CA1181250A - Method of and arrangement for cooling for example of atmosphere and machines in underground mining - Google Patents
Method of and arrangement for cooling for example of atmosphere and machines in underground miningInfo
- Publication number
- CA1181250A CA1181250A CA000402279A CA402279A CA1181250A CA 1181250 A CA1181250 A CA 1181250A CA 000402279 A CA000402279 A CA 000402279A CA 402279 A CA402279 A CA 402279A CA 1181250 A CA1181250 A CA 1181250A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- pressure
- liquid
- circuit
- low
- chambers
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 104
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 78
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 208000036366 Sensation of pressure Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 15
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000002730 additional effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019628 coolness Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003657 drainage water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000001848 dysentery Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003665 fog water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000008234 soft water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
Abstract
ABSTRACT
A method of and an arrangement for cooling particularly of atmosphere and/or machines in underground mining, includes a high pressure liquid circuit and a low pressure liquid circuit in which two liquids having different temperatures and pressures are circulated and which are connected for direct and continuous exchange between the liquids by a three-chamber pipe feeder having chambers with blocking elements arranged at the ends of the chambers and operative in cooperation with manometers for taking charge of pressure increase and pressure decrease of the liquids in the chambers.
A method of and an arrangement for cooling particularly of atmosphere and/or machines in underground mining, includes a high pressure liquid circuit and a low pressure liquid circuit in which two liquids having different temperatures and pressures are circulated and which are connected for direct and continuous exchange between the liquids by a three-chamber pipe feeder having chambers with blocking elements arranged at the ends of the chambers and operative in cooperation with manometers for taking charge of pressure increase and pressure decrease of the liquids in the chambers.
Description
25~
METHOD OF AND ARRANGEMENT FOR COOLING, FOR EXAMPLE
OF ATMOSPHERE AND MACHINES IN UNDERGROUND
MINING
1 The present invention relates to a method of and arrangement for cooling, for example atmosphere and machines in underground mining. More particularly, it relates to such a method and arrangement which includes a hiyh-pressure liquid circuit with an overground cooling machine and an underground high-pressure hea-t exchanger, and a low pressure liquid circuit cooled by the high-pressure heat exchanger and connected with a consumer which can be connected with condensers for further cool-ing. With coal excavations moving further to the north and dril~
ling in deeper located strata, the problem o~ heating in these strata become very important. Auxiliary means known at present for obtaining cold atmosphere or liquids, predominantly of cold water, are refrigerating or cooling machines or heat exchangers.
The conventional cooling used now in underground mining in-cludes two independent circuits in which, for example, water cooled to 3C - by a cooling machine in high-pressure circuit with absorption of heat of the so-called secondary cir-cuit is cooled by a high-pressure heat exchanger. The cooled water enters the heat exchanger with 3C and with hea-t-20, ing to 23~C exits -the hea-t exchanger. The water heated by the consumer in the secondaxy circui-t, for example -to 27C is cooled to 8C. By providing addi-tional condensers it is possible to cool -the water supplied to -the consumer with the temperature 8~C, further -to 5C.
A considerable disadvan-tage of the above-described cooling system is that :in condition of the great depth in the Ruhr mining region, -the cold water supplied into the mine forms a high-pressure circuit which leads to two circuits separa-ted 1 from one another. A further disadvantage is energy losses which are considerable because the cold water in high-pressure circuits of the heat exchanger is supplied with 3C and -the water supplied with ap-proximately 27C in the heat exchanger of the low pressure circuit can be cooled only to 8C. Moreover, the heat exchanger with all accessories requires high investments. The effectiveness of the hea-t exchanger depends upon the heat exchanger surface and -thereby a high effectiveness requires a great spatial construc-tion. High pressure of the cooling liquid because of -the depth requires two in-10dependent liquid circuits. On the other hand the pressure whichtakes place in the high-pressure circuit requires tubular walls which make impossible such a cooling process because oE structural expenditures.
Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method of and an arrangement for cooling whic!h avoids the disadvantates of -the prior art.
More par-ticularly, it is an object of the present inven-tion to provide a me-thod of and an arrangement for cooling of at-mosphere and machines in underground mining, whose effec-tiveness, 20Wi-th avoidance of losses, is approximately optimal, which avoids high investments required for a heat exchanger in the sense of ma-chinery and spa-tial dimensions underground, and which moreover pro-vides for transformation of the h:iyh pressure region into a low pressure region in a simple manner and withou-t addi-tional energy consumption.
In keeping wi-th these objects and with others which will become apparent hereinafter, one feature of the present invention resides, briefly stated, in a method of and an arrangement for cooling in which between a high-pressure liquid circult and a low-pressure 30liquid circuit, a clirec-t and continuous exchange oE liquid of dif-ferent temperatures and pressures takes place wi-th -the aid of a ~ree-chamber pipe heater provided with blocking elements a-t the ends .
1 of the chambers, wherein the blocking elements in connection with contact manometers take charge of pressure increase and pres-sure decrease of the liquid.
In accordance with another especially advantageous fea-ture of the present invention, the liquid which is cooled overground causes in high pressure region continuous -transport of the consumer heated liquid wikh the aid of the three chamber pipe feeder toward overground, and the consumer heated liquid causes in low pressure region transport of -the cooled liquid 10 which is pressureless under the action of the blocking element toward the consumer. When the method and arrangement are de-signed in accordance with these features, a direct exchange of the hot liquid for the cold liquid -takes place so that no addi-tional energy consumption is required.
In accordance with still another advantageous feature of the present invention, the same quantities and speed of the cool-ing liquid are maintained in the high pressure and low pressure liquid circuit, and the required cooling liquid quantity is de-termined by tempera-ture measurements at the consumer in connection 20 with an adjusting sys-tem, wherein the cooling water quanti-ty is compensated via a further adjusting system in the high pressure liquid ci.rcuit. In this case :it is possible to maintain the liquid quantities identical in both circuits in dependence upon the quantities transported to the consumer.
A further advantageous Eeature of -the present invention is that continuous filling and emp-tying of -the chambers is carried out by a central control system, and -the signals of -timing elemen-ts and/or integrators, contact monometers and end switches of the blocking elemen-ts are released in accordance wi-th a sequence con-trol.
METHOD OF AND ARRANGEMENT FOR COOLING, FOR EXAMPLE
OF ATMOSPHERE AND MACHINES IN UNDERGROUND
MINING
1 The present invention relates to a method of and arrangement for cooling, for example atmosphere and machines in underground mining. More particularly, it relates to such a method and arrangement which includes a hiyh-pressure liquid circuit with an overground cooling machine and an underground high-pressure hea-t exchanger, and a low pressure liquid circuit cooled by the high-pressure heat exchanger and connected with a consumer which can be connected with condensers for further cool-ing. With coal excavations moving further to the north and dril~
ling in deeper located strata, the problem o~ heating in these strata become very important. Auxiliary means known at present for obtaining cold atmosphere or liquids, predominantly of cold water, are refrigerating or cooling machines or heat exchangers.
The conventional cooling used now in underground mining in-cludes two independent circuits in which, for example, water cooled to 3C - by a cooling machine in high-pressure circuit with absorption of heat of the so-called secondary cir-cuit is cooled by a high-pressure heat exchanger. The cooled water enters the heat exchanger with 3C and with hea-t-20, ing to 23~C exits -the hea-t exchanger. The water heated by the consumer in the secondaxy circui-t, for example -to 27C is cooled to 8C. By providing addi-tional condensers it is possible to cool -the water supplied to -the consumer with the temperature 8~C, further -to 5C.
A considerable disadvan-tage of the above-described cooling system is that :in condition of the great depth in the Ruhr mining region, -the cold water supplied into the mine forms a high-pressure circuit which leads to two circuits separa-ted 1 from one another. A further disadvantage is energy losses which are considerable because the cold water in high-pressure circuits of the heat exchanger is supplied with 3C and -the water supplied with ap-proximately 27C in the heat exchanger of the low pressure circuit can be cooled only to 8C. Moreover, the heat exchanger with all accessories requires high investments. The effectiveness of the hea-t exchanger depends upon the heat exchanger surface and -thereby a high effectiveness requires a great spatial construc-tion. High pressure of the cooling liquid because of -the depth requires two in-10dependent liquid circuits. On the other hand the pressure whichtakes place in the high-pressure circuit requires tubular walls which make impossible such a cooling process because oE structural expenditures.
Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method of and an arrangement for cooling whic!h avoids the disadvantates of -the prior art.
More par-ticularly, it is an object of the present inven-tion to provide a me-thod of and an arrangement for cooling of at-mosphere and machines in underground mining, whose effec-tiveness, 20Wi-th avoidance of losses, is approximately optimal, which avoids high investments required for a heat exchanger in the sense of ma-chinery and spa-tial dimensions underground, and which moreover pro-vides for transformation of the h:iyh pressure region into a low pressure region in a simple manner and withou-t addi-tional energy consumption.
In keeping wi-th these objects and with others which will become apparent hereinafter, one feature of the present invention resides, briefly stated, in a method of and an arrangement for cooling in which between a high-pressure liquid circult and a low-pressure 30liquid circuit, a clirec-t and continuous exchange oE liquid of dif-ferent temperatures and pressures takes place wi-th -the aid of a ~ree-chamber pipe heater provided with blocking elements a-t the ends .
1 of the chambers, wherein the blocking elements in connection with contact manometers take charge of pressure increase and pres-sure decrease of the liquid.
In accordance with another especially advantageous fea-ture of the present invention, the liquid which is cooled overground causes in high pressure region continuous -transport of the consumer heated liquid wikh the aid of the three chamber pipe feeder toward overground, and the consumer heated liquid causes in low pressure region transport of -the cooled liquid 10 which is pressureless under the action of the blocking element toward the consumer. When the method and arrangement are de-signed in accordance with these features, a direct exchange of the hot liquid for the cold liquid -takes place so that no addi-tional energy consumption is required.
In accordance with still another advantageous feature of the present invention, the same quantities and speed of the cool-ing liquid are maintained in the high pressure and low pressure liquid circuit, and the required cooling liquid quantity is de-termined by tempera-ture measurements at the consumer in connection 20 with an adjusting sys-tem, wherein the cooling water quanti-ty is compensated via a further adjusting system in the high pressure liquid ci.rcuit. In this case :it is possible to maintain the liquid quantities identical in both circuits in dependence upon the quantities transported to the consumer.
A further advantageous Eeature of -the present invention is that continuous filling and emp-tying of -the chambers is carried out by a central control system, and -the signals of -timing elemen-ts and/or integrators, contact monometers and end switches of the blocking elemen-ts are released in accordance wi-th a sequence con-trol.
2~
1 Still a further especially advantageous feature of the present invention is that a chamber-pipe feeder is arranged as controlling element between the high-pressure liquid circuit and the low-pressure liquid circuit, and the high-pressure liquid circuit includes each chamber connected wi-th cooling water conduits coming from overground and heated water conduits leading toward over-ground, and the low pressure liquid circuit includes each chamber in communication wi-th a cooling water conduit leading to the consumer and a heated water conduit coming from the consumer, arranged in 10 closed and/or interrup-ted circuit, wherein the blocking elements and pressure compensating elements in connection with contact monometers for pressure increase and pressure decrease are associated with the chambers.
The highly advantageous results produced by the present invention are that approximately optimum efficiency during cooling is obtained, cold water supplied in the mine for transporting the soft water is used in cost-economical manner, hea-t transfer to over-ground is available for further utilization, and the liquid circuits can be u-tilized for holding fresh water.
The novel features which are considered as characteristic for the present invention are set forth in particular in the appended claims. The invention itself, however, both as to its construction and its method of operation, -toge-ther with additional objects and advantages thereof, will be best understood from the following de-scription of specific embodiments when read in connection with the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a view schematically showing a three-chamber pipe heater in connection with a high pressure circuit and a low pressure circuit with filling and emp-tying in accordance with counter-30 :Elow principle;
2S~
1 FIG. 2 is a view substantially corresponding -to the view of FIG. 1 but showing filling and emptying in the same direction;
FIG. 3 is a view showing three free chamber pipe heaters connected in series and provided for a direct flow and a counter flow; and FIG. 4 is a time diagram for controlling a free chamber pipe heater with continuous filling and emptying.
Heater 1 shows in schematic form a three-chamber heater wi-th chambers A,B,C which connects in a di.rect and continuous ex-lOchange of wa-ter having different temperature and different pressure, a high pressure liquid circuit HD with a low pressure liquid cir-cuit ND. Water from overground is supplied from a refrigerating ma-chine or a heat using device 25 via a cooling water conduit 26 with 3C into a water container 27. Via the water container 27, the cooled water is supplied into a cold water conduit 17 and further travels to chambers A,B,C. Pressure increase in the chambers A,B,C or pressure decrease therein are dealt with by blocking elements 1-12a in connection with contact manometers 13,14,15.
The water which comes from a consumer 18 and has, for 20example, a temperature of 27C is supplied via a hot water conduit 19 in counter stream to the chambers A,B and C. For overcoming the power losses in the cold wa-ter condui-t 17 or the hot water conduit 19, additional pumps 28 or 20 are p:rovided i.n these con-duits.
In the closed low pressure liquid circuit ND, as shown in FIG. 1, the he~ted wa-ter fills -the chambers A,B,C with pressure acting in the low pressure liquid circuit Since because of the three chamber :Eeeder a continuous filling of -the chamber or a continuous transport takes place, a central control system is 30provided, wherein the signals of timing elemen-ts and/or integrators z~
1 release via contact manometers and via the end switches the block-ing elements with a sequence control. While the chamber A trans-ports the heated water via the hot water conduit 16 towards over-ground, the chamber B is filled with the heated water which simultaneously presses the cold water in the low pressure liquid circuit ND in di.rection toward the consumer 18 from the chamber B. The exact operational process of the individual chambers A,B,C in connection with switching of the blocking elements 11-12a will be described in detail la-ter on.
An adjusting system is formed in the low pressure liquid circuit ND in the cold water conduit 17 and is composed of a quantity measuring element 22 and an adjustment element 27.
In dependence upon the quantity of cold water at the consumer 1~, determined by a temperature measuring element 24, this quantity is determined by the adjusting system in the low pressure liquid circuit ND. The cold water quantity determined by the measuring element 22 or the adjusting element 23 and required in the low pressure liquid circuit is transmitted to a Eurther adjusting system inside the high pressure liquid circuit HD. The latter-mentioned adjustment system is also composed of a quantity meas-uring element 29 and an adjustment element 30. In this manner the quantities of wa-ter in the circui-ts are main-tained identical.
circuit In accordance with a further embodiment which is not shown iII the drawings :lt is possible that the low pressure liquid ND is connected in an interrupted form wlth the high pressure liquid circuit. With -the utiliza-tion of cooling water for different consumers i-t is necessary -that water heated by different consumexs is received in an additional reservoir and supplied by further pump to the chambers A,B and C.
When instead -the refrigerating or cooling machine 25 l25q~
1 a heat using device is utilized overground, in which hot water supplied via the hot water conduit 16 to the ground is used in the form of a heating device, it is possible for heating the water to highertemperature than conventional for underground con-sumers, to heat the water in additional deep bore holes or par-ticularly arranged yalleries at a respective depth and subse-quently -transport the same via the chambers A,B,C or the hot water conduit 16 to the ground.
It is also possible, which is no-t shown in the draw-ings, to incorporate an underground water drainage in the lowpressure liquid circuit ND. For such an additional utilization of the three-chamber pipe feeder an additional water reservoir is required which in conventional underground water drainage can correspond to a pump sump. The advantage of transporting the drainage water via the three chamber pipe feeder is that mud can also be transported without difficul-ties, since for the transport no high~pressure pumps are needed.
Water losses which take place in -the event of an un--interrupted circuit in the low pressure region, for example be-cause spraying of water for dust suppression and evaporation,can be replaced byaddi-tional supply oE mine water withou-t addition-al energy consumption for water transport. When a heat-using de-vice is utilized underground, it is possible -to use -the high pressure liquid circuit ~ID as a heat pump. The adjustment of the liquid quan-tities, by the adjustment systems as mentioned above, can be performed by adjusting the number of revolutions of the pumps 28 and 20.
FIG. 2 shows a method in accordance with which the high pressure liquid circui-t and the low pressure liquid circuit are connected in direct water exchange, and it is possible to Z5~
1 provide for continuous filling and emptying of the chambers A,B
and C in the same direction.
In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, a device for cooling in underground regions includes two three chamber pipe feeders with chambers Al, Bl, Cl and A2, B2, C2 connected in series. In dependence upon the required depth at the underground consumer or in dependence upon the operational pressure, it is possible to connect several three chamber pipe feeders in series.
In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 the pipe feeder 10 having the chambers Al, Bl, Cl operates in accordance with direct flow principle, whereas the pipe feeder having the chambers A2, B2 and C2 operates in accordance with a counter flow principle.
In order to provide for minimum heat transfer in the chambers A, B, C in the sense of avoiding losses, it is advantage-ous when the chambers A, B and C are formed as long pipes over a greater diameter provided with a corresponding installation. The chambers may, however, have other shapes. The transport of mine water can also be expanded to mineral oil transport. For example salt can be dissolved in water and transported as fog water.
The assump-tion for an optimum heat exchange in the chambers A, B and C is comple-te filling and emptying. This is attained when the water speeds or the water quantities in both circuits are iden-tical.
As mentioned above, -the required cold water quantity is determined by the tempera-ture measuring element 2~. The temperature measuring element 2~ acljus-ts via -the adjusting system in the low pressure liquid circuit ND the desired quantity, and also the quan-tity in the high pressure liquid circuit EID via the adjusting system 29, 30. An integrator arranged in the low pres-` 30 sure adjusting system detects -the passing water quantity and z~
1 produces a signal for switching these chambers.
The transport for all chambers A,B and C takes place in accordance with a diagram shown in FIG. 4-As initial point the chamber A is provided~ as shown in FIG. l, which transports heated water to the ground and simultaneously is filled with cold water via the cold water conduit 17 under hiyh pressure. The blocking elements 1, 3 and 3a are opened, whereas the blocking elements 2, 4 and 4a are closed. Simultaneously, the chamber B is filled under low pressure with hot water via the hot water conduit 19 and gives away the cold water to the consumer to be cooled via the conduit 21. The blocking elements 6, 8 and 8a are opened and the blocking elements 5, 7 and 7a are closed. At the same time, the chamber C is filled with ex-panded cold water. The blocking element 12a is opened, whereas the blocking elements 9, lO, lla and 12 are closed.
With this condition, the complete transport for the chambers A, B and C is performed in accordance with the following steps which are periodically repeated.
Step I. The blocking elements lO and 12 are opened by an integrator.
Step II: The end switch of the blocking elements 10 and 12 close the blocking elements 6, 8 and 8a. Thereby fi:l.ling with hot water and emptying with cold water for the chamber C is provided. This process ends simu:Ltaneously in the chamber B.
Step III: The closed end switch of the blocking elemen-ts 6, 8, 8a opens the blocking element 7a.
Step IV: The chamber s is actuated under high pressure. The - contact manometer 14 shows the high pressure.
Step V: The contact manometer 14 opens the blocking elements 5 and 7.
2~0 Step VI: The end switch of the blocking elements 5 and 7 close the blocking elements 1, 3 and 3a. Thereby the chamber B transports hot water to the ground and ls filled under pressure with cold water. The hot water transport of the chamber A is ended. The chamber A is now filled with cold water.
S-tep VII: ~he end switch o the blocking elements 1, 3 and 3a opens the slide valve 4a.
Step VIII: Via the blocking element 4a, the high pressure is formed in the chamber A. The end switch of the blocking element 4a starts an intergrator which, from the water quantities in both circuits, determines the required time of the next switching. The contact manometer 13 shows low pressure.
Step IX: Via an integrator, the blocking elements 2 and 4 are opened.
Step X: The end switch of the blocking elements 2 and 4 close the blocking elements 10, 12 and 12a. Thereby fil-ling with hot water and emptying with cold water for the chamber A is provided. This process ends sim-ul-taneously in the chamber C.
Step XI: The closed end switch of -the blocking elements 10, 12, 12a opens the blocking element lla.
Step XII: The chamber C is fed under high pressure. The contac-t manometer 15 shows high pressure.
Step XIII: The contact manometer 15 opens the blocking elements 9 and 11.
Step XIV: The end switch oE the blocking elements 9 and 11 closes the blocking elements 5, 7 and 7a~ Thereby the chamber C transports hot water to the ground and ~ is filled under high pressure with cold water. The hot water transport from the chamber B is ended.
The chamber B is now filled with cold water.
Step XV: The end switch of the blocking elements 5, 7 and 7a opens the blocking element 8a.
Step XVI: Via the blocking elements 8a, the high pressure is formed in the chamber B. The end switch of -the block-ing element 8a starts an in-tegrator which, from the water quantities in both circui-ts, determines the required time of next switching. The contac-t manometcr 14 shows low pressure.
Step XVII: Via an integrator, -the blocking elements 6 and 8 are opened.
Step XVIII: The end switch of the blocking elements 6 and 8 closed the blocking elements 2, 4 and 4a. Thereby filling with hot water and emptying with cold water of the chamber B is provided. This process ends now for the chamber A.
Step XVIX: The closed end switch of the blocking elements 2, 4 and 4a opens the blocking element 3a.
Step XX: The chamber A is se-t under high pressure. The contact manometer 13 shows high pressure.
Step XXI: The con-tact manometer 13 opens the blocking elements 1 and 3.
Step XXII: The end switch of the blocking elements 1 and 3 closes the blocking elemen-ts 9, 11 and lla. Thereby the chamber A supplies hot wa-ter -to the ground and is filled under high pressure wi-th the cold water. The hot water trans-port from chamber C is ended. I-t is now filled with water.
z~
Step XXIII: The end switch of the blocking elements 9, 11 and lla opens the blocking element 12a.
Step XXIV: Via the blocking element 12a the high pressure is formed ln the chamber C. The end switch of -the block-ing element starts an inteyrator which, from the wa-ter quantities in both circuits, determines the required time for next swi-tching. The contact manometer 15 shows low pressure.
1 Still a further especially advantageous feature of the present invention is that a chamber-pipe feeder is arranged as controlling element between the high-pressure liquid circuit and the low-pressure liquid circuit, and the high-pressure liquid circuit includes each chamber connected wi-th cooling water conduits coming from overground and heated water conduits leading toward over-ground, and the low pressure liquid circuit includes each chamber in communication wi-th a cooling water conduit leading to the consumer and a heated water conduit coming from the consumer, arranged in 10 closed and/or interrup-ted circuit, wherein the blocking elements and pressure compensating elements in connection with contact monometers for pressure increase and pressure decrease are associated with the chambers.
The highly advantageous results produced by the present invention are that approximately optimum efficiency during cooling is obtained, cold water supplied in the mine for transporting the soft water is used in cost-economical manner, hea-t transfer to over-ground is available for further utilization, and the liquid circuits can be u-tilized for holding fresh water.
The novel features which are considered as characteristic for the present invention are set forth in particular in the appended claims. The invention itself, however, both as to its construction and its method of operation, -toge-ther with additional objects and advantages thereof, will be best understood from the following de-scription of specific embodiments when read in connection with the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a view schematically showing a three-chamber pipe heater in connection with a high pressure circuit and a low pressure circuit with filling and emp-tying in accordance with counter-30 :Elow principle;
2S~
1 FIG. 2 is a view substantially corresponding -to the view of FIG. 1 but showing filling and emptying in the same direction;
FIG. 3 is a view showing three free chamber pipe heaters connected in series and provided for a direct flow and a counter flow; and FIG. 4 is a time diagram for controlling a free chamber pipe heater with continuous filling and emptying.
Heater 1 shows in schematic form a three-chamber heater wi-th chambers A,B,C which connects in a di.rect and continuous ex-lOchange of wa-ter having different temperature and different pressure, a high pressure liquid circuit HD with a low pressure liquid cir-cuit ND. Water from overground is supplied from a refrigerating ma-chine or a heat using device 25 via a cooling water conduit 26 with 3C into a water container 27. Via the water container 27, the cooled water is supplied into a cold water conduit 17 and further travels to chambers A,B,C. Pressure increase in the chambers A,B,C or pressure decrease therein are dealt with by blocking elements 1-12a in connection with contact manometers 13,14,15.
The water which comes from a consumer 18 and has, for 20example, a temperature of 27C is supplied via a hot water conduit 19 in counter stream to the chambers A,B and C. For overcoming the power losses in the cold wa-ter condui-t 17 or the hot water conduit 19, additional pumps 28 or 20 are p:rovided i.n these con-duits.
In the closed low pressure liquid circuit ND, as shown in FIG. 1, the he~ted wa-ter fills -the chambers A,B,C with pressure acting in the low pressure liquid circuit Since because of the three chamber :Eeeder a continuous filling of -the chamber or a continuous transport takes place, a central control system is 30provided, wherein the signals of timing elemen-ts and/or integrators z~
1 release via contact manometers and via the end switches the block-ing elements with a sequence control. While the chamber A trans-ports the heated water via the hot water conduit 16 towards over-ground, the chamber B is filled with the heated water which simultaneously presses the cold water in the low pressure liquid circuit ND in di.rection toward the consumer 18 from the chamber B. The exact operational process of the individual chambers A,B,C in connection with switching of the blocking elements 11-12a will be described in detail la-ter on.
An adjusting system is formed in the low pressure liquid circuit ND in the cold water conduit 17 and is composed of a quantity measuring element 22 and an adjustment element 27.
In dependence upon the quantity of cold water at the consumer 1~, determined by a temperature measuring element 24, this quantity is determined by the adjusting system in the low pressure liquid circuit ND. The cold water quantity determined by the measuring element 22 or the adjusting element 23 and required in the low pressure liquid circuit is transmitted to a Eurther adjusting system inside the high pressure liquid circuit HD. The latter-mentioned adjustment system is also composed of a quantity meas-uring element 29 and an adjustment element 30. In this manner the quantities of wa-ter in the circui-ts are main-tained identical.
circuit In accordance with a further embodiment which is not shown iII the drawings :lt is possible that the low pressure liquid ND is connected in an interrupted form wlth the high pressure liquid circuit. With -the utiliza-tion of cooling water for different consumers i-t is necessary -that water heated by different consumexs is received in an additional reservoir and supplied by further pump to the chambers A,B and C.
When instead -the refrigerating or cooling machine 25 l25q~
1 a heat using device is utilized overground, in which hot water supplied via the hot water conduit 16 to the ground is used in the form of a heating device, it is possible for heating the water to highertemperature than conventional for underground con-sumers, to heat the water in additional deep bore holes or par-ticularly arranged yalleries at a respective depth and subse-quently -transport the same via the chambers A,B,C or the hot water conduit 16 to the ground.
It is also possible, which is no-t shown in the draw-ings, to incorporate an underground water drainage in the lowpressure liquid circuit ND. For such an additional utilization of the three-chamber pipe feeder an additional water reservoir is required which in conventional underground water drainage can correspond to a pump sump. The advantage of transporting the drainage water via the three chamber pipe feeder is that mud can also be transported without difficul-ties, since for the transport no high~pressure pumps are needed.
Water losses which take place in -the event of an un--interrupted circuit in the low pressure region, for example be-cause spraying of water for dust suppression and evaporation,can be replaced byaddi-tional supply oE mine water withou-t addition-al energy consumption for water transport. When a heat-using de-vice is utilized underground, it is possible -to use -the high pressure liquid circuit ~ID as a heat pump. The adjustment of the liquid quan-tities, by the adjustment systems as mentioned above, can be performed by adjusting the number of revolutions of the pumps 28 and 20.
FIG. 2 shows a method in accordance with which the high pressure liquid circui-t and the low pressure liquid circuit are connected in direct water exchange, and it is possible to Z5~
1 provide for continuous filling and emptying of the chambers A,B
and C in the same direction.
In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, a device for cooling in underground regions includes two three chamber pipe feeders with chambers Al, Bl, Cl and A2, B2, C2 connected in series. In dependence upon the required depth at the underground consumer or in dependence upon the operational pressure, it is possible to connect several three chamber pipe feeders in series.
In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 the pipe feeder 10 having the chambers Al, Bl, Cl operates in accordance with direct flow principle, whereas the pipe feeder having the chambers A2, B2 and C2 operates in accordance with a counter flow principle.
In order to provide for minimum heat transfer in the chambers A, B, C in the sense of avoiding losses, it is advantage-ous when the chambers A, B and C are formed as long pipes over a greater diameter provided with a corresponding installation. The chambers may, however, have other shapes. The transport of mine water can also be expanded to mineral oil transport. For example salt can be dissolved in water and transported as fog water.
The assump-tion for an optimum heat exchange in the chambers A, B and C is comple-te filling and emptying. This is attained when the water speeds or the water quantities in both circuits are iden-tical.
As mentioned above, -the required cold water quantity is determined by the tempera-ture measuring element 2~. The temperature measuring element 2~ acljus-ts via -the adjusting system in the low pressure liquid circuit ND the desired quantity, and also the quan-tity in the high pressure liquid circuit EID via the adjusting system 29, 30. An integrator arranged in the low pres-` 30 sure adjusting system detects -the passing water quantity and z~
1 produces a signal for switching these chambers.
The transport for all chambers A,B and C takes place in accordance with a diagram shown in FIG. 4-As initial point the chamber A is provided~ as shown in FIG. l, which transports heated water to the ground and simultaneously is filled with cold water via the cold water conduit 17 under hiyh pressure. The blocking elements 1, 3 and 3a are opened, whereas the blocking elements 2, 4 and 4a are closed. Simultaneously, the chamber B is filled under low pressure with hot water via the hot water conduit 19 and gives away the cold water to the consumer to be cooled via the conduit 21. The blocking elements 6, 8 and 8a are opened and the blocking elements 5, 7 and 7a are closed. At the same time, the chamber C is filled with ex-panded cold water. The blocking element 12a is opened, whereas the blocking elements 9, lO, lla and 12 are closed.
With this condition, the complete transport for the chambers A, B and C is performed in accordance with the following steps which are periodically repeated.
Step I. The blocking elements lO and 12 are opened by an integrator.
Step II: The end switch of the blocking elements 10 and 12 close the blocking elements 6, 8 and 8a. Thereby fi:l.ling with hot water and emptying with cold water for the chamber C is provided. This process ends simu:Ltaneously in the chamber B.
Step III: The closed end switch of the blocking elemen-ts 6, 8, 8a opens the blocking element 7a.
Step IV: The chamber s is actuated under high pressure. The - contact manometer 14 shows the high pressure.
Step V: The contact manometer 14 opens the blocking elements 5 and 7.
2~0 Step VI: The end switch of the blocking elements 5 and 7 close the blocking elements 1, 3 and 3a. Thereby the chamber B transports hot water to the ground and ls filled under pressure with cold water. The hot water transport of the chamber A is ended. The chamber A is now filled with cold water.
S-tep VII: ~he end switch o the blocking elements 1, 3 and 3a opens the slide valve 4a.
Step VIII: Via the blocking element 4a, the high pressure is formed in the chamber A. The end switch of the blocking element 4a starts an intergrator which, from the water quantities in both circuits, determines the required time of the next switching. The contact manometer 13 shows low pressure.
Step IX: Via an integrator, the blocking elements 2 and 4 are opened.
Step X: The end switch of the blocking elements 2 and 4 close the blocking elements 10, 12 and 12a. Thereby fil-ling with hot water and emptying with cold water for the chamber A is provided. This process ends sim-ul-taneously in the chamber C.
Step XI: The closed end switch of -the blocking elements 10, 12, 12a opens the blocking element lla.
Step XII: The chamber C is fed under high pressure. The contac-t manometer 15 shows high pressure.
Step XIII: The contact manometer 15 opens the blocking elements 9 and 11.
Step XIV: The end switch oE the blocking elements 9 and 11 closes the blocking elements 5, 7 and 7a~ Thereby the chamber C transports hot water to the ground and ~ is filled under high pressure with cold water. The hot water transport from the chamber B is ended.
The chamber B is now filled with cold water.
Step XV: The end switch of the blocking elements 5, 7 and 7a opens the blocking element 8a.
Step XVI: Via the blocking elements 8a, the high pressure is formed in the chamber B. The end switch of -the block-ing element 8a starts an in-tegrator which, from the water quantities in both circui-ts, determines the required time of next switching. The contac-t manometcr 14 shows low pressure.
Step XVII: Via an integrator, -the blocking elements 6 and 8 are opened.
Step XVIII: The end switch of the blocking elements 6 and 8 closed the blocking elements 2, 4 and 4a. Thereby filling with hot water and emptying with cold water of the chamber B is provided. This process ends now for the chamber A.
Step XVIX: The closed end switch of the blocking elements 2, 4 and 4a opens the blocking element 3a.
Step XX: The chamber A is se-t under high pressure. The contact manometer 13 shows high pressure.
Step XXI: The con-tact manometer 13 opens the blocking elements 1 and 3.
Step XXII: The end switch of the blocking elements 1 and 3 closes the blocking elemen-ts 9, 11 and lla. Thereby the chamber A supplies hot wa-ter -to the ground and is filled under high pressure wi-th the cold water. The hot water trans-port from chamber C is ended. I-t is now filled with water.
z~
Step XXIII: The end switch of the blocking elements 9, 11 and lla opens the blocking element 12a.
Step XXIV: Via the blocking element 12a the high pressure is formed ln the chamber C. The end switch of -the block-ing element starts an inteyrator which, from the wa-ter quantities in both circuits, determines the required time for next swi-tching. The contact manometer 15 shows low pressure.
Claims (34)
1. A method of cooling, comprising the steps of providing a high-pressure liquid circuit and a low-pressure liquid circuit and circulating therein one cooling liquid, and another liquid heated by a consumer and to be cooled; and car-rying out direct and continuous exchange between the liquids of different pressures and temperatures with the aid of a three-chamber pipe feeder having chambers with blocking elements ar-ranged at their ends and operative in cooperation with manometers, for taking charge of pressure increase and pressure decrease of the liquids in the chambers.
2. The method in claim 1 for cooling atmosphere and/or machines in underground mining, wherein said providing steps include providing the high-pressure liquid circuit having an overground cooling machine and an underground high-pressure heat-exchanger.
3. The method in claim 2 for cooling atmosphere and/or machines in underground mining, wherein said providing step in-cludes providing the low-pressure liquid circuit which is con-nected with a consumer and cooled by the high-pressure heat ex-changer.
4. The method in claim 3; and further comprising the step of connecting condensers to said low-pressure liquid circuit for further cooling.
5. The method in claim 1, for cooling atmosphere and/or machines in underground mining, wherein the one liquid is cooled overground, and the other liquid is heated under-ground by the consumer, said carrying out step including sup-plying the one overground-cooled liquid into the high-pressure liquid circuit and causing in high-pressure region continuous transport by the thus-cooled one liquid of the other consumer-heated liquid with the aid of the three-chamber pipe feeder to-ward overground, and causing in low-pressure region transport by the other consumer-heated liquid of the one cooled liquid which is pressure-less under the action of the blocking elements, toward the consumer.
6. The method in claim 1; and further comprising the steps of maintaining identical cooling liquid quantities and speeds in the high-pressure liquid circuit and low-pressure liquid circuit, determining a required cooling liquid quantity by temperature measurements at a consumer in connection with an adjusting system, and compensating the cooling liquid quantity by a further adjusting system arranged in the high-pressure liquid circuit.
7. The method in claim 1; and further comprising the step of adjusting liquid quantities in the circuits by providing pumps in the circuits and adjusting the number of revolutions of the pumps.
8. The method in claim 1; and further comprising the steps of filling and emptying the chambers via a central control system in which signals of timing elements and/or integrators, release contact manometers and end switches of the blocking elements with a sequence control.
9. The method in claim 1, wherein said providing step includes providing the low-pressure liquid circuit in closed form for transporting the liquids.
10. The method in claim 1, wherein said providing step includes providing the low-pressure liquid circuit in interrupted form for transporting the liquids.
11. The method in claim 1, wherein said carrying out step includes filling and emptying the chambers in the same direction.
12. The method in claim 1, wherein said carrying out step includes filling and emptying the chambers in opposite directions.
13. The method in claim 1, wherein one liquid is cooled overground and the other liquid is heated underground by the consumer; and further comprising the step of transport-ing the other heated liquid by the high pressure liquid circuit to the ground from the low pressure circuit and utilizing the same overground.
14. The method of claim 13, wherein said utilizing step includes using the thus-transported other heated liquid for heating purposes.
15. The method in claim 13, wherein said utilizing step includes using the thus-transported other heated liquid in accordance with the principle of a heat pump.
16. The method in claim 1; and further comprising the step of compensating by pumps of power losses caused during liquid transport in the circuits.
17. The method in claim 1, wherein said providing step includes forming the low-pressure liquid circuit as an in-terrupted circuit in direct liquid exchange with the high-pres-sure liquid circuit and connected with a water drainage element in form of a water storage.
18. The method in claim 17, wherein said providing step includes providing the low pressure liquid circuit as an interrupted circuit having an additional pump.
19. The method in claim 1; and further comprising the step of additionally absorbing heat by applying the liquid of the low-pressure liquid circuit to bore holes.
20. The method in claim 1; and further comprising the step of additionally absorbing heat by supplying the liquid of the low-pressure liquid circuit to galleries.
21. The method in claim 1; and further comprising the step of compensating liquid losses in the low-pressure liquid circuit by supplying quantitively regulatable mine liquid into the low-pressure liquid circuit.
22. The method in claim 1, wherein said carrying out step includes using a further such three-chamber pipe feeder arranged in series with the first-mentioned three-chamber pipe feeder so that exchange between the high-pressure liquid circuit and the low-pressure liquid circuit is carried out via both three-chamber pipe feeders.
23. An arrangement for cooling, comprising means forming a high-pressure liquid circuit and a low pressure liquid circuit for circulating one cooling liquid, and another liquid heated by a consumer and to be cooled; a three-chamber pipe feeder arranged for carrying out direct and continuous exchange between the liquids of different pressures and temperatures; blocking elements arranged on the chambers of said three-chamber feeder and cooperating with manometers in the chambers so as to take charge of pressure increase and pressure decrease of the liquids in said chambers.
24. The arrangement in claim 23, particularly for cooling atmosphere and/or machines in underground mining, said high-pressure liquid circuit being formed by each of said chambers in communication with a cooling water conduit extending from overground and a heated water conduit extending toward overground, said low pressure liquid circuit being formed by each of said chambers in communication with a further cooling water conduit leading to the consumer and a further heated water conduit leading from the consumer.
25. The arrangement in claim 23, wherein said high-pressure and low-pressure liquid circuits are formed as closed circuits.
26. The arrangement in claim 23, wherein said high pressure and low pressure circuits are formed as interrupted circuits.
27. The arrangement in claim 23; and further comprising pressure equalizing elements for pressure increase and pressure decrease arranged on the chambers in connection with the manometers.
28. The arrangement in claim 27; and further compris-ing a central control system arranged for switching said blocking elements and pressure equalizing elements for filling and trans-porting the liquids.
29. The arrangement in claim 28, wherein said central control system is determined by integrators and includes said manometers in said chambers and an adjusting system arranged in liquid conduits of said circuits.
30. The arrangement in claim 29; and further compris-ing means for adjusting liquid quantity supplied to the consumer in the low pressure circuit and having a thermometer connected with the consumer, and said adjusting system including a quantity-measuring element and an adjusting element.
31. The arrangement in claim 30; and further comprising further means for adjusting liquid quantity required by the con-sumer in the low pressure liquid circuit and measured by said ad-justing system, said further adjusting means including a further adjusting system arranged in said high-pressure liquid circuit and including a further quantity-measuring element and a further adjusting element.
32. The arrangement in claim 23, wherein said low pressure liquid circuit is interrupted; and further comprising a collecting container and an additional pump connected with the consumer.
33. The arrangement in claim 32, wherein said collect-ing container is formed as a water storage of an underground water holder.
34. The arrangement in claim 23, wherein said chambers of said three-chamber pipe feeder are formed by long pipes having a great diameter and provided with insulation.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000402279A CA1181250A (en) | 1982-05-05 | 1982-05-05 | Method of and arrangement for cooling for example of atmosphere and machines in underground mining |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000402279A CA1181250A (en) | 1982-05-05 | 1982-05-05 | Method of and arrangement for cooling for example of atmosphere and machines in underground mining |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1181250A true CA1181250A (en) | 1985-01-22 |
Family
ID=4122706
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000402279A Expired CA1181250A (en) | 1982-05-05 | 1982-05-05 | Method of and arrangement for cooling for example of atmosphere and machines in underground mining |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1181250A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5078544A (en) * | 1989-08-10 | 1992-01-07 | Siemag Transplan Gmbh | Arrangement for the changeover of liquids when transported by means of a three chamber tube feeder |
-
1982
- 1982-05-05 CA CA000402279A patent/CA1181250A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5078544A (en) * | 1989-08-10 | 1992-01-07 | Siemag Transplan Gmbh | Arrangement for the changeover of liquids when transported by means of a three chamber tube feeder |
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