CA1138815A - Protecting austenitic stainless steel from stress corrosion cracking - Google Patents
Protecting austenitic stainless steel from stress corrosion crackingInfo
- Publication number
- CA1138815A CA1138815A CA000328401A CA328401A CA1138815A CA 1138815 A CA1138815 A CA 1138815A CA 000328401 A CA000328401 A CA 000328401A CA 328401 A CA328401 A CA 328401A CA 1138815 A CA1138815 A CA 1138815A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- stainless steel
- austenitic stainless
- dissimilar
- austenitic
- corrosion cracking
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
- C23F13/00—Inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection
- C23F13/02—Inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection cathodic; Selection of conditions, parameters or procedures for cathodic protection, e.g. of electrical conditions
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Prevention Of Electric Corrosion (AREA)
- Arc Welding In General (AREA)
- Preventing Corrosion Or Incrustation Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A means for using "workable-weldable" austenitic stainless steel in an environment where stress corrosion cracking would have been a problem. The austenitic stainless steel is protected against stress corrosion cracking by covering a portion thereof with another stainless steel which is less noble than the austenitic steel in the referred to corrosive environment.
A means for using "workable-weldable" austenitic stainless steel in an environment where stress corrosion cracking would have been a problem. The austenitic stainless steel is protected against stress corrosion cracking by covering a portion thereof with another stainless steel which is less noble than the austenitic steel in the referred to corrosive environment.
Description
~ 1026 `~ 1 PR~TECTING AUSTENITIC STAINLESS STEEL FROM
STRESS CORROSION C~ACRING
ABSTRACT ~F T~E DISCLOSURE
A means for using aworkable-weldable~ austenitic 6tainle~s steel in an environment where ~tress corrosion cracking ` would have been a problem. The austenitic stainless steel is protected against stress corrosion cracking by covering a portion tbereof with another stainless steel which is less noble than the austenitic steel in the referred to corrosive environment.
:
The present invention relates to a process for renderin~ austenitic stainless steel suitable for use in an environment where it is subjected to conditions which are conducive to stress corrosion cracking.
As austenitic ~tainless steels are susceptible to stress corrosion cracking, their u6e has been limited to environments where they are not subject to conditions which are conducive thereto. Design engineers have resorted to high nickel alloys or to the new ~00 ~eries stainless ~teels in environments which are conducive to stress corrosion crackingO
Both of these alternatives do, however, have their drawbacks.
The nickel alloys are very eYpensive and ~he 400 ~eries stainless ~teels are generally harder to form and weld.
~ .
~3~
`' 1 ~hrough the pre~ent ~nvention there is n~w provided an i~proved ~eans for using ~orkable-weldableR austenitic ~tainless ~eel in environments where stress corrosion cracking ~ould have been a problem. ~he austenitic 6tainless stee1 is protected against ~tress corrosion cracking by covering a portion thereof with another stainless steel which is less noble than the austenitic steel in the referred to corrosive environments.
Design engineers have attempted to protect austenitic stainless ~teels from stress corrosion cracking by covering portions thereof with a dissimilar class of metal. United 5tates Patent Nos. 3/084~742 and 3,378,359 respectively disclose processes wherein carbon ~teel and aluminum are used to protect stainless steel. They do not, however, disclose a process :` wherein one stainless steel is being u~ed to protect another.
f `
;15 Another patent, United States Patent No, 3,830,720, discloses a sacrifici~l anode compri6ed of a stainless ~teel `" ~ e,~ f~
core ~nd an ~luminum co~er. As the stainless steel~is of the ~ame chemi~try as ~ the stainless 6teel to which it is attached, th~ p~ctenti ~ does not disclose a process wherein austenitic stainless ~teel is protected by a dissimilar 6tainless steel. The aluminum is the ~acrificial metal, as is the case for Patent No. 3,378,359.
Hany other references deal with galvanic reactions.
These references include ~nited States Patent Nos. 1,613,~61,
STRESS CORROSION C~ACRING
ABSTRACT ~F T~E DISCLOSURE
A means for using aworkable-weldable~ austenitic 6tainle~s steel in an environment where ~tress corrosion cracking ` would have been a problem. The austenitic stainless steel is protected against stress corrosion cracking by covering a portion tbereof with another stainless steel which is less noble than the austenitic steel in the referred to corrosive environment.
:
The present invention relates to a process for renderin~ austenitic stainless steel suitable for use in an environment where it is subjected to conditions which are conducive to stress corrosion cracking.
As austenitic ~tainless steels are susceptible to stress corrosion cracking, their u6e has been limited to environments where they are not subject to conditions which are conducive thereto. Design engineers have resorted to high nickel alloys or to the new ~00 ~eries stainless ~teels in environments which are conducive to stress corrosion crackingO
Both of these alternatives do, however, have their drawbacks.
The nickel alloys are very eYpensive and ~he 400 ~eries stainless ~teels are generally harder to form and weld.
~ .
~3~
`' 1 ~hrough the pre~ent ~nvention there is n~w provided an i~proved ~eans for using ~orkable-weldableR austenitic ~tainless ~eel in environments where stress corrosion cracking ~ould have been a problem. ~he austenitic 6tainless stee1 is protected against ~tress corrosion cracking by covering a portion thereof with another stainless steel which is less noble than the austenitic steel in the referred to corrosive environments.
Design engineers have attempted to protect austenitic stainless ~teels from stress corrosion cracking by covering portions thereof with a dissimilar class of metal. United 5tates Patent Nos. 3/084~742 and 3,378,359 respectively disclose processes wherein carbon ~teel and aluminum are used to protect stainless steel. They do not, however, disclose a process :` wherein one stainless steel is being u~ed to protect another.
f `
;15 Another patent, United States Patent No, 3,830,720, discloses a sacrifici~l anode compri6ed of a stainless ~teel `" ~ e,~ f~
core ~nd an ~luminum co~er. As the stainless steel~is of the ~ame chemi~try as ~ the stainless 6teel to which it is attached, th~ p~ctenti ~ does not disclose a process wherein austenitic stainless ~teel is protected by a dissimilar 6tainless steel. The aluminum is the ~acrificial metal, as is the case for Patent No. 3,378,359.
Hany other references deal with galvanic reactions.
These references include ~nited States Patent Nos. 1,613,~61,
2,303,778, 2j619,455, 3,616,419 and 3,830,634. None of them provide a process wherein a dissimilar ~tainless ~teel is used to protect an austenitic stainless ~teel. By utilizing a , .
~2--~3~
. . .
.1 di6similar ~tainle~s steel, the present invention prolongs the life of the sacrificial ~etal and reduces the amount of contaminatiny corrosion products.
It is accordingly an object of the pre~ent invention to provide a process wherein a dissimilar stainless ~teel : renders austenitic stainless steel suitable for use in an ~i environment where it is subject to conditions which are conduci~e to stress corrosion cracking.
The process of the present invention renders austenitic stainless steel ~uitable for use in an environment ~here the ~tainless steel is ~ubjected to conditions ~hich are conducive to stress corrosion cracking. It comprises the steps of providing ~n Austenitic stainless steel substrate and covering separate portions of one ~urface of the ~ubstrate with a dissimilar stainless ~teel which is less noble than the austenitic stai~less steel in the referred to corrosive environment. The corrosive environment is generally a chloride-bearing environment. ~t could also be an environment which is sulfide-bearing or caustic. The choice of the cle joe "c~e n Z~
20 ~ dissimilar ~tainless steel is ~e~e~t upon a determination of the envir~nment to which the austenitic ~tainless ~teel is to be subjected. The dissimilar tainless steel can be attached to the austenitic stainless ~;teel in a variety ~f ways which include welding,lpressure bonding, riveting and ~praying. The J d-~eG~
~teels ~ust be ~t~ed so as to pro~ide intimate electrical contact.
~2--~3~
. . .
.1 di6similar ~tainle~s steel, the present invention prolongs the life of the sacrificial ~etal and reduces the amount of contaminatiny corrosion products.
It is accordingly an object of the pre~ent invention to provide a process wherein a dissimilar stainless ~teel : renders austenitic stainless steel suitable for use in an ~i environment where it is subject to conditions which are conduci~e to stress corrosion cracking.
The process of the present invention renders austenitic stainless steel ~uitable for use in an environment ~here the ~tainless steel is ~ubjected to conditions ~hich are conducive to stress corrosion cracking. It comprises the steps of providing ~n Austenitic stainless steel substrate and covering separate portions of one ~urface of the ~ubstrate with a dissimilar stainless ~teel which is less noble than the austenitic stai~less steel in the referred to corrosive environment. The corrosive environment is generally a chloride-bearing environment. ~t could also be an environment which is sulfide-bearing or caustic. The choice of the cle joe "c~e n Z~
20 ~ dissimilar ~tainless steel is ~e~e~t upon a determination of the envir~nment to which the austenitic ~tainless ~teel is to be subjected. The dissimilar tainless steel can be attached to the austenitic stainless ~;teel in a variety ~f ways which include welding,lpressure bonding, riveting and ~praying. The J d-~eG~
~teels ~ust be ~t~ed so as to pro~ide intimate electrical contact.
-3-'1~3~ S
1 The article of the present invention i~ characterized by an ~ustenitic ~tainless steel substrate and dissimilar ~tainless steel attached thereto. The dissimilar 6tainless ~teel covers separate portions of one surface of the ~ubstrate, and is as described hereinabove. Particular di6~imilar ~teels ~re A.I.S.I. Type ~09 and Type ~39 6tainless ~teel~. A
particular austenitic alloy is A.I.S.I ~ype 304 ~tainless steel. The article can be formed and welded into various vessels 6uch as hot water tanks and heat e~changers.
~0 Alternatively, the dissimilar stainless steel can be attached to the austenitic stainless steel during or ~ubsequent to fabrication. The ~issimilar stainless ~teel constitutes a portion of the inner ~urface of the finished ~essel.
The following examples are illustrative of several aspects of the invention.
A 1 inch by 6 inch ~trip of A.I.S.I. Type 304 stainless ~teel was formed into a U-bend sa~ple and immersed in a boiling ~2~ ~gC12 ~olution. The 6ample cracked within 4 hour6.
Three other 1 inch by 6 inch ~trips of A.I.S.I. Type 304 6tainless ~teel were formed into U-bend ~amples and immersed in ~ boiling ~& MgC12 solution. One of the samples had a 1 inch by 1 inch piece of A.I.S.I. Type ~09 ~tainless steel spot ~elded just above the bolt which retains it against outward ~ovement of the ends. The other two ~amples had a similar piece of A.I.S.I. Type ~09 stainless ~teel spot ~elded on a leg just bel~w the retaining bolt. The samples did ~o~ crack ~fter 840 ~ours of testing.
3~
~he dissi~nilar ~09 8ta~nless 5teel provided the austenitic 3D4 E;tainless ~teel ~ith ~ignificant pro~ec'cion against ~;trees corrosion cracking.
"~ ' ' It ~ill be ~pparent ~o those ~killed ln the art that he novel principles of the invention disclosed herein in connection with specific e~amples thereof will ~uggest v~rious cther ~odif ications and applications of the ~ame. It is accordingly desired that in construing the breadth of the appended claims they ~hall n~t be limited to the 8pecific ~ .
e~amples of the invention described therein.
,:
. .
., i~
',", :., '', ; "' . .
' .
.. ~
1 The article of the present invention i~ characterized by an ~ustenitic ~tainless steel substrate and dissimilar ~tainless steel attached thereto. The dissimilar 6tainless ~teel covers separate portions of one surface of the ~ubstrate, and is as described hereinabove. Particular di6~imilar ~teels ~re A.I.S.I. Type ~09 and Type ~39 6tainless ~teel~. A
particular austenitic alloy is A.I.S.I ~ype 304 ~tainless steel. The article can be formed and welded into various vessels 6uch as hot water tanks and heat e~changers.
~0 Alternatively, the dissimilar stainless steel can be attached to the austenitic stainless steel during or ~ubsequent to fabrication. The ~issimilar stainless ~teel constitutes a portion of the inner ~urface of the finished ~essel.
The following examples are illustrative of several aspects of the invention.
A 1 inch by 6 inch ~trip of A.I.S.I. Type 304 stainless ~teel was formed into a U-bend sa~ple and immersed in a boiling ~2~ ~gC12 ~olution. The 6ample cracked within 4 hour6.
Three other 1 inch by 6 inch ~trips of A.I.S.I. Type 304 6tainless ~teel were formed into U-bend ~amples and immersed in ~ boiling ~& MgC12 solution. One of the samples had a 1 inch by 1 inch piece of A.I.S.I. Type ~09 ~tainless steel spot ~elded just above the bolt which retains it against outward ~ovement of the ends. The other two ~amples had a similar piece of A.I.S.I. Type ~09 stainless ~teel spot ~elded on a leg just bel~w the retaining bolt. The samples did ~o~ crack ~fter 840 ~ours of testing.
3~
~he dissi~nilar ~09 8ta~nless 5teel provided the austenitic 3D4 E;tainless ~teel ~ith ~ignificant pro~ec'cion against ~;trees corrosion cracking.
"~ ' ' It ~ill be ~pparent ~o those ~killed ln the art that he novel principles of the invention disclosed herein in connection with specific e~amples thereof will ~uggest v~rious cther ~odif ications and applications of the ~ame. It is accordingly desired that in construing the breadth of the appended claims they ~hall n~t be limited to the 8pecific ~ .
e~amples of the invention described therein.
,:
. .
., i~
',", :., '', ; "' . .
' .
.. ~
Claims (6)
1. A process for rendering austenitic stainless steel suitable for use as a vessel in an environment where said stainless steel is subjected to conditions which are conductive to stress corrosion cracking, which process comprises the steps of providing an austenitic stainless steel substrate and cover-ing separate portions of one surface of said substrate with a dissimilar stainless steel, said dissimilar stainless steel being less noble than said austenitic stainless steel in said corrosive environment, said dissimilar stainless steel being in electrical contact with said austenitic stainless steel, and forming said austenitic stainless steel into a vessel suitable for containing a liquid medium, said dissimilar stain-less steel being on the inner surface of the vessel.
2. A process according to claim 1, wherein said austenitic stainless steel is an A.I.S.I. Type 304 stainless steel.
3. A process according to claim 2, wherein said dis-similar stainless steel is from the group consisting of A.I.S.I.
Type 409 and 439 stainless steel.
4. A vessel shaped article comprising an austenitic stainless steel substrate and a dissimilar stainless steel attached thereto so as to be in electrical contact therewith, said dissimilar stainless steel covering separate portions of the inner surface of said substrate, said dissimilar stainless steel rendering said austenitic stainless steel suitable for
Type 409 and 439 stainless steel.
4. A vessel shaped article comprising an austenitic stainless steel substrate and a dissimilar stainless steel attached thereto so as to be in electrical contact therewith, said dissimilar stainless steel covering separate portions of the inner surface of said substrate, said dissimilar stainless steel rendering said austenitic stainless steel suitable for
Claim 4 continued use in an environment where said austenitic stainless steel is subjected to conditions which are conductive to stress corrosion cracking, said dissimilar stainless steel being less noble than said austenitic stainless steel in said corrosive environment.
5. An article according to claim 4, wherein said austenitic stainless steel is an A.I.S.I. Type 304 stainless steel.
6. An article as claimed in claim 4, wherein said dis-similar stainless steel is from the group consisting of A.I.S.I.
Type 409 and 439 stainless steel.
Type 409 and 439 stainless steel.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US91326578A | 1978-06-07 | 1978-06-07 | |
| US913,265 | 1978-06-07 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1138815A true CA1138815A (en) | 1983-01-04 |
Family
ID=25433105
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000328401A Expired CA1138815A (en) | 1978-06-07 | 1979-05-25 | Protecting austenitic stainless steel from stress corrosion cracking |
Country Status (12)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS54159348A (en) |
| AT (1) | AT364891B (en) |
| AU (1) | AU529173B2 (en) |
| BE (1) | BE876842A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR7903482A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1138815A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2919793A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2428081A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2022615B (en) |
| IL (1) | IL57327A (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1116241B (en) |
| SE (1) | SE7904910L (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2652035B2 (en) * | 1988-05-11 | 1997-09-10 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Corrosion protection in highly corrosive liquids |
| IT1237841B (en) * | 1989-11-24 | 1993-06-18 | Giuseppe Sala | CORROSION-RESISTANT SOIL REINFORCEMENT ARMOR |
-
1979
- 1979-05-16 AU AU47130/79A patent/AU529173B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1979-05-16 DE DE19792919793 patent/DE2919793A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1979-05-18 GB GB7917379A patent/GB2022615B/en not_active Expired
- 1979-05-18 IL IL57327A patent/IL57327A/en unknown
- 1979-05-25 CA CA000328401A patent/CA1138815A/en not_active Expired
- 1979-06-04 BR BR7903482A patent/BR7903482A/en unknown
- 1979-06-06 IT IT49333/79A patent/IT1116241B/en active
- 1979-06-06 SE SE7904910A patent/SE7904910L/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1979-06-07 JP JP7182479A patent/JPS54159348A/en active Pending
- 1979-06-07 AT AT0409879A patent/AT364891B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1979-06-07 FR FR7914626A patent/FR2428081A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1979-06-07 BE BE0/195632A patent/BE876842A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB2022615B (en) | 1982-11-10 |
| AU529173B2 (en) | 1983-05-26 |
| IT1116241B (en) | 1986-02-10 |
| BR7903482A (en) | 1980-01-15 |
| DE2919793A1 (en) | 1979-12-20 |
| IT7949333A0 (en) | 1979-06-06 |
| BE876842A (en) | 1979-12-07 |
| AT364891B (en) | 1981-11-25 |
| IL57327A0 (en) | 1979-09-30 |
| JPS54159348A (en) | 1979-12-17 |
| IL57327A (en) | 1982-09-30 |
| SE7904910L (en) | 1979-12-08 |
| ATA409879A (en) | 1981-04-15 |
| AU4713079A (en) | 1979-12-13 |
| FR2428081A1 (en) | 1980-01-04 |
| GB2022615A (en) | 1979-12-19 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| RU2281345C2 (en) | Molybdenum containing austenite stainless steel resistant against oxidation and corrosion | |
| US3313721A (en) | Dish-shaped anode | |
| AU9824998A (en) | Passivation of stainless steels in organosulphonic acid medium | |
| JPH05195266A (en) | Method for decreasing fluidal corrosion of carbon steel parts | |
| WO2005019498A3 (en) | Composition and method for surface treatment of oxidized metal | |
| CA1138815A (en) | Protecting austenitic stainless steel from stress corrosion cracking | |
| Jacobs et al. | Low-temperature annealing: a process to mitigate irradiation-assisted stress corrosion cracking | |
| Troselius | Corrosion Resistance of Type 18Cr2MoTi Stainless Steel | |
| CA1138816A (en) | Protecting ferritic stainless steel from crevice and pitting corrosion | |
| CN105803372B (en) | A kind of preparation method of Tritium Permeation Barrier | |
| KR820001548B1 (en) | Protecting austenitic stainless steel from corrosion cracking | |
| JPS5518573A (en) | Diffusion-covering method for al on heat resistant alloy surface | |
| JP3881417B2 (en) | Marine steel structures with excellent long-term durability | |
| Spacht | The corrosion resistance of aluminum and its alloys. | |
| Normand et al. | Corrosion resistance of thermal spray Inconel 690 coatings | |
| Aslund | Properties and Applications of Low Interstitial 18 and 25% Cr--Mo Ferritic Stainless Steels | |
| JPH0357184B2 (en) | ||
| Bratean et al. | Research on anticorrosion characteristics of AlZn pseudo-alloy obtained by metal-arc process | |
| JPS6223203B2 (en) | ||
| Aries et al. | Electrochemical behaviour of conversion coatings on ferritic stainless steel for solar absorbers | |
| Sadigh | The Effect of Molten Zinc on Some Commercial Alloys | |
| Ugwuoke et al. | Design and Development of a Parkerizing Tank | |
| Rao | Effect of Environment on Selective Attack of Phases in Austenitic Weld Metals | |
| Faure et al. | Cold Underclad Cracking of Steam Generator Tube Sheets and Reactor Vessel Nozzles in PWR Plants.(Retroactive Coverage) | |
| Vianco et al. | CORROSION OF BRAZED JOINTS |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |