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CA1131999A - Seed drill having disc shares - Google Patents

Seed drill having disc shares

Info

Publication number
CA1131999A
CA1131999A CA354,159A CA354159A CA1131999A CA 1131999 A CA1131999 A CA 1131999A CA 354159 A CA354159 A CA 354159A CA 1131999 A CA1131999 A CA 1131999A
Authority
CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
share
discs
rollers
travel
holders
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
CA354,159A
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Heinz Dreyer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Amazonen Werke H Dreyer SE and Co KG
Original Assignee
Amazonen Werke H Dreyer SE and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Amazonen Werke H Dreyer SE and Co KG filed Critical Amazonen Werke H Dreyer SE and Co KG
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CA1131999A publication Critical patent/CA1131999A/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C7/00Sowing
    • A01C7/20Parts of seeders for conducting and depositing seed
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C5/00Making or covering furrows or holes for sowing, planting or manuring
    • A01C5/06Machines for making or covering drills or furrows for sowing or planting

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Sowing (AREA)
  • Soil Working Implements (AREA)

Abstract

ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE

A seed drill having disc shares which are mounted rotatably in holders arranged to move in a vertical plane, the individual share discs being at an acute angle to the direction of travel, characterized in that means, for holding down the soil lifted by the share discs, and connected to the holders, are provided, the means each comprising a roller, the lower part of the periphery thereof, acting as a guide surface, being located above the depth of penetration into the soil established for the share discs, and the means being arranged close to the outer sides of the share discs which run at an angle to the direction of travel.

Description

113~99 This invention relates to a seed drill having disc shares which are mounted rotatably in holders arranged to move in a vertical plane, the individual share discs being at an acute angle to the direction of travel.
A seed drill of this kind is already known from German OS 19 36 685. In this seed drill, the discs shares each consist of two discs spaced laterally from each other, behind which are arranged rotatably mounted pressure rollers which close the seed furrows produced by the individual share discs.
In spite of this arrangement, the known seed drill has the disadvantage that the seed furrows are often not closed in such a manner that all of the seeds placed in the furrows receive a covering of soil enough to ensure uniform germination. This is attributable to the fact that, especially at high operating speeds or when the soil is very wet, soil coming into contact with the outside of the share discs, which ` are at an angle to the direction of travel, is lifted so high, is turned over, and is slung laterally away from the furrows in such a manner that it is at least not fully trapped by the pressure rollers and forced back into the open furrows.
As a result of this, seeds placed in these furrows are not adequately covered. In areas of low rain~all where the furrows dry out, the seeds lack the soil cover required for growth and large crop losses are unavoidable.
Especially where so-called direct sowing is used, as in countries where the rainfall is low, for which the known seed drill is intended, another disadvantage arises. When this method is used, it is customary, in order to achieve satis-factory growth of the seed, to kill off any vegetation, re-maining in the untilled fields from the previous crop, by means of herbicides, either just before seeding or just before ,. ..

the seeds start to sprout. If damage is to be avoided, these chemicals must not come into contact with the seeds. Now, since the earth is lifted by the share discs and turned over, if the herbicide is applied before seeding, the vegetation carrying it thus rests face down upon the soil or in the furrows, some of it being pressed by the rollers onto the seeds placed in the furrows. In this way, large quantities of herbicide may be spread over the area containing the seeds, so that the seedlings inevitably come into contact therewith and their development is at least considerably impaired.
If, however, the herbicide is applied after seeding, just before the seed starts to sprout, in order to kill off also the weeds arising from the weed seeds disturbed by the share discs during seeding, it is impossible to prevent seeds, lying uncovered in the inadequately closed seed furrows, from coming into direct con-tact with the herbicide. This again results in damage leading to reduced yields.
Another considerable disadvantage, apart from the use of herbicides, is that the dead straw left after the pre-ceding harvest, and any dead and also very tough parts ofvegetation which has grown since the last harvest, are forced into the soil by the share discs. Seeds then came to rest upon this material, so that even if the furrows are properly closed, they cannot receive the cover required for their growth. These disadvantages of the known seed drill lead to greatly reduced yields, especially if there is little rainfall during the vegetation period.
Now it is the purpose of the invention, with all of the conditions arising during the tilling of fields and, more particularly, when direct sowing is used, to ensure that soil lifted by the share discs falls back unturned into the seed furrows, after they have been seeded, thus providing adequate 1131~39 soil cover to enable the seeds to grow, According -to the invention, this purpose is achieved in that means for holding down the soil lifted by the share discs, and connected to holders, are provided, the said means each co~prising a roller, the lower part of the periphery thereof, acting as a guide surface, being located above the depth of penetration into the soil established for the said share discs, and the said means extending closely adjacent the outsides of the individual share discs running at an angle to the direction of travel of the seed drill.
As a result of this arrangement, any soil picked up by the share discs is lifted so slightly that it falls back into the seed furrows, behind the discs, without turning, and closes them. Another highly satisfactory result is that any vegetation lying upon the ground is clamped, as it is pressed into the soil by the share discs, between the soil lifted and the guide surfaces of the rollers, thus springing back upwardly " for a short distance on the back of the share discs. This produces gaps between the pieces of vegetation, through which the seeds can fall to the bottom of the furrows, which consist mainly of soil, and thus acquire the desired soil cover.
Another advantage is that the said vegetation, now located above the seeds, at least makes it more difficult for the soil to dry out. Finally, if the said hold down means are equipped with rollers mounted to rotate freely, it is impossible for vegetation and clumps of earth to become jammed between the said rollers and share discs.
The hold down means are particularly effective if the axes of rotation of the rollers are located, as seen in the direction of travel, after the axes of rotation of the share discs which are mounted on the same holders.

If the rollers are adjustable in height on the holders, they may also act as elements restricting the depth of penetration of the share discs into the soil. In order to achieve satisfactory operation of the hold down means even over extremely rocky ground, resilient elements acting towards the ground are provided, according to the invention, between the said rollers and holders.
For the purpose of covering seeds sown in particular-ly wet soil, it is also desirable for the angle between the rollers and the direction of travel, and that the between the share discs and the direction of travel, to be different.
Since the angle between the rollers and the direction of travel is greater than that between the share discs and the direction of travel, under unfavourable conditions, even with substantial amounts of vegetation lying upon the ground, not only will pieces of this vegetation be prevented from becoming clamped between the share discs and the rollers, but there will also be a not inconsiderable improvement in the clamping action of the said rollers upon the pieces of vegetation.
Finally, the holders comprise, according to the invention, struts running, in a manner known per se from German OS 25 05 017, in two transverse rows lying one above the other and at least approximately parallel with each other, with pressure rollers, located after the share discs, being attached thereto. This arrangement assures, even over irregular ground, the desirable constant position of the rollers of the hold down means and pressure rollers for satisfactory functioning of the said hold down means and uniform depth of penetration of the share discs.
In one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a seed drill for use on soil having disc shares with outer sides which shares are mounted rotatably in holders arranged to move in a vertical plane, the individual share discs being at an acute angle to the direction 11319~9 of travel, characterized in that means, for holding down the soil lifted by the share discs, and connected to holders, are provided, the said means each comprising a roller, the lower part of the periphery thereof, acting as a guide surface, being located above the depth of penetration into the soil established for the said share discs, and the said means being arranged close to the outer sides of the said share discs which run at an angle to the direction of travel.
In a further aspect of the present invention, there 1~ - is provided a drill plough with disc-shares which are mounted to rotate in holders arranged to move in a vertical plane, the share-discs whereof, arranged at a distance from each other, form an acute angle to the direction of travel, while the depth of penetration, into the ground, of the depth-guidance elements, arranged behind the said share-discs, is ~adjustable, characterized in that hold-down devices, connected to the holders are provided for the clods of earth lifted by the share-discs, each of the said hold down devices com-prising a roller the~lower part of the circumference of which, acting as a guiding surface, is located above the depth of penetration into the ground provided for the said share-discs and is arranged close to the outer side of the in-dividual share-discs, which are arranged at an angle to the direction of travel; in that the axes of rotation of the rollers are located, as seen in the direction of travel, behind the axes of rotation~of the share-discs on the same ; holders, and in that the angles ~o~,~ ), between the rollers and share-discs and the direction of travel are different, the angle ( ~ ) of the rollers being larger than the angle : 30 (~ ) of the share-discs.

,' ~J

1131~9 The invention is explained hereinafter in greater detail, in conjunction with the drawing attached hereto, and which illustrate the invention by way of example wherein:
Fig. 1 is a partial side elevation, in longitudinal section, of a seed drill according to the invention, Fig. 2 is a section along the line II-II in Fig. 1, showing the arrangement of two share discs.
The seed drill comprises a frame 1 upon which is arranged a number of holders 2 designed in the form of parallel-ograms and adapted to move in a vertical plane~ Each of these holders has two upper and two lower struts 3,4 running parallel with each other, the front ends of which are secured pivotably to the said frame by means of pins 5, while the rear ends thereof are secured pivotably to holder part 7 by means of pins 6. Located below holder part 7 is a longitudinal carrier 8 with a disc share 9 mounted rotatably at the front end thereof. Share disc 9 consists of two disc shares 10 which are arranged in the shape of a V in relation to each other and are at an acute angle ~ to the direction of travel indi-cated by arrow 11. Moreover, the distance A between the centres of the said share discs corresponds to the distances between the rows of seeds to be sown.
A hold down means 12 is provided on holder part 7 for each share di=c 10, the =aid mean= compri=ing a tubular ~
.

-5a-1~31999 part 13 which is displaceable in a bearing tube 14 connected rigidly to holder part 7 and which can be locked at different heights by means of eye bolts 15. Arranged displaceably in tubular part 13 is a guide rod 16, the upper end of which carries a disc shaped stop 17, while a bent shaft 18 is welded to the lower end. Mounted rotatably at the free end of this shaft is a roller 19 which is located close to outer side 20, running at an angle to the direction of travel 11, of share disc 10, forming with the said direction of travel an angle of incidence ~ which is somewhat larger than angle of incidence of share disc 10. Furthermore, axes of rotation 21 of rollers 19 are located, as seen in the direction of travel 11, behind axes of rotation 22 of share discs 10.
Arranged on each guide rod 16, between shaft 18 and tubular part 13, is a resilient element 23 in the form of a compression spring acting in the direction of the ground 24, allowing rollers 19 to pass resiliently over any obstacles on the ground. Finally, each roller 19 is in a position in which the lower part of outer periphery 26 thereof, which acts as a guide surface 25, is above the depth of penetration into the 90il required for share discs 10.
The depth of penetration of disc shares 9 into the soil is determined by pressure rollers 27, one of which is arranged rotatably, behind each share disc 10, upon longitudinal carrier 8. The depth of penetration may be varied by means of adjusting spindle 28 secured to frame 1, by means of which pins 5 in upper struts 3 may be pivoted towards or against the direction of travel 11. This causes holder part 7 to pivot, thus changing the height of pressure rollers 27 in relation ~ 30 to share discs 10.
As shown in Fig. 1, when the machine is in operation, seed in storage tank 29 is fed in adjustable quantities, 11319~9 through metering mechanism 30 and hose 31, to share discs 10.
Individual seeds 32 drop thence into furrows 33 produced by share discs 10. Earth 34, displaced laterally and carried along upwardly by the said share discs as the furrows are produced, with pieces of vegetation 35, comes under rollers 19 and is thus prevented from turning, Thus when this earth falls back into seed furrows 23, vegetation 35 lies above seeds 32.

Claims (3)

The embodiments of the invention in which an exclusive property or privilege is claimed are defined as follows:
1. A drill plough with disc-shares which are mounted to rotate in holders arranged to move in a vertical plane, the share-discs whereof, arranged at a distance from each other, form an acute angle to the direction of travel, while the depth of penetration, into the ground, of the depth-guidance elements, arranged behind the said share-discs, is adjustable, characterized in that hold down devices, connected to the holders are provided for the clods of earth lifted by the share-discs, each of the said hold down devices comprising a roller the lower part of the circumference of which, acting as a guiding surface, is located above the depth of penetration into the ground provided for the said share-discs and is arranged close to the outer side of the individual share-discs, which are arranged at an angle to the direction of travel: in that the axes of rotation of the rollers are located, as seen in the direction of travel, behind the axes of rotation of the share-discs on the same holders; and in that the angles (.alpha.,.beta.), between the rollers and share-discs and the direction of travel are different, the angle (.beta.) of the rollers being larger than the angle (.alpha.) of the share-discs.
2. A seed drill according to claim 1, characterized in that the rollers are adjustable in height in the holders.
3. A seed drill according to claim 2, characterized in that resilient elements, acting towards the soil, are arranged between the rollers and holders.
CA354,159A 1979-06-27 1980-06-17 Seed drill having disc shares Expired CA1131999A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19792925838 DE2925838C3 (en) 1979-06-27 1979-06-27 Seed drill with disc coulters
DEP2925838.6 1979-06-27

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CA1131999A true CA1131999A (en) 1982-09-21

Family

ID=6074232

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CA354,159A Expired CA1131999A (en) 1979-06-27 1980-06-17 Seed drill having disc shares

Country Status (2)

Country Link
CA (1) CA1131999A (en)
DE (1) DE2925838C3 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5357884A (en) * 1992-07-08 1994-10-25 F.P. Bourgault Industries Air Seeder Division Ltd. All purpose coulter drill

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4760806A (en) * 1986-05-22 1988-08-02 Deere & Company Conservation opener
IT1252848B (en) * 1991-11-04 1995-06-28 Gaspardo Spa SORTING DEVICE FOR DIRECT SOWING
US5595130A (en) * 1995-02-06 1997-01-21 Baugher; Roger D. Planting unit
AUPQ956000A0 (en) * 2000-08-21 2000-09-14 Bitza Research Pty Ltd Agricultural apparatus

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1218785A (en) * 1968-07-20 1971-01-13 Samuel Moore Improved method and means for agricultural seeding
DE2006052C3 (en) * 1970-02-11 1978-08-31 Deere & Co., Moline, Ill. (V.St.A.), Niederlassung Deere & Co. European Office, 6800 Mannheim Furrow openers for sowing and planting machines
DE2552810B2 (en) * 1975-11-25 1978-04-20 Amazonen-Werke H. Dreyer Gmbh & Co Kg, 4507 Hasbergen Machine for spreading seeds and fertilizers
DE2814883C3 (en) * 1978-04-06 1982-02-04 Amazonen-Werke H. Dreyer Gmbh & Co Kg, 4507 Hasbergen Seed drill with disc coulters

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5357884A (en) * 1992-07-08 1994-10-25 F.P. Bourgault Industries Air Seeder Division Ltd. All purpose coulter drill

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2925838B2 (en) 1982-03-04
DE2925838A1 (en) 1981-01-15
DE2925838C3 (en) 1982-10-21

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