CA1137029A - Tamper proof container - Google Patents
Tamper proof containerInfo
- Publication number
- CA1137029A CA1137029A CA000340004A CA340004A CA1137029A CA 1137029 A CA1137029 A CA 1137029A CA 000340004 A CA000340004 A CA 000340004A CA 340004 A CA340004 A CA 340004A CA 1137029 A CA1137029 A CA 1137029A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- annular
- tear strip
- container
- closure
- flange portion
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Landscapes
- Closures For Containers (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A tamper proof container closure which includes a lid having a dependent rim flange attached to which is a second dependent flange (tear strip) which is easily severable from the first dependent lid flange. This closure ensures that the container cannot be opened unless the tear strip is removed and any evidence of the severance of the tear strip indicates that the container contents may have been tampered with.
A tamper proof container closure which includes a lid having a dependent rim flange attached to which is a second dependent flange (tear strip) which is easily severable from the first dependent lid flange. This closure ensures that the container cannot be opened unless the tear strip is removed and any evidence of the severance of the tear strip indicates that the container contents may have been tampered with.
Description
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This invention relates to a tamper proof container which can be used for perishable goods and will clearly indicate whether the lid has been removed.
: Container closures of this sort are use~ul for products sold iXI self service supermarkets as the customer can eas.ily be assured that the contents of a package have not heen opened. The closure thus needs to be difficult to open in the first instance and once opened it is desirable that it be easily observable that -the container has been opened. - :~
To this end the present invention provides a container lid comprising a top having dependent peripheral side portions, said side portions including a first continuous dependent portion : having an internal peripheral beading and a second side portion dependent rom said first side portlon and severable therefrom. `;
Ideally, the second dependent portion comprises a tear strip which can be removed~to enable easy`opening of the container ::
to take place. Once the tear strip ha~s been partially torn there ,~
is vi.sible evidence that the container has been tampered with and the difficulty of removing the lîd while the tear strip is intact will provide the necessary reassurance to consumers that the :~ container is untampered.
In one embodiment, this invention relates to a container and a lid as described~above whereln the container includes a neck portion comprising a lip, a recess below said lip complemen-tary to the internal peripheral beading of said first dependentportion of said lid and a shoulder below said recess adapted ; to abut the lower~edge of said severable second dependent portion of said lid. :
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This construction renders it difficult to remove the lid without first removing the tear strip. Not only is access to the bottom of the tear strip difficult but flexing of the lid to raise the beading over the lip is very difficult while the tear strip is in place. ~owever, once the tear strip is removed, the lid can easily be removed or replaced over the container opening. -~
A preferred embodiment of the invention is shown in the drawings in which, ~ ;
Figure 1 is a side view of a cap of a molded plastic cream bottle;
Figure 2 is a plan~view of a section of the cap shown in Figure l;
Figure 3 is an enlarged sectional view of the cap along `~ ~ 3~ 3 - -line ~r~of Figure l;
Figure 4 is an enlarged sectional view along the line of Figure l; ~;
Figure 5 is an;enlarged sectional view along the line of Figure l;
Figure 6 is a side view of the neck of the cream bottle;
and Figure 7 is an enlarged sectional view of the neck shown in Figure 6.
The cream bottle IS injection molded and the neck and rim are moulded to complement the shape of the cap. In Figures 6 and 7 the neck is shown to include a lower shoulder 10, a first :~
recess or groove 11, a rlb 12 which rib includes a second shoulder 13, a second recess 14 and the lip 15.
The cap as shown in Figures 1 to 5 comprises the upper surface 17 of the cap, the dependent flange 18 of the cap and tear strip 21.
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Dependent ~lange 18 includes a sealant beading 19 which is of a shape complemantary to that of recess 14 of the bottleis neck.
The tear strip 21 extends outwardly in its dependence from flange 18 and is attached thereto along a common edge. Tear strip 21 is connected by membrane 22 along its inner upper edge to the lower outer edge o~ flange 18. Tear strip 21 is discontinuous to form the gap 20 shown in Figures 1 and 2. The thickness of the ` membrane 22 varies along the length o the tear strip 21 from that shown in Figure 5 to the thickness shown in Figure 3.
Tear strip 21 is spaced out from the outer edge of .
flange 18 and is oomplementary to shoulder 12 of the bottle's neck. As shown in Figures 3-5, tear strip 21 includes a continuous ;;
-sealant beading portion 23 and a discontinuous sleeve portion 21a.
Sealant beading 23 of tear strip 21 ~its within reaess 11 of the bottle's neok. ~The~lower edge of tear strlp~2l abuts the lower ~ ~;
shoulder 10 of the bottle 1 5 neck.
The arrangement of the cap is such that the sealing of the bottle occurs predominantly at the interface of sealant beading 19 where it abuts the under surface of l;p 15. This seal is reinforced by~the pressure of the tear strip 21 on flange 18 due to the tear str~ip 21 seating on shoulder 10 of the neck of the bottle.
:::
~ In use the cap cannot be remo~ed except by removal of ~ 25 the tear strip. The provision of two bèadingsseating within vertically separated complementary recesses ensures that the cap cannot be removed accidentally unless the te~r strip is also broken. The tear strip is conveniently placed so that it can ~ 4 ~
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easily be removed but in such a way that it can be readily seen that the cap has been removed~ Most of all more effective sealing -is provided to prevent leakage of the contents shou1d distortion of the plastic bottle occur.
The presence of the tear strip ensures that, while the tear strip is in position, the closure cannot be removed from the container~ Removal of the tear strip allows the remaining portion o the closure to function as a normal snap-on cap removable in the usual way.
Because of the spaced positioning and the increased inner diameter of the tear strip, the application force can be easily applied, not only to the top of the closure, but also to the upper shoulder of the tear strip when the closure is initlally applied to the container. Furthermore, because of the small vertical height of the closure, there is less likelihood of the :
closure buckling~in its vertical sidewalls when pressure is applied ~ ~;
to the-top of the cap. The design o this closure enables it to :
be applied by the standard ford capping machine which has general-ly been used for applying crimped aluminum caps to milk bottles and the like.
: `
Some prior art closl~res have long vertical sidewalls and, therefore, an appllcation force can only be applied to the top of the closures. Because of the high probability of the buckling in of the sidewalls of such prior art closures,~ special cap applicators have been used with such closures~ In contrast thereto, the closure of the present invention is so structured that standard cap applying machines can engage the upper shoulder of the tear strip and force the bead 23 past both lips 12 and 15 .
~.~37~
with comparative easeO This ease of application occurs because of the relationship between the tear strip and the closure itselE, that is, the tear strip is dependent from the annular flange portion and of greater inner diametar within the flange S portion so as to form a shoulder at the base of the flange portion.
Furthermore, the inner diameter of the te~ar strip is large enough to enable it to fit over the outex beading on -the neck of the bottle. This structural arrangement enables the closure to correctly locate itself on the bottle and, thus ensures that the applicati.on of the closure onto the bottle is made correctly. The lnner~diameter of the tear strip is larger than the inner diameter of the flange portion because the tear strip is radially spaced farther out than the wall of the cap. Known prior art closures have structures which preclude the possibility i of a diff rence in the internal diameters of the flange portion and the ~ear strip.
Thus, the internal ~radial spacing of the tear strip .
from the flange portion of the cIosure not only provides a shoulder to assist in easier application of the closure to the bottle neck by a user, but also enables the closure to be more conveniently placed on the container during the automatic appli~
cation thereof by conventional~capping machines.
Another feature of the cap design is that presence of beading 23 ensures that the caps do not nest within one another during automatic feeding of the caps prior to their being placed onto the filled bottles. If nesting occurs, difficulty is encountered in separating the caps and this can lead to loss of production time during the filling of the bottles.
ç _ .: :
Another feature of the cap design is that presence of t~ar s~y;p~
a tab ~ r1~T~rrs~e--enables one to easily remove the closure ~`~ member by tearing through the membrane 22 connectiny the tear strip 21 to the flange 18 at a point initiated at the continuous sealant beading 23 where a discontinuity or gap 20 exists in the discontinuous sleeve porti.on 21a. .
It can thus be seen that the present invention prov.ides ~
a container cap which overcomes a number of problems encountered ~:
: 9 with conventional lids.
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.
:
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This invention relates to a tamper proof container which can be used for perishable goods and will clearly indicate whether the lid has been removed.
: Container closures of this sort are use~ul for products sold iXI self service supermarkets as the customer can eas.ily be assured that the contents of a package have not heen opened. The closure thus needs to be difficult to open in the first instance and once opened it is desirable that it be easily observable that -the container has been opened. - :~
To this end the present invention provides a container lid comprising a top having dependent peripheral side portions, said side portions including a first continuous dependent portion : having an internal peripheral beading and a second side portion dependent rom said first side portlon and severable therefrom. `;
Ideally, the second dependent portion comprises a tear strip which can be removed~to enable easy`opening of the container ::
to take place. Once the tear strip ha~s been partially torn there ,~
is vi.sible evidence that the container has been tampered with and the difficulty of removing the lîd while the tear strip is intact will provide the necessary reassurance to consumers that the :~ container is untampered.
In one embodiment, this invention relates to a container and a lid as described~above whereln the container includes a neck portion comprising a lip, a recess below said lip complemen-tary to the internal peripheral beading of said first dependentportion of said lid and a shoulder below said recess adapted ; to abut the lower~edge of said severable second dependent portion of said lid. :
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'~ ' ' :
" ' ~:
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This construction renders it difficult to remove the lid without first removing the tear strip. Not only is access to the bottom of the tear strip difficult but flexing of the lid to raise the beading over the lip is very difficult while the tear strip is in place. ~owever, once the tear strip is removed, the lid can easily be removed or replaced over the container opening. -~
A preferred embodiment of the invention is shown in the drawings in which, ~ ;
Figure 1 is a side view of a cap of a molded plastic cream bottle;
Figure 2 is a plan~view of a section of the cap shown in Figure l;
Figure 3 is an enlarged sectional view of the cap along `~ ~ 3~ 3 - -line ~r~of Figure l;
Figure 4 is an enlarged sectional view along the line of Figure l; ~;
Figure 5 is an;enlarged sectional view along the line of Figure l;
Figure 6 is a side view of the neck of the cream bottle;
and Figure 7 is an enlarged sectional view of the neck shown in Figure 6.
The cream bottle IS injection molded and the neck and rim are moulded to complement the shape of the cap. In Figures 6 and 7 the neck is shown to include a lower shoulder 10, a first :~
recess or groove 11, a rlb 12 which rib includes a second shoulder 13, a second recess 14 and the lip 15.
The cap as shown in Figures 1 to 5 comprises the upper surface 17 of the cap, the dependent flange 18 of the cap and tear strip 21.
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.
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~37~
Dependent ~lange 18 includes a sealant beading 19 which is of a shape complemantary to that of recess 14 of the bottleis neck.
The tear strip 21 extends outwardly in its dependence from flange 18 and is attached thereto along a common edge. Tear strip 21 is connected by membrane 22 along its inner upper edge to the lower outer edge o~ flange 18. Tear strip 21 is discontinuous to form the gap 20 shown in Figures 1 and 2. The thickness of the ` membrane 22 varies along the length o the tear strip 21 from that shown in Figure 5 to the thickness shown in Figure 3.
Tear strip 21 is spaced out from the outer edge of .
flange 18 and is oomplementary to shoulder 12 of the bottle's neck. As shown in Figures 3-5, tear strip 21 includes a continuous ;;
-sealant beading portion 23 and a discontinuous sleeve portion 21a.
Sealant beading 23 of tear strip 21 ~its within reaess 11 of the bottle's neok. ~The~lower edge of tear strlp~2l abuts the lower ~ ~;
shoulder 10 of the bottle 1 5 neck.
The arrangement of the cap is such that the sealing of the bottle occurs predominantly at the interface of sealant beading 19 where it abuts the under surface of l;p 15. This seal is reinforced by~the pressure of the tear strip 21 on flange 18 due to the tear str~ip 21 seating on shoulder 10 of the neck of the bottle.
:::
~ In use the cap cannot be remo~ed except by removal of ~ 25 the tear strip. The provision of two bèadingsseating within vertically separated complementary recesses ensures that the cap cannot be removed accidentally unless the te~r strip is also broken. The tear strip is conveniently placed so that it can ~ 4 ~
--: :- ::
-::
., .- -: : :
~L37~Z~
:
easily be removed but in such a way that it can be readily seen that the cap has been removed~ Most of all more effective sealing -is provided to prevent leakage of the contents shou1d distortion of the plastic bottle occur.
The presence of the tear strip ensures that, while the tear strip is in position, the closure cannot be removed from the container~ Removal of the tear strip allows the remaining portion o the closure to function as a normal snap-on cap removable in the usual way.
Because of the spaced positioning and the increased inner diameter of the tear strip, the application force can be easily applied, not only to the top of the closure, but also to the upper shoulder of the tear strip when the closure is initlally applied to the container. Furthermore, because of the small vertical height of the closure, there is less likelihood of the :
closure buckling~in its vertical sidewalls when pressure is applied ~ ~;
to the-top of the cap. The design o this closure enables it to :
be applied by the standard ford capping machine which has general-ly been used for applying crimped aluminum caps to milk bottles and the like.
: `
Some prior art closl~res have long vertical sidewalls and, therefore, an appllcation force can only be applied to the top of the closures. Because of the high probability of the buckling in of the sidewalls of such prior art closures,~ special cap applicators have been used with such closures~ In contrast thereto, the closure of the present invention is so structured that standard cap applying machines can engage the upper shoulder of the tear strip and force the bead 23 past both lips 12 and 15 .
~.~37~
with comparative easeO This ease of application occurs because of the relationship between the tear strip and the closure itselE, that is, the tear strip is dependent from the annular flange portion and of greater inner diametar within the flange S portion so as to form a shoulder at the base of the flange portion.
Furthermore, the inner diameter of the te~ar strip is large enough to enable it to fit over the outex beading on -the neck of the bottle. This structural arrangement enables the closure to correctly locate itself on the bottle and, thus ensures that the applicati.on of the closure onto the bottle is made correctly. The lnner~diameter of the tear strip is larger than the inner diameter of the flange portion because the tear strip is radially spaced farther out than the wall of the cap. Known prior art closures have structures which preclude the possibility i of a diff rence in the internal diameters of the flange portion and the ~ear strip.
Thus, the internal ~radial spacing of the tear strip .
from the flange portion of the cIosure not only provides a shoulder to assist in easier application of the closure to the bottle neck by a user, but also enables the closure to be more conveniently placed on the container during the automatic appli~
cation thereof by conventional~capping machines.
Another feature of the cap design is that presence of beading 23 ensures that the caps do not nest within one another during automatic feeding of the caps prior to their being placed onto the filled bottles. If nesting occurs, difficulty is encountered in separating the caps and this can lead to loss of production time during the filling of the bottles.
ç _ .: :
Another feature of the cap design is that presence of t~ar s~y;p~
a tab ~ r1~T~rrs~e--enables one to easily remove the closure ~`~ member by tearing through the membrane 22 connectiny the tear strip 21 to the flange 18 at a point initiated at the continuous sealant beading 23 where a discontinuity or gap 20 exists in the discontinuous sleeve porti.on 21a. .
It can thus be seen that the present invention prov.ides ~
a container cap which overcomes a number of problems encountered ~:
: 9 with conventional lids.
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.
:
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~. .:. - ~ - . .. , : :
.. ...
Claims (8)
OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A container and closure therefor, comprising:
a synthetic plastic container member having an upper neck portion, said neck portion having an outer periphery contain-ing a recess defining thereabove an annular lip, said neck portion further having an annular groove at a lower elevation than said recess, said annular groove cooperating with said recess to define an annular rib, said container including an annular shoulder at a lower elevation than said grove, said annular shoulder having an external diameter greater than said lip; and a synthetic plastic closure member adapted to close said neck portion, said closure member including a cap portion having an upper horizontal portion, a dependent annular flange portion attached to the outer peripheral edge of said upper portion, said flange portion having an inner circumferential surface and being adapted for concentric arrangement about said neck portion, the inner circumferential surface of the flange portion including a first annular bead arranged for engagement with said recess, an annular tear strip portion extending outwardly in its dependence from and being removably connected with the lower edge of said flange portion, said tear strip portion including a generally tubular discontinuous sleeve portion being arranged on an outside circumference of said tear strip portion, the lower end surface of said sleeve portion being in seated engage-ment with the upper surface of said annular shoulder when said cap portion closes said neck portion and a continuous annular second bead being arranged on the inner circumference of said tear strip portion and protruding inwardly from said tear strip portion subsantially as far as the first annular bead for engage-ment with said groove, whereby removal of the closure member is effected by tearing the tear strip portion from the flange portion at a point initiated at said continuous annular second bead portion where a discontinuity exists in said discontinuous sleeve portion.
a synthetic plastic container member having an upper neck portion, said neck portion having an outer periphery contain-ing a recess defining thereabove an annular lip, said neck portion further having an annular groove at a lower elevation than said recess, said annular groove cooperating with said recess to define an annular rib, said container including an annular shoulder at a lower elevation than said grove, said annular shoulder having an external diameter greater than said lip; and a synthetic plastic closure member adapted to close said neck portion, said closure member including a cap portion having an upper horizontal portion, a dependent annular flange portion attached to the outer peripheral edge of said upper portion, said flange portion having an inner circumferential surface and being adapted for concentric arrangement about said neck portion, the inner circumferential surface of the flange portion including a first annular bead arranged for engagement with said recess, an annular tear strip portion extending outwardly in its dependence from and being removably connected with the lower edge of said flange portion, said tear strip portion including a generally tubular discontinuous sleeve portion being arranged on an outside circumference of said tear strip portion, the lower end surface of said sleeve portion being in seated engage-ment with the upper surface of said annular shoulder when said cap portion closes said neck portion and a continuous annular second bead being arranged on the inner circumference of said tear strip portion and protruding inwardly from said tear strip portion subsantially as far as the first annular bead for engage-ment with said groove, whereby removal of the closure member is effected by tearing the tear strip portion from the flange portion at a point initiated at said continuous annular second bead portion where a discontinuity exists in said discontinuous sleeve portion.
2. A container and closure as claimed in claim 1, wherein said tear strip portion is connected with the lower edge of said flange portion by a synthetic plastic membrane, whereby said tear strip portion is separable from said flange portion by tearing through said membrane.
3. A container and closure as claimed in claim 1, wherein said discontinuous sleeve portion of the tear strip portion has an inside diameter greater than the inside diameter of the lower edge of the flange portion so that a shoulder is formed at said lower edge of said flange portion whereby application of the closure member to the container member is effected without buckling of said flange portion.
4. A container and closure as claimed in claim 1, wherein said discontinuous sleeve portion of the tear strip portion has an inside diameter less than the outside diameter of the upper horizontal portion of the cap portion so that the cap portion does not nest within another cap portion during automatic feeding of the cap portion for application to the upper neck portion of the container member.
5. A container and closure as claimed in claim 2, wherein said closure member further includes pull means for removing the closure member by tearing through said membrane.
6. A container and closure therefor, comprising:
a synthetic plastic container member having an upper neck portion, said neck portion having an outer periphery containing a recess defining thereabove an annular lip, said neck portion further having an annular groove at a lower elevation than said recess, said annular groove cooperating with said recess to define an annular rib, said container including an annular shoulder at a lower elevation than said groove, said annular shoulder having an external diameter greater than said lip; and a synthetic plastic closure member adapted to close said neck portion, said closure member including a cap portion having an upper horizontal portion, a dependant annular flange portion attached to the outer peripheral edge of said upper portion, said flange portion having an inner circumferential surface and being adapted for concentric arrangement about said neck portion, the inner circumferential surface of the flange portion including a first annular bead arranged for engagement with said recess, an annular tear strip portion extending out-wardly in its dependence from and being removably connected with the lower edge of said flange portion, said tear strip portion including a generally tubular discontinuous sleeve portion having an inner circumference, the lower end surface of said sleeve portion being in seated engagement with the upper surface of said annular shoulder when said cap portion closes said neck portion and a continuous second annular bead protruding inwardly substantially as far as the first annular bead and being arranged on the inner circumference of said sleeve portion for engagement with said groove, said discontinuous sleeve portion of the tear strip portion having an inside diameter greater that the inside diameter of the lower edge of the flange portion, whereby application of the closure member to the container member is effected without buckling of said flange portion and whereby removal of the closure member is effected by tearing the tear strip portion from the flange portion.
a synthetic plastic container member having an upper neck portion, said neck portion having an outer periphery containing a recess defining thereabove an annular lip, said neck portion further having an annular groove at a lower elevation than said recess, said annular groove cooperating with said recess to define an annular rib, said container including an annular shoulder at a lower elevation than said groove, said annular shoulder having an external diameter greater than said lip; and a synthetic plastic closure member adapted to close said neck portion, said closure member including a cap portion having an upper horizontal portion, a dependant annular flange portion attached to the outer peripheral edge of said upper portion, said flange portion having an inner circumferential surface and being adapted for concentric arrangement about said neck portion, the inner circumferential surface of the flange portion including a first annular bead arranged for engagement with said recess, an annular tear strip portion extending out-wardly in its dependence from and being removably connected with the lower edge of said flange portion, said tear strip portion including a generally tubular discontinuous sleeve portion having an inner circumference, the lower end surface of said sleeve portion being in seated engagement with the upper surface of said annular shoulder when said cap portion closes said neck portion and a continuous second annular bead protruding inwardly substantially as far as the first annular bead and being arranged on the inner circumference of said sleeve portion for engagement with said groove, said discontinuous sleeve portion of the tear strip portion having an inside diameter greater that the inside diameter of the lower edge of the flange portion, whereby application of the closure member to the container member is effected without buckling of said flange portion and whereby removal of the closure member is effected by tearing the tear strip portion from the flange portion.
7. A container and closure as claimed in claim 6, wherein said tear strip portion is connected with the lower edge of said flange portion by a synthetic plastic membrane, whereby said tear strip portion is separable from said flange portion by tearing through said membrane.
8. A container and closure as claimed in claim 7, wherein said closure member further includes pull means for removing the closure member by tearing through said membrane.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000340004A CA1137029A (en) | 1979-11-16 | 1979-11-16 | Tamper proof container |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000340004A CA1137029A (en) | 1979-11-16 | 1979-11-16 | Tamper proof container |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1137029A true CA1137029A (en) | 1982-12-07 |
Family
ID=4115637
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000340004A Expired CA1137029A (en) | 1979-11-16 | 1979-11-16 | Tamper proof container |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1137029A (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4815620A (en) * | 1987-09-25 | 1989-03-28 | Cap Snap, Inc. | Tamper-evident cap having plural diameters |
| US4828128A (en) * | 1988-05-06 | 1989-05-09 | Cap Snap Co. | Cap for motor oil container |
| US4844268A (en) * | 1987-09-25 | 1989-07-04 | Cap Snap Co. | Tamper-evident cap and neck structure |
| US4951830A (en) * | 1983-06-24 | 1990-08-28 | Cochrane Benjamin A | Snap-on closure with corking skirt |
| USRE33764E (en) * | 1983-06-24 | 1991-12-10 | Press-on cap and seal |
-
1979
- 1979-11-16 CA CA000340004A patent/CA1137029A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4951830A (en) * | 1983-06-24 | 1990-08-28 | Cochrane Benjamin A | Snap-on closure with corking skirt |
| USRE33764E (en) * | 1983-06-24 | 1991-12-10 | Press-on cap and seal | |
| US4815620A (en) * | 1987-09-25 | 1989-03-28 | Cap Snap, Inc. | Tamper-evident cap having plural diameters |
| US4844268A (en) * | 1987-09-25 | 1989-07-04 | Cap Snap Co. | Tamper-evident cap and neck structure |
| US4828128A (en) * | 1988-05-06 | 1989-05-09 | Cap Snap Co. | Cap for motor oil container |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |