CA1238621A - Automatic rapid-locking belt retracting unit - Google Patents
Automatic rapid-locking belt retracting unitInfo
- Publication number
- CA1238621A CA1238621A CA000470522A CA470522A CA1238621A CA 1238621 A CA1238621 A CA 1238621A CA 000470522 A CA000470522 A CA 000470522A CA 470522 A CA470522 A CA 470522A CA 1238621 A CA1238621 A CA 1238621A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- blocking
- cog
- control
- pawl
- belt
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R22/00—Safety belts or body harnesses in vehicles
- B60R22/34—Belt retractors, e.g. reels
- B60R22/36—Belt retractors, e.g. reels self-locking in an emergency
- B60R22/405—Belt retractors, e.g. reels self-locking in an emergency responsive to belt movement and vehicle movement
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Automotive Seat Belt Assembly (AREA)
Abstract
Abstract Automatic rapid-locking belt retracting unit Describe is an automatic rapid-locking belt retracting unit having a blocking mechanism comprising an inertia force sensor (8, 9), a blocking pawl which is arranged movably by means of a holding pin, a blocking cog and a control member (5, 6) carrying the inertia force sensor (8, 9), an engagement control element (5) which is freely rotatable with respect to the winding shaft, with internal teeth (5d), for engaging the blocking pawl into the blocking cog, a control cog (6) with external teeth (6c), and a freely rotatably mounted control pawl (10) which is mounted on the control cog (6) and which has a long lever (10e) and a short lever (10f), and a rotary inertia weight (7) for actuating the blocking pawl in the event of excessive belt acceleration.
For the purposes of further simplifying the overall construction and improving the performance in terms of comfort as well as relieving the mounting of the winding shaft in the housing of load, the invention provides that the control cog (6) is secured to the blocking cog and has a hollow central journal portion (16) in which the central pin of the cup-shaped engagement control element (5) is rotatably mounted.
Figure 1b
For the purposes of further simplifying the overall construction and improving the performance in terms of comfort as well as relieving the mounting of the winding shaft in the housing of load, the invention provides that the control cog (6) is secured to the blocking cog and has a hollow central journal portion (16) in which the central pin of the cup-shaped engagement control element (5) is rotatably mounted.
Figure 1b
Description
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Autcmatic rapid-]ockinq belt retractinq unit The invention relates to an automatic rapid-lwking belt retracting unit having a main housing, a winding shaft with associated winding spring and belt wound thereon, and a blwking mechanism comprising an inertia force sensorr a blwking pawl which 5 is arranged movably by means of a holding pin mounted in a holding bore in the housing, a blccking cog and a control mernber which carries the inertia force sensor and which is mounted concentrically with respect to the winding shaft on the housing, having an engagement control element which is freely rotatable 10 with respect to the winding shaft and which has internal teeth, for engaging the blwking pawl by way of a control cam into the blocking cog, having a control cog which mounts the engagement control element and which is connec-ted to the winding shaft and which has external teeth, arid a freely rotatably mounted control pawl which 15 is mounted on the control cog and which has a long lever and a short lever, and having a rotary inertia weight which can be brought into engagement with the ends of the control pawl by way of projections, for actuation of the blocking pawl upon excessive - belt acceleration.
An automatiG lwking unit of the kind set out above is already disclosed in DE-OS No 32 12 992. me engagement control element which is referred to therein as an arresting drive disc is disposed on the side that is remote frorn the coil of belt with respect to the blocking cog and~is mounted by way of slipping friction, by 25 means of a comparatively large internal ring, on a mounting step ~;- portion of the control cog, which is arranged on the side rernote from the blocking cog, with respect to the engagernent control element. Finally,~ a rotary inertia weight which is in the form of : àn inertia disc is arranged on the side that is remote from the 30 engagement controi elemènt, with respect to the control cog. Because .''~: ' :`',, , . ' :
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Autcmatic rapid-]ockinq belt retractinq unit The invention relates to an automatic rapid-lwking belt retracting unit having a main housing, a winding shaft with associated winding spring and belt wound thereon, and a blwking mechanism comprising an inertia force sensorr a blwking pawl which 5 is arranged movably by means of a holding pin mounted in a holding bore in the housing, a blccking cog and a control mernber which carries the inertia force sensor and which is mounted concentrically with respect to the winding shaft on the housing, having an engagement control element which is freely rotatable 10 with respect to the winding shaft and which has internal teeth, for engaging the blwking pawl by way of a control cam into the blocking cog, having a control cog which mounts the engagement control element and which is connec-ted to the winding shaft and which has external teeth, arid a freely rotatably mounted control pawl which 15 is mounted on the control cog and which has a long lever and a short lever, and having a rotary inertia weight which can be brought into engagement with the ends of the control pawl by way of projections, for actuation of the blocking pawl upon excessive - belt acceleration.
An automatiG lwking unit of the kind set out above is already disclosed in DE-OS No 32 12 992. me engagement control element which is referred to therein as an arresting drive disc is disposed on the side that is remote frorn the coil of belt with respect to the blocking cog and~is mounted by way of slipping friction, by 25 means of a comparatively large internal ring, on a mounting step ~;- portion of the control cog, which is arranged on the side rernote from the blocking cog, with respect to the engagernent control element. Finally,~ a rotary inertia weight which is in the form of : àn inertia disc is arranged on the side that is remote from the 30 engagement controi elemènt, with respect to the control cog. Because .''~: ' :`',, , . ' :
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the control pawl is disposed between the control cog and the engagement control element, whereas the inertia disc is disposed on the side remote from the control pawl, with respect to the control cog, pin me~bers must be provided on the inertia disc, projecting through the control cog towards the engagement control element, in a concentric arrangement and parallel to the winding shaft.
Apart from the construction cost of the known automatic unit, a hysteresis effect is continuously produced when the user is putting on and taking off the belt and that is a disadvantageous burden to the user of the belt because there is a comparatively high level of friction between the mounting step portion on the control cog and the inner ring of the engagement control element.
It has also been found that the blocking pawl is still not mounted on the housing of the automatic unit in the optimum fashion :~ because, at the moment of an accident, not inconsiderable forces are transmitted to the mounting of the winding shaft in the housing;
a fact which hitherto has been taken for granted in the whole of the state of the art.
The object of the present invention is further to improve an~
automatic rapid-locking belt-retracting unit of the kind set forth in the opening part of this specification, in such a way that the c~nstruction of the individual components and the entire automatic unit is further simplified without adversely affecting the mode of operation thereof, the performance of the unit in terms of comfort is improved, and thé mounting of the winding shaft in the housing is relieved of load.
According to the i.nvention, that object is achieved in that the control cog.is secured to the blocking cog by way of eccentric pins and has a hollow central journal portlon which pro~ects on the ~ . ~
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oppositely disposed side and in which the central pin of the cup-shaped engagement control element is rotatably mounted, which cup-like embraces the blocking cog, the b:locking pawl and the control cog with, mounted therein, the rotary inertia weight and the control pawl, that the holding bore is disposed in the housing in alignment with respect to the belt entry and exit passage and that the region of the blocking pawl teeth, in the blocking condltion, is outside or at the edge of the belt entry and exit passage on the side towards the blocking cog.
In comparison with the known autcmatic locking unit of the kind described hereir~efore, the engagement control element is arranged at a different side, with respect to the control ccg and the rotary inertia weight. That arrangement gives inter alia two particular advantages, namely firstly that the engagement control e~ement is rotatably mounted only by way of a pin of small diameter, preferably 5 mm, in the hollow central journal portion of the corltrol cog, while the second advantage is that the engagement control element extends in the manner of a housing around and closes off the entire control mechanism. In addition, this arrangernent eliminates the complicated construction of the pins on the rotary inertia weight engaging through the disc of the control cog, because the inertia disc is arranged directly in the annular space outside the central journal portion and inwardly of the external teeth on the control cog and thus between the latter and the engagernent 25 control element.
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The novel construction provides a considerable improvernent in .
the level of comfort and con~enience frcm the point of view of the user because -the friction of the engagement control elernent, which .~is stationary in normal operation, on the rotating winding shaft, 30 is virtually eliminated. In a preferred embodiment described herein- ..
after, the diameter of the central pin or journal portion of the ,~ - .
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cup-like engagement control element is 8 mm and measurements have shown that there is a negligibly low level of friction in the central journal portion of the control cog. The disadvantageous hysteresis effect which occurs when the belt is put on and taken off is advantageously eliminated by the arrangement according to the invention.
me engagement control element of novel design performs various functions in a clever fashion and can therefore be easily fitted in production. Preferably, it is made from plastics material and can therefore carry fine components, for example hook me~bers for securing an adjusting spring for holding the engagement control element to the housing, control cam for the control pin which is disposed on the blocking pawl, holding means for the vehicle-responsive sensor, and the like. At the same time, the engagement control element, being of a cup-like configuration, embraces all the individual components for the control mechanism, as already referred to above.
The arrangement of the holding bore for the blocking pawl for rotatably mounting same to the wall of the housing! in alignment with and preferably in the region of the above-mentioned belt entry and exit passage is particularly advantageous in connection with the region of engagement of the blocking teeth between the pawl and the blocking cog because that ensures that all the force which acts on the belt in the direction of unreeling it at the moment of an accident is virtually transmitted to the holding and mounting pins of the blocking pawl and thus into the holding bore and the housing.
It has been found that, by virtue of that configuration in respect of the mounting means, nature and direction of the blocking pawl with respect to the toothed engagement with the blocking cog, the forces exerted by the belt are all essentially concentrated onto the region of the teeth so that there is vlrtually no reaction force ' , :
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remaining in the winding shaft relative to the housing. By virtue of the winding shaft being mounted in the wall of the housing in this manner, being virtually free of reaction force, the winding shaft remains substantially on its longitudinal axis, both in the normal condition and in the locking condition. That affords the possibility of the housing of the automatic unit being of a lighter design, at least in the region of the mounting of the winding shaft.
The man skilled in the art is aware of the advantages which are achieved with savings in weight.
The above-indicated behaviour of the winding shaft, at the moment of an accident, when the belt is subjected to a high level of tension in the direction of unreeling thereof, occurs in a particularly advantageous manner when, in accordance with the invention, the region of the blocking pawl teeth, in the blocking condition, is disposed on the belt withdrawal side of the belt winding, in an angular range of about 120, beginning at about 10 below the tangential belt run-off point and counted in a mathematically positive sense. When the position of the region of engagement or contact region is determined, essentially the only ~` 20 aspect of interest is the position of the blocking pawl because the blocking cog is of constant diameter and the only ~portant consideration is the dlrection in which the pulling force of the ~ belt which is extendea at a high rate of acceleration pulls the ; blocking pawl into the blocking condition. The basic starting point when considering that aspect is always the tangential belt run-off point, that is to say, that point on the roll of belt where the ; belt leaves the roll thereof tangentially in the direction of the pull on the belt. As considered in the direction in which the belt is pulled out, the above-mentioned angular range begins at ~ 30 abou~ 10 b~hird the belt run-off point and, caunted in a `~ mathematical}y posi-ive sense, extends as far as 120; and ,' , ' : '' ' , . i~ ' ' ' : ~ , - . ' -~ ' ' `
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preferably, starting from the belt run-off point, over an angular range of 90. In a specific embodiment, it has been found particularly desirable for the above-mentioned angular range to begin 10 above the tangential belt: run-off point and to extend at the maximum to the location where the radius is parallel to the direction of the belt pulling force.
A construction has already been previously proposed wherein the blocking cog could be moved directly into the internal teeth of a ring which is fixed to the side of the housing. In that arrange-ment however, the entire weiyht of the blocking cog with windingshaft secured thereto and also the roll of belt must be moved relative to the housing. In contrast, in accordance with the invention, the winding shaEt is held in a stationary position, even if it is relieved of load, that is to say, it does not have to move with respect to the housing. According to the invention, the mounting of the winding shaft, with respect to the housing, is relieved of load by the blocking pawl acting as a kind of coupling element, in other words, in accordance with the invention, the arrangement assumes the locking condition by means of a coupling element, the blocking pawl, between the blocking cog and the housing.
By virtue of that arrangement of the blocking pawl which extends substantially parallel to the above-mentioned belt entry and exit passage, a pure pulling force is obtained in the blocking pawl, which guarantees a reliable stable condition. Although it is also possible to design a pressure pawl which is small and short in relation to the longer tensile or pulling pawl which is described herein in accordance with the invention, with the pressure pawl being arranged in a position of being turned through 180 in such a way that the teeth of the pulling pawl act in those of the blocking cog in the pressing direction, such a configuration is not particularly stable and under some conditions tends to buckle in .. . .
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two directions in space, for which reason it is preferable to use I the pulling or tensile pawl described in accordance with the invention.
In another advantageous embodiment of the invention, mounted in the annular space of the control cog concentrically with respect to the central journal portion are resilient hooks which engage around the rotary inertia weight, and a holding pin for securing an adjusting spring for holding the rot~ry inertia weight. Ihe ~` control cog is preferably made from plastics material and can therefore also be produced with a klrge number of components thereon.
' m e rotary inertia weight is mounted on the central journal portioni on the exterior thereof, by means of the internal bore in the i rotary inertia weight, while the above-mentioned concentrically disposed hooks provide for axially securing the weight in position.
~ 15 So that the belt-responsive adjusting spring which is secured at; its one end to the inertia disc by way of a hook holds the disc in the normal mode of operation for rotation with the control cog, ; the above-mentioned holding pin is also provided in the annular space referred to above.
In accordance with the invention, it is also advantageous ~ for an edge flange to be formed at the open side of the cup-like ; engagement control element which comprises plastics material; the edge flange is held by means of snap hooks to a cover plate of plastics materlal or the like, and is closed thereby.
~ 25 In comparison with the automatic rapid-locking belt-retracting ;~ unit described in the opening part of this specification, the unit according to the invention also provides for interchanging positions of a cover of plastics material and the steel wall of the housing.
More specifically, in accordance with the invention, a cover plate which is made from plastics mater-ial is fitted on the outside to ~, . . .
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1~386~1 that side of the side wall of the steel housing on which the blocking mechanism is also disposed. In that way, the cover plate can form the one closure wall and the cup-shaped engagement control element can form the other enclosing cup or bowl member in which the entire control mechanism is disposed. Because the cover plate does not have any holding function and does not have to carry forces, it can be made of plastics material and can be provided with components such as for example the snap hooks which ensure ease of assembly but nonetheless secure mounting on the housing, so that parts of the housing, namely the cup-shaped engagement control element, can at the same time perform control functions.
Further advantages, features and possible uses of the present invention will be apparent from the following description of a preferred embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
Figures la and lb show an exploded perspective view of the most important individual components of the unit, Figure 2 shows a side view onto the blocking cog with -~ 20 blocking pawl, omitting the con~ol cog and the engagement control -~ element, and with the side walls of the housing partly broken away, and Figure 3 shows a plan view of a different er~bodiment of an inertia disc with control pawl.
The belt 1 is reeled around a belt winding shaft 2 on a belt reel 13; arranged in front of the steel housing side wall 14 is a cover plate 15 which is made from plastics materia] and which ; represents the rearward closure plate for the entire control mechanism. Mounted to thè cover plate 15 is a holding pin 15b which projects forwardly towards the~person viewing Figure 1, and which ~1: ~ .. . .
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serves for mounting a holding spring 12.
A blocking cog or gear 3 is force-lockingly arranged on the winding shaft or spindle 2 which is mounted in the housing 14.
The blocking cog 3 has four concentric bores 3a for receiving adjusting pins 6e on the control cog or gear 6 which thus also rotates in conjunction with the winding shaft 2. If the belt 1 is pulled out or unreeled by the occupant of a seat, for the purposes of increasing the available length of the belt, then the belt moves in the direction indicated by the arrow 12 so that the winding ; 10 spindle 2 rotates in the direction of the curved arrow 13', being a direction of rotary movement which is then also to be found at the blocking cog 3 and the control cog 6. m e mounting and holding pin 4b of the blocking pawl 4 is rotatably mounted in the holding bore 14b. When the blocking pawl 4 is turned into engagement with the teeth of the blocking cog 3, that is to say, as shown in the drawing, upon rotation thereof about the pin 4b in the anticlockwise direction, the corresponding pulling force of the belt 1 is transmitted to the housing 14 which is screwed to the vehicle frame ~` or chassis, by way of the winding shaft 2, the blocking cog 3, the blocking pawl 4 and the mounting and holding pin 4b thereof.
A rotary inertia weight or inertia disc 7 is concentrically mounted by means of its bore 17 in the control cog 6 on the central journal or trunnion portion 16 thereof. The disc 17 is secured in ; position in the axial direction by means of resilient hooks 18. ~
m e basic position of the disc 7 is defined by virtue of the control -pawl lO which is mounted in the lower recess therein and which is ~-~ mounted by means of its bore IOa on the pin 6a of the control cog 6.
A retraction force which is produced by the belt-responsive adjusting spring 11 between a cog or tooth pin 6d of the control cog 6 and the hook 7d on the inertia disc 7 causes the inertia disc 7 ,.
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to take up a defined rest position by virtue of the lever lO
bearing with its rearward end (short lever) against the recess 7b of the inertia disc 7, with its front end bearing against the projection or nose 7c of the inertia disc 7.
The engagement control element 5 is carried in the bore of the central journal portion 16 of the control cog 6, by means of a concentric central or middle pin (not shown). The element 5, like a cup or bowl, covers over the control cog 6 with all individual componencs fixed therein and the subjacent blocking cog 3 of the winding shaft 2 and the blocking pawl 4. In that arrangement, the control pin 4a of the blocking pawl 4 projects into the control cam 5a of the engagement control element 5. A
ball sensor 9 having a control pawl 8 is secured to the engagement control element 5, hanging downwardly therefrom. The sensor 9 is 15 displaceable over a wide angular range, depending on the position 1 of installation of the entire automatic unit, around the fixing axis 24 shown, which extends through the centre points of the mounting openings shown in the engagement control element 5.
By virtue of acceleration of the belt, due to the inertia of ~` 20 the lnertia disc 7, the control pawl lO will swing out and engage into the internal teeth 5d of the engagement control element 5. In that way, the engagement control element 5 which is otherwise stationary with respect to the rotating belt shaft 2 and which is urged towards the p~in 15b on the housing by the spring 12 is entrained and, when that occurs, it urges the blocking pawl 4 into the teeth of the blocking cog 3 in a positively synchronised manner, by means of the control cam 5a, by way of the control pin 4a.
. .
The engagement operation of the engagement control element 5 takes place in a similar fashion, if, due to excessive vehicle acceleration phenomena, the pawl 8 of the sensor 9 is lifted by a ;,. . .
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movement of the ball and thereby comes into engagement with the teeth 6c of the control cog 6. When that occurs, by way of the sensor pawl 8, the control cog 6 which is fixed on the shaft 2 also entrains the engagement control element S which is directly connected to the sensor pawl 8, with the control cam 5a, in such a way that the blocking pawl 4 moves into an engaged position in a positively synchronised fashion, by way of the control pin 4a.
Figure 2 shows a plan view of the cover plate with the steel housing side wall 14 shown therebehind in the cut-away region, and the winding or coil of belt 1 therebehind. Carried on the winding shaft 2 is the blocking cog 3 into which engages the blocking pawl 4 which is subjected to a tensile loading in the blocking condition as the control pin 4a is arranged at a comparatively large spacing from the mounting and holding pin 4b, in such a way that the connecting line is substantially parallel to the bélt entry and exit passage 23. The winding shaft 2 is mounted in the steel housing 14 by way of the shaft bearing 22.
~ Figure 2 shows the belt force FG on the longitudinal axis of `~ the belt 1 as it runs out. In the case of the locking condition shown herein, that force acts by ~y of the lever arm a and in so doing produces a mcment Ma at the winding shaft 2. That moment Ma is opposed by the pawl force FK~ by way of lever arm b. In order to make up the pawl force FK, the force components Fz and FQ are effectivej in ~he holdi~g pin 4b. If now, as shown in Figure 2, the region of tooth engagement is at the left-hand edge 24 of the - region 23 in which the belt runs into and out of the reel, then a slight residual moment which is directed in the direction of the ; moment Ma-remains in the shaft 2, and has the result that further teeth of the cog 3 which are below the locking point bear against the shank of the pawl 4, with the bearin~ forces FAz That results in a reduction in the reaction force component FQ, which in any case .~ ' .
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is only low, in the holding pin 4b.
That gives the following desired result which has already been referred to above:
In the blocked condition therefore the mounting bearing 22 of the shaft 2 is virtually without any reaction force. That is of great significance from the point of view of the design and construction of the steel housing 14. More specifically, the steel housing 14 has to have only a low level of rigidity in the region of the shaft mounting, with a geometrical design configuration of the above-indicated kind.
The`housing has to be of adequately substantial dimensions only in the region of the mounting and holding pin 4b. It will be clear that in that way the housing 14 affords a high degree of potential in regard to saving weight.
;~ 15 Figure 2 also shows the belt run-off point T from which the belt 1 is unreeled frcn~ the reel, in the direction indicated by the force FG. If we go back through about 10 in a downward direction on the belt run-off side, that gives the starting line A which is shown in broken lines. From the line A extends the angular range or the above-mentioned contact or engagement region as between the blocking cog 3 and the blocking pawl 4, as far as the terminal line E which is also shown in broken line. In another emhodiment, starting rom the line A, the angular range ~fi for the engagement region may also ~extend rom about 20 to lC0, in which case it has also already been provided that the teeth of the blocking pawl 4 are disposed over an angle of about 45 in the top right sector of the circle shown in Figure 2.
Figure 3 shows a further embodiment of the inertia disc 7, being a plan viaw from right front in Figure 1. The control cog 6 ;~ 30 has been omitted and Flgure 3 only shows the pin 6d for the belt-, . .
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responsive adjusting spring 11 which is secured to the hook 7d.
In the position shown in solid lines, the control pawl lO isin the rest condition, when the inertia disc is turned towards the left by the spring force moment ~; and in the disengaged condition when the disc 7 is turned towards the right in the opposite direction to the moment ~ . It will be seen that in the rest condition, the short lever d of the control pawl lO is opposite to the longer lever c. rrhe spring-biased rest condition of the inertia disc 7 and the control pawl lO is defined by virtue of the disc 7 and the lever a bearing against each other at the contact point which is denoted by the curved arrow 7a. The torque which is generated at the oppositely disposed contact point 7b tarrow), about the mounting pin 6a which is disposed in the bore lOa, is produced by virtue of the inertia disc 7 and the lever a bearing against each 15 other at the contact point 7b. rrhe torque produced at the contact `
point 7b, about the pin 6a (bore lOa) of the control pawl lO
results in a defined position thereof at the contact surface 7c of the inertia disc 7. In other words, the inertia disc 7 and the control pawl lO automatically set themselves into a force-locking rest position.
Because of the lever ratio c:d of the pawl lO, the control pawl lO is always free at the contact point 7b as soon as the inertia disc 7, rotating towards the right, urges the control pawl lO
outwardly for engagement purposes~.
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the control pawl is disposed between the control cog and the engagement control element, whereas the inertia disc is disposed on the side remote from the control pawl, with respect to the control cog, pin me~bers must be provided on the inertia disc, projecting through the control cog towards the engagement control element, in a concentric arrangement and parallel to the winding shaft.
Apart from the construction cost of the known automatic unit, a hysteresis effect is continuously produced when the user is putting on and taking off the belt and that is a disadvantageous burden to the user of the belt because there is a comparatively high level of friction between the mounting step portion on the control cog and the inner ring of the engagement control element.
It has also been found that the blocking pawl is still not mounted on the housing of the automatic unit in the optimum fashion :~ because, at the moment of an accident, not inconsiderable forces are transmitted to the mounting of the winding shaft in the housing;
a fact which hitherto has been taken for granted in the whole of the state of the art.
The object of the present invention is further to improve an~
automatic rapid-locking belt-retracting unit of the kind set forth in the opening part of this specification, in such a way that the c~nstruction of the individual components and the entire automatic unit is further simplified without adversely affecting the mode of operation thereof, the performance of the unit in terms of comfort is improved, and thé mounting of the winding shaft in the housing is relieved of load.
According to the i.nvention, that object is achieved in that the control cog.is secured to the blocking cog by way of eccentric pins and has a hollow central journal portlon which pro~ects on the ~ . ~
,, ~, .
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: .
oppositely disposed side and in which the central pin of the cup-shaped engagement control element is rotatably mounted, which cup-like embraces the blocking cog, the b:locking pawl and the control cog with, mounted therein, the rotary inertia weight and the control pawl, that the holding bore is disposed in the housing in alignment with respect to the belt entry and exit passage and that the region of the blocking pawl teeth, in the blocking condltion, is outside or at the edge of the belt entry and exit passage on the side towards the blocking cog.
In comparison with the known autcmatic locking unit of the kind described hereir~efore, the engagement control element is arranged at a different side, with respect to the control ccg and the rotary inertia weight. That arrangement gives inter alia two particular advantages, namely firstly that the engagement control e~ement is rotatably mounted only by way of a pin of small diameter, preferably 5 mm, in the hollow central journal portion of the corltrol cog, while the second advantage is that the engagement control element extends in the manner of a housing around and closes off the entire control mechanism. In addition, this arrangernent eliminates the complicated construction of the pins on the rotary inertia weight engaging through the disc of the control cog, because the inertia disc is arranged directly in the annular space outside the central journal portion and inwardly of the external teeth on the control cog and thus between the latter and the engagernent 25 control element.
~ .
The novel construction provides a considerable improvernent in .
the level of comfort and con~enience frcm the point of view of the user because -the friction of the engagement control elernent, which .~is stationary in normal operation, on the rotating winding shaft, 30 is virtually eliminated. In a preferred embodiment described herein- ..
after, the diameter of the central pin or journal portion of the ,~ - .
. .
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cup-like engagement control element is 8 mm and measurements have shown that there is a negligibly low level of friction in the central journal portion of the control cog. The disadvantageous hysteresis effect which occurs when the belt is put on and taken off is advantageously eliminated by the arrangement according to the invention.
me engagement control element of novel design performs various functions in a clever fashion and can therefore be easily fitted in production. Preferably, it is made from plastics material and can therefore carry fine components, for example hook me~bers for securing an adjusting spring for holding the engagement control element to the housing, control cam for the control pin which is disposed on the blocking pawl, holding means for the vehicle-responsive sensor, and the like. At the same time, the engagement control element, being of a cup-like configuration, embraces all the individual components for the control mechanism, as already referred to above.
The arrangement of the holding bore for the blocking pawl for rotatably mounting same to the wall of the housing! in alignment with and preferably in the region of the above-mentioned belt entry and exit passage is particularly advantageous in connection with the region of engagement of the blocking teeth between the pawl and the blocking cog because that ensures that all the force which acts on the belt in the direction of unreeling it at the moment of an accident is virtually transmitted to the holding and mounting pins of the blocking pawl and thus into the holding bore and the housing.
It has been found that, by virtue of that configuration in respect of the mounting means, nature and direction of the blocking pawl with respect to the toothed engagement with the blocking cog, the forces exerted by the belt are all essentially concentrated onto the region of the teeth so that there is vlrtually no reaction force ' , :
'~, A ~ ~
~ , . . .
;", ~ , '~
' ' . ' '', ~ .' '' ' ' ~, ': ' ' ' .
remaining in the winding shaft relative to the housing. By virtue of the winding shaft being mounted in the wall of the housing in this manner, being virtually free of reaction force, the winding shaft remains substantially on its longitudinal axis, both in the normal condition and in the locking condition. That affords the possibility of the housing of the automatic unit being of a lighter design, at least in the region of the mounting of the winding shaft.
The man skilled in the art is aware of the advantages which are achieved with savings in weight.
The above-indicated behaviour of the winding shaft, at the moment of an accident, when the belt is subjected to a high level of tension in the direction of unreeling thereof, occurs in a particularly advantageous manner when, in accordance with the invention, the region of the blocking pawl teeth, in the blocking condition, is disposed on the belt withdrawal side of the belt winding, in an angular range of about 120, beginning at about 10 below the tangential belt run-off point and counted in a mathematically positive sense. When the position of the region of engagement or contact region is determined, essentially the only ~` 20 aspect of interest is the position of the blocking pawl because the blocking cog is of constant diameter and the only ~portant consideration is the dlrection in which the pulling force of the ~ belt which is extendea at a high rate of acceleration pulls the ; blocking pawl into the blocking condition. The basic starting point when considering that aspect is always the tangential belt run-off point, that is to say, that point on the roll of belt where the ; belt leaves the roll thereof tangentially in the direction of the pull on the belt. As considered in the direction in which the belt is pulled out, the above-mentioned angular range begins at ~ 30 abou~ 10 b~hird the belt run-off point and, caunted in a `~ mathematical}y posi-ive sense, extends as far as 120; and ,' , ' : '' ' , . i~ ' ' ' : ~ , - . ' -~ ' ' `
6 ~3~
preferably, starting from the belt run-off point, over an angular range of 90. In a specific embodiment, it has been found particularly desirable for the above-mentioned angular range to begin 10 above the tangential belt: run-off point and to extend at the maximum to the location where the radius is parallel to the direction of the belt pulling force.
A construction has already been previously proposed wherein the blocking cog could be moved directly into the internal teeth of a ring which is fixed to the side of the housing. In that arrange-ment however, the entire weiyht of the blocking cog with windingshaft secured thereto and also the roll of belt must be moved relative to the housing. In contrast, in accordance with the invention, the winding shaEt is held in a stationary position, even if it is relieved of load, that is to say, it does not have to move with respect to the housing. According to the invention, the mounting of the winding shaft, with respect to the housing, is relieved of load by the blocking pawl acting as a kind of coupling element, in other words, in accordance with the invention, the arrangement assumes the locking condition by means of a coupling element, the blocking pawl, between the blocking cog and the housing.
By virtue of that arrangement of the blocking pawl which extends substantially parallel to the above-mentioned belt entry and exit passage, a pure pulling force is obtained in the blocking pawl, which guarantees a reliable stable condition. Although it is also possible to design a pressure pawl which is small and short in relation to the longer tensile or pulling pawl which is described herein in accordance with the invention, with the pressure pawl being arranged in a position of being turned through 180 in such a way that the teeth of the pulling pawl act in those of the blocking cog in the pressing direction, such a configuration is not particularly stable and under some conditions tends to buckle in .. . .
.. . .
O ~
~:
' :
Y ,, ~ . .
'I 7 ~ ~8fi;~ ~
two directions in space, for which reason it is preferable to use I the pulling or tensile pawl described in accordance with the invention.
In another advantageous embodiment of the invention, mounted in the annular space of the control cog concentrically with respect to the central journal portion are resilient hooks which engage around the rotary inertia weight, and a holding pin for securing an adjusting spring for holding the rot~ry inertia weight. Ihe ~` control cog is preferably made from plastics material and can therefore also be produced with a klrge number of components thereon.
' m e rotary inertia weight is mounted on the central journal portioni on the exterior thereof, by means of the internal bore in the i rotary inertia weight, while the above-mentioned concentrically disposed hooks provide for axially securing the weight in position.
~ 15 So that the belt-responsive adjusting spring which is secured at; its one end to the inertia disc by way of a hook holds the disc in the normal mode of operation for rotation with the control cog, ; the above-mentioned holding pin is also provided in the annular space referred to above.
In accordance with the invention, it is also advantageous ~ for an edge flange to be formed at the open side of the cup-like ; engagement control element which comprises plastics material; the edge flange is held by means of snap hooks to a cover plate of plastics materlal or the like, and is closed thereby.
~ 25 In comparison with the automatic rapid-locking belt-retracting ;~ unit described in the opening part of this specification, the unit according to the invention also provides for interchanging positions of a cover of plastics material and the steel wall of the housing.
More specifically, in accordance with the invention, a cover plate which is made from plastics mater-ial is fitted on the outside to ~, . . .
-: -., . ~ .
~ ~ :
1~386~1 that side of the side wall of the steel housing on which the blocking mechanism is also disposed. In that way, the cover plate can form the one closure wall and the cup-shaped engagement control element can form the other enclosing cup or bowl member in which the entire control mechanism is disposed. Because the cover plate does not have any holding function and does not have to carry forces, it can be made of plastics material and can be provided with components such as for example the snap hooks which ensure ease of assembly but nonetheless secure mounting on the housing, so that parts of the housing, namely the cup-shaped engagement control element, can at the same time perform control functions.
Further advantages, features and possible uses of the present invention will be apparent from the following description of a preferred embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
Figures la and lb show an exploded perspective view of the most important individual components of the unit, Figure 2 shows a side view onto the blocking cog with -~ 20 blocking pawl, omitting the con~ol cog and the engagement control -~ element, and with the side walls of the housing partly broken away, and Figure 3 shows a plan view of a different er~bodiment of an inertia disc with control pawl.
The belt 1 is reeled around a belt winding shaft 2 on a belt reel 13; arranged in front of the steel housing side wall 14 is a cover plate 15 which is made from plastics materia] and which ; represents the rearward closure plate for the entire control mechanism. Mounted to thè cover plate 15 is a holding pin 15b which projects forwardly towards the~person viewing Figure 1, and which ~1: ~ .. . .
' , , ``` ' : ~
:. ' ~' :
: : ' ' ""
serves for mounting a holding spring 12.
A blocking cog or gear 3 is force-lockingly arranged on the winding shaft or spindle 2 which is mounted in the housing 14.
The blocking cog 3 has four concentric bores 3a for receiving adjusting pins 6e on the control cog or gear 6 which thus also rotates in conjunction with the winding shaft 2. If the belt 1 is pulled out or unreeled by the occupant of a seat, for the purposes of increasing the available length of the belt, then the belt moves in the direction indicated by the arrow 12 so that the winding ; 10 spindle 2 rotates in the direction of the curved arrow 13', being a direction of rotary movement which is then also to be found at the blocking cog 3 and the control cog 6. m e mounting and holding pin 4b of the blocking pawl 4 is rotatably mounted in the holding bore 14b. When the blocking pawl 4 is turned into engagement with the teeth of the blocking cog 3, that is to say, as shown in the drawing, upon rotation thereof about the pin 4b in the anticlockwise direction, the corresponding pulling force of the belt 1 is transmitted to the housing 14 which is screwed to the vehicle frame ~` or chassis, by way of the winding shaft 2, the blocking cog 3, the blocking pawl 4 and the mounting and holding pin 4b thereof.
A rotary inertia weight or inertia disc 7 is concentrically mounted by means of its bore 17 in the control cog 6 on the central journal or trunnion portion 16 thereof. The disc 17 is secured in ; position in the axial direction by means of resilient hooks 18. ~
m e basic position of the disc 7 is defined by virtue of the control -pawl lO which is mounted in the lower recess therein and which is ~-~ mounted by means of its bore IOa on the pin 6a of the control cog 6.
A retraction force which is produced by the belt-responsive adjusting spring 11 between a cog or tooth pin 6d of the control cog 6 and the hook 7d on the inertia disc 7 causes the inertia disc 7 ,.
:: .
,;: ~, . .
~,,,, ,., .~ ., .
, ' -~: - ., ~: - . ' 10 1z38fi;~l ~
to take up a defined rest position by virtue of the lever lO
bearing with its rearward end (short lever) against the recess 7b of the inertia disc 7, with its front end bearing against the projection or nose 7c of the inertia disc 7.
The engagement control element 5 is carried in the bore of the central journal portion 16 of the control cog 6, by means of a concentric central or middle pin (not shown). The element 5, like a cup or bowl, covers over the control cog 6 with all individual componencs fixed therein and the subjacent blocking cog 3 of the winding shaft 2 and the blocking pawl 4. In that arrangement, the control pin 4a of the blocking pawl 4 projects into the control cam 5a of the engagement control element 5. A
ball sensor 9 having a control pawl 8 is secured to the engagement control element 5, hanging downwardly therefrom. The sensor 9 is 15 displaceable over a wide angular range, depending on the position 1 of installation of the entire automatic unit, around the fixing axis 24 shown, which extends through the centre points of the mounting openings shown in the engagement control element 5.
By virtue of acceleration of the belt, due to the inertia of ~` 20 the lnertia disc 7, the control pawl lO will swing out and engage into the internal teeth 5d of the engagement control element 5. In that way, the engagement control element 5 which is otherwise stationary with respect to the rotating belt shaft 2 and which is urged towards the p~in 15b on the housing by the spring 12 is entrained and, when that occurs, it urges the blocking pawl 4 into the teeth of the blocking cog 3 in a positively synchronised manner, by means of the control cam 5a, by way of the control pin 4a.
. .
The engagement operation of the engagement control element 5 takes place in a similar fashion, if, due to excessive vehicle acceleration phenomena, the pawl 8 of the sensor 9 is lifted by a ;,. . .
~X3~
movement of the ball and thereby comes into engagement with the teeth 6c of the control cog 6. When that occurs, by way of the sensor pawl 8, the control cog 6 which is fixed on the shaft 2 also entrains the engagement control element S which is directly connected to the sensor pawl 8, with the control cam 5a, in such a way that the blocking pawl 4 moves into an engaged position in a positively synchronised fashion, by way of the control pin 4a.
Figure 2 shows a plan view of the cover plate with the steel housing side wall 14 shown therebehind in the cut-away region, and the winding or coil of belt 1 therebehind. Carried on the winding shaft 2 is the blocking cog 3 into which engages the blocking pawl 4 which is subjected to a tensile loading in the blocking condition as the control pin 4a is arranged at a comparatively large spacing from the mounting and holding pin 4b, in such a way that the connecting line is substantially parallel to the bélt entry and exit passage 23. The winding shaft 2 is mounted in the steel housing 14 by way of the shaft bearing 22.
~ Figure 2 shows the belt force FG on the longitudinal axis of `~ the belt 1 as it runs out. In the case of the locking condition shown herein, that force acts by ~y of the lever arm a and in so doing produces a mcment Ma at the winding shaft 2. That moment Ma is opposed by the pawl force FK~ by way of lever arm b. In order to make up the pawl force FK, the force components Fz and FQ are effectivej in ~he holdi~g pin 4b. If now, as shown in Figure 2, the region of tooth engagement is at the left-hand edge 24 of the - region 23 in which the belt runs into and out of the reel, then a slight residual moment which is directed in the direction of the ; moment Ma-remains in the shaft 2, and has the result that further teeth of the cog 3 which are below the locking point bear against the shank of the pawl 4, with the bearin~ forces FAz That results in a reduction in the reaction force component FQ, which in any case .~ ' .
~ : .
: , .
- .
12 123Bfi2~
is only low, in the holding pin 4b.
That gives the following desired result which has already been referred to above:
In the blocked condition therefore the mounting bearing 22 of the shaft 2 is virtually without any reaction force. That is of great significance from the point of view of the design and construction of the steel housing 14. More specifically, the steel housing 14 has to have only a low level of rigidity in the region of the shaft mounting, with a geometrical design configuration of the above-indicated kind.
The`housing has to be of adequately substantial dimensions only in the region of the mounting and holding pin 4b. It will be clear that in that way the housing 14 affords a high degree of potential in regard to saving weight.
;~ 15 Figure 2 also shows the belt run-off point T from which the belt 1 is unreeled frcn~ the reel, in the direction indicated by the force FG. If we go back through about 10 in a downward direction on the belt run-off side, that gives the starting line A which is shown in broken lines. From the line A extends the angular range or the above-mentioned contact or engagement region as between the blocking cog 3 and the blocking pawl 4, as far as the terminal line E which is also shown in broken line. In another emhodiment, starting rom the line A, the angular range ~fi for the engagement region may also ~extend rom about 20 to lC0, in which case it has also already been provided that the teeth of the blocking pawl 4 are disposed over an angle of about 45 in the top right sector of the circle shown in Figure 2.
Figure 3 shows a further embodiment of the inertia disc 7, being a plan viaw from right front in Figure 1. The control cog 6 ;~ 30 has been omitted and Flgure 3 only shows the pin 6d for the belt-, . .
.-,~ ..
.~ ~
~ . :
13 ~L~3~
responsive adjusting spring 11 which is secured to the hook 7d.
In the position shown in solid lines, the control pawl lO isin the rest condition, when the inertia disc is turned towards the left by the spring force moment ~; and in the disengaged condition when the disc 7 is turned towards the right in the opposite direction to the moment ~ . It will be seen that in the rest condition, the short lever d of the control pawl lO is opposite to the longer lever c. rrhe spring-biased rest condition of the inertia disc 7 and the control pawl lO is defined by virtue of the disc 7 and the lever a bearing against each other at the contact point which is denoted by the curved arrow 7a. The torque which is generated at the oppositely disposed contact point 7b tarrow), about the mounting pin 6a which is disposed in the bore lOa, is produced by virtue of the inertia disc 7 and the lever a bearing against each 15 other at the contact point 7b. rrhe torque produced at the contact `
point 7b, about the pin 6a (bore lOa) of the control pawl lO
results in a defined position thereof at the contact surface 7c of the inertia disc 7. In other words, the inertia disc 7 and the control pawl lO automatically set themselves into a force-locking rest position.
Because of the lever ratio c:d of the pawl lO, the control pawl lO is always free at the contact point 7b as soon as the inertia disc 7, rotating towards the right, urges the control pawl lO
outwardly for engagement purposes~.
' ' . , ~
~1.
;' ~ ' ' , ' -: .
Claims (4)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. An automatic rapid-locking belt retracting unit comprising a main housing (14), a winding shaft (2) with associated winding spring and belt (1) wound thereon and a blocking mechanism comprising an inertia force sensor (8, 9), a blocking pawl (4) which is arranged movably by means of a holding pin (4b) mounted in a holding bore (14b) in the housing (14), a blocking cog (3) and a control member (5, 6) which carries the inertia force sensor (8, 9) and which is mounted concentrically with respect to the winding shaft (2) on the housing, an engagement control element (5) which is freely rotatable with respect to the winding shaft (2) and which has internal teeth (5d), for engaging the blocking pawl (4) by way of a control cam (5a) into the blocking cog (3), a control cog (6) which mounts the engagement control element (5) and which is connected to the winding shaft (2) and which has external teeth (6c), and a freely rotatably mounted control pawl (10) which is mounted (10a) on the control cog (6) and which has a long lever (10e) and a short lever (10f), and a rotary inertia weight (7) which can be brought into engagement with the ends (10b, 10c) of the control pawl (10) by way of projections (7b, 7c), for actuation of the blocking pawl (4) upon excessive belt acceleration, characterised in that the control cog (6) is secured to the blocking cog (3) by way of eccentric pins (6e) and has a hollow central journal portion (16) which projects on the oppositely disposed side and in which the central pin of the cup-shaped engagement control element (5) is rotatably mounted, which cup-like embraces the blocking cog (3), the blocking pawl (4) and the-control cog (6) with, mounted therein, the rotary inertia weight (7) and the control pawl (10), that the holding bore (14b) is disposed in the housing (14) in alignment with respect to the belt entry and exit passage (23) and that the region of the blocking pawl teeth, in the blocking condition, is outside or at the edge (24) of the.
belt entry and exit passage (23) on the side towards the blocking cog (3).
belt entry and exit passage (23) on the side towards the blocking cog (3).
2. An automatic locking unit according to claim 1 characterised in that the region of the blocking pawl teeth, in the blocking condition, is disposed on the belt withdrawal side of the belt winding (1) in an angular range (.DELTA..beta.) of about 120°, beginning at about 10° below the tangential belt run-off point (T) and counted in a mathematically positive sense.
3. An automatic locking unit according to claim 1 or claim 2 characterised in that mounted in the annular space of the control cog (6) concentrically with respect to the central journal portion (16) are resilient hooks (18) which engage around the rotary inertia weight (7), and a holding pin (6d) for securing an adjusting spring (11) for holding the rotary inertia weight (7).
4. An automatic locking unit according to claim 1 or claim 2 characterised in that formed at the open side of the cup-shaped control element (5) which comprises plastics material is an edge flange (20) which is held by means of snap hooks (19) to a cover plate (15) of plastics material or the like, and is closed thereby.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEP3400651.6 | 1984-01-11 | ||
| DE19843400651 DE3400651A1 (en) | 1984-01-11 | 1984-01-11 | QUICK RELEASE BELT REEL |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1238621A true CA1238621A (en) | 1988-06-28 |
Family
ID=6224636
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000470522A Expired CA1238621A (en) | 1984-01-11 | 1984-12-19 | Automatic rapid-locking belt retracting unit |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0149085B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS60161235A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR8500052A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1238621A (en) |
| DE (2) | DE3400651A1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES8609068A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2574488Y2 (en) * | 1992-09-07 | 1998-06-11 | 芦森工業株式会社 | Seat belt retractor |
| JP4914201B2 (en) | 2006-06-20 | 2012-04-11 | 株式会社東海理化電機製作所 | Webbing take-up device |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3446454A (en) * | 1967-03-20 | 1969-05-27 | Firestone Tire & Rubber Co | Emergency locking retractor |
| US4083512A (en) * | 1976-04-02 | 1978-04-11 | The Firestone Tire & Rubber Company | Independent redundant clutchless retractor |
| DE2824864A1 (en) * | 1978-06-02 | 1979-12-13 | Adomeit Heinz Dieter Dipl Ing | BELT RETRACTOR QUICK-RELEASE |
| DE2936053A1 (en) * | 1979-09-06 | 1981-03-19 | Repa Feinstanzwerk Gmbh, 7071 Alfdorf | BELT REEL FOR VEHICLE SAFETY BELTS |
| DE3022756A1 (en) * | 1980-06-18 | 1982-03-04 | Repa Feinstanzwerk Gmbh, 7071 Alfdorf | Vehicle seat belt retractor - has torsion spring on shank of double catch, to release it when return spring force prevails over catch spring |
| DE3147213A1 (en) * | 1981-11-28 | 1983-06-09 | Naamloze Vennootschap Klippan S.A., 3030 Heverlee | Belt-reeling mechanism for safety belts having a coupling and a release plate |
| DE3212992A1 (en) * | 1982-04-07 | 1983-10-20 | Naamloze Vennootschap Klippan S.A., 3030 Heverlee | QUICK RELEASE BELT REEL |
| EP0228729A1 (en) * | 1982-04-20 | 1987-07-15 | Ase (Uk) Limited | Emergency locking vehicle seat belt retractor |
-
1984
- 1984-01-11 DE DE19843400651 patent/DE3400651A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1984-11-30 EP EP84114545A patent/EP0149085B1/en not_active Expired
- 1984-11-30 DE DE8484114545T patent/DE3480471D1/en not_active Expired
- 1984-12-19 CA CA000470522A patent/CA1238621A/en not_active Expired
- 1984-12-26 ES ES539039A patent/ES8609068A1/en not_active Expired
-
1985
- 1985-01-08 BR BR8500052A patent/BR8500052A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1985-01-11 JP JP60002266A patent/JPS60161235A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS60161235A (en) | 1985-08-22 |
| DE3400651A1 (en) | 1985-09-12 |
| ES8609068A1 (en) | 1986-09-01 |
| ES539039A0 (en) | 1986-09-01 |
| EP0149085A2 (en) | 1985-07-24 |
| EP0149085A3 (en) | 1987-09-30 |
| JPH0554462B2 (en) | 1993-08-12 |
| DE3480471D1 (en) | 1989-12-21 |
| EP0149085B1 (en) | 1989-11-15 |
| BR8500052A (en) | 1985-08-27 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |