CA1123159A - Process and a composition for the insulation of surfaces, and product hereby obtained - Google Patents
Process and a composition for the insulation of surfaces, and product hereby obtainedInfo
- Publication number
- CA1123159A CA1123159A CA294,590A CA294590A CA1123159A CA 1123159 A CA1123159 A CA 1123159A CA 294590 A CA294590 A CA 294590A CA 1123159 A CA1123159 A CA 1123159A
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Abstract
Abstract: The invention relates to a process for insulating surfaces for the purpose of preventing or reducing occurrence of condensation on the surface, comprising applying to the surface a layer of a coating composition containing a binder and, distributed therein, granules of an expanded inorganic material having a bulk density of at least 150 kgs/m3. The invention also provides for a composition suitable for carrying out such process, comprising a binder and granules of an expanded inorganic material of the nature indicated.
Description
:~Z315~31 The present inventlon relates to a proces~
and a composltion for the insulation of surfaces, preferably uninsulated sur~aces, ~or the purpose o~ preventing or reducing the ~ormation o~ oondensate on khe s~rface.
A long-standlng problem has been the forma~ion of condensates on the interior surface of uninsulated roofs and walls usually found in high-volume buildings, such as storage spaces, hangars, halls of different kinds etc. Many attempts have been made to solve this difficult problem mani~esting itself in the formation of condensate to such an extent that run o~ by dropping or coherent flow will result. The problem ~s multi-faceted, since the solution of the problem by appl~cation of different forms of insulating materials in turn results in phenomena in the form o~ problems of the supporting ability Or the construction, corrosion between support and insulation, increase ln constructional costs etc. Moreover9 ~t is desirable on the one hand to apply the insulation in connection with the manufacture of the building material in ~uestion and on the other hand to apply the insulation on existing constructions ln a simple manner without need for dlsassembling the construction.
In an attempt to solve the problem of the formation of condensate~ compositions have been prepared includin~ binder and so-called diatomite, i.e. the naturally occurring material kieselguhr, and some advantageous ef~ects have been obtained but the problem has not up to no~
received a satisfactory solution. Among the disadvantage~
connected wlth these prior art compositions it can be mentioned that theg require relatively high contents of
and a composltion for the insulation of surfaces, preferably uninsulated sur~aces, ~or the purpose o~ preventing or reducing the ~ormation o~ oondensate on khe s~rface.
A long-standlng problem has been the forma~ion of condensates on the interior surface of uninsulated roofs and walls usually found in high-volume buildings, such as storage spaces, hangars, halls of different kinds etc. Many attempts have been made to solve this difficult problem mani~esting itself in the formation of condensate to such an extent that run o~ by dropping or coherent flow will result. The problem ~s multi-faceted, since the solution of the problem by appl~cation of different forms of insulating materials in turn results in phenomena in the form o~ problems of the supporting ability Or the construction, corrosion between support and insulation, increase ln constructional costs etc. Moreover9 ~t is desirable on the one hand to apply the insulation in connection with the manufacture of the building material in ~uestion and on the other hand to apply the insulation on existing constructions ln a simple manner without need for dlsassembling the construction.
In an attempt to solve the problem of the formation of condensate~ compositions have been prepared includin~ binder and so-called diatomite, i.e. the naturally occurring material kieselguhr, and some advantageous ef~ects have been obtained but the problem has not up to no~
received a satisfactory solution. Among the disadvantage~
connected wlth these prior art compositions it can be mentioned that theg require relatively high contents of
-2-~l~l23~59 ir.organic materials, that in view of the formation of cracks the composition must contain a fibre material, and that the drying does not proceed in a satisfactory way, especially at high layer thickness.
One purpose of the present invention is to provide a process and a composition for insulating uninsulated surfaces for the purpose of prevent-ing or reducing occurrence of condensation on the surfaces while at the same time avoiding the disadvantages associated with the prior art.
In connection with the present invention it has surprisingly shown that this purpose can be obtained by applying to the surface to be insulated a layer of a coating composition including binder, optionally together with solvent, and granules of an expanded, inorganic material distributed therein. m e expression "binder, optionally together with solvent" refers to an inherently liquid binder or a binder dissolved or dispersed in a liquid phase.
In one aspect the present invention provides a process for insulating surfaces exposed to temperature and humidity conditions which tend to cause condensation thereon, which co~prises applying to the surface for the purpose of preventing or reducing occurrence of condensation on the surface, a thin layer of a non-cementitious coating composition containing a film~forming, resinous binder dispersed in a liquid vehicle having distributed therein, granules of an expanded, insoluble inorganic material, having a bulk density of at most 150 kgs/m3, said layer having a thickness not greater than about 10 mm.
In another aspect the invention provides a sprayable composition for insulating an uninsulated surface for the purpose of preventing or reducing occurrence of condensation on the surface, which comprises a resinous binder dispersed in a liquid vehicle having distributed therein, granules of an expanded, insoluble inorganic material having a bulk density of at most 150 kgs/m3, said composition having a consistency such that it can be sprayed onto the under surface of a substrate.
~, 15~
m e problem of crack formation associated with the prior art having for a result that hitherto it has been necessary to include in the compositions applied some form of fibre material, for instance asbestos, is satisfactorily solved by this invention. Thus, it is fcund that the use of an exFanded, inorganic material in conformity with the technique of this invention gives the result that the fibre mHterial of the prior art can be completely excluded without the material showing tendency to crack-formation after application. While the invention is not to be bound to any particular theory it seems that -3a-~%31~g the rough surface of the expanded inorganic materlal results in the necessary binding in the covering layer. The roughness also results in the advantage that the moisture absorption is improved in view of the enlargement of the surface resulting from the roughness of the granules.
The application according to the invention can be carried out either in connection with the preparation of the material to be made sub~ect to insulation or can be carried out on existing building constructions.
Depending on the material to be insulated or coated, for instance metal sheet, inorganic materlals, such as eternite, plastic materials or mortars, it may be advantageous for the binding of the insulating material to the substrate to apply a so-called primer to the surface before the applica-tion of the insulating material. The insulating material in the form of a coating composition is applied to the surface in question to a certain desired thickness, for instance 0.5-10 mm and preferably about 1-5 mm. The composition can be applied in any manner, for instance by coating, rolling or by spraying, and the latter procedure is preferred in connection with application of the composition on existing constructions.
The expanded inorganic material distributed in the composition in the form of granules can have a varying bulk density, and quite generally it is to prefer that the bulk density is less than about 150 kgs~m3. A preferred range is 20-150 kgs~m3 and the range 50-90 kgs~m3 is particularly preferred. Different inorganic materials are conceivable, but a particularly preferred material is so-called perlite, which is a mineral existing in nature and consisting of ~;23~9 liparite or quartz porphyry glass. This natural material of a volcanic origin contains confined water, and when the material is crushed and heat treated it expands heavily in view of ~he evaporization of the water and occupies a substantially enlarged volume.
By using an expanded inorganic material in granule form in conformity with the present invention, surprisingly good anti-condensation characteristics are obtained at relatively low contents of granulate. A
preferred range is 5-20 percent by weight based on the composition before application~ particularly 8-15 percent by weight and especially about 10 percent by weight. The granulate is preferably not too fine-grained, since it has shown that relatively coarse granules impart particularly good absorption characteristics to the coating applied. A
grain size o~ up to a few millimeters thus gives excellent results, and the range up to about 1.5 mm is particularly preferred. The lcwer limit with regard to the grain size is not critical but the fraction of fines should, of course, not be too high in view of the fact that this results in practical inconveniences in the form of dusting and the like. A practical lower limit with regard to grain si~e can be said to be about 0.01 mm.
The compositions of this invention contain suitably, in addition to liquid, dissolved or dispersed binder, and expanded Kranules distributed therein, a wetting agent by which the granules have been pretreated. This wetting a~ent treatment results in an improved moisture-ab-sorbing ability of the final insulating coating. Wetting 0 agent is supplied in relatively small amounts, suitably in ~l23~9 an amount of from about 0.2-2 per~ent ~y we~ht based on the compositlon~
In addition to sald constituents the composition may contain a pigment of the desired type, for instance a white pigment, such as Ti~2, or a coloured pigment, such as iron oxide red, iron oxide yellow, chromohydroxide green, phthalocyanine blue, phthalocyanine green, soot etc. in dependence on the colour desired. To fill up the cavities between the granules it is suitable to lnclude in the composition also a so-called extender, which can consist of talcum, calcium carbonate, microdolomite, SiO2 or chaoline.
The amounts of extender and plgment are not critical and are adjusted in relation to the composition of the material.
A suitable range of each is about 3-15 percent by weight based on the weight of the composition before lts appllcation.
Any conventional binder of the art of dyes can be used as a binder. The binder may, of course, be selected in accordance with the particular application, the desired fire-resistency etc., but the character of the binder is not critical for providing the desired effect of preventing formation of condensate. Among suitable blnders there may be mentioned homo-or copolymerisates dispersible or emulsiflable in water, for instance of the type polyvinyl acetate or polyvinyl acrylate. Moreover, homo- or copolymerisates dissolved in a solvent may be mentioned. Furthermore, oxldatively drying binders, for instance vegetabilic oils, such as linseed oil, alkydes, etc.
Another type of binder is the curing type of binder, for instance two-component systems, such as epoxy binders.
~: .
~23~sg When a particularly pronounced flre-resistancy is deslrable inorganic binders can be used~ for instance of the water glass type. When in this disclosure it is said that the composition includes binder and solvent it is meant that the composition may contain only binder and solvent included therein or binder together with further solvent.
The invention also covers the finally lnsulated product, i.e. substrate together with insulating coating.
In the following the invention will be ~urther described by non-limiting examples.
Example 1.
A coating composition was prepared in the ~ollowing manner:
Chloro caoutchouc (Alloprene ~ R10, ICI~
England) having a viscosi~y of 10 centipois (10.5 parts by weight) together with chlorinated paraffin (Cerechlor ~ 2, ICI, England) as a plasticizer (6.o parts by welght) is dissolved in xylene as a solvent (19.5 percent by weight).
In the solution obtained TiO2 is dispersed as pigment ~5 parts by weight) together with talcum, 20 ium, as an e~tender (11.5 parts by weight). In parallel herewith there is prepared a mixture of xylene as a solvent (34.0 parts by weight)~ soya lecithin as a wetting agent (1.0 part by wcight) and a granulate of Perlite, bulk density 60-70 kgs/m3, (10 parts by weight).
The above components prepared separately are mixed to a coating composition, which can be applied by spraying with a spray gun. The coating composition was applied underneath to an uninsulated roof of iron sheet liZ3~5~
subjected to temperature variations within the range -10 to +20C on the outer side and -6 to +18C on the inside at a relative humidity varying between 60 and 95 ~.
The composition was applied to a thickness of about 1.5 mm~
and on the coated surfaces no condensation can be seen in the form of dropping from the roof, which normally constitutes a difficult problem in connection with roofs in an uninsulated state. The effect obtained by using the coating composition according to the invention is in principle based on two effects, namel~ the effect due to the insulating and water-absorbing characteristics of the layer. If at extreme conditions condensat-lon occurs on the coating, the moisture is distributed in the surface layer without dropping occurring, and the moisture may pass over 5 later on to the surrounding at a lower atmospheric humidity.
The granules (Perlite) used in this example have the following approximate chemical composition:
Silica SiO2 71-75 percent by weight Alumina A1203 12.5-1~
Potassium oxide K20 4-5 " "
Sodium oxide Na20 2.9-4 " "
Calcium oxide CaO 0,5-2 " "
Iron oxide Fe203 0.5-1.5 " "
~agnesia MgO 0.1-0.5 " "
Total chlorides maximum 0.2 " "
The partlcle size of the granules lies within the range 0-1.5 mm. Preferred weight ranges and preferred weight fraction for the constituents of the instant example are given in the table below.
:
~IZ31~;9 Per~cent by weight Range Preferably about Chloro caoutchouc 15-40 30 Chlorlnated paraffine 2-10 6 Titanium dioxide 3-15 5 Talcum 5-15 11.5 Xylene 20-~40 34 Soya lecithin 0.5-2 Granulate (Perlite) 5-15 12.5 Example 2 In this example a composition is prepared starting from two components in the same manner as in Example 1, the first component being prepared starting from the following constituents:
Water 10,0 percent by weight Hydroxyethyl cellulose 2%-vlsc,adjust tNartosol ~ HR, Hercules AB, 5weden) 10.0 ~ "
NH40H pH adjusted to pH 8 Polyphosphate wetting/dispersing agent 0.1 n Polyglycol ester emulsifier (Arkopal*
N-090*, Hoechst AG, Germany West) 0.5 " 1l "
Antifoam agent (antifoam Troy 999*, Troy, USA~ 0 5 Ethylene glycol 3.0 l~ -Tio2 Pigment 5.0 1l " "
Talcum - 20 ~m 8.0 " " "
Vinyl-acrylic copolymer (Mowllith 5152-5*, Hoechst AG, Germany ~est) 50 % solids in H2O 40.0 " " "
The second component is the same type of *Trade Mark
One purpose of the present invention is to provide a process and a composition for insulating uninsulated surfaces for the purpose of prevent-ing or reducing occurrence of condensation on the surfaces while at the same time avoiding the disadvantages associated with the prior art.
In connection with the present invention it has surprisingly shown that this purpose can be obtained by applying to the surface to be insulated a layer of a coating composition including binder, optionally together with solvent, and granules of an expanded, inorganic material distributed therein. m e expression "binder, optionally together with solvent" refers to an inherently liquid binder or a binder dissolved or dispersed in a liquid phase.
In one aspect the present invention provides a process for insulating surfaces exposed to temperature and humidity conditions which tend to cause condensation thereon, which co~prises applying to the surface for the purpose of preventing or reducing occurrence of condensation on the surface, a thin layer of a non-cementitious coating composition containing a film~forming, resinous binder dispersed in a liquid vehicle having distributed therein, granules of an expanded, insoluble inorganic material, having a bulk density of at most 150 kgs/m3, said layer having a thickness not greater than about 10 mm.
In another aspect the invention provides a sprayable composition for insulating an uninsulated surface for the purpose of preventing or reducing occurrence of condensation on the surface, which comprises a resinous binder dispersed in a liquid vehicle having distributed therein, granules of an expanded, insoluble inorganic material having a bulk density of at most 150 kgs/m3, said composition having a consistency such that it can be sprayed onto the under surface of a substrate.
~, 15~
m e problem of crack formation associated with the prior art having for a result that hitherto it has been necessary to include in the compositions applied some form of fibre material, for instance asbestos, is satisfactorily solved by this invention. Thus, it is fcund that the use of an exFanded, inorganic material in conformity with the technique of this invention gives the result that the fibre mHterial of the prior art can be completely excluded without the material showing tendency to crack-formation after application. While the invention is not to be bound to any particular theory it seems that -3a-~%31~g the rough surface of the expanded inorganic materlal results in the necessary binding in the covering layer. The roughness also results in the advantage that the moisture absorption is improved in view of the enlargement of the surface resulting from the roughness of the granules.
The application according to the invention can be carried out either in connection with the preparation of the material to be made sub~ect to insulation or can be carried out on existing building constructions.
Depending on the material to be insulated or coated, for instance metal sheet, inorganic materlals, such as eternite, plastic materials or mortars, it may be advantageous for the binding of the insulating material to the substrate to apply a so-called primer to the surface before the applica-tion of the insulating material. The insulating material in the form of a coating composition is applied to the surface in question to a certain desired thickness, for instance 0.5-10 mm and preferably about 1-5 mm. The composition can be applied in any manner, for instance by coating, rolling or by spraying, and the latter procedure is preferred in connection with application of the composition on existing constructions.
The expanded inorganic material distributed in the composition in the form of granules can have a varying bulk density, and quite generally it is to prefer that the bulk density is less than about 150 kgs~m3. A preferred range is 20-150 kgs~m3 and the range 50-90 kgs~m3 is particularly preferred. Different inorganic materials are conceivable, but a particularly preferred material is so-called perlite, which is a mineral existing in nature and consisting of ~;23~9 liparite or quartz porphyry glass. This natural material of a volcanic origin contains confined water, and when the material is crushed and heat treated it expands heavily in view of ~he evaporization of the water and occupies a substantially enlarged volume.
By using an expanded inorganic material in granule form in conformity with the present invention, surprisingly good anti-condensation characteristics are obtained at relatively low contents of granulate. A
preferred range is 5-20 percent by weight based on the composition before application~ particularly 8-15 percent by weight and especially about 10 percent by weight. The granulate is preferably not too fine-grained, since it has shown that relatively coarse granules impart particularly good absorption characteristics to the coating applied. A
grain size o~ up to a few millimeters thus gives excellent results, and the range up to about 1.5 mm is particularly preferred. The lcwer limit with regard to the grain size is not critical but the fraction of fines should, of course, not be too high in view of the fact that this results in practical inconveniences in the form of dusting and the like. A practical lower limit with regard to grain si~e can be said to be about 0.01 mm.
The compositions of this invention contain suitably, in addition to liquid, dissolved or dispersed binder, and expanded Kranules distributed therein, a wetting agent by which the granules have been pretreated. This wetting a~ent treatment results in an improved moisture-ab-sorbing ability of the final insulating coating. Wetting 0 agent is supplied in relatively small amounts, suitably in ~l23~9 an amount of from about 0.2-2 per~ent ~y we~ht based on the compositlon~
In addition to sald constituents the composition may contain a pigment of the desired type, for instance a white pigment, such as Ti~2, or a coloured pigment, such as iron oxide red, iron oxide yellow, chromohydroxide green, phthalocyanine blue, phthalocyanine green, soot etc. in dependence on the colour desired. To fill up the cavities between the granules it is suitable to lnclude in the composition also a so-called extender, which can consist of talcum, calcium carbonate, microdolomite, SiO2 or chaoline.
The amounts of extender and plgment are not critical and are adjusted in relation to the composition of the material.
A suitable range of each is about 3-15 percent by weight based on the weight of the composition before lts appllcation.
Any conventional binder of the art of dyes can be used as a binder. The binder may, of course, be selected in accordance with the particular application, the desired fire-resistency etc., but the character of the binder is not critical for providing the desired effect of preventing formation of condensate. Among suitable blnders there may be mentioned homo-or copolymerisates dispersible or emulsiflable in water, for instance of the type polyvinyl acetate or polyvinyl acrylate. Moreover, homo- or copolymerisates dissolved in a solvent may be mentioned. Furthermore, oxldatively drying binders, for instance vegetabilic oils, such as linseed oil, alkydes, etc.
Another type of binder is the curing type of binder, for instance two-component systems, such as epoxy binders.
~: .
~23~sg When a particularly pronounced flre-resistancy is deslrable inorganic binders can be used~ for instance of the water glass type. When in this disclosure it is said that the composition includes binder and solvent it is meant that the composition may contain only binder and solvent included therein or binder together with further solvent.
The invention also covers the finally lnsulated product, i.e. substrate together with insulating coating.
In the following the invention will be ~urther described by non-limiting examples.
Example 1.
A coating composition was prepared in the ~ollowing manner:
Chloro caoutchouc (Alloprene ~ R10, ICI~
England) having a viscosi~y of 10 centipois (10.5 parts by weight) together with chlorinated paraffin (Cerechlor ~ 2, ICI, England) as a plasticizer (6.o parts by welght) is dissolved in xylene as a solvent (19.5 percent by weight).
In the solution obtained TiO2 is dispersed as pigment ~5 parts by weight) together with talcum, 20 ium, as an e~tender (11.5 parts by weight). In parallel herewith there is prepared a mixture of xylene as a solvent (34.0 parts by weight)~ soya lecithin as a wetting agent (1.0 part by wcight) and a granulate of Perlite, bulk density 60-70 kgs/m3, (10 parts by weight).
The above components prepared separately are mixed to a coating composition, which can be applied by spraying with a spray gun. The coating composition was applied underneath to an uninsulated roof of iron sheet liZ3~5~
subjected to temperature variations within the range -10 to +20C on the outer side and -6 to +18C on the inside at a relative humidity varying between 60 and 95 ~.
The composition was applied to a thickness of about 1.5 mm~
and on the coated surfaces no condensation can be seen in the form of dropping from the roof, which normally constitutes a difficult problem in connection with roofs in an uninsulated state. The effect obtained by using the coating composition according to the invention is in principle based on two effects, namel~ the effect due to the insulating and water-absorbing characteristics of the layer. If at extreme conditions condensat-lon occurs on the coating, the moisture is distributed in the surface layer without dropping occurring, and the moisture may pass over 5 later on to the surrounding at a lower atmospheric humidity.
The granules (Perlite) used in this example have the following approximate chemical composition:
Silica SiO2 71-75 percent by weight Alumina A1203 12.5-1~
Potassium oxide K20 4-5 " "
Sodium oxide Na20 2.9-4 " "
Calcium oxide CaO 0,5-2 " "
Iron oxide Fe203 0.5-1.5 " "
~agnesia MgO 0.1-0.5 " "
Total chlorides maximum 0.2 " "
The partlcle size of the granules lies within the range 0-1.5 mm. Preferred weight ranges and preferred weight fraction for the constituents of the instant example are given in the table below.
:
~IZ31~;9 Per~cent by weight Range Preferably about Chloro caoutchouc 15-40 30 Chlorlnated paraffine 2-10 6 Titanium dioxide 3-15 5 Talcum 5-15 11.5 Xylene 20-~40 34 Soya lecithin 0.5-2 Granulate (Perlite) 5-15 12.5 Example 2 In this example a composition is prepared starting from two components in the same manner as in Example 1, the first component being prepared starting from the following constituents:
Water 10,0 percent by weight Hydroxyethyl cellulose 2%-vlsc,adjust tNartosol ~ HR, Hercules AB, 5weden) 10.0 ~ "
NH40H pH adjusted to pH 8 Polyphosphate wetting/dispersing agent 0.1 n Polyglycol ester emulsifier (Arkopal*
N-090*, Hoechst AG, Germany West) 0.5 " 1l "
Antifoam agent (antifoam Troy 999*, Troy, USA~ 0 5 Ethylene glycol 3.0 l~ -Tio2 Pigment 5.0 1l " "
Talcum - 20 ~m 8.0 " " "
Vinyl-acrylic copolymer (Mowllith 5152-5*, Hoechst AG, Germany ~est) 50 % solids in H2O 40.0 " " "
The second component is the same type of *Trade Mark
3~9 granulate as in Example 1 (12~0 parts by weight) in water (10.7 parts by weight) together with a polyphosphate (0 2 parts by weight) as a wettlng and dlspersing agent.
Said two components are intermixed to the formation of a coating composition which in accordance with Example 1 is applied with a spray gun on an uninsulated lron sheet used as a roof and primed. The same advantageous results as in Example 1 are obtained.
The pigment Tio2 used in the above example may be replaced by coloured pigments as desired with regard to the colour of the coating, such as iron oxide red, iron oxide yellow, chromo hydroxide green, phthalocyanine blue, -green, soot etc.
By applying the technique of this invention essential advantages are obtained in connection with insulation of roof or wall construction of current interest. Among these advantages the following may be mentioned:
The layer resulting from the coating composition gives an effective insulation and thus a significantly reduced formation of condensate.
Condensates formed in spite of this are distributed over a larger surface in view of the contents of granules of the material.
The layer results in a certain absorption of moisture, which further reduces the risk that dropping shall occur.
The composition can be applied in one step to form a relatively thick coating without 1~23~S9 any drying proble~s arising~ The composi~
tion need not contain fibre material ln order that cracking shall be avoided, To further illustrate the advantages of the inVention comparing tests have been made, which are presented in the table below:
Ta:ble . Period A ~ C D ~ F G
10 min. _ . _ x _ x _ 15 1- _ _ _ 1.0 x 1.5 x 30 " _ _ _ 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.0 . 45 1l _ _ _ 3.0 4.0 3.5 3.0 1 hour _ _ _ 5.0 7.0 7.5 6.0 2 " _ _ _ 14 15.0 16 15.0 3 " _ x_ test test test test com- com- com- com-¦ _ 2 5 ~ 1.0 plete ~pleted pleted plet d 6 ~' _ 15.0 5.5 ;~
7 11 _ test com- 12.0 pleted 8 " after ~- 20.0 completed testing the surface lS com-.- pletely dry _ In the testing on condensation, the apparatus employed was as described in Ministry of Works~ speciEication D.D.F.
B./lll and consisted o-E several identical copper canisters - 11 - :
!
.~ ,'.
~23~5~
mounted on an iron framework, Each canister was in the form of a cylinder open at the top and closed at the bottom by a right-angled cone. The copper canisters were coated externally with the materials under test to glve coatings of the thicknesses lndicated below. The canisters were attached to the iron framework and then filled with ice and water. Under these conditions ]molsture was grandually deposited on the coating by condensation and commenced to drip from the bottom of the canisters, The drops were caught in measuring cylinders and the amount of water collected was noted periodically. The temperature difference in the tests was 22C, i.e. the dlfference between +25C
being the environmental temperature and ~3C belng the temperature of the lce water used. The relatlve humidity was 60-65 %.
In the table, x refers to the time of the first water drop run off, whereas the flgures refer to the collected amount of water in ml. Moreover, the columns designated A, B ...... G refer to different applled materials.
A is a coating composition according to Example 2 above, whereas B and C consist of kno~n anti-condensation masses based on the use of diatomite. All of these compositions are applied to a layer thickness of about 1.5 mm, D consists of a known glossy latex paint, E of a know~n dull oil paint and F of a known glossy lacquer paint applled to a layer thlckness of 60 ~m. G ls a conventlonal reinforced prlmer applied to a thickness of about 1~2 mm, In order to further show the advantageous character-istics of applying the composltlon of this invention, the composition according to Example 2 above was compared to ~23159 the anti-condensation material described in Swedish patent specification 315,380. The same apparatus was employed as that used in the above presented comparing tests, and the results obtained are illustrated on the appended drawing. In the drawing, run-off water in milliliters is given as a function of the period o1E time from startlng the tests. In the diagram, line A refers to a layer of a conventional iron oxide primer applied to a thickness of about 1~2 mm. Lines B, C and D refer to the material described in Swedish patent specification 315,380, i.e.
glass fibre mats having a thickness of 20 mm, 1.0 mm and 0.5 mm, respectively. Finally, line E re~ers to a layer of the anti-condensation composition according to Example 2 above in accordance wlth the present invention.
It is clearly seen from the diagra~ that the composition of this invention is outstanding in that dripping starts later than when using the prior art materials, and also the run-off rate does not increase by increasing time but remains essentially constant.
~ 13 -"
Said two components are intermixed to the formation of a coating composition which in accordance with Example 1 is applied with a spray gun on an uninsulated lron sheet used as a roof and primed. The same advantageous results as in Example 1 are obtained.
The pigment Tio2 used in the above example may be replaced by coloured pigments as desired with regard to the colour of the coating, such as iron oxide red, iron oxide yellow, chromo hydroxide green, phthalocyanine blue, -green, soot etc.
By applying the technique of this invention essential advantages are obtained in connection with insulation of roof or wall construction of current interest. Among these advantages the following may be mentioned:
The layer resulting from the coating composition gives an effective insulation and thus a significantly reduced formation of condensate.
Condensates formed in spite of this are distributed over a larger surface in view of the contents of granules of the material.
The layer results in a certain absorption of moisture, which further reduces the risk that dropping shall occur.
The composition can be applied in one step to form a relatively thick coating without 1~23~S9 any drying proble~s arising~ The composi~
tion need not contain fibre material ln order that cracking shall be avoided, To further illustrate the advantages of the inVention comparing tests have been made, which are presented in the table below:
Ta:ble . Period A ~ C D ~ F G
10 min. _ . _ x _ x _ 15 1- _ _ _ 1.0 x 1.5 x 30 " _ _ _ 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.0 . 45 1l _ _ _ 3.0 4.0 3.5 3.0 1 hour _ _ _ 5.0 7.0 7.5 6.0 2 " _ _ _ 14 15.0 16 15.0 3 " _ x_ test test test test com- com- com- com-¦ _ 2 5 ~ 1.0 plete ~pleted pleted plet d 6 ~' _ 15.0 5.5 ;~
7 11 _ test com- 12.0 pleted 8 " after ~- 20.0 completed testing the surface lS com-.- pletely dry _ In the testing on condensation, the apparatus employed was as described in Ministry of Works~ speciEication D.D.F.
B./lll and consisted o-E several identical copper canisters - 11 - :
!
.~ ,'.
~23~5~
mounted on an iron framework, Each canister was in the form of a cylinder open at the top and closed at the bottom by a right-angled cone. The copper canisters were coated externally with the materials under test to glve coatings of the thicknesses lndicated below. The canisters were attached to the iron framework and then filled with ice and water. Under these conditions ]molsture was grandually deposited on the coating by condensation and commenced to drip from the bottom of the canisters, The drops were caught in measuring cylinders and the amount of water collected was noted periodically. The temperature difference in the tests was 22C, i.e. the dlfference between +25C
being the environmental temperature and ~3C belng the temperature of the lce water used. The relatlve humidity was 60-65 %.
In the table, x refers to the time of the first water drop run off, whereas the flgures refer to the collected amount of water in ml. Moreover, the columns designated A, B ...... G refer to different applled materials.
A is a coating composition according to Example 2 above, whereas B and C consist of kno~n anti-condensation masses based on the use of diatomite. All of these compositions are applied to a layer thickness of about 1.5 mm, D consists of a known glossy latex paint, E of a know~n dull oil paint and F of a known glossy lacquer paint applled to a layer thlckness of 60 ~m. G ls a conventlonal reinforced prlmer applied to a thickness of about 1~2 mm, In order to further show the advantageous character-istics of applying the composltlon of this invention, the composition according to Example 2 above was compared to ~23159 the anti-condensation material described in Swedish patent specification 315,380. The same apparatus was employed as that used in the above presented comparing tests, and the results obtained are illustrated on the appended drawing. In the drawing, run-off water in milliliters is given as a function of the period o1E time from startlng the tests. In the diagram, line A refers to a layer of a conventional iron oxide primer applied to a thickness of about 1~2 mm. Lines B, C and D refer to the material described in Swedish patent specification 315,380, i.e.
glass fibre mats having a thickness of 20 mm, 1.0 mm and 0.5 mm, respectively. Finally, line E re~ers to a layer of the anti-condensation composition according to Example 2 above in accordance wlth the present invention.
It is clearly seen from the diagra~ that the composition of this invention is outstanding in that dripping starts later than when using the prior art materials, and also the run-off rate does not increase by increasing time but remains essentially constant.
~ 13 -"
Claims (30)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A process for insulating surfaces exposed to temperature and humidity conditions which tend to cause condensation thereon, which comprises applying to the surface for the purpose of preventing or reducing occurrence of condensation on the surface, a thin layer of a non-cementitious coating composition containing a film-forming, resinous binder dispersed in a liquid vehicle having distributed therein, granules of an expanded, insoluble inorganic material, having a bulk density of at most 150 kgs/m3, said layer having a thickness not greater than about 10 mm.
2. A process according to claim 1 wherein a primer is applied to the surface before the coating composition is applied.
3. A process according to claim 1 wherein the coating composition is applied to the surface to a thickness of 0.5 to 5 mm.
4. A process according to claim 1 wherein the coating composition is applied to the surface to a thickness of 0.75 to 2 mm.
5. A process according to claim 1, 2 or 3 wherein the coating com-position is applied to the surface by spraying.
6. A process according to claim 1, in which the binder is dissolved in said liquid vehicle.
7. A process according to claim 1, in which the binder is not dissolved in said liquid vehicle but physically dispersed therein.
8. The process according to claim 7, in which the liquid vehicle is water and the binder is a copolymer resin.
9. The process of claim 8, in which the binder is a vinylacrylic copolymer.
10. The process of claim 1, in which the binder is a substance which is either soluble in or physically dispersible in said liquid vehicle and which is either resinous substance ab initio or is a substance convertible to a resinous substance in situ in the applied coating.
11. The process of claim 1, in which the binder is selected from the group consisting of homo- and copolymers, oxidatively drying binders, and curing type two-component binders.
12. The process of claim 11, in which the binder is selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl acrylate (vinyl-acrylic copolymer), and chloro caoutchouc.
13. The process of claim 12, in which the binder is vinylacrylic copolymer and the liquid vehicle is water.
14. A process for preparing a coating composition for insulating an uninsulated surface for the purpose of preventing or reducing occurrence of condensation on the surface, which comprises preparing a dispersion of a film-forming, resinous binder in a liquid vehicle, separately preparing a dispersion of an expanded, insoluble inorganic material having a bulk density of at most 150 kgs/m3 in a compatible liquid vehicle, and combining the two dispersions.
15. The process of claim 14, in which a water-insoluble film-forming, resinous binder is dispersed in water with a surface-active agent to provide a stable dispersion and separately the expanded, insoluble inorganic material is dispersed in water with the aid of a surface-active agent, and the two dispersions are combined.
16. A sprayable composition for insulating an uninsulated surface for the purpose of preventing or reducing occurrence of condensation on the surface, which comprises a resinous binder dispersed in a liquid vehicle having distributed therein, granules of an expanded, insoluble inorganic material having a bulk density of at most 150 kgs/m3, said composition having a consistency such that it can be sprayed onto the under surface of a substrate.
17. A composition according to claim 16 wherein the mineral is liparite or quartz porphyry glass.
18. A composition according to claim 16, characterized in that the granules have a bulk density of 50 to 90 kgs/m3.
19. A composition according to claim 16, characterized by also including a wetting agent, by which the granules have been pretreated.
20. A composition according to claim 16, 17 or 18, characterized by also containing a pigment.
21. A composition according to claim 16, 17 or 18, characterized by also including an extender.
22. A composition according to claim 16 and applied as an insulating layer to a substrate.
23. A composition according to claim 16, in which the binder is dissolved in said liquid vehicle.
24. A composition according to claim 16, in which the binder is not dissolved in said liquid vehicle but physically dispersed therein.
25. A composition according to claim 16, in which the liquid vehicle is water and the binder is a copolymer resin.
26. A composition of claim 16 or 25, in which the binder is a vinyl-acrylic copolymer.
27. A composition of claim 16, in which the binder is a substance which is either soluble in or physically dispersible in said liquid vehicle and which is either a resinous substance ab initio or is a substance convertible to a resinous substance m situ in the applied coating.
28. A composition of claim 16, in which the binder is selected from the group consisting of homo- and copolymerizates, oxidatively drying binders, and curing type two-component binders.
29. A composition of claim 16, in which the binder is selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl acrylate (vinyl-acrylic copolymer), and chloro caoutchouc.
30. A composition of claim 19, in which the binder is vinylacrylic copolymer and the liquid vehicle is water.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA294,590A CA1123159A (en) | 1978-01-09 | 1978-01-09 | Process and a composition for the insulation of surfaces, and product hereby obtained |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA294,590A CA1123159A (en) | 1978-01-09 | 1978-01-09 | Process and a composition for the insulation of surfaces, and product hereby obtained |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1123159A true CA1123159A (en) | 1982-05-11 |
Family
ID=4110486
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA294,590A Expired CA1123159A (en) | 1978-01-09 | 1978-01-09 | Process and a composition for the insulation of surfaces, and product hereby obtained |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1123159A (en) |
-
1978
- 1978-01-09 CA CA294,590A patent/CA1123159A/en not_active Expired
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