CA1186498A - Intumescent seals - Google Patents
Intumescent sealsInfo
- Publication number
- CA1186498A CA1186498A CA000388208A CA388208A CA1186498A CA 1186498 A CA1186498 A CA 1186498A CA 000388208 A CA000388208 A CA 000388208A CA 388208 A CA388208 A CA 388208A CA 1186498 A CA1186498 A CA 1186498A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- holder
- opening
- bore
- channel
- baffle
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B5/00—Doors, windows, or like closures for special purposes; Border constructions therefor
- E06B5/10—Doors, windows, or like closures for special purposes; Border constructions therefor for protection against air-raid or other war-like action; for other protective purposes
- E06B5/16—Fireproof doors or similar closures; Adaptations of fixed constructions therefor
- E06B5/164—Sealing arrangements between the door or window and its frame, e.g. intumescent seals specially adapted therefor
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
- Special Wing (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
There is provided a seal for sealing a pivotally mounted door against draughts, smoke and fire, the device comprising an elongate holder, defining at least two channels each having an opening, a first of the channels retaining a resilient element having a blade protruding from the opening of the channel and for acting as a draught and smoke seal, the second channel containing intumescent material, the intu-mescent material expanding through the opening of the second channel for forming a fire seal when subjected to high tempera-ture, the blade being at an acute angle to a face of the holder in which the opening of the second channel is provided, the second channel being provided with a baffle extending within the channel and defining a strait intermediate the opening of the channel and an interior chamber of the holder.
There is further provided a method of making an intumescent seal comprising: providing a tubular holder having a longi-tudinal bore or interior chamber defined by a thickened long-tudinally extending portion of the holder contiguous with a relatively thin wall of the holder; filling the bore of the holder with solid intumescent material; and thereafter re-moving a longitudinally extending part of said thickened portion (as by a saw cut) thereby to leave part of said thickened portion as a baffle within the holder, the space left by said removed part forming a strait having an opening to the exterior of the holder and an opening to the bore of the holder.
There is provided a seal for sealing a pivotally mounted door against draughts, smoke and fire, the device comprising an elongate holder, defining at least two channels each having an opening, a first of the channels retaining a resilient element having a blade protruding from the opening of the channel and for acting as a draught and smoke seal, the second channel containing intumescent material, the intu-mescent material expanding through the opening of the second channel for forming a fire seal when subjected to high tempera-ture, the blade being at an acute angle to a face of the holder in which the opening of the second channel is provided, the second channel being provided with a baffle extending within the channel and defining a strait intermediate the opening of the channel and an interior chamber of the holder.
There is further provided a method of making an intumescent seal comprising: providing a tubular holder having a longi-tudinal bore or interior chamber defined by a thickened long-tudinally extending portion of the holder contiguous with a relatively thin wall of the holder; filling the bore of the holder with solid intumescent material; and thereafter re-moving a longitudinally extending part of said thickened portion (as by a saw cut) thereby to leave part of said thickened portion as a baffle within the holder, the space left by said removed part forming a strait having an opening to the exterior of the holder and an opening to the bore of the holder.
Description
me present invention relates to intumescent seals. In particular the present invention relates to a method of making tamper-resistant intw,lescent seals.
5 Known intu~escent seals comprise an elongate holder containing intumescent material, the holder being provided with an opening or series o~ openings along its length. Such seals are fitted around doors or window openings, usually in the door or window frame. In the event of a fire, the intumescent materiall when 10 exposed to elevated temperature intumesces, that is it swells considerably and exudes through the opening or openings in the holder to seal any gap between the door or the window and the frame thereb~ preventing, or at least hindering, passage of smoke, flame and fumes past the door or window. This not only serves 15 to retard spread of the fire but also assists in protecting people on the side of the door or window remote from the ~ire frGm the smoke and fumes produced by the fire.
Known seals as described above include the seals shown in British patent No.152~054, British Patent No. 1529733 and British Patent No.1578774.
20 A problem ass iated with intumescent seals, especially when used in places frequented by children, such as schools, is that intu~escent material is commonly removed from the holders by tamperers using pointed instruments as probes pushed into the holders through the openings.
25 To overcome this problem, it has been proposed to provide a baffle within the holder, the baffle restricting access to the intumescent material by a probe pushed into the holder through the opening.
Our British patent no. 1529733 describes such intumescent seals.
~s disclosed in that patent, the intumescent seals comprise an 30 elongate holder having an opening to the exterior of the holder, a baffle within the holder defining an interior chamber and a ,~, ,. ~
5 Known intu~escent seals comprise an elongate holder containing intumescent material, the holder being provided with an opening or series o~ openings along its length. Such seals are fitted around doors or window openings, usually in the door or window frame. In the event of a fire, the intumescent materiall when 10 exposed to elevated temperature intumesces, that is it swells considerably and exudes through the opening or openings in the holder to seal any gap between the door or the window and the frame thereb~ preventing, or at least hindering, passage of smoke, flame and fumes past the door or window. This not only serves 15 to retard spread of the fire but also assists in protecting people on the side of the door or window remote from the ~ire frGm the smoke and fumes produced by the fire.
Known seals as described above include the seals shown in British patent No.152~054, British Patent No. 1529733 and British Patent No.1578774.
20 A problem ass iated with intumescent seals, especially when used in places frequented by children, such as schools, is that intu~escent material is commonly removed from the holders by tamperers using pointed instruments as probes pushed into the holders through the openings.
25 To overcome this problem, it has been proposed to provide a baffle within the holder, the baffle restricting access to the intumescent material by a probe pushed into the holder through the opening.
Our British patent no. 1529733 describes such intumescent seals.
~s disclosed in that patent, the intumescent seals comprise an 30 elongate holder having an opening to the exterior of the holder, a baffle within the holder defining an interior chamber and a ,~, ,. ~
- 2 - 3L~
strait within the holder providing communication between the interior chamber and the opening. The interior chamber of the holder contains at least a major part of intumescent material in the holder.
The intumescent material within the interior chamber can intumesce s through the strait and out of the holder through the opening but the baffle restricts access to the interior chamber by a probe pushed through the opening by a tamperer.
A disadvantage of intumescent seals as described above, in which a baffle is present in the holder, is that it has not hitherto 10 proved possible to manufacture such seals in an economic manner.
This is because the holders, as articles of indefinite length and uniform cross section, have to be made by extrusion but the dies used are necessarily complex and will not stand up to the required pressures.
15 The present invention aims at overcoming or mitigating the dis-advantages described above.
'S'' ~a ' , I
~ ~ ~6~
In accordance with the present invention, there is provided a meth~d of making an intumescent seal comprising: providing a tubular holder having a longitudinal bore or interior chamber defined by a thickened longitudinally extending portion of the holder 5 contiguous with a relatively thin wall o the holder; filling the bore of the holder withsolid intumescent material; and thereafter removing a longitudinally extending part of said thickened portion thereby to leave part of said thickened portion as a baffle, the space left by said removed part forming a strait having a long-10 itudinally extending opening to the exterior of the holder anda longitudinally extending openir.g to the bore or chamber of the holder, the baffle being arranged to restrict access to the bore or chamber of the hoider by a probe inserted through the first-mentioned opening.
15 Preferably t~.e baffle is disposed between the strait and the long-itudinal bore or interior chamber of the holder.
The bore or interior chamber of the holder may be filled with the intl~escent material by first filling the bore with a slurry or paste of a composition which subsequently hardens to form the 20 intumescent material.
Preferably the removal of said part of the thickened portion leaves two webs, one of which constitutes the baffle and the other preferably being at the exterior of the holder. To this end, the thickened portion is preferably at a corner of the holder and is preferably 25 square or rectangular in cross section.
The removal of said part of the thickened portion is conveniently effected by means of a saw or other cutting tool.
The removal of said part of the thickened portion preferably leaves the opening from the strait into the bore of the holder defined 30 between a free edge of the relatively thin wall portion and a free edge of the baffle.
The invention is further described below by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Figure lA is a cross section of a holder before filling with the intumescent material;
5 Figure lB is a cross section of an intumescent seal made from the holder of Figure lA;
~igures 2A to 6A (~Ar figures only) are cross sections of holders prior to filling with intumescent material; and Figures 3B to 6B (WB" figures only) are cross sections of intumescent 10 seals made respectively from the holders of Figures 3A to 6A.
Referring to Figure LA, a rigid holder 1 is elonsate and of uniform cross section and comprises two tubular portions 2, each having a longitudinal bore or interior chamber 3 and being interconnected by a web 4. Each tubular portion 2 comprises relatively thin 15 walls 5 and a contiguous relatively thick portion 6 at a corner of the holder, the portion 6 being of square cross section. A
channel 7 is defined by facing walls of the two tubular portions 2 and the connecting web 4.
In making an intumescent seal, the bores 2 are filled with a co~
20 position in the form of a slurry which is allowed or caused to harden to form a solid coherent mass of intumescent material 20.
Then a longitudinal saw cut bounded ~y dot-dash line & is made into each portion 6 to remove a part thereof. The saw cut breaks into the bore 3 but leaves a web 9 (see Figure lB~ at the exterior 25 of the holàer and a web lO within the holder. There is thus _ 5 _ formed a strait 11 having an opening 12 to the exterior of the holder and an opening 13- to the longitudinal bore 3 of the holder, the web 10 being disposed between the strait 11 and the bore 3.
m e web 10 constitutes a baffle, which~ as can be seen from Figure IB, restricts access to the bore or interior chamber 3 of the holder by a probe pushed through the opening 12 by a tarnperer.
A resilient draught and smoke sealing element 14 may be fitted to the seal. The sealing element 14 has a foot portion 15 which is located in the chamlel 7 and a blade 16 which extends away from the channel.
The intumescent material in either of the tubular portions 2 can protect the sealing element from heat in the event of a fire.
It is to be understood that it is not essential to provide the sealing element 14.
-Figures 2A to 6A show other shapes of holders and Figures 5B to9B show intumescent seals made therefrom, the intumescent material not being shown in the ~B~ figures for the sake of clarity.
In the holder of Figures 2A and 2B the channel 7 faces in the opposite direction to the openings 12 in the intumescent seal, and the tubular portions are interconnected by a relatively thick portion 4'. The seal can be fixed to a structure such as a door by fasteners (e.g. nails) passed through the portion 4' and the channel 7 into the structure.
The holder of Figures 3A and 3B has only one tubular portion 2 and hence only one interior chamber 3. Ideally in use the opening 12 is disposed between the source of fire and the sealing element 14.
The holder of Figures 4A and 4B has an inverted T-shaped channel 7 to receive a co~respondingly shaped base 15 of a draught and srnoke sealing element 14.
J
. - 6 - ~ 6~
The holder of ~igu~es 5A and 5B has only a single tubular portion 2 and the channel 7 faces in the opposite direction to the opening 12 in the seal. In alignment with the channel 7 is a shallow V-shaped channel 26 in portion 4~ of the holder. The seal can 5 be fixed to a structure such as a door by fasteners (e.g. nails) passed through the portion 4 n and the channel 7 into the structure, heads of the fasteners being sunk into the channel 26.
In the holder of Figure 6A and 6B, the tubular portions have a common wall or web 5'.
10 The holders described above and as shown in the "Ar figures may be made by extrusion of aluminium, aluminium alloy or plastics material. Such plastics material preferably has inclusions of material of high thermal conductivity.
It will be appreciated that the seals described above and which 15 comprise a resilient draught and smoke sealing element, may be used with such element omitted simply as an intumescent fire seal.
,. ..
strait within the holder providing communication between the interior chamber and the opening. The interior chamber of the holder contains at least a major part of intumescent material in the holder.
The intumescent material within the interior chamber can intumesce s through the strait and out of the holder through the opening but the baffle restricts access to the interior chamber by a probe pushed through the opening by a tamperer.
A disadvantage of intumescent seals as described above, in which a baffle is present in the holder, is that it has not hitherto 10 proved possible to manufacture such seals in an economic manner.
This is because the holders, as articles of indefinite length and uniform cross section, have to be made by extrusion but the dies used are necessarily complex and will not stand up to the required pressures.
15 The present invention aims at overcoming or mitigating the dis-advantages described above.
'S'' ~a ' , I
~ ~ ~6~
In accordance with the present invention, there is provided a meth~d of making an intumescent seal comprising: providing a tubular holder having a longitudinal bore or interior chamber defined by a thickened longitudinally extending portion of the holder 5 contiguous with a relatively thin wall o the holder; filling the bore of the holder withsolid intumescent material; and thereafter removing a longitudinally extending part of said thickened portion thereby to leave part of said thickened portion as a baffle, the space left by said removed part forming a strait having a long-10 itudinally extending opening to the exterior of the holder anda longitudinally extending openir.g to the bore or chamber of the holder, the baffle being arranged to restrict access to the bore or chamber of the hoider by a probe inserted through the first-mentioned opening.
15 Preferably t~.e baffle is disposed between the strait and the long-itudinal bore or interior chamber of the holder.
The bore or interior chamber of the holder may be filled with the intl~escent material by first filling the bore with a slurry or paste of a composition which subsequently hardens to form the 20 intumescent material.
Preferably the removal of said part of the thickened portion leaves two webs, one of which constitutes the baffle and the other preferably being at the exterior of the holder. To this end, the thickened portion is preferably at a corner of the holder and is preferably 25 square or rectangular in cross section.
The removal of said part of the thickened portion is conveniently effected by means of a saw or other cutting tool.
The removal of said part of the thickened portion preferably leaves the opening from the strait into the bore of the holder defined 30 between a free edge of the relatively thin wall portion and a free edge of the baffle.
The invention is further described below by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Figure lA is a cross section of a holder before filling with the intumescent material;
5 Figure lB is a cross section of an intumescent seal made from the holder of Figure lA;
~igures 2A to 6A (~Ar figures only) are cross sections of holders prior to filling with intumescent material; and Figures 3B to 6B (WB" figures only) are cross sections of intumescent 10 seals made respectively from the holders of Figures 3A to 6A.
Referring to Figure LA, a rigid holder 1 is elonsate and of uniform cross section and comprises two tubular portions 2, each having a longitudinal bore or interior chamber 3 and being interconnected by a web 4. Each tubular portion 2 comprises relatively thin 15 walls 5 and a contiguous relatively thick portion 6 at a corner of the holder, the portion 6 being of square cross section. A
channel 7 is defined by facing walls of the two tubular portions 2 and the connecting web 4.
In making an intumescent seal, the bores 2 are filled with a co~
20 position in the form of a slurry which is allowed or caused to harden to form a solid coherent mass of intumescent material 20.
Then a longitudinal saw cut bounded ~y dot-dash line & is made into each portion 6 to remove a part thereof. The saw cut breaks into the bore 3 but leaves a web 9 (see Figure lB~ at the exterior 25 of the holàer and a web lO within the holder. There is thus _ 5 _ formed a strait 11 having an opening 12 to the exterior of the holder and an opening 13- to the longitudinal bore 3 of the holder, the web 10 being disposed between the strait 11 and the bore 3.
m e web 10 constitutes a baffle, which~ as can be seen from Figure IB, restricts access to the bore or interior chamber 3 of the holder by a probe pushed through the opening 12 by a tarnperer.
A resilient draught and smoke sealing element 14 may be fitted to the seal. The sealing element 14 has a foot portion 15 which is located in the chamlel 7 and a blade 16 which extends away from the channel.
The intumescent material in either of the tubular portions 2 can protect the sealing element from heat in the event of a fire.
It is to be understood that it is not essential to provide the sealing element 14.
-Figures 2A to 6A show other shapes of holders and Figures 5B to9B show intumescent seals made therefrom, the intumescent material not being shown in the ~B~ figures for the sake of clarity.
In the holder of Figures 2A and 2B the channel 7 faces in the opposite direction to the openings 12 in the intumescent seal, and the tubular portions are interconnected by a relatively thick portion 4'. The seal can be fixed to a structure such as a door by fasteners (e.g. nails) passed through the portion 4' and the channel 7 into the structure.
The holder of Figures 3A and 3B has only one tubular portion 2 and hence only one interior chamber 3. Ideally in use the opening 12 is disposed between the source of fire and the sealing element 14.
The holder of Figures 4A and 4B has an inverted T-shaped channel 7 to receive a co~respondingly shaped base 15 of a draught and srnoke sealing element 14.
J
. - 6 - ~ 6~
The holder of ~igu~es 5A and 5B has only a single tubular portion 2 and the channel 7 faces in the opposite direction to the opening 12 in the seal. In alignment with the channel 7 is a shallow V-shaped channel 26 in portion 4~ of the holder. The seal can 5 be fixed to a structure such as a door by fasteners (e.g. nails) passed through the portion 4 n and the channel 7 into the structure, heads of the fasteners being sunk into the channel 26.
In the holder of Figure 6A and 6B, the tubular portions have a common wall or web 5'.
10 The holders described above and as shown in the "Ar figures may be made by extrusion of aluminium, aluminium alloy or plastics material. Such plastics material preferably has inclusions of material of high thermal conductivity.
It will be appreciated that the seals described above and which 15 comprise a resilient draught and smoke sealing element, may be used with such element omitted simply as an intumescent fire seal.
,. ..
Claims (9)
1. A method of making an intumescent seal comprising: providing a tubular holder having a longitudinal bore or interior chamber defined by a thickened longitudinally extending portion of the holder contiguous with a relatively thin wall of the holder; filling the bore of the holder with solid intumescent material; and thereafter removing a longitudinally extending part of said thickened portion thereby to leave part of the said thickened portion as a baffle, the space left by said removed part forming a strait having a longitudinally extending opening to the exterior of the holder and a longitudinally extending opening to the bore or chamber of the holder, the baffle being arranged to restrict access to the bore or chamber of the holder by a probe inserted through the first-mentioned opening.
2. A method according to claim 1, wherein the baffle is disposed between the strait and the longitudinal bore or interior chamber of the holder.
3. A method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the bore of the holder is filled with intumescent material by first filling the bore with a slurry or paste of a composition which subsequently hardens to form the intumescent material.
4. A method according to claim 1, wherein the removal of said part of the thickened portion leave two webs, one of which constitutes the baffle.
5. A method according to claim 4, wherein the other web is at the exterior of the holder.
6. A method according to claim 5, wherein the thickened portion is at a corner of the holder.
7. A method according to claim 6, wherein the thickened portion is square or rectangular in cross section.
8. A method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the removal of said part of the thickened portion is effected by means of a cutting tool.
9. A method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the removal of said part of the thickened portion leaves the opening from the strait into the bore of the holder defined between a free edge of the relatively thin wall portion and a free edge of the baffle.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8033772 | 1980-10-20 | ||
| GB8033772 | 1980-10-20 | ||
| GB8038921 | 1980-12-04 | ||
| GB8038921 | 1980-12-04 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1186498A true CA1186498A (en) | 1985-05-07 |
Family
ID=26277270
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000388208A Expired CA1186498A (en) | 1980-10-20 | 1981-10-19 | Intumescent seals |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0050517B1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU544875B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1186498A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3168376D1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4676025A (en) * | 1986-01-02 | 1987-06-30 | Schlegel Corporation | Remotely activatable seal |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3609364C2 (en) * | 1986-03-20 | 1995-08-17 | Manibs Spezialarmaturen | stopcock |
| CA1329228C (en) * | 1986-08-20 | 1994-05-03 | Tessa Malcolm-Brown | Intumescent seals |
| DE59000421D1 (en) * | 1989-03-23 | 1992-12-10 | Theo Schroeders | FIRE PROTECTION DOOR. |
| NL9201979A (en) * | 1992-11-12 | 1994-06-01 | Alprokon Promotie Ontwikk Bv | Elongated profile, provided with at least one receiving space. |
| US5492208A (en) * | 1994-02-01 | 1996-02-20 | Pemko Manufacturing Company | Intumescent security pin for fire rated doors |
| FR2764631B1 (en) * | 1997-05-26 | 1999-11-26 | Magri | HINGED OR BACK-TO-COME DOOR ASSEMBLY |
| GB0102552D0 (en) * | 2001-02-01 | 2001-03-21 | Lorient Polyprod Ltd | Gas seal |
| CN104066784B (en) * | 2011-11-29 | 2016-05-04 | 积水化学工业株式会社 | Building materials thermal expansivity multi-layer gasket |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1529054A (en) * | 1974-10-01 | 1978-10-18 | Dixon Int Ltd | Fire resistant seals |
| DK138610B (en) * | 1975-12-08 | 1978-10-02 | Elton Bv Ind & Handel | Fire expansion list. |
| GB1543757A (en) * | 1976-04-13 | 1979-04-04 | Dixon Int Ltd | Fire resistant seals |
| NL7705517A (en) * | 1977-05-18 | 1978-11-21 | Jan Jacob Dijksterhuis | SEALING PROFILE. |
-
1981
- 1981-10-19 CA CA000388208A patent/CA1186498A/en not_active Expired
- 1981-10-20 EP EP81304916A patent/EP0050517B1/en not_active Expired
- 1981-10-20 DE DE8181304916T patent/DE3168376D1/en not_active Expired
- 1981-10-20 AU AU76621/81A patent/AU544875B2/en not_active Ceased
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4676025A (en) * | 1986-01-02 | 1987-06-30 | Schlegel Corporation | Remotely activatable seal |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU7662181A (en) | 1982-04-29 |
| DE3168376D1 (en) | 1985-02-28 |
| AU544875B2 (en) | 1985-06-20 |
| EP0050517B1 (en) | 1985-01-16 |
| EP0050517A1 (en) | 1982-04-28 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |