CA1185434A - Injection of hot reducing gases into a blast furnace - Google Patents
Injection of hot reducing gases into a blast furnaceInfo
- Publication number
- CA1185434A CA1185434A CA000398050A CA398050A CA1185434A CA 1185434 A CA1185434 A CA 1185434A CA 000398050 A CA000398050 A CA 000398050A CA 398050 A CA398050 A CA 398050A CA 1185434 A CA1185434 A CA 1185434A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- reducing gases
- gases
- blast furnace
- coal
- fuel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
- C21B5/001—Injecting additional fuel or reducing agents
- C21B5/002—Heated electrically (plasma)
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
- C21B5/001—Injecting additional fuel or reducing agents
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Iron (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Reducing gases heated to a temperature of 1500 to 2800°C are injected into the main tuyeres of a blast furnace, these gases mainly containing CO, H2, and possibly N2, and smaller amounts of CO2 and H2O. The reducing gases are obtained from a solid fuel, preferably dried and finely crushed, injected into a reactor in which it is gasified in contact with an oxidising agent such as air, superoxygenated air, or even recycled throat gases having a sufficient CO2 content.
Reducing gases heated to a temperature of 1500 to 2800°C are injected into the main tuyeres of a blast furnace, these gases mainly containing CO, H2, and possibly N2, and smaller amounts of CO2 and H2O. The reducing gases are obtained from a solid fuel, preferably dried and finely crushed, injected into a reactor in which it is gasified in contact with an oxidising agent such as air, superoxygenated air, or even recycled throat gases having a sufficient CO2 content.
Description
~&5~3f~
.
Iaiection of hot reducinq qases into a blast furnace The present invention relates to a method of injecting hot reducing gases produced from solid fuel into a blast furnace.
The applicants have already tested and advocated a method in which, in order to replace the gases produced at the main tuyeres of a blast furnace as a result of combustion of coke with hot air~ known as the hot blast~,reducing ga~es having a temperature of between 1500 and 2800C are inJected. ' In this method9 the reducing gases are either produced in an independent unit and then superheated in a reactor~which may advantageously be an electrical aPParatUS of the plasma torch or arc heater type9 or are directly produced in the reactor where they are simultaneously heated to the required temperature. These reducing gases may be produced from any solid~ liquid~or gaseous fuel (hydrocarbor or carbonaceous material).
The present invention relates to a method of carrying out ~j~
., 54~3g~
the method described abovs~ and which may be applied to the particular case in which the reducing~ases injected into the blast furnace are ~roduced from a solid fuel.
In this respect the term solid fuel includes any material having a high carbon content, such as fossile material rangi~g from anthracite to lignite and peat~or even residues resulting from other industrial operations such ~a~, for example, pitch or petroleum coke.
The production of reducing gases from solid fuel9 including earbonized residues, is very advantageous in the present economic situa~ion in which petrol products and natural ga9es may only be profitably used in a very restricted number o~ cases. It is ~recisely for this reason that iron and steel specialists in numerous countries are again using coal. There have been numerous attempts in various parts o~ the world to replace a non-ne~ligible portion of the metallurgical coke by the direct inJection of these coals into tbe tuyeres of a blast furnace. The research which has been carried out to date shows that a direct injection of coal of this type is possible without disturbing the normal operation of the blast furnace, on condition that the combustion of this coal takes place to a lar~e ext~nt in the eddy zone which is produced in the blast furnace directly in front of the tuyeres through which the hot air (generally called hot blast) designed for the combustion of the coke is inJected.
I
5~3~
- 3 ~
However,a coal injection of this type poses Particular problems in the case in which it is desired to use high rates of injectionp i.e. runs in which the quantity of coal injected per tonne o~ pig iron is high.
In practice~ this rate of irjection is often expressed in kg o~ material blasted per tonne of pig iron. However, the only de~inition which is correct from the technical and scientific points of view is to express it in grammes of carbon injected per cubic metre of oxygen available to convert the coal into CO.
One o~ the problems posed by the lar~e~scale injeGtion of coal directly into the eddy zone in front of the tuyeres lies in the fact that the dwell time of the coal in this zone hardly exceeds one-tenth of a second and~consequently9 that the time available for the combustion o~ the coal is extremely short. In addition, as the coal injected is cold it is necessary to heat it above the inflammation temperature before combustion can commenoe. In addition, the speed of combustion of the coal is also strongly influenced by the oxygen potential (resulting from the free C02 and ~2 contents) of the fuel. As the "walls" of the eddy zone into which the cold coal is injected are formed by coke heated to a high temperature during its descent in the blast furnace, the coal competes with the heated coke to obtain the oxygen required for combustion. In these conditions, it can be 5~L3~
seen that it is difficult to exceed, without problems, rate~ of injection of approximately 300 gr-ammes of carbon per cubic metre of oxygen, i.e. approximately 80 to 120 kg of coal per tonne of pig iron according to the operating conditions of the blast furnace.
In addition, the coal injected directly into the eddy zone may be considered as a cooling injectionp i.e. that the gases produced by its combustion with the hot blast have a temperature which is considerably lower than the temperature obtained by the combustion of the same hot blast with the coke heated during its passage through the blast f~rnace before reaching this e~dy zone. Xf this involves a coolin~ injection at a moderate rate~ the cooling effect does not cause any problems with respect to the normal operation of the blast furnace and,in certain casss~ may even ~e beneficial. However9 for very high rates of injection and in particular in the case of certain types of fuel having a considerable cooling effect, this cooling action may have an extremely detrimental effect Z and may even prevent normal operation of the furnace. The visible sians of a run with this excessive cooling effect are constituted by a very high throat temperature which shows the de~ective operation of the furnace. It should be noted that the cooling action of a fuel increases, the more oxygen and water (moisture or water of crystallisation) the fuel contains.
~s~
~ 5 The technique proposed by the present invention enables operation with an extremely high solid fuel consumption extending up to the vicinity of the theoretical possible limit (525 grammes of carbon per cubic metre of C02 or HzO~ which corresPonds to 10S0 grammes of carbon per cubic metre of 2)~ whilst eliminating ths difficulties or the problems which are intrinsic to the direct coal injection technique as described above The new method proposed therefore has the advantage that pig iron may be produced whilst using high proportions of ~olid fuels without passing through the coking stage and without causing the drawbacks of a direct injection into the blast furnace. In addition, this new technique enables the use of the intrinsic advantages of the method of ~5 inJection of hot reducing gases already disclosed in the Belgian Patent Specifications No 748.274, 767.8979 770.
0949 813.118. Moreover, it is emphasised that the use of solid fuel with gasification in accorclance with the injection method described above leads to a substantial increase of the blast furnace output.
The method of the present inventdon in which reducing gases heated to a temperature of 1500 to 2800~C are inJected into the main tuyeres, these gases containing chiefly C0 and H2 and possibly N2 and, in smaller quantities, C02 and H20, is essentially characterised in that these reducing gases are 5~3@~
obtained from a solid fuel, preferably dried and finely crushed~ injected in suitable proportions ~0/carbon ratio) into a rsactor in which it is gasified in contact with an oxidising agent such as air, superoxygenated air or even recycled throat gases having a sufficient C02 content.
In an advantageous variant of the invention, which takes into account that the optimum granular size of the fuel used varies slightly in accordancewith the nature and the reactivity of the said fuel~ a material whose granular size is located in the range of 60 to ~00% of size lower than 75 micrometres ~s used.
The additional heat required to obtain gases heated to a temperature of between ~500 and 2800C~ as required within the scope of the method, is advanta~eously provided~ in accordance with the invention, by electrical methods using an arc heater or a plasma torch as an integral part of the reactor.
As a result ofthe use of this new technique, there are obtained at the nozzles of the tuyeres heated reducing gases which only contain fuel ash and a comparatively low proportion of unburnt residue. Their residual ~2 and C02 content is controlled such as to burn a pre-determined amount of coke (coke rate) selected on the basis of economic and otber consideratio~s.
5~3g~
7 ;;
In order to show the advantages of the method o~ the invention, the detailed examples given below show the differences in the technical characteristics of a blast furnace7 in the first instance for a conventional furnace run with direct coal injection (Case A) and then for a run in accordance wibh the method comprising the injection of hot reducing gases produced from coal (Cases ~ and C)4 In Case A, 100 kg of coal per tonne of pig iron were directly injected into the blast f~rnace through the main tuyeres. A coke rate of 372 kgft of pig iron was achieved, which was considerably lower than that of a run without coal injection. A throat gas temperature of 240C and a production output of 144.1~t/h were achieved.
In Case B, 1124 Nm /t 0~ pig iron of reducing gases produced from 200 kg~t pig iron of coal9 i.eO double that o~ Case A, were injected. 918 Nm /t plg iron of ordinary air at ~250 C were consumed to produce these reducing gases in a reactor comprising a plasma furnace. A coke rate of 247 kg/t pig iron,i.e. substantiall~ lower than that of Case A (372 kg/t pig iron), was achieved. Furthermore, the throat gas temperature (200C) was considerably lower than that of case A (240 C~.- The production output of the furnace was 161.51 t/h, iOe. much higher than that of case 8 (144.13 t/h)~
Case C is similar to that o~ case B~ with an injection of ~ ~ &~3~
981 Nm3/t pi~ iron of reducing ~ases prodwced from 200 kg/
t pig iron of coal. 739 N~ /t pig iron of air at 1250C
to which had been added 39.4 Nm /t pig iron of 2 were consumed to produce the reducing gases also in a reactor comprising a plasma furnaceO With respect to case B, practically the same coke rate was obtained (248 kg/t pig iron)~
with a throat gas temperature which was much lower (121C
in5tead of 200 C) and a substantially improved production output (181.86 tJh instead of 161.51 t/h). (Nm - m at normal temperature and pressure~.
A B C
~3 Coke rate (dry ) kg/t pig iron 372 247 248 .
Coal Quanti-ty kg/t pig iron 100 .
Blast Quantity Nm /t pig iron 1082 Te~perature C 1250 El~ ~ kWlj-~ pig iron 69 61 54 Piro~as Air at 1250C Nm3/t pig iron 918 739 Coal kg/t pig iron 200 200 Electrical energy k~h,'t pig iron 213 216 Oxygen Nm3/t pig iron --- 39.4 Reducing Gas CO % 20.79 23.73 C2 % 4.83 5.62 H2 % 3.53 3.72 ~2 æ 6.13 7.17 N2 ~ 64.72 59076 ~mount Nm3/t pig iron 1124 381 Throat gas CO % 22.46 22.38 24.97.
C2 Y 20.63 21,48 23.93 H2 ~ 2.33 4~02 4.41 Amount Nm /t pig iron 1571 1398 1259 Temperature C 240 200 121 Production output t~h 144.13 161~51 181~86 , ,.
~b ~
.
Iaiection of hot reducinq qases into a blast furnace The present invention relates to a method of injecting hot reducing gases produced from solid fuel into a blast furnace.
The applicants have already tested and advocated a method in which, in order to replace the gases produced at the main tuyeres of a blast furnace as a result of combustion of coke with hot air~ known as the hot blast~,reducing ga~es having a temperature of between 1500 and 2800C are inJected. ' In this method9 the reducing gases are either produced in an independent unit and then superheated in a reactor~which may advantageously be an electrical aPParatUS of the plasma torch or arc heater type9 or are directly produced in the reactor where they are simultaneously heated to the required temperature. These reducing gases may be produced from any solid~ liquid~or gaseous fuel (hydrocarbor or carbonaceous material).
The present invention relates to a method of carrying out ~j~
., 54~3g~
the method described abovs~ and which may be applied to the particular case in which the reducing~ases injected into the blast furnace are ~roduced from a solid fuel.
In this respect the term solid fuel includes any material having a high carbon content, such as fossile material rangi~g from anthracite to lignite and peat~or even residues resulting from other industrial operations such ~a~, for example, pitch or petroleum coke.
The production of reducing gases from solid fuel9 including earbonized residues, is very advantageous in the present economic situa~ion in which petrol products and natural ga9es may only be profitably used in a very restricted number o~ cases. It is ~recisely for this reason that iron and steel specialists in numerous countries are again using coal. There have been numerous attempts in various parts o~ the world to replace a non-ne~ligible portion of the metallurgical coke by the direct inJection of these coals into tbe tuyeres of a blast furnace. The research which has been carried out to date shows that a direct injection of coal of this type is possible without disturbing the normal operation of the blast furnace, on condition that the combustion of this coal takes place to a lar~e ext~nt in the eddy zone which is produced in the blast furnace directly in front of the tuyeres through which the hot air (generally called hot blast) designed for the combustion of the coke is inJected.
I
5~3~
- 3 ~
However,a coal injection of this type poses Particular problems in the case in which it is desired to use high rates of injectionp i.e. runs in which the quantity of coal injected per tonne o~ pig iron is high.
In practice~ this rate of irjection is often expressed in kg o~ material blasted per tonne of pig iron. However, the only de~inition which is correct from the technical and scientific points of view is to express it in grammes of carbon injected per cubic metre of oxygen available to convert the coal into CO.
One o~ the problems posed by the lar~e~scale injeGtion of coal directly into the eddy zone in front of the tuyeres lies in the fact that the dwell time of the coal in this zone hardly exceeds one-tenth of a second and~consequently9 that the time available for the combustion o~ the coal is extremely short. In addition, as the coal injected is cold it is necessary to heat it above the inflammation temperature before combustion can commenoe. In addition, the speed of combustion of the coal is also strongly influenced by the oxygen potential (resulting from the free C02 and ~2 contents) of the fuel. As the "walls" of the eddy zone into which the cold coal is injected are formed by coke heated to a high temperature during its descent in the blast furnace, the coal competes with the heated coke to obtain the oxygen required for combustion. In these conditions, it can be 5~L3~
seen that it is difficult to exceed, without problems, rate~ of injection of approximately 300 gr-ammes of carbon per cubic metre of oxygen, i.e. approximately 80 to 120 kg of coal per tonne of pig iron according to the operating conditions of the blast furnace.
In addition, the coal injected directly into the eddy zone may be considered as a cooling injectionp i.e. that the gases produced by its combustion with the hot blast have a temperature which is considerably lower than the temperature obtained by the combustion of the same hot blast with the coke heated during its passage through the blast f~rnace before reaching this e~dy zone. Xf this involves a coolin~ injection at a moderate rate~ the cooling effect does not cause any problems with respect to the normal operation of the blast furnace and,in certain casss~ may even ~e beneficial. However9 for very high rates of injection and in particular in the case of certain types of fuel having a considerable cooling effect, this cooling action may have an extremely detrimental effect Z and may even prevent normal operation of the furnace. The visible sians of a run with this excessive cooling effect are constituted by a very high throat temperature which shows the de~ective operation of the furnace. It should be noted that the cooling action of a fuel increases, the more oxygen and water (moisture or water of crystallisation) the fuel contains.
~s~
~ 5 The technique proposed by the present invention enables operation with an extremely high solid fuel consumption extending up to the vicinity of the theoretical possible limit (525 grammes of carbon per cubic metre of C02 or HzO~ which corresPonds to 10S0 grammes of carbon per cubic metre of 2)~ whilst eliminating ths difficulties or the problems which are intrinsic to the direct coal injection technique as described above The new method proposed therefore has the advantage that pig iron may be produced whilst using high proportions of ~olid fuels without passing through the coking stage and without causing the drawbacks of a direct injection into the blast furnace. In addition, this new technique enables the use of the intrinsic advantages of the method of ~5 inJection of hot reducing gases already disclosed in the Belgian Patent Specifications No 748.274, 767.8979 770.
0949 813.118. Moreover, it is emphasised that the use of solid fuel with gasification in accorclance with the injection method described above leads to a substantial increase of the blast furnace output.
The method of the present inventdon in which reducing gases heated to a temperature of 1500 to 2800~C are inJected into the main tuyeres, these gases containing chiefly C0 and H2 and possibly N2 and, in smaller quantities, C02 and H20, is essentially characterised in that these reducing gases are 5~3@~
obtained from a solid fuel, preferably dried and finely crushed~ injected in suitable proportions ~0/carbon ratio) into a rsactor in which it is gasified in contact with an oxidising agent such as air, superoxygenated air or even recycled throat gases having a sufficient C02 content.
In an advantageous variant of the invention, which takes into account that the optimum granular size of the fuel used varies slightly in accordancewith the nature and the reactivity of the said fuel~ a material whose granular size is located in the range of 60 to ~00% of size lower than 75 micrometres ~s used.
The additional heat required to obtain gases heated to a temperature of between ~500 and 2800C~ as required within the scope of the method, is advanta~eously provided~ in accordance with the invention, by electrical methods using an arc heater or a plasma torch as an integral part of the reactor.
As a result ofthe use of this new technique, there are obtained at the nozzles of the tuyeres heated reducing gases which only contain fuel ash and a comparatively low proportion of unburnt residue. Their residual ~2 and C02 content is controlled such as to burn a pre-determined amount of coke (coke rate) selected on the basis of economic and otber consideratio~s.
5~3g~
7 ;;
In order to show the advantages of the method o~ the invention, the detailed examples given below show the differences in the technical characteristics of a blast furnace7 in the first instance for a conventional furnace run with direct coal injection (Case A) and then for a run in accordance wibh the method comprising the injection of hot reducing gases produced from coal (Cases ~ and C)4 In Case A, 100 kg of coal per tonne of pig iron were directly injected into the blast f~rnace through the main tuyeres. A coke rate of 372 kgft of pig iron was achieved, which was considerably lower than that of a run without coal injection. A throat gas temperature of 240C and a production output of 144.1~t/h were achieved.
In Case B, 1124 Nm /t 0~ pig iron of reducing gases produced from 200 kg~t pig iron of coal9 i.eO double that o~ Case A, were injected. 918 Nm /t plg iron of ordinary air at ~250 C were consumed to produce these reducing gases in a reactor comprising a plasma furnace. A coke rate of 247 kg/t pig iron,i.e. substantiall~ lower than that of Case A (372 kg/t pig iron), was achieved. Furthermore, the throat gas temperature (200C) was considerably lower than that of case A (240 C~.- The production output of the furnace was 161.51 t/h, iOe. much higher than that of case 8 (144.13 t/h)~
Case C is similar to that o~ case B~ with an injection of ~ ~ &~3~
981 Nm3/t pi~ iron of reducing ~ases prodwced from 200 kg/
t pig iron of coal. 739 N~ /t pig iron of air at 1250C
to which had been added 39.4 Nm /t pig iron of 2 were consumed to produce the reducing gases also in a reactor comprising a plasma furnaceO With respect to case B, practically the same coke rate was obtained (248 kg/t pig iron)~
with a throat gas temperature which was much lower (121C
in5tead of 200 C) and a substantially improved production output (181.86 tJh instead of 161.51 t/h). (Nm - m at normal temperature and pressure~.
A B C
~3 Coke rate (dry ) kg/t pig iron 372 247 248 .
Coal Quanti-ty kg/t pig iron 100 .
Blast Quantity Nm /t pig iron 1082 Te~perature C 1250 El~ ~ kWlj-~ pig iron 69 61 54 Piro~as Air at 1250C Nm3/t pig iron 918 739 Coal kg/t pig iron 200 200 Electrical energy k~h,'t pig iron 213 216 Oxygen Nm3/t pig iron --- 39.4 Reducing Gas CO % 20.79 23.73 C2 % 4.83 5.62 H2 % 3.53 3.72 ~2 æ 6.13 7.17 N2 ~ 64.72 59076 ~mount Nm3/t pig iron 1124 381 Throat gas CO % 22.46 22.38 24.97.
C2 Y 20.63 21,48 23.93 H2 ~ 2.33 4~02 4.41 Amount Nm /t pig iron 1571 1398 1259 Temperature C 240 200 121 Production output t~h 144.13 161~51 181~86 , ,.
~b ~
Claims (6)
1. A method of injecting hot reducing gases into a blast furnace with main tuyeres, comprising:
(a) injecting particulate solid fuel into a reactor in which it is gasified in contact with an oxidising agent and heating the products of gasification to a temperature of 1500 to 2800°C, to produce reducing gases at 1500 to 2800°C mainly containing CO and H2 and optionally N2, and smaller amounts of CO2 and H2O; and (b) injecting the reducing gases into the main tuyeres.
(a) injecting particulate solid fuel into a reactor in which it is gasified in contact with an oxidising agent and heating the products of gasification to a temperature of 1500 to 2800°C, to produce reducing gases at 1500 to 2800°C mainly containing CO and H2 and optionally N2, and smaller amounts of CO2 and H2O; and (b) injecting the reducing gases into the main tuyeres.
2. A method as claimed in claim 1, in which the fuel is dried and finely crushed.
3. A method as claimed in claim 1, in which the particle size range of the fuel is such that 60 to 100% has a dimension of less than 75 micrometres.
4. A method as claimed in claim 1, in which additional heat required to obtain the gases heated to a temperature of 1500 to 2800°C is produced by electrical methods using an arc heater or a plasma torch which is an integral part of the reactor.
5. A method as claimed in claim 1, in which the solid fuel is coal.
6, A method as claimed in claim 19 in which the oxidising agent is selected from air, superoxygenated air, and recycled throat gas having a sufficient CO2 content.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| BE6/47416A BE887904A (en) | 1981-03-11 | 1981-03-11 | PROCESS FOR INJECTION IN THE TOP GAS STOVE, OVERHEATED REDUCERS PRODUCED FROM SOLID FUEL |
| BE887,904 | 1981-03-11 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1185434A true CA1185434A (en) | 1985-04-16 |
Family
ID=3874891
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000398050A Expired CA1185434A (en) | 1981-03-11 | 1982-03-10 | Injection of hot reducing gases into a blast furnace |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0073793A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS58500412A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU8271682A (en) |
| BE (1) | BE887904A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR8206887A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1185434A (en) |
| ES (1) | ES510284A0 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1982003091A1 (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA821604B (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| LU85585A1 (en) * | 1983-10-12 | 1985-04-02 | Centre Rech Metallurgique | PROCESS FOR INJECTING REDUCING GAS IN THE BLAST FURNACE |
| BE1001238A6 (en) * | 1987-12-03 | 1989-08-29 | Centre Rech Metallurgique | Ore reduction process in furnace tank. |
| DE19802338A1 (en) * | 1998-01-23 | 1999-07-29 | Schloemann Siemag Ag | Process and plant for the reduction of iron ore in the blast furnace |
| CN101871026A (en) * | 2010-06-12 | 2010-10-27 | 郑州豫兴耐火材料有限公司 | Method for injecting carbon dioxide into blast furnace |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1831254A (en) * | 1927-04-19 | 1931-11-10 | American Radiator Co | Method for furnace treatment of metal and metalliferous material |
| FR1397363A (en) * | 1964-03-17 | 1965-04-30 | Steinmueller Gmbh L & C | Method and device for the production and delivery of reducing products to a metallurgical installation |
| SE371453C (en) * | 1973-03-26 | 1978-01-23 | Skf Ind Trading & Dev | KIT FOR PRODUCTION OF REDUCTION GAS |
| BE833049A (en) * | 1975-09-03 | 1976-03-03 | PROCEDURE FOR USING GUEULARD GAS FROM HIGH RANGE | |
| US4153426A (en) * | 1977-07-18 | 1979-05-08 | Arthur G. Mckee & Company | Synthetic gas production |
| CA1147964A (en) * | 1979-05-25 | 1983-06-14 | Francis J. Ii Harvey | Process for reducing spent gas generated in the production of sponge iron |
| BE883667A (en) * | 1980-06-05 | 1980-12-05 | Centre Rech Metallurgique | PROCEDE DE CONDUITE D'UN FOUR A CUVE |
-
1981
- 1981-03-11 BE BE6/47416A patent/BE887904A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1982
- 1982-03-04 BR BR8206887A patent/BR8206887A/en unknown
- 1982-03-04 WO PCT/BE1982/000003 patent/WO1982003091A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1982-03-04 AU AU82716/82A patent/AU8271682A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1982-03-04 EP EP82900782A patent/EP0073793A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1982-03-04 JP JP57500996A patent/JPS58500412A/en active Pending
- 1982-03-10 ES ES510284A patent/ES510284A0/en active Granted
- 1982-03-10 CA CA000398050A patent/CA1185434A/en not_active Expired
- 1982-03-11 ZA ZA821604A patent/ZA821604B/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| BE887904A (en) | 1981-09-11 |
| WO1982003091A1 (en) | 1982-09-16 |
| ES8302785A1 (en) | 1983-01-16 |
| AU8271682A (en) | 1982-09-28 |
| JPS58500412A (en) | 1983-03-17 |
| ES510284A0 (en) | 1983-01-16 |
| EP0073793A1 (en) | 1983-03-16 |
| ZA821604B (en) | 1983-01-26 |
| BR8206887A (en) | 1983-03-01 |
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