CA1173272A - Apparatus for separately catching successive streams of urine at taking samples to laboratorial and bacteriological examination - Google Patents
Apparatus for separately catching successive streams of urine at taking samples to laboratorial and bacteriological examinationInfo
- Publication number
- CA1173272A CA1173272A CA000387413A CA387413A CA1173272A CA 1173272 A CA1173272 A CA 1173272A CA 000387413 A CA000387413 A CA 000387413A CA 387413 A CA387413 A CA 387413A CA 1173272 A CA1173272 A CA 1173272A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- urine
- reservoir
- tube
- patient
- collection vessel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
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- Investigating Or Analysing Biological Materials (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
Apparatus for urine sampling which automatically separates at least the end stream into a separate sample.
Preferably the first stream is also separated as a separate sample. The apparatus may be used by a seated patient. The apparatus comprises a sampling tube to accept urine flow under gravity from the patient, the tube having a reservoir at a downstream end thereof, and a collection vessel connected to the tube to accept overflow from the reservoir whereby a main urine sample is collected in the collection vessel from the reservoir and a final urine sample is retained in the reservoir. The apparatus is intended to be used as the vessels in which the urine is transported to the laboratory.
Apparatus for urine sampling which automatically separates at least the end stream into a separate sample.
Preferably the first stream is also separated as a separate sample. The apparatus may be used by a seated patient. The apparatus comprises a sampling tube to accept urine flow under gravity from the patient, the tube having a reservoir at a downstream end thereof, and a collection vessel connected to the tube to accept overflow from the reservoir whereby a main urine sample is collected in the collection vessel from the reservoir and a final urine sample is retained in the reservoir. The apparatus is intended to be used as the vessels in which the urine is transported to the laboratory.
Description
3Z'~;~
The present invention relates to an apparatus for urine sampling for laboratorial and bacteriological examination.
It is especially useful for tiny babies, small children, adults, and other persons who cannot cooperate with the examiner for whatever reason. The apparatus of the invention is advantageous-ly used with the seated patient.
Bacterilogoical examination of urine is to obtain particulars on the number and species of bacteria in urine from the bladder and urine from the upper parts of the urinary tract. Further diagnostic procedures and therapy, probably involving hospitalization, are dependent on the results. When an incorrect result is obtained, a patient may be unnecessarily submitted to expensive diagnostic and therapeutic treatment.
Such incorrect results leading to further treatment may have several causes. Among these are:-the urethra is populated by bacteria which, when urinating, mix ~ith the collected urine, so that the results may indicate a non-existent infection;
fecal contamination and a contamination from the perigenital region may again indicate a non-existent infection;
the sample can be contaminated on trans~er between the container into which the urine is received and another container in which it is transported to the laboratory.
An object of the invention is to deliver to the laboratory a sample of urine which will reflect the real status of the urine in the patient's bladder.
In an article by D. Rrcma in the Czech magazine "Cs. PediatO", 1977 xxxii year, page 226, vol. 4, there i9 32'7~
disclosed a midstream urine collector for newborns and nurslings. That apparatus comprises a ~unnel adapter adhered around the genitalia of a prone patient, a first long flexible pipe extending from the funnel beyond the edge of the bed and having a free end pro~ecting through a stopper o~ a first freely suspended test-tube. Immediately above the first test tube, a branch pipe is directed slopingly upwards, and has a section of downwardly directed pipe which has a free end projecting through -the stopper of a second freely suspended test-tube. A small vent is provided in each stopper.
When using the above-described known apparatus, two test-tubes of a sufficient size to accommodate all the expected urine must be chosen. Some oil should be added to each test-tube to float on top of the urine. After adequate volume of urine has filled the test-tubes the oil tends to plug the vents. The use, first the funnel, then the section of the first flexible pipe resting on the bed, and then the first test-tube are filled. ~he urine which is left over is diverted by the branch pipe and streams into the second test-tube.
According to the disclosure, the urine collected in the second test-tube is separated from the possibly contaminated urine collected in the first test-tube. However, contamination .is possible because:-the patient is prone and due to the initial lack of gravity flow the funnel fills with a urine which comes into contact with the skin;
the proportionally long section of the first flexible pipe may become contaminated with the initially polluted urine and thereafter transfers contaminants as such ~ 2 -~73Zt~
injuriously to the later stream;
the preparation of this apparatus for the application is a time-consuming task due to the insertion of the necessary oil;
and the whole handling of the apparatus, particularly the insertion of oil as well as the oil itself involves risk of contamination.
Moreover, although it may be anticipated that the last section of the urine stream, i.e. approximately the last 2 ccm urine, comprising liquid from the wrinkles of the bladder waLl, is more densely populated by the bacteria than the mid-stream urine. This last stream cannot be separated by the above described apparatus.
Accordingly the invention provides apparatus for urine sampling comprising a sampling tube to accept urine flow under gravity from the patient, the tube having a reservoir at a downstream end thereof, and a collection vessel connected to the tube to accept overflow from khe reservoir whereby a main urine sample is collected in the collection vessel from the reservoir and a final urine sample is retained in the reservoir.
The lnvention also provides apparatus ~or urine sampling comprising a preliminary sampling tube to accept a predetermined volume of urine flowing under gravity, diverting means to divert urine flow when the preliminary sampling tube contains the predetermined volume, a sampling tube to accept the diverted urine flow under gravity having a reservoir at a downstream ~nd thereof, ;, 32'~
and an apparatus for urine sampling comprising:-a sampling tube to accept urine flow under gravityfrom the patient, the tube having a reservoir at a downstream end thereof, and a collection vessel connected to the tube to accept overflow from the reservoir whereby a main urine sample is collected in the collection vessel from the reservoir and a final urine sample is retained in the reservoir.
A special chair may be provided in which the patient is comfortably seated.
An embodiment of the invention will now be described by way of example with reference to the drawing in which:
The Figure shows a schematic view of the exemplary embodiment. In the drawing a funnel 1 is shaped to fit over the urethra open}ng of a patient conforming closely with the body contours. A sealing strip 2 is provided to adhere to the skin of the patient. The shape may suitably be made for a sitting patient. An outlet la is located at the lowest position of the funnel 1. One arm 3a of a T-shaped connector tube 3 connects, in liquid-tight manner, with the fun-nel outlet la. The leg 3c of the T-connector is inclined at an acute angle to arm 3a and consequently at an obtuse angle to second arm 3b. Thus leg 3c and arm 3a are directed upwardly in use and arm 3b is directed downwardly. The diameter of leg 3c is preferably ~maller than the diameters of arms 3a and 3b. The diameters of arms 3a and 3b may be equal to each other.
One end of a flexible pipe ~ connects, in liquid tight manner, with arm 3b. The other end of 4a of pipe 4 is a .
3Z"~Z
free end. Pipe 4 is of sufficient length and flexibility so that it may be bent to locate free end 4a at or preferably above the level of funnel 1 in use. The free end 4a of the pipe 4 may be provided with a porous plug 5, for example, o~ wadding.
One end of another flexible pipe 6 connects, in liquid tight manner, with the leg 3c of connector 3. Pipe 6 is of sufficient length and fleY.ibility to permit it to curve without kinking from upwardly directed leg 3c into a down-wardly directed portion. The downwardly directed portion may be freely suspended. A lower section of said pipe 6 includes a free end which is bent-over in a U to form a reservoir 6a.
The lower section of pipe 6 is located in a collector vessel 7 which is provided with a vent 8. Pipe 8 may be provided with a porous plug 9 which may be formed of wadding. The vessel 7 may be formed of two hemispherical shells of transparent plastic material connected together in any convenient manner. For example, each shell may have a screw threaded circumference engaging corresponding threads of a junction ring 7a. Pipe 6 and vent 8 may conveniently enter the vessel 7 through apertures in ring 7a. The shape and design of collector vessel 7 is a matter of choice and convenience. It is however, preferred that plastics materials be used in its construction.
The whole apparatus may be s-tored before use, a~ a sterile pack appropriate hermetically closed package which is not presented in the drawing.
When it is desired to use the apparatus the patient may be seated in a chair. The chair itself may . .
~73~7Z
conveniently be`designed to give support and/or restraint as required. For e~ample, when the patient is a baby, he may be supported in a chair and restrained by restraining means about his thighs. The genital area is washed and the apparatus is taken from the package, security foil removed from the self-sealing strip 2 and the apparatus arranged by adjusting the funnel 1 around the genitalia. The pipe 6 is arranged so that its reservoir 6a in collector vessel 7 is below the chair, for example, freely suspended. Pipe 4a is located with its free end 4a at or above the level of the funnel.
The apparatus is now ready for urination. When urination occurs, the stream at first flows directly downwardly into the flexible pipe 4 of the adapter 1. After the level of the urine in the free end 4a has reached just above the level of the T-connector 3, the stream of urine is diverted through the leg 3c to the pipe 6 where it passes through the reservoir 6a and collects in the vessel 7. Air is vented through the vent 8. Vessel 7 should never be filled up, since it is possible to lower end 4a of the pipe 4 to -thereby catch excess urine if necessary. Thus -the pipe 4 serves also as a control means.
From the above description it can be seen that the first stream of the urine is caught into the pipe 4, the midstream is collected in the vessel 7, and the last stream is retained in the lower U-bend reservoir of the pipe 6. All of the urine left the funnel 1 by adjustment o~ pipe 4 if necessary. Consequently, the patient remained dry.
If it proves necessary to separate the whole of urine only into two streams, one being a combination o~ the first and middle streams and the other being the final stream ~ -6 ~32'~
then the pipe 6 may be connected to arm 3b of the connector 3 and pipe 4 may be omitted, and the leg 3c being stopped.
It will be obvious that other modifications can be made to the apparatus illustrated and described without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention but it is preferred that in most cases part or parts of the :
apparatus wherein urine has been caught can thereafter be used directly for transport of the urine samples to the laboratory.
The present invention relates to an apparatus for urine sampling for laboratorial and bacteriological examination.
It is especially useful for tiny babies, small children, adults, and other persons who cannot cooperate with the examiner for whatever reason. The apparatus of the invention is advantageous-ly used with the seated patient.
Bacterilogoical examination of urine is to obtain particulars on the number and species of bacteria in urine from the bladder and urine from the upper parts of the urinary tract. Further diagnostic procedures and therapy, probably involving hospitalization, are dependent on the results. When an incorrect result is obtained, a patient may be unnecessarily submitted to expensive diagnostic and therapeutic treatment.
Such incorrect results leading to further treatment may have several causes. Among these are:-the urethra is populated by bacteria which, when urinating, mix ~ith the collected urine, so that the results may indicate a non-existent infection;
fecal contamination and a contamination from the perigenital region may again indicate a non-existent infection;
the sample can be contaminated on trans~er between the container into which the urine is received and another container in which it is transported to the laboratory.
An object of the invention is to deliver to the laboratory a sample of urine which will reflect the real status of the urine in the patient's bladder.
In an article by D. Rrcma in the Czech magazine "Cs. PediatO", 1977 xxxii year, page 226, vol. 4, there i9 32'7~
disclosed a midstream urine collector for newborns and nurslings. That apparatus comprises a ~unnel adapter adhered around the genitalia of a prone patient, a first long flexible pipe extending from the funnel beyond the edge of the bed and having a free end pro~ecting through a stopper o~ a first freely suspended test-tube. Immediately above the first test tube, a branch pipe is directed slopingly upwards, and has a section of downwardly directed pipe which has a free end projecting through -the stopper of a second freely suspended test-tube. A small vent is provided in each stopper.
When using the above-described known apparatus, two test-tubes of a sufficient size to accommodate all the expected urine must be chosen. Some oil should be added to each test-tube to float on top of the urine. After adequate volume of urine has filled the test-tubes the oil tends to plug the vents. The use, first the funnel, then the section of the first flexible pipe resting on the bed, and then the first test-tube are filled. ~he urine which is left over is diverted by the branch pipe and streams into the second test-tube.
According to the disclosure, the urine collected in the second test-tube is separated from the possibly contaminated urine collected in the first test-tube. However, contamination .is possible because:-the patient is prone and due to the initial lack of gravity flow the funnel fills with a urine which comes into contact with the skin;
the proportionally long section of the first flexible pipe may become contaminated with the initially polluted urine and thereafter transfers contaminants as such ~ 2 -~73Zt~
injuriously to the later stream;
the preparation of this apparatus for the application is a time-consuming task due to the insertion of the necessary oil;
and the whole handling of the apparatus, particularly the insertion of oil as well as the oil itself involves risk of contamination.
Moreover, although it may be anticipated that the last section of the urine stream, i.e. approximately the last 2 ccm urine, comprising liquid from the wrinkles of the bladder waLl, is more densely populated by the bacteria than the mid-stream urine. This last stream cannot be separated by the above described apparatus.
Accordingly the invention provides apparatus for urine sampling comprising a sampling tube to accept urine flow under gravity from the patient, the tube having a reservoir at a downstream end thereof, and a collection vessel connected to the tube to accept overflow from khe reservoir whereby a main urine sample is collected in the collection vessel from the reservoir and a final urine sample is retained in the reservoir.
The lnvention also provides apparatus ~or urine sampling comprising a preliminary sampling tube to accept a predetermined volume of urine flowing under gravity, diverting means to divert urine flow when the preliminary sampling tube contains the predetermined volume, a sampling tube to accept the diverted urine flow under gravity having a reservoir at a downstream ~nd thereof, ;, 32'~
and an apparatus for urine sampling comprising:-a sampling tube to accept urine flow under gravityfrom the patient, the tube having a reservoir at a downstream end thereof, and a collection vessel connected to the tube to accept overflow from the reservoir whereby a main urine sample is collected in the collection vessel from the reservoir and a final urine sample is retained in the reservoir.
A special chair may be provided in which the patient is comfortably seated.
An embodiment of the invention will now be described by way of example with reference to the drawing in which:
The Figure shows a schematic view of the exemplary embodiment. In the drawing a funnel 1 is shaped to fit over the urethra open}ng of a patient conforming closely with the body contours. A sealing strip 2 is provided to adhere to the skin of the patient. The shape may suitably be made for a sitting patient. An outlet la is located at the lowest position of the funnel 1. One arm 3a of a T-shaped connector tube 3 connects, in liquid-tight manner, with the fun-nel outlet la. The leg 3c of the T-connector is inclined at an acute angle to arm 3a and consequently at an obtuse angle to second arm 3b. Thus leg 3c and arm 3a are directed upwardly in use and arm 3b is directed downwardly. The diameter of leg 3c is preferably ~maller than the diameters of arms 3a and 3b. The diameters of arms 3a and 3b may be equal to each other.
One end of a flexible pipe ~ connects, in liquid tight manner, with arm 3b. The other end of 4a of pipe 4 is a .
3Z"~Z
free end. Pipe 4 is of sufficient length and flexibility so that it may be bent to locate free end 4a at or preferably above the level of funnel 1 in use. The free end 4a of the pipe 4 may be provided with a porous plug 5, for example, o~ wadding.
One end of another flexible pipe 6 connects, in liquid tight manner, with the leg 3c of connector 3. Pipe 6 is of sufficient length and fleY.ibility to permit it to curve without kinking from upwardly directed leg 3c into a down-wardly directed portion. The downwardly directed portion may be freely suspended. A lower section of said pipe 6 includes a free end which is bent-over in a U to form a reservoir 6a.
The lower section of pipe 6 is located in a collector vessel 7 which is provided with a vent 8. Pipe 8 may be provided with a porous plug 9 which may be formed of wadding. The vessel 7 may be formed of two hemispherical shells of transparent plastic material connected together in any convenient manner. For example, each shell may have a screw threaded circumference engaging corresponding threads of a junction ring 7a. Pipe 6 and vent 8 may conveniently enter the vessel 7 through apertures in ring 7a. The shape and design of collector vessel 7 is a matter of choice and convenience. It is however, preferred that plastics materials be used in its construction.
The whole apparatus may be s-tored before use, a~ a sterile pack appropriate hermetically closed package which is not presented in the drawing.
When it is desired to use the apparatus the patient may be seated in a chair. The chair itself may . .
~73~7Z
conveniently be`designed to give support and/or restraint as required. For e~ample, when the patient is a baby, he may be supported in a chair and restrained by restraining means about his thighs. The genital area is washed and the apparatus is taken from the package, security foil removed from the self-sealing strip 2 and the apparatus arranged by adjusting the funnel 1 around the genitalia. The pipe 6 is arranged so that its reservoir 6a in collector vessel 7 is below the chair, for example, freely suspended. Pipe 4a is located with its free end 4a at or above the level of the funnel.
The apparatus is now ready for urination. When urination occurs, the stream at first flows directly downwardly into the flexible pipe 4 of the adapter 1. After the level of the urine in the free end 4a has reached just above the level of the T-connector 3, the stream of urine is diverted through the leg 3c to the pipe 6 where it passes through the reservoir 6a and collects in the vessel 7. Air is vented through the vent 8. Vessel 7 should never be filled up, since it is possible to lower end 4a of the pipe 4 to -thereby catch excess urine if necessary. Thus -the pipe 4 serves also as a control means.
From the above description it can be seen that the first stream of the urine is caught into the pipe 4, the midstream is collected in the vessel 7, and the last stream is retained in the lower U-bend reservoir of the pipe 6. All of the urine left the funnel 1 by adjustment o~ pipe 4 if necessary. Consequently, the patient remained dry.
If it proves necessary to separate the whole of urine only into two streams, one being a combination o~ the first and middle streams and the other being the final stream ~ -6 ~32'~
then the pipe 6 may be connected to arm 3b of the connector 3 and pipe 4 may be omitted, and the leg 3c being stopped.
It will be obvious that other modifications can be made to the apparatus illustrated and described without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention but it is preferred that in most cases part or parts of the :
apparatus wherein urine has been caught can thereafter be used directly for transport of the urine samples to the laboratory.
Claims (14)
1. Apparatus for urine sampling comprising:-a sampling tube to accept urine flow under gravity from the patient,the tube having a reservoir at a downstream end thereof, and a collection vessel connected to the tube to accept overflow from the reservoir whereby a main urine sample is collected in the collection vessel from the reservoir and a final urine sample is retained in the reservoir.
2. Apparatus for urine sampling as claimed in claim 1, in which the reservoir is a U-bend in the tube, the U having a downstream leg opening into the collection vessel.
3. Apparatus as claimed in claim 2 in which the U-bend is within the collection vessel.
4. Apparatus as claimed in claim 1 including a funnel to accept urine from the patient and direct it to the sampling tube.
5. Apparatus as claimed in claim 4 in which the funnel has an edge adapted to fit against the body of the patient and means to adhere the funnel edge to the body of the patient.
6. Apparatus for urine sampling comprising:
a preliminary sampling tube to accept a predetermined volume of urine flowing under gravity, diverting means to divert urine flow when the preliminary sampling tube contains the predetermined volume, a sampling tube to accept the diverted urine flow under gravity having a reservoir at a downstream end thereof, and a collection vessel connected to the tube to accept overflow from the reservoir whereby a main urine sample is collected in the collection vessel from the reservoir and a final urine sample is retained in the reservoir.
a preliminary sampling tube to accept a predetermined volume of urine flowing under gravity, diverting means to divert urine flow when the preliminary sampling tube contains the predetermined volume, a sampling tube to accept the diverted urine flow under gravity having a reservoir at a downstream end thereof, and a collection vessel connected to the tube to accept overflow from the reservoir whereby a main urine sample is collected in the collection vessel from the reservoir and a final urine sample is retained in the reservoir.
7. Apparatus as claimed in claim 6 in which the reservoir is a U-bend in the tube, the U having a downstream leg opening into the collection vessel.
8. Apparatus as claimed in claim 7 in which the U
bend is within the collection vessel.
bend is within the collection vessel.
9. Apparatus as claimed in claim 6 including a funnel to accept urine from the patient and direct it to the sampling tube.
10. Apparatus as claimed in claim 9 in which the funnel has an edge adapted to fit against the body of the patient and means to adhere the funnel edge to the body of the patient.
11. Apparatus as claimed in claim 6 in which the preliminary sampling tube is flexible.
12. Apparatus as claimed in claim 6 in which the sampling tube for the diverted urine is flexible.
13. Apparatus as claimed in claim 6 in which the diverting means comprises branch tube connected to an upstream portion of the preliminary sampling tube and directed backwardly therefrom and connected to the sampling tube for the diverted urine flow.
14. Apparatus as claimed in claim 6 in which the preliminary sampling tube is flexible to be bent into a U
such that a free end is at least level with the diverting means whereby adjustment of the configuration of the U adjusts the predetermined volume of the urine.
such that a free end is at least level with the diverting means whereby adjustment of the configuration of the U adjusts the predetermined volume of the urine.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000387413A CA1173272A (en) | 1981-10-06 | 1981-10-06 | Apparatus for separately catching successive streams of urine at taking samples to laboratorial and bacteriological examination |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000387413A CA1173272A (en) | 1981-10-06 | 1981-10-06 | Apparatus for separately catching successive streams of urine at taking samples to laboratorial and bacteriological examination |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1173272A true CA1173272A (en) | 1984-08-28 |
Family
ID=4121106
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000387413A Expired CA1173272A (en) | 1981-10-06 | 1981-10-06 | Apparatus for separately catching successive streams of urine at taking samples to laboratorial and bacteriological examination |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1173272A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112180075A (en) * | 2020-09-24 | 2021-01-05 | 南昌大学第二附属医院 | Automatic medical urine sample collecting equipment |
-
1981
- 1981-10-06 CA CA000387413A patent/CA1173272A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112180075A (en) * | 2020-09-24 | 2021-01-05 | 南昌大学第二附属医院 | Automatic medical urine sample collecting equipment |
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Legal Events
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|---|---|---|---|
| MKEC | Expiry (correction) | ||
| MKEX | Expiry |