CA1176465A - Heat transformation process and apparatus for air conditioning in rooms for a great number of living creatures, particularly buildings for animal breeding - Google Patents
Heat transformation process and apparatus for air conditioning in rooms for a great number of living creatures, particularly buildings for animal breedingInfo
- Publication number
- CA1176465A CA1176465A CA000394771A CA394771A CA1176465A CA 1176465 A CA1176465 A CA 1176465A CA 000394771 A CA000394771 A CA 000394771A CA 394771 A CA394771 A CA 394771A CA 1176465 A CA1176465 A CA 1176465A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- heat
- temperature
- air
- fresh air
- heating
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
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- Housing For Livestock And Birds (AREA)
Abstract
Abstract:
The invention relates to a heat transformation system for structures intended to accommodate a large number of creatures, particularly buildings for animal breeding.
The structure is provided with an outlet for stale air and an inlet for fresh air. A heat extraction unit is provided for condensing the water vapour in the air inside the structure and for extracting the heat of condensation thereby produced. The unit also has means for converting this extracted heat energy to higher temperature, for example by means of a compressor type heat pump. The energy at elevated temperature is then used to heat or cool the air inside the structure. By raising the tem-perature of the extracted heat, its utilization is made much more efficient.
The invention relates to a heat transformation system for structures intended to accommodate a large number of creatures, particularly buildings for animal breeding.
The structure is provided with an outlet for stale air and an inlet for fresh air. A heat extraction unit is provided for condensing the water vapour in the air inside the structure and for extracting the heat of condensation thereby produced. The unit also has means for converting this extracted heat energy to higher temperature, for example by means of a compressor type heat pump. The energy at elevated temperature is then used to heat or cool the air inside the structure. By raising the tem-perature of the extracted heat, its utilization is made much more efficient.
Description
~-~76~;5 Heat transformation process and appratus for air conditioning in rooms for a great number of livinq c atures, particularly buildinqs for animal breedin~
This invention relates to a heat transormation system for structures intended to accommodate large numbers of living creatures, particularly buildings for animal breeding.
In such structures, stale air is removed and is replaced by fresh air. Further, the water vapour orig-inating in the animals' breath may be condensed, and the heat released by the condensation employed for heating or cooling the structure, according to the season.
Systems of this type are known, e.g. from Hungarian Patent No. 174,791. However, the heat obtained by con-densing the water vapour is at low temperature and has been used only for pre-heating cold fresh air drawn in from the outside, and the heat loss of the structure resulting from transmission cannot be recovered. Since the heat produced by the bodies of the living creatures does not ensure thermal equilibrium of the building, any heating shortEal] must be made up by conventional heating apparatus. Furthermore, in summer, cooling apparatus operated by thermal energy can utilize only a small amount of the heat obtained by conderlsation, and so the system is not very efficient and economic.
The present invention is based on the realization that, when the temperature oE the extracted heat is raised to a considerably higher level from the initial low temperature by m~ans of a cooling compressor~ the heat quantity obtained can be utilized far more effectively for heating the fresh air or room air in winter or for oper-ating a cooling device in summer.
According to one aspect of the invention there is provided a heat transformation process for structures intended to accommodate large numbers of living creatures, particularly buildings used for animal breeding, which comprises exhausting the stale air from the structure and replacing it with fresh air from the outside, wherein the water vapour in the air inside the structure is condensed at a temperature below its dew point, the heat of conden-sation is converted to a higher temperature than the ambient temperature within the structure, and at least part of this high temperature heat is used for heating or cooling the structure.
According to another aspect of the invention there is provided apparatus for transforming heat in structures intended to accommodate large numbers of living creatures, particularly buildings used for animal breeding, said apparatus comprising means for exhausting stale air from the structure, means for introducing fresh air into the structure, means for condensing the water vapour inside the structure at a temperature below the dew point, means Eor increasing the temperature oE the heat oE condensation 50 extracted, and means Eor employing the heat of increased temperature for heating or cooling the structure.
The process and apparatus of the invention are described in the Eollowing with reEerence to the accompany-ing drawing, which is a simplified diagram of a structure and the associated equipment o~ the invention.
A structure 1 is intended to accommodate a large , ,~
number of living creatures, preferably animals. A venti-lator 2 supplies fresh air to the structure 1 through an air duct 3~ The ventilator 2 is preferably of variable speed so that the supply of fresh air can be changed if the number of creatures in the stucture 1 changes.
The fresh air passes through Eresh air system 4, before being drawn through ventilator 2, duct 3 and into structure 1I where it is pre-heated in winter or cooled in summer.
A surface at a temperature below the dew point for the condensation of water vapour is provided by an evap-orator 6 in a heat absorption unit 5, which operates on a pressure type cooling cycle. Compressor 7 of the unit 5 increases the temperature of the heat obtained by condensation of the water vapour ~rom the structure and delivers it, via condenser 8, to a heat absorption medium, preferably water~ The heated water obtained in this way flows either to an air heater 10 suitable for the direct heating of the structure 1, or to the heating coil 11 of unit 4 for the pre-heating of fresh air. The direction of flow is controlled by a two way valve 9. In the heat absorption unit 5, the heat absorption medium of the com-pressor type cooling cycle is a refrigerant and the cycle is closed by a throttle 12.
In summer when the air is to be cooled, the heat absorbed by the unit 5 is transferred to a generator 14 of an absorption cooling apparatus 13 where it pre heats a concentrated solution via heat exchanger 15. If necessary, in addition to the heat exchanger 15, ~urther generation of absorbed refrigerant is provided for by a second heat exchanger 16 employing external energy. The vaporized re~rigerant thus produced is condensed in an evaporative condenser 17, preferably in the condenser oE
an evaporation system, and then passes through a throttle 1~3 into a water cooled evaporator 19. The absorber draws the evaporated ~ . . .
refrigerant and absorbs the dilute solution and returns the concentrated solu~ion produced in this way, by means oE solution pump 20, through concentrated solution/dilute solution heat exchanger to heat exchanger 15, in which the cycle starts again. Heat exchanger 23 in absorber 22 arranged between water cooled evaporator 19 and solution pump 20 serves to exhaust the solution heat.
Should the heating/cooling demand be low, e.g. in the spring or fall, cornpressor-type cooling unit 5 extracts only the amount of heat required for exhausting the water vapour. If this heat is not to be utilized either for heating or cooling, the cooling water from condenser 8 is fed to the evaporative condenser 17, which operates in this case as a water recooler.
In a preferred embodiment, evaporator 6 and air heater 10 are arranged in air circulation unit 25 provided with a common ventilator 24.
The stale air is exhausted from structure 1 through outlet 26. An efficiency improvement unit 27 is arranged ahead of outlet 26. In practice, this is a heat exchanger connected to heat exchanger 28 of the fresh air inlet system 4. The amount of heat absorbed by the efficiency improvement unit 27 improves, by heat exchanger 28, the pre-heating efficiency of the inlet air.
s~
This invention relates to a heat transormation system for structures intended to accommodate large numbers of living creatures, particularly buildings for animal breeding.
In such structures, stale air is removed and is replaced by fresh air. Further, the water vapour orig-inating in the animals' breath may be condensed, and the heat released by the condensation employed for heating or cooling the structure, according to the season.
Systems of this type are known, e.g. from Hungarian Patent No. 174,791. However, the heat obtained by con-densing the water vapour is at low temperature and has been used only for pre-heating cold fresh air drawn in from the outside, and the heat loss of the structure resulting from transmission cannot be recovered. Since the heat produced by the bodies of the living creatures does not ensure thermal equilibrium of the building, any heating shortEal] must be made up by conventional heating apparatus. Furthermore, in summer, cooling apparatus operated by thermal energy can utilize only a small amount of the heat obtained by conderlsation, and so the system is not very efficient and economic.
The present invention is based on the realization that, when the temperature oE the extracted heat is raised to a considerably higher level from the initial low temperature by m~ans of a cooling compressor~ the heat quantity obtained can be utilized far more effectively for heating the fresh air or room air in winter or for oper-ating a cooling device in summer.
According to one aspect of the invention there is provided a heat transformation process for structures intended to accommodate large numbers of living creatures, particularly buildings used for animal breeding, which comprises exhausting the stale air from the structure and replacing it with fresh air from the outside, wherein the water vapour in the air inside the structure is condensed at a temperature below its dew point, the heat of conden-sation is converted to a higher temperature than the ambient temperature within the structure, and at least part of this high temperature heat is used for heating or cooling the structure.
According to another aspect of the invention there is provided apparatus for transforming heat in structures intended to accommodate large numbers of living creatures, particularly buildings used for animal breeding, said apparatus comprising means for exhausting stale air from the structure, means for introducing fresh air into the structure, means for condensing the water vapour inside the structure at a temperature below the dew point, means Eor increasing the temperature oE the heat oE condensation 50 extracted, and means Eor employing the heat of increased temperature for heating or cooling the structure.
The process and apparatus of the invention are described in the Eollowing with reEerence to the accompany-ing drawing, which is a simplified diagram of a structure and the associated equipment o~ the invention.
A structure 1 is intended to accommodate a large , ,~
number of living creatures, preferably animals. A venti-lator 2 supplies fresh air to the structure 1 through an air duct 3~ The ventilator 2 is preferably of variable speed so that the supply of fresh air can be changed if the number of creatures in the stucture 1 changes.
The fresh air passes through Eresh air system 4, before being drawn through ventilator 2, duct 3 and into structure 1I where it is pre-heated in winter or cooled in summer.
A surface at a temperature below the dew point for the condensation of water vapour is provided by an evap-orator 6 in a heat absorption unit 5, which operates on a pressure type cooling cycle. Compressor 7 of the unit 5 increases the temperature of the heat obtained by condensation of the water vapour ~rom the structure and delivers it, via condenser 8, to a heat absorption medium, preferably water~ The heated water obtained in this way flows either to an air heater 10 suitable for the direct heating of the structure 1, or to the heating coil 11 of unit 4 for the pre-heating of fresh air. The direction of flow is controlled by a two way valve 9. In the heat absorption unit 5, the heat absorption medium of the com-pressor type cooling cycle is a refrigerant and the cycle is closed by a throttle 12.
In summer when the air is to be cooled, the heat absorbed by the unit 5 is transferred to a generator 14 of an absorption cooling apparatus 13 where it pre heats a concentrated solution via heat exchanger 15. If necessary, in addition to the heat exchanger 15, ~urther generation of absorbed refrigerant is provided for by a second heat exchanger 16 employing external energy. The vaporized re~rigerant thus produced is condensed in an evaporative condenser 17, preferably in the condenser oE
an evaporation system, and then passes through a throttle 1~3 into a water cooled evaporator 19. The absorber draws the evaporated ~ . . .
refrigerant and absorbs the dilute solution and returns the concentrated solu~ion produced in this way, by means oE solution pump 20, through concentrated solution/dilute solution heat exchanger to heat exchanger 15, in which the cycle starts again. Heat exchanger 23 in absorber 22 arranged between water cooled evaporator 19 and solution pump 20 serves to exhaust the solution heat.
Should the heating/cooling demand be low, e.g. in the spring or fall, cornpressor-type cooling unit 5 extracts only the amount of heat required for exhausting the water vapour. If this heat is not to be utilized either for heating or cooling, the cooling water from condenser 8 is fed to the evaporative condenser 17, which operates in this case as a water recooler.
In a preferred embodiment, evaporator 6 and air heater 10 are arranged in air circulation unit 25 provided with a common ventilator 24.
The stale air is exhausted from structure 1 through outlet 26. An efficiency improvement unit 27 is arranged ahead of outlet 26. In practice, this is a heat exchanger connected to heat exchanger 28 of the fresh air inlet system 4. The amount of heat absorbed by the efficiency improvement unit 27 improves, by heat exchanger 28, the pre-heating efficiency of the inlet air.
s~
Claims (13)
1. A heat transformation process for structures intended to accommodate large numbers of living creatures, partic-ularly buildings used for animal breeding, which comprises exhausting the stale air from the structure and replacing it with fresh air from the outside, wherein the water vapour in the air inside the structure is condensed at a temperature below its dew point, the heat of conden-sation is converted to a higher temperature than the ambient temperature within the structure, and at least part of this high temperature heat is used for heating or cooling the structure.
2. A process according to Claim 1 wherein the heat of increased temperature is recirculated to the structure for heating.
3. A process according to Claim 1 wherein the heat of increased temperature is used to pre-heat the fresh air introduced into the structure.
4. A process according to Claim 1 wherein part of the heat of increased temperature is recirculated to the structure for heating and part is used to pre-heat the fresh air being introduced into the structure.
5. A process according to Claim 1 wherein the heat of increased temprature is introduced into an evaporator of an absorption cooling apparatus employing a concentrated solution and a dilute solution, whereby the concentrated solution is heated.
6. A process according to Claim 5 wherein the concentrated solution is also heated by external heat.
7. Apparatus for transforming heat in structures intended to accommodate large numbers of living creatures, partic-ularly buildings used for animal breeding, said apparatus comprising means for exhausting stale air from the struc-ture, means for introducing fresh air into the structure, means for condensing the water vapour inside the structure at a temperature below the dew point, means for increasing the temperature of the heat of condensation so extracted, and means for employing the heat of increased temperature for heating or cooling the structure.
8. Apparatus according to Claim 7 wherein the means for condensing the water vapour and for increasing the temperature of the heat so extracted comprises a heat pump having a compressor type cooling cycle.
9. Apparatus according to Claim 7 or Claim 8 comprising first heat exchange means for the air within the struc-ture and second heat exchange means for the fresh air to be introduced into the structure, a liquid for absorbing the heat of increased temperature and valve means for selectively feeding the liquid either to the first or to the second heat exchange means.
10. Apparatus according to Claim 8 having a liquid for absorbing the heat of increased temperature, heat exchange means within the structure for heating same, means for feeding the liquid to the heat exchanger, and vent means for supplying air from the structure to the heat exchanger, wherein an evaporator for the heat pump is arranged in a unit containing the heat exchanger and the vent means.
11. Apparatus according to Claim 7 further including an absorption cooling apparatus and means for supplying the heat of increased temperature to an evaporator of the absorption cooling apparatus.
12. Apparatus according to Claim 11 wherein the evaporator contains a heat exchanger for introducing external heat.
13. Apparatus according to Claim 11 or Claim 12 wherein the heat absorption apparatus has a heat exchanger for absorbing heat and said heat exchanger is connected to further heat exchange means located in said means for introducing fresh air into the structure.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000394771A CA1176465A (en) | 1982-01-22 | 1982-01-22 | Heat transformation process and apparatus for air conditioning in rooms for a great number of living creatures, particularly buildings for animal breeding |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000394771A CA1176465A (en) | 1982-01-22 | 1982-01-22 | Heat transformation process and apparatus for air conditioning in rooms for a great number of living creatures, particularly buildings for animal breeding |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1176465A true CA1176465A (en) | 1984-10-23 |
Family
ID=4121892
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000394771A Expired CA1176465A (en) | 1982-01-22 | 1982-01-22 | Heat transformation process and apparatus for air conditioning in rooms for a great number of living creatures, particularly buildings for animal breeding |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1176465A (en) |
-
1982
- 1982-01-22 CA CA000394771A patent/CA1176465A/en not_active Expired
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