature lower than a temperature predetermined for said ambient, said portion of a least one of said circuits outside of said ambient consisting of two parallel conduits, said material being enclosed in the annular space between said length of said circuit within said ambient and a surrounding housing having a diameter larger than said length of said circuit within said ambient, and said length of said circuit within said ambient being furnished internally with longitudinal fins.
The said housing is externally furnished with helical fins.
Also in accordance with the inventicn there is provided a device for the protection and thermal conditioning of heat A
13~1~535 generating apparatus such as electronic apparatus, comprising a closed box form structure in whlch is defined an ambient adapted to contain one or more electronic apparatus and at least one heat exchanger placed in close proximity to the ceiling of the box form structure consisting of a plurality of closed circuits containing a thermal carrying fluid which moves solely as a result of natural convection, said circuits having a length within said ambient and a portion outside of said ambient, said length within said ambient being emersed in a predetermined quantity of a mixture of paraffins susceptible to a change in state at a temperature lower than a temperature predetermined for said ambient, said portion of at least one of said circuits outside of said ambient consisting of two parallel conduits, and a plurality of cavities formed within the lateral walls of the said box-shaped structure, said cavities containing a predetermined ~uantity of a material susceptible to a change in state at a temperature lower than a temperature predetermined for said ambient.
The said lateral walls may be furnished with fins extended in the ambient, and they may be furnished externally with fins extending to the outside of the box-shaped structure.
Further in accordance with the invention there is provided a container device for the protection and thermal conditioning of apparatus, in particular electronic apparatus that generates heat, comprising a closed box for structure in which is defined an ambient adapted to contain one more electronic apparatus and heat exchange means placed in close proximity to the ceiling of the box shaped structure, said heat exchange means including a plurality of independent closed circuits, each of said closed circuits containing a thermal carrying fluid, said fluid in each of the closed circuits being adapted to change density and to circulate in its respective circuit by natural convection in response to heat generated within said ambient, each of said independent closed circuits having a length within said ambient and a portion outside of said ambient, said portion of at least one of said circuits disposed outside of the ambient cosisting of two parallel conduits, one of said parallel conduits being vertically aligned with the other of said parallel conduits.
The aforementioned length within said ambient may be emersed in a predetermined quantity of material susceptible to a chanye in state at a temperature lower than a temperature predetermined for said ambient. Said portion may define at least one of said circuits disposed outside of the ambient defines a longer fluid path outside of the ambient than the length of said at least one of said circuits disposed inside of the ambient.
Further in accordance with the invention there is provided a device for the protection and thermal conditioning of heat generating apparatus such as electronic apparatus, comprising a closed box form structure in which is defined an ambient adapted to contain one or more electronic apparatus and at least one heat exchanger placed in close proximity to the ceiling of the box form structure consisting of a plurality of closed circuits containing a thermal carrying fluid which moves - 4b -~3~ 5 solely as a result of natural convection, each of said circuits having a lenyth within said ambient and a portion outside of said ambient, said length within said ambient being emersed in a predetermined ~uantity of a mixture of paraffins susceptible to a change in state at a temperature lower than a temperature predetermined for said ambient, said portion of a least one of said circuits outside of said ambient consisting of two parallel conduits, said length within said ambient being furnished internally with longitudinal fins.
Containers which are particularly preferred embodiments of the invention are described in the following description, with data and names indicative and not limited to the references in the attached drawings, wherein:-~RIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a first example of acontainer device conforming to the invention;
Fig. 2 is a sectioned side view of the device in Fig. l;
Fig. 3 is a sectioned front view of the device in Fig.
l; in section according to the lines III-III of Fig. 2;
Figs. 4 and 5 are respective views in a larger scale of details of the device in section according to the lines IV-IV
and V-V of Fig. 2;
Fig. 6 is a frontal view, in section, of a second example of container device conforming to the invention; and Fig. 7 is an enlarged scale view of a detail of the device in Fig. 6 in section along the lines VII-VII.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
With reference to the abovementioned figures, in Fig. 1 - 4c -130~53S
is indicated a container device usually known as a ~shelter",for the protection against atmospheric agents, wlth thermal conditioning of - 4d -13()6~35 electronic apparat~s 2 ~hich iB lt6elf conventional; ln deeail; this electronlc apparatus 2, two ln the example lllustrsted, ge~erates heat which prevalently rises whlle operatlng.
The contalner device 1 consists of a closed box shaped s~r~cture 3 with a base 4, a counter-positioned celling 5 snd slde walls 6, 7, 8 and 9.
In the lateral wall 6 ls an entrance 6a, closed by a door 10.
In the box structure 3 is defined an amblent 11 adapted ~o hold the electronic apparatus 2.
Advantageously an insulatlon 12 is fixed externally to each of the lateral walls 6-9 to limit the thermal exchange with the outside.
Furthermore, the lateral walls 6-9 may be finned with fins 13 vertically extending into the ambient 11.
With 14 is indicated a plurality of cavities formed in each lateral wall 6-9.
The device 1 is a container consisting of two equal heat exchangers, each indicated by 15, ln which circulates a thermal carrying fluid flowing by natural convection carrying away the excess heat in the ambient 11 and dispersing it outside the device 1 itself.
The heat exchangers 15 are structurally independent and are both supported in close proximity to the ceiling 5 of the box shaped structure 3.
Each heat exchanger 15 consists of a plurality of conduits positioned according to six closed circuits 16, 17, 18, 19, 20 and 21.
They are parallel, structurally independent and in an orderly array.
In detail each closed circuit 19-21 consists of an internal conduit 22 extendeding into the ambient 11 with a horizontal length 22a ~3{)6~3S
lnternally holding longitudlnal flns 23, and an external conduit 24 supported at the outside of the box shaped structure 3 and connected to the lnternal conduit 22 through the openlngs formed ln the celllng 5, and an intermedlate conduit 25, which i6 also external to the box structure, connected in parallel to the external condult 24.
~ urthermore, respective horizontal lengths 24a and 25a of the external conduits 24 and intermediate conduits 25 are externally finned.
The container device 1 also consists of a plurality of housings 26 placed over respective horizontal lengths 22a of lnternal condults 22 and c]osed around them so that between each housing 26 and corresponding length 22a of conduit there is deflned an annular area 27.
Advantageously the housings 26 are externally furnished with helical fins 28 to increase the thermal exchange surface with the ambient 11.
In the areas 27 ls contained a predetermlned quantity of material M
susceptible to a change of state at a temperature T lower than a temperature TA predetermined for this ambient ll for the correct functioning of the electronic apparatus 2.
Advantageously, the cavities 14 in the lateral walls 6-9 are filled with the said material M.
According to a preferred form of realizing the invention versus a temperature TA of around 35C this material M is a mixture of normal paraffin C-18 which melts at a temperature T of about 27C..
The horizontal lengths 22a which constitute the prevailing part of the internal conduits 22, therefore are immersed in the said material M.
During operation, material M acts as a heat buffer. During periods of increasing ambient temperature, material M absorbs heat and increases in temperat~re until it reaches its meltlng polnt. Then, material M
continues to absorb heat whlle malntainlng ltself at 8 substantlally constant temperature by changlng lts state from solld to liquid. Over time, thls process is reversed and repeated.
It is important to note that to ~void excessive lncrea8es ln temperature, lt is necessary to etop the completlon of the change of state of all of the quantity of the material M. For this reason the quantity of material M is predetermined ln a way 50 that the change of ~tate is not completed, even durlng the hottest part of the day when the external temperature of the devlce ls hlgher than the te~perature T and therefore the thermal carrying fluid does not remove the heat to the outside. Durin~ the night hours, the external temperature of the device 1 falls below temperature T. As soon as this is achieved, the circulation of the thermal carrying fluid by natural convection in the heat exchanger 15 takes place and it is then possible to remove the excess heat accumulated in the quantity of material M.
A particular feature employed for the purpose of maintalning constant the temperature of the ambient in which is located the electronic apparatus, is, for the same motives previously indicated, the use of this material M in the cavities formed in the lateral walls of the box shaped structure.
Futhermore, in the case of electronic apparatus of high power additional finned containers can be provided, not illustrated, and located close to lateral walls 6-9, and in which there are ulterior quantities of the above mentioned material M.
Advantageously, a mixture of normal paraffin has been chosen as material M having a performance in terms of temperature change from a solid state to a liquid state that is particularly suitable to ~306535 maintalning the internal amblent of the container devlce At substantlally constant temperature and ln practlce lndependent from the variaelons of the external temperature, as is necessary for the correct functioning of the electronlc apparatus.
The contalner devlce as per ehe lnvention has the princlple advantage of belng a unlt with structural simplicity and with a high efflciency ln the removal of excess heat. In partlcular, the present container device uses heat exchangers with lndependent anullar circuits in which the thermal carrying fluid circulates by natural convention.
The foresight of using heat exchangers with independent circuits is extremely advantageous for reliability reasons.
Furthermore the above described container device does not require regular maintenance and therefore a reliable functioning over a long period of time can be expected.
A further advantage of the invented device is that it offers an ample range of use not only for the type of apparatus to be contained, but also regarding the external climatic conditions. In fact this device can be used under ~ost diverse circumstances by varying the quantity or the type of mixture of paraffin contained in the cavities in the lateral walls and in the areas between the housings and the horizontal lengths of the internal conduits, chosing an adequate thermal carrying fluid and dimensioning in an appropriate mode the conduits and their fins.
In the case that further protection of the electronlc apparatus is required for example, for security reasons, advantageously, an alternate container device as per the invention and illustrated in Fig. 6 and 7 may be used. In this device 1, the components which are structurally or functlonally equlvalent to those already described wlth reference to the contalner device lllustrated ln flgures 1 to 5 are lndlcated with the same reference numbers and will not be descrlbed once again.
The closed seructured box 3 will ~dvantageously be placed completely underground, and the lateral walls 6-9, whlch will be ln contact with the ground are without lnsulatlon and have externally a plurallty of vertical flns 29 extended over the entire surface of the lateral walls to incrPase the surface of thermal exchange with the ground.
Optionally, as shown by container devlce 1, deplcted ln Flg. 6 only the closed clrcults 16 and 21, external ln respect to the closed clrcuits 17, 18, 19 and 20, ~ay include an intermediate and respective conduit 25.
Claims (9)
1. A device for the protection and thermal conditioning of heat generating apparatus such as electronic apparatus, comprising a closed box form structure in which is defined an ambient adapted to contain one or more electronic apparatus and at least one heat exchanger placed in close proximity to the ceiling of the box form structure consisting of a plurality of closed circuits containing a thermal carrying fluid which moves solely as a result of natural convection, said circuits having a length within said ambient and a portion outside of said ambient, said length within said ambient being emersed in a predetermined quantity of a mixture of paraffins susceptible to a change in state at a temperature lower than a temperature predetermined for said ambient, said portion of a least one of said circuits outside of said ambient consisting of two parallel conduits, said material being enclosed in the annular space between said length of said circuit within said ambient and a surrounding housing having a diameter larger than said length of said circuit within said ambient, and said length of said circuit within said ambient being furnished internally with longitudinal fins.
2. A device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the said housing is externally furnished with helical fins.
3. A device for the protection and thermal conditioning of heat generating apparatus such as electronic apparatus, comprising a closed box form structure in which is defined an ambient adapted to contain one or more electronic apparatus and at least one heat exchanger placed in close proximity to the ceiling of the box form structure consisting of a plurality of closed circuits containing a thermal carrying fluid which moves solely as a result of natural convection, said circuits having a length within said ambient and a portion outside of said ambient, said length within said ambient being emersed in a predetermined quantity of a mixture of paraffins susceptible to a change in state at a temperature lower than a temperature predetermined for said ambient, said portion of at least one of said circuits outside of said ambient consisting of two parallel conduits, and a plurality of cavities formed within the lateral walls of the said box-shaped structure, said cavities containing a predetermined quantity of a material susceptible to a change in state at a temperature lower than a temperature predetermined for said ambient.
4. A device as claimed in claim 3, wherein the said lateral walls are furnished with fins extended in the said ambient.
5. Container device as claimed in claim 4, wherein the said lateral walls are furnished externally with fins extending to the outside of the box-shaped structure.
6. Container device for the protection and thermal conditioning of apparatus, in particular electronic apparatus that generates heat, comprising a closed box for structure in which is defined an ambient adapted to contain one more electronic apparatus and heat exchange means placed in close proximity to the ceiling of the box shaped structure, said heat exchange means including a plurality of independent closed circuits, each of said closed circuits containing a thermal carrying fluid, said fluid in each of the closed circuits being adapted to change density and to circulate in its respective circuit by natural convection in response to heat generated within said ambient, each of said independent closed circuits having a length within said ambient and a portion outside of said ambient, said portion of at least one of said circuits disposed outside of the ambient cosisting of two parallel conduits, one of said parallel conduits being vertically aligned with the other of said parallel conduits.
7. Container device as claimed in claim 6, wherein the aforementioned length within said ambient is immersed in a predetermined quantity of material susceptible to a change in state at a temperature lower than a temperature predetermined for said ambient.
8. Container device as claimed in claim 6 or 7, wherein said portion of said at least one of said circuits disposed outside of the ambient defines a longer fluid path outside of the ambient than the length of said at least one of said circuits disposed inside of the ambient.
9. A device for the protection and thermal conditioning of heat generating apparatus such as electronic apparatus, comprising a closed box form structure in which is defined an ambient adapted to contain one or more electronic apparatus and at least one heat exchanger placed in close proximity to the ceiling of the box form structure consisting of a plurality of closed circuits containing a thermal carrying fluid which moves solely as a result of natural convection, each of said circuits having a length within said ambient and a portion outside of said ambient, said length within said ambient being emersed in a predetermined quantity of a mixture of paraffins susceptible to a change in state at a temperature lower than a temperature predetermined for said ambient, said portion of a least one of said circuits outside of said ambient consisting of two parallel conduits, said length within said ambient being furnished internally with longitudinal fins.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000574231A CA1306535C (en) | 1988-08-09 | 1988-08-09 | Shelter device for the protection and thermal conditioning of apparatus, in particular electronic apparatus generating heat |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000574231A CA1306535C (en) | 1988-08-09 | 1988-08-09 | Shelter device for the protection and thermal conditioning of apparatus, in particular electronic apparatus generating heat |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1306535C true CA1306535C (en) | 1992-08-18 |
Family
ID=4138514
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000574231A Expired - Lifetime CA1306535C (en) | 1988-08-09 | 1988-08-09 | Shelter device for the protection and thermal conditioning of apparatus, in particular electronic apparatus generating heat |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1306535C (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AU705772B2 (en) * | 1994-12-14 | 1999-06-03 | Shuzo Nomura | Heat exchanging apparatus |
-
1988
- 1988-08-09 CA CA000574231A patent/CA1306535C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AU705772B2 (en) * | 1994-12-14 | 1999-06-03 | Shuzo Nomura | Heat exchanging apparatus |
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