CA1139190A - Drawing and beaming a weftless warp of yarns - Google Patents
Drawing and beaming a weftless warp of yarnsInfo
- Publication number
- CA1139190A CA1139190A CA000363565A CA363565A CA1139190A CA 1139190 A CA1139190 A CA 1139190A CA 000363565 A CA000363565 A CA 000363565A CA 363565 A CA363565 A CA 363565A CA 1139190 A CA1139190 A CA 1139190A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- yarn
- yarns
- tension
- warp
- warp sheet
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- -1 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002292 Nylon 6 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002302 Nylon 6,6 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005294 ferromagnetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009940 knitting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005291 magnetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004584 polyacrylic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02H—WARPING, BEAMING OR LEASING
- D02H13/00—Details of machines of the preceding groups
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02H—WARPING, BEAMING OR LEASING
- D02H5/00—Beaming machines
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02H—WARPING, BEAMING OR LEASING
- D02H13/00—Details of machines of the preceding groups
- D02H13/22—Tensioning devices
- D02H13/26—Tensioning devices for threads in warp form
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Warping, Beaming, Or Leasing (AREA)
- Tension Adjustment In Filamentary Materials (AREA)
- Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
- Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
Abstract
C-14-54-0467 DRAWING AND BEAMING A WEFTLESS WARP OF YARNS ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE A weftless warp of yarns being drawn and wound on a beam is fed through a tension detector, located prior to the drawing step and responsive to tension in any of the yarns equalling a predetermined non-zero level, for stopping the process, This prevents damage to or breakage of a yarn which might have become snagged in the warp source,
Description
DRAWING AND BEAMING A WEFTLESS WARP OF YARNS
SPECIFICATION
The invention relates to a process for handling a weftless warp of undrawn or spun yarns between a warp source and a beam. More particularly, it relates to such a process wherein damage is prevented in the event that one of the undrawn yarns becomes snagged in the warp source.
It is conventional in the textile industry to form a we~tless warp sheet of previously drawn ~arns and to wind the warp sheet on~o a large spool called a beam. The warp sheets commonly comprise hundreds of thousands o~ individual yarns, and are unwound from the beams to feed looms, warp knitting machines, and the like.
The source o~ warp yarns which are to be beamed is typically a creel supporting an individual yarn package of previously drawn yarn for each yarn in the warp sheet. The individual yarns are withdrawn from the packages and fed through an arrangemen~ of guides to form the warp sheet.
All such known prior beaming operations have used previously drawn yarns, i.e., yarns which were individually packaged prior to being creeled for beaming~ It was not previously practical to eliminate the separate manufacturing step of individually drawing the several yarns prior to creeling. According to the presen~ invention, this separate :
~3~
SPECIFICATION
The invention relates to a process for handling a weftless warp of undrawn or spun yarns between a warp source and a beam. More particularly, it relates to such a process wherein damage is prevented in the event that one of the undrawn yarns becomes snagged in the warp source.
It is conventional in the textile industry to form a we~tless warp sheet of previously drawn ~arns and to wind the warp sheet on~o a large spool called a beam. The warp sheets commonly comprise hundreds of thousands o~ individual yarns, and are unwound from the beams to feed looms, warp knitting machines, and the like.
The source o~ warp yarns which are to be beamed is typically a creel supporting an individual yarn package of previously drawn yarn for each yarn in the warp sheet. The individual yarns are withdrawn from the packages and fed through an arrangemen~ of guides to form the warp sheet.
All such known prior beaming operations have used previously drawn yarns, i.e., yarns which were individually packaged prior to being creeled for beaming~ It was not previously practical to eliminate the separate manufacturing step of individually drawing the several yarns prior to creeling. According to the presen~ invention, this separate :
~3~
-2-manufacturing step of drawing is eliminated, the drawing being done on the warp sheet itself after creeling. This is made practical for the first time by adding, be~ween the warp source ~such as a creel) and the drawing step, a tension detector o~ the type more fully set forth below. In addition to reduced manufac~uring costs, the resulting beam is generally found to be exceptionally uniform from yarn to yarn, since all the spun yarns (yarns not yet fully drawn) are subjected to vlrtually identical conditions during the drawing operation. The term "spun yarns" as used herein refers to those yarns having elongations-to-break above 65%. Spun yarns are considerably more subJect to damage due to tension change than are drawn yarns, and increasingly so as the yarn elongation-to-break increases. A relatively low tension level, which would not noticeably affect a drawn (low-elongation) yarn, can cause partial drawing of a sptm yarn, resulting ln breakage of the yarn during the subsequent draw-ing operation.
According to the prior practice of beaming previously drawn yarns, the individual yarns would have been separately drawn on diferent machine positions, with the almost inevitable differences from position to position resulting in differences among the individual yarns. The present invention thus leads to higher quality beams produced at lower cost.
According to a first aspect of the invention, there is provided a beaming process, comprising eeding a weftless warp sheet of spun yarns from a source through ~ tension detector and winding the warp sheet onto a beam, the tension detector com~rising a yarn accumulator for continuously storing a quantity of each yarn constituting the warp sheet and means, responsive to occurrence of tension in any given one of the yarns equal to a predetermined level, for releasing the stored quantity of the given one yarn whereby the tension in the given one yarn does not exceed the predetermined level.
According to another aspect of the invention, the warp sheet is drawn after leaving the tension detector and before it is wound on the beam.
'~ ~ 3
According to the prior practice of beaming previously drawn yarns, the individual yarns would have been separately drawn on diferent machine positions, with the almost inevitable differences from position to position resulting in differences among the individual yarns. The present invention thus leads to higher quality beams produced at lower cost.
According to a first aspect of the invention, there is provided a beaming process, comprising eeding a weftless warp sheet of spun yarns from a source through ~ tension detector and winding the warp sheet onto a beam, the tension detector com~rising a yarn accumulator for continuously storing a quantity of each yarn constituting the warp sheet and means, responsive to occurrence of tension in any given one of the yarns equal to a predetermined level, for releasing the stored quantity of the given one yarn whereby the tension in the given one yarn does not exceed the predetermined level.
According to another aspect of the invention, the warp sheet is drawn after leaving the tension detector and before it is wound on the beam.
'~ ~ 3
-3 According to another aspect of the invention, the means releases the stored quantity of the given yarn whereby the tension in the given yarn drops ~o substantially zero.
According to another aspect of the invention, the warp sheet is slashed while being drawm.
Other aspects of the invention will in part appear hereinafter and will in part be obvious from the following detailed description taken in connection wi~h the accompany-ing drawings, wherein:
FIGURE 1 is a schematic diagram o a first embod~ment of the invention;
FIGURE 2 is a side elevation view, partly in section, of the preferred o~m of tension de~ector and yarn release embodying an accumulator according to a specific aspect of the invention.
As illustrated in FIGURE 1, in ~he process of ~he inven~ion in its broadest aspects, warp sheet 20 composed o~
a pluraLity of individual yarns is fed rom warp source 22 through tension detector 24, is drawn and optionally slashed, and is subsequently wound on beam 26. Warp source 22 will ordinaril~ be a creel supporting a corresponding plurality of spun yarn packages. Tension detector 24 genera~es a signal when the tension in any of the spun yarns equals a predeter-mined non-zero level, and the process is stopped in response to the signal. The predetermined non-zero tension level is selected to be low enough that the process stops before the tension in the yarn rises high enough to damage the easily damaged spun yarn.
Tension detector 24 prefer~bly comprises a sensor 32 for each yarn 28, the particularly preferred form of sensor 32 being illustrated in FIGURE 2. Each individual yarn 28 passes over stationary bar 30 and loops downwardly under horizontal finger 34 of its associated sensor 32, then upwardly and over roll 36 beore proceeding to further processing steps. Ferromagnetic sensor 32 is pivotally mounted on horizontal shaft 38 and is normally maintained in an approximately horizontal position by magnet 40 rigidly mounted on movable support 42 and cooperating with tail 44 on sensor 32. Yarn 28 thus forms a bight in dete~tor 24 whereby ~he quantity of yarn in the bight is continuously stored.
Detector 24 accordingly comprises a yarn accumulator for temporarily and continuously storing a quantity of each yarn constituting the warp sheet.
In operation, sensor 32 is normally maintained in the horizontal position illustrated in solid lines in FIGURE 2 by magnet 40. If yarn 28 snags or otherwise encounters excessive resistance in warp source 22, the tension in the yarn wilL increase to some level predetermined by the strength of magnet 40 and by the distance from magnet 40 to shaft 38 as compared to the distance from shaft 38 to the point on finger 34 contacted by yarn 28. When this predeter-mined level of tension is exceed2d, the magnetic force is overcome and sensor 32 pi~ots counterclockwise as viewed in FIGURE 2. As sensor 32 pivots toward the position indicated in dotted lines, it interrup~s a horizontal beam of light perpendicular to the plane of the drawing and directed onto photocell 45. Interruption of the light beam generates a signal which, by conventional control circuitry, stops the process before tension becomes high enough to damage the snagged yarn.
It is essential that tension detector 24 comprise a yarn accumulator, since release of the stored quantity of yarn prevents yarn tension from exceeding the desired level if the process is stopped ~efore the stored quantity of yarn is exhausted. The stored quantity of yarn is accordingly selected with respect to the process speed and inertia 90 as to be large enough to eompensate for: the time required to stop the process.
The predetermined level of tension required to actuate finger 34 and thus release yarn 28 can be readily adjusted, according to another aspect of the invention.
Screw 46 is threaded through stationary frame member 48 and engages support 42, such that by adjustment of screw 46 the distance between magnet 40 and pivot 38 can be adjusted.
Movement of magnet 40 toward pivot 38 lowers the level of yarn tension required to actuate finger 34, while movement of magne~ 40 further from pivot 38 increases the required yarn tension.
According to the invention, the process comprises the s~ep of drawing the warp sheet after it leaves tension dPtector 24 and prefera~ly before it is wound on beam 26, although th~ stèp of drawing could be done while transferring thP warp sheet from beam 26 to another beam. As illustrated in FIGURE 1, warp sheet 20 passes through nip rolls 50 running at a given speed prior to passing through nip rolls 52. Drawing of the en~ire warp is accomplished by running nip rolls 52 at a higher speed than nip rolls 50, the respective speeds being selec~ed to provide the desired draw ratio.
In the case of spun (less than fully oriented) yarns made from polyethylene terephthalate, draw zone 54 preferably comprises means for heating the entire warp sheet to a temperature high enough to cause crystallization oE the yarn.
A temperature of about 100C. is normally sufficient. For nylon 6 and nylon 66, a heater is not normally required.
In addition to the step of drawing the warp sheet, the warp sheet may be slashed ater leaving tension detector 24 and beore being wound on beam 26. That is, the running warp is passed through a bath of sizing material such as, for example, polyacrylic acid. The warp sheet is then dried as part o the sLashing step before the warp sheet is wound on beam 26. The yarns may be separated before drying (referred to as a "wet split") or they may be dried in contact with one another and then separated (referred to as a dry split). The latter procedure is recommended only if the individual yarns have a suffîcient amount of twist to prevent filaments from one yarn from being transferred to a different yarn during the splitting step.
The drawing step can be performed in the slasher, as by running the customary quetsch rolls (which squeeze excess liquid from the warp) slower than the slasher output ro~ls by the desired draw ratio. A wet split is preferred in this embodiment because undrawn yarns ordinarily have insufficient twist to prevent filaments from ~ransferring from one yarn to another when using a dry split.
The above process is made practical by the addition of tension detector 24. In addition, drawing (whether hot or ~ .
.3~
cold) is done more uniformly by handling the yarns as a warp sheet than would ~e likeIy if the individual yarns were separately processed. Improvements in quality as well as in economy of operation are thus achieved.
According to another aspect of the invention, the warp sheet is slashed while being drawm.
Other aspects of the invention will in part appear hereinafter and will in part be obvious from the following detailed description taken in connection wi~h the accompany-ing drawings, wherein:
FIGURE 1 is a schematic diagram o a first embod~ment of the invention;
FIGURE 2 is a side elevation view, partly in section, of the preferred o~m of tension de~ector and yarn release embodying an accumulator according to a specific aspect of the invention.
As illustrated in FIGURE 1, in ~he process of ~he inven~ion in its broadest aspects, warp sheet 20 composed o~
a pluraLity of individual yarns is fed rom warp source 22 through tension detector 24, is drawn and optionally slashed, and is subsequently wound on beam 26. Warp source 22 will ordinaril~ be a creel supporting a corresponding plurality of spun yarn packages. Tension detector 24 genera~es a signal when the tension in any of the spun yarns equals a predeter-mined non-zero level, and the process is stopped in response to the signal. The predetermined non-zero tension level is selected to be low enough that the process stops before the tension in the yarn rises high enough to damage the easily damaged spun yarn.
Tension detector 24 prefer~bly comprises a sensor 32 for each yarn 28, the particularly preferred form of sensor 32 being illustrated in FIGURE 2. Each individual yarn 28 passes over stationary bar 30 and loops downwardly under horizontal finger 34 of its associated sensor 32, then upwardly and over roll 36 beore proceeding to further processing steps. Ferromagnetic sensor 32 is pivotally mounted on horizontal shaft 38 and is normally maintained in an approximately horizontal position by magnet 40 rigidly mounted on movable support 42 and cooperating with tail 44 on sensor 32. Yarn 28 thus forms a bight in dete~tor 24 whereby ~he quantity of yarn in the bight is continuously stored.
Detector 24 accordingly comprises a yarn accumulator for temporarily and continuously storing a quantity of each yarn constituting the warp sheet.
In operation, sensor 32 is normally maintained in the horizontal position illustrated in solid lines in FIGURE 2 by magnet 40. If yarn 28 snags or otherwise encounters excessive resistance in warp source 22, the tension in the yarn wilL increase to some level predetermined by the strength of magnet 40 and by the distance from magnet 40 to shaft 38 as compared to the distance from shaft 38 to the point on finger 34 contacted by yarn 28. When this predeter-mined level of tension is exceed2d, the magnetic force is overcome and sensor 32 pi~ots counterclockwise as viewed in FIGURE 2. As sensor 32 pivots toward the position indicated in dotted lines, it interrup~s a horizontal beam of light perpendicular to the plane of the drawing and directed onto photocell 45. Interruption of the light beam generates a signal which, by conventional control circuitry, stops the process before tension becomes high enough to damage the snagged yarn.
It is essential that tension detector 24 comprise a yarn accumulator, since release of the stored quantity of yarn prevents yarn tension from exceeding the desired level if the process is stopped ~efore the stored quantity of yarn is exhausted. The stored quantity of yarn is accordingly selected with respect to the process speed and inertia 90 as to be large enough to eompensate for: the time required to stop the process.
The predetermined level of tension required to actuate finger 34 and thus release yarn 28 can be readily adjusted, according to another aspect of the invention.
Screw 46 is threaded through stationary frame member 48 and engages support 42, such that by adjustment of screw 46 the distance between magnet 40 and pivot 38 can be adjusted.
Movement of magnet 40 toward pivot 38 lowers the level of yarn tension required to actuate finger 34, while movement of magne~ 40 further from pivot 38 increases the required yarn tension.
According to the invention, the process comprises the s~ep of drawing the warp sheet after it leaves tension dPtector 24 and prefera~ly before it is wound on beam 26, although th~ stèp of drawing could be done while transferring thP warp sheet from beam 26 to another beam. As illustrated in FIGURE 1, warp sheet 20 passes through nip rolls 50 running at a given speed prior to passing through nip rolls 52. Drawing of the en~ire warp is accomplished by running nip rolls 52 at a higher speed than nip rolls 50, the respective speeds being selec~ed to provide the desired draw ratio.
In the case of spun (less than fully oriented) yarns made from polyethylene terephthalate, draw zone 54 preferably comprises means for heating the entire warp sheet to a temperature high enough to cause crystallization oE the yarn.
A temperature of about 100C. is normally sufficient. For nylon 6 and nylon 66, a heater is not normally required.
In addition to the step of drawing the warp sheet, the warp sheet may be slashed ater leaving tension detector 24 and beore being wound on beam 26. That is, the running warp is passed through a bath of sizing material such as, for example, polyacrylic acid. The warp sheet is then dried as part o the sLashing step before the warp sheet is wound on beam 26. The yarns may be separated before drying (referred to as a "wet split") or they may be dried in contact with one another and then separated (referred to as a dry split). The latter procedure is recommended only if the individual yarns have a suffîcient amount of twist to prevent filaments from one yarn from being transferred to a different yarn during the splitting step.
The drawing step can be performed in the slasher, as by running the customary quetsch rolls (which squeeze excess liquid from the warp) slower than the slasher output ro~ls by the desired draw ratio. A wet split is preferred in this embodiment because undrawn yarns ordinarily have insufficient twist to prevent filaments from ~ransferring from one yarn to another when using a dry split.
The above process is made practical by the addition of tension detector 24. In addition, drawing (whether hot or ~ .
.3~
cold) is done more uniformly by handling the yarns as a warp sheet than would ~e likeIy if the individual yarns were separately processed. Improvements in quality as well as in economy of operation are thus achieved.
Claims (4)
1. A beaming apparatus, characterized by:
(a) means for feeding a weftless warp sheet of spun yarns from a source through a tension detector and winding said warp sheet onto a beam;
(b) said tension detector comprising:
(1) a yarn accumulator for continuously storing a quantity of each yarn constituting said warp sheet; and (2) means, responsive to occurrence of tension in any given one of said yarns equal to a predetermined level, for releasing the stored quantity of said given one yarn whereby the tension in said given one yarn does not exceed said predetermined level.
(a) means for feeding a weftless warp sheet of spun yarns from a source through a tension detector and winding said warp sheet onto a beam;
(b) said tension detector comprising:
(1) a yarn accumulator for continuously storing a quantity of each yarn constituting said warp sheet; and (2) means, responsive to occurrence of tension in any given one of said yarns equal to a predetermined level, for releasing the stored quantity of said given one yarn whereby the tension in said given one yarn does not exceed said predetermined level.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, characterized in that said means releases the stored quantity of said given yarn whereby the tension in said given yarn drops to sub-stantially zero.
3. The apparatus of claim 1, characterized in that said warp sheet is drawn after leaving said tension detector and before being wound on said beam.
4. The apparatus of claim 3, characterized in that said warp sheet is slashed while being drawn.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US8981079A | 1979-10-31 | 1979-10-31 | |
| US089,810 | 1993-07-12 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1139190A true CA1139190A (en) | 1983-01-11 |
Family
ID=22219687
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000363565A Expired CA1139190A (en) | 1979-10-31 | 1980-10-30 | Drawing and beaming a weftless warp of yarns |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5673135A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR830004466A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1139190A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3040941A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2474066B1 (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1134113B (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3128538C2 (en) * | 1981-07-18 | 1985-03-14 | Karl Mayer Textil-Maschinen-Fabrik Gmbh, 6053 Obertshausen | Warping plant |
| EP0150301A2 (en) * | 1983-12-01 | 1985-08-07 | b a r m a g Barmer Maschinenfabrik Aktiengesellschaft | Apparatus for drawing bundles of synthetic yarns |
| DE3724751A1 (en) * | 1987-07-25 | 1989-02-09 | Rhodia Ag | METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION OF PARTIAL CHAINS WRAPPED ON TRUNK TREATMENTS OR PARTIAL CHAINS OR ON CHAINS OF SYNTHETIC FILAMENT YARNS |
| CN104032434A (en) * | 2014-05-28 | 2014-09-10 | 苏州潮盛印花制版实业有限公司 | Idler wheel friction tension device |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1535159A1 (en) * | 1965-10-06 | 1970-10-22 | Flight Refueling Ltd | Device for displaying the breakage of yarn or the like. in textile machines |
| US3351296A (en) * | 1966-06-24 | 1967-11-07 | Frei Geb | Electromagnetic thread-tension control assembly |
| US3612791A (en) * | 1970-01-13 | 1971-10-12 | Northrop Carolina Inc | Yarn tension and break detector apparatus |
-
1980
- 1980-10-30 DE DE19803040941 patent/DE3040941A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1980-10-30 IT IT25674/80A patent/IT1134113B/en active
- 1980-10-30 JP JP15367380A patent/JPS5673135A/en active Pending
- 1980-10-30 FR FR8023250A patent/FR2474066B1/en not_active Expired
- 1980-10-30 CA CA000363565A patent/CA1139190A/en not_active Expired
- 1980-10-30 KR KR1019800004152A patent/KR830004466A/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE3040941A1 (en) | 1981-05-14 |
| JPS5673135A (en) | 1981-06-17 |
| FR2474066B1 (en) | 1986-03-28 |
| IT1134113B (en) | 1986-07-24 |
| KR830004466A (en) | 1983-07-13 |
| IT8025674A0 (en) | 1980-10-30 |
| FR2474066A1 (en) | 1981-07-24 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry | ||
| MKEX | Expiry |
Effective date: 20000111 |