CA1080791A - Electrical shocking device - Google Patents
Electrical shocking deviceInfo
- Publication number
- CA1080791A CA1080791A CA267,163A CA267163A CA1080791A CA 1080791 A CA1080791 A CA 1080791A CA 267163 A CA267163 A CA 267163A CA 1080791 A CA1080791 A CA 1080791A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- tubular member
- probes
- charge storage
- voltage
- direct voltage
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
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- Electrotherapy Devices (AREA)
- Percussion Or Vibration Massage (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
An electrical shocking device includes a manipulatable, preferably tubular, hous-ing, one end of which is open and provided with flange. A plastic tube is movably positioned within the housing against the flange. The plastic tube contains an electric circuit, including a spark gap and circuit members for converting a low direct voltage into a very high voltage, storing a high voltage charge and intermittently discharging the storage device. A pair of probes extended outwardly from the tube beyond the flange, those ends of the probes within the tube being connected to opposite ends of a charge-storing capacitor through a spark gap in series with one of the probes. Batteries and a switch are provided within the housing for supplying the low direct voltage to the circuit upon movement of the tube in response to force on the probes.
An electrical shocking device includes a manipulatable, preferably tubular, hous-ing, one end of which is open and provided with flange. A plastic tube is movably positioned within the housing against the flange. The plastic tube contains an electric circuit, including a spark gap and circuit members for converting a low direct voltage into a very high voltage, storing a high voltage charge and intermittently discharging the storage device. A pair of probes extended outwardly from the tube beyond the flange, those ends of the probes within the tube being connected to opposite ends of a charge-storing capacitor through a spark gap in series with one of the probes. Batteries and a switch are provided within the housing for supplying the low direct voltage to the circuit upon movement of the tube in response to force on the probes.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates generally to shocking devices for livestock and people.
More particularly, it is useful for training and eontrolling people and all kinds ol animals.
The use of electrical shocking devices is widespread, reliable shocking devices being recognized as being a humane technique for handling livestock and people by many veterinarians, humane societies, medical personnel and law enforcement officers. Live-stock prods are recognized as providing an effective and efficient technique for moving and training anirnals by many ranchers, farmers, meat packers and animal trainers.
Electrical shocking devices for people are useful and accepted by behavior modification 10 laboratories and many law enforcement people for training and eontrolling people and for personal protection. Shocking devices are commonly used in medical and psychiatric therapy.
Although electrical shocking devices have been in use for many years, they have not achieved optimum satisfaction.
It is known, for example, from the United States Patent No. 21981,465 to provide an electrical livestock prod with a pair of probes, adapted to contact the hide a,r skin of an animnl, voltage to the probes being supplied from a transformer, which has its pri-mary winding connected to a battery via make-and-break contacts. An electromagnetic relay is provided for effecting movement of the contacts. Such an arrangement has a 20 number of drawbacks. The electromagnetic rel~y requires a core of considerable size and weight, as well as an energizing current source of substantial volume. The contacts too, tend to pit, wear out, become easily fouled with dirt and dust, and must be regularly adjusted. Such devices are easily damaged by shock and moisture and usually have short battery life.
Other electrical livestock prods are known which include a pair of probes for supplying electric shocks to an animal, voltages to the probes being supplied via a trans-former which has its primary winding connected to a blocking oscillator. These known
The invention relates generally to shocking devices for livestock and people.
More particularly, it is useful for training and eontrolling people and all kinds ol animals.
The use of electrical shocking devices is widespread, reliable shocking devices being recognized as being a humane technique for handling livestock and people by many veterinarians, humane societies, medical personnel and law enforcement officers. Live-stock prods are recognized as providing an effective and efficient technique for moving and training anirnals by many ranchers, farmers, meat packers and animal trainers.
Electrical shocking devices for people are useful and accepted by behavior modification 10 laboratories and many law enforcement people for training and eontrolling people and for personal protection. Shocking devices are commonly used in medical and psychiatric therapy.
Although electrical shocking devices have been in use for many years, they have not achieved optimum satisfaction.
It is known, for example, from the United States Patent No. 21981,465 to provide an electrical livestock prod with a pair of probes, adapted to contact the hide a,r skin of an animnl, voltage to the probes being supplied from a transformer, which has its pri-mary winding connected to a battery via make-and-break contacts. An electromagnetic relay is provided for effecting movement of the contacts. Such an arrangement has a 20 number of drawbacks. The electromagnetic rel~y requires a core of considerable size and weight, as well as an energizing current source of substantial volume. The contacts too, tend to pit, wear out, become easily fouled with dirt and dust, and must be regularly adjusted. Such devices are easily damaged by shock and moisture and usually have short battery life.
Other electrical livestock prods are known which include a pair of probes for supplying electric shocks to an animal, voltages to the probes being supplied via a trans-former which has its primary winding connected to a blocking oscillator. These known
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prods have the disadvantage of requiring a relatively large transformer, suffer from low output current which produces shock levels insufficient for control or training.
These devices require a direct current source of considerable volume and are usually large and clumsy to handle and store.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is an object of the present invention to provide a reliable shocking device which does not require any make-an~break contacts, except the switch.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a shocking device which is both compact and light.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide a shocking device which uses a transformer of extremely small size.
It is an additional object of the present invention to provide a shocking device which is free of any electromagnetic relay.
It is yet another object of the present invention to provide a shocking device which can operate eEfectively for long periods of time on two 1.5-volt size AA batteries, larger C and D batteries being unnecessary.
It is an additional object of the present invention to provide a switch which is rugged and reliable.
It is still a further object of the present invention to provide a shocking device ~ which is sufficiently slim to be easily used in close quarters, such as in cattle chutes and the like.
It is yet a further object to provide a shocking device which has its main electrical circuit components housed within a closed tube and therefore free from the effects of moisture, dust, dirt and other contaminants.
The foregoing objects are achieved, in accordance with present invention, by pro-viding an electrical shocking device which includes a housing means within which there is a direct voltage source7 preferably two 1.5-volt power cells, a switch means and a . ', ~ ~ . '' ' -circuit for producing a high, direct voltage from the direct low voltage source, which circuit feeds the produced high voltage intermittently to a pair of electrical probes which are adapted to be placed ngainst the hide or skin of an animal or person. The animal or person is subjected to a series of high voltage, low current electrical shocks so long as the probes contact the animal or person and the switch for activating the electrical cir-cuit is closed. The circuit includes a free-running multi-vibrator, a step-up transformer, a rectifier and a spark gap.
A voltage multiplier can be associated with the rectifierO
Fixed length or telescoping extension handles may be attached to the shocking 10 device for applying the shock from some distance.
BRIEF D~SCR TION OF THE DRAWING
Fig. 1 is a pictorial view of an assembled electrical shoeking device including a housing according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention with an exten-sion handle attached;
Fig. 2 is a somewhat enlarged, exploded pictorial view of the electrical shocking device of Fig. 1, the handle member not being shown;
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the electrical circuit which is housed within the housing of Fig. 1, and Fig. 4 is an elongated sectional view of the apparatus of Fig. 3 in assembled 20 form.
Referring to Figs. 1 and 2, an illustrative shocking device according to the pre-sent invention is provided with a handle, generally designated by the numeral 101 having a heavy duty hand grip 11 and a wrist thong 12. The grip 11 can be made of rubber. The handle 10 includes a non-telescoping extension 13, which is provided, at its free end, with a conventional female connection well (not visible) which fits over and receives corresponding cooperating kno~like connection member 14, shown in Fig. 2. It is to be appreciated that telescoping extensions and/or extensions of varying lengths can be used in plaee of the extension 13.
The male connection member 14 is provided with a knurled cap 16 secured to one end of an electrically conductive tubular member 17. Cap 16 is of somewhat greater diameter than the tubular member 17, as can be seen in Fig. 2. A part of the exterior of the portion 17 is provided with threads, and cap 16 is mated thereto.
Fixedly positioned to the ~osed interior end of the tubular member 17 i'3 a spiral spring 18 and two AA size l.S-volt alkaline or equivalent power cells 19 and 20 which are positioned end-to-end so as to dispose the bottom of the cell 19 on the spring 18.
10 When assembled, the power cells 19 and 20 are within the tubular member 17.
The ou$er diameter of the tubular member 17 is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of a tubular casing member 21 which is provided with internal threads 50 at one end which cooperate with the external threads 52 on the tubular member 17, allowing the latter to be placed within the tubular member 21 and the two portions to be threaded together to complete the assembly.
The free end of the tubular member 21 is provided with a radially inward facing flange 22, against which a corresponding bearing surface 23 of plastic tube 24 rests when this plastie tube is movably positioned within the tubular member 21. The plastic tube 24 is provided with an end portion 25 which extends beyond the flange 22. Extending 20 outwardly and longitudinally from that end of the plastic tube 24, which projects beyond the flange 229 is a pair of spaced-apart probes 26 and 27 adapted to be pressed against the skin or hide of an animal or person in order to give the animal or person a distinct, yet harmless, electric shock. The probes 26 and 27 are part of an electronic circutif:, housed principally within the plastic tube 24. The details of the circuit are to be described hereinafter.
The end of the plastic tube 24, opposite that end from which the probes 26 and 27 project, is provided with an electrically conductive center conta~t 28 and an electri-cally conductive rim 29. The center contact 28, when the prod is assembled, rests against the center post which constitutes one electrode of the cell 20, these mernbers . '. ..
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being held in contaet by action of the spiral spring 18 upon which the bottom of the cell 19 rests. The conductive rim 29 on the plastic tube 24 is spaced apart from a rim 30 of the tubular member 17. The rim 30 is electrically connected through the tubular member 17 and the spring 18 to the second electrode of the cell 19 which is connected electrically in series with the cell 20.
In the absence of a force acting longitudinally on the probes 26 and 27, the spring 18 holds the bearing surfaces 23 of the plastic tube 24 in contact with the rim 2'2 of the tubular member 21. Upon application of force in a longitudinal direction on the probes 26 and 27, which would result by placing the probes 26 and 27 against the skin or hide 10 of a person or animal sought to be handled or trained, spring 18 is compressed; t,he plas-tic tube 24 moves longitudinally within the tubular member 21; the conductive riim 29 touches the rim 30 of the tubular member 17 and the circuit is closed. As a result, current from the cells 19 and 20 is provided to the circuit components within the plastic tube 24.
As shown in the schematic diagram of Fig. 3, the cells 19 and 20 are connected, via the switch constituted by the rim 29 and the rim 30 across the emitter and the colle~
tor electrodes of a pair of transistors 31 and 32. The emitters are connected directly to one terminal of the three-volt direct voltage source constituted by the cells 19 and 20. The collectors of the respective power transistors are connected to opposite ends 20 of a center tapped primary winding 33 of a ste~up trunsformer 34, which has its center tap 35 conductively fixedly connected to the conductive center pin 28 and throu~h the switch to the other terminal of the thre~volt direct power source constitu$ed by cells 19 and 20.
The base electrode of the power transistor 32 is connected to the collector of the power transistor 31 via a series-connected Pesistor 37. The base electrode of the power transistor 31 is connected to the collector electrode of the power transistor 32 via a series-connected resistor 36. The two transistors 31 and 32 thus connected con-stitute a free-running multi-vibrator, which is activated by closing the switch ca,nstituted by the rims 29 and 30.
The step-up transformer 34 has a secondary winding 38 having two end terminals, one of these end terminals being connected to the probe 27 via a series-connected capaci-tor 39. The other end terminal of the secondary winding 38 is connected to the probe 26 via a series circuit constituted by a rectifying diode 40 and a spark gap 41, the cathode of the diode 40 being connected to one terminal of the spark ~ap 41. As illustrated, a second diode 42 is connected between the anode of the diode 40 and that terminal of the capacitor 39 which is connected to the probe 27, the cathode of the diode 42 being connected to the anode of the diode 40. A charge capacitor 43 is connected between the cathode of the diode 40 and the anode of the diode 42. A bleeder resistor 44 is con-10 nected in parallel with the charge capacitor 43 to assure that a high voltage charge isnot stored in capacitor 43 for any appreciable time after use.
The capacitor 39 and the diode 42 constitute a voltage multiplier stage which, with the rectifier diode 40 and the charge capacitor 43, produces a direct voltage output to the probes 26 and 27 of about 1.414 greater than would be produced were the capaci-tor 39 and the diode 42 not used. It is to be appreciated that in some embodiments the capacitor 39 and the diode 42 need not be used and, in still others, additional stages of voltage multipliers may be used.
In an operative embodiment of the present invention, each of power cells ~ 9 and 20 is a 1.5-volt alkaline power cell, size AA. Each of the diodes 40 and 42 is an lN 40รป7 2~ semi-conductive device, rated at one ampere, and each of the power transistors 31 and 32 is a transistor manufactured under the number MJE520 by Motorola. The bleeder resistor 44 is a 2.2 megohm resistor~ while each of the resistors 36 and 37 is a 10 ohm, one~uarter watt resistor. The capacitors 39 and 43 are each a .036 uf, 600-volt capacitor.
The transformer 34 has a small, lightweight ferrite core having three legs, the primary and secondary windings being wound on the center leg.
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A practical embodiment of the electrical shocking device without an extension 13 may be about 10 inches long and about three-quarters of an inch in diameter. The weight may be about 4.5 ounces. The device may be readily carried in a belt holster.
The member 17 is desirably made of anodized aluminum. Member 21 may be made of 30 anodized aluminum or of a less expensive plastic.
' In operation, an operator simply places the probes 26 and 27 against the hide or skin of an animal and pushes, causing the plastic tube 24 to move axially backward within the tubular member 21 against the forward biasing force provided by the spring 18. As a result, the rim 29 contacts the rim 30 which activates the free-running multi-vibrator constituted, in part, by the transistors 31 and 32. Current flows alternatingly through the upper and lower portions of the primary winding 33 of the transformer 34 to its center tap 35, producing a stepped-up voltage on the secondary winding 38 of the transformer 34. The voltage from the secondary is multiplied and rectified by the cir-cuit arrangement constituted by the diodes 40 and 42 and the capacitors 39 and 43, the lO reetified voltage producing a charge stored in the capacitor 43. When the voltage across the capaeitor 43 is sufficiently high, the spark gap 41 fires, discharging the eapacitor 43 and causing a short duration~ high voltage9 low current electrical shock to the animal or person against which the probes 26 and 27 were placed. Repeated charging andl discharg-ing of capacitor 43 through the probes eauses a series of shocks to be applied to the animal or person so long as the rims 29 and 30 are in contact. The intermittent dis~harging provides effective shocking from a low power input, thereby greatly increasing the life of the batteries.
It is to be appreciated that the illustrated and described embodiment has been set out by way of example, not by way of limitation. Numerous variants and other embod-~0 iments are possible within the spirit and scope of the invention, the scope being definedby the appended claims.
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prods have the disadvantage of requiring a relatively large transformer, suffer from low output current which produces shock levels insufficient for control or training.
These devices require a direct current source of considerable volume and are usually large and clumsy to handle and store.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is an object of the present invention to provide a reliable shocking device which does not require any make-an~break contacts, except the switch.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a shocking device which is both compact and light.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide a shocking device which uses a transformer of extremely small size.
It is an additional object of the present invention to provide a shocking device which is free of any electromagnetic relay.
It is yet another object of the present invention to provide a shocking device which can operate eEfectively for long periods of time on two 1.5-volt size AA batteries, larger C and D batteries being unnecessary.
It is an additional object of the present invention to provide a switch which is rugged and reliable.
It is still a further object of the present invention to provide a shocking device ~ which is sufficiently slim to be easily used in close quarters, such as in cattle chutes and the like.
It is yet a further object to provide a shocking device which has its main electrical circuit components housed within a closed tube and therefore free from the effects of moisture, dust, dirt and other contaminants.
The foregoing objects are achieved, in accordance with present invention, by pro-viding an electrical shocking device which includes a housing means within which there is a direct voltage source7 preferably two 1.5-volt power cells, a switch means and a . ', ~ ~ . '' ' -circuit for producing a high, direct voltage from the direct low voltage source, which circuit feeds the produced high voltage intermittently to a pair of electrical probes which are adapted to be placed ngainst the hide or skin of an animal or person. The animal or person is subjected to a series of high voltage, low current electrical shocks so long as the probes contact the animal or person and the switch for activating the electrical cir-cuit is closed. The circuit includes a free-running multi-vibrator, a step-up transformer, a rectifier and a spark gap.
A voltage multiplier can be associated with the rectifierO
Fixed length or telescoping extension handles may be attached to the shocking 10 device for applying the shock from some distance.
BRIEF D~SCR TION OF THE DRAWING
Fig. 1 is a pictorial view of an assembled electrical shoeking device including a housing according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention with an exten-sion handle attached;
Fig. 2 is a somewhat enlarged, exploded pictorial view of the electrical shocking device of Fig. 1, the handle member not being shown;
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the electrical circuit which is housed within the housing of Fig. 1, and Fig. 4 is an elongated sectional view of the apparatus of Fig. 3 in assembled 20 form.
Referring to Figs. 1 and 2, an illustrative shocking device according to the pre-sent invention is provided with a handle, generally designated by the numeral 101 having a heavy duty hand grip 11 and a wrist thong 12. The grip 11 can be made of rubber. The handle 10 includes a non-telescoping extension 13, which is provided, at its free end, with a conventional female connection well (not visible) which fits over and receives corresponding cooperating kno~like connection member 14, shown in Fig. 2. It is to be appreciated that telescoping extensions and/or extensions of varying lengths can be used in plaee of the extension 13.
The male connection member 14 is provided with a knurled cap 16 secured to one end of an electrically conductive tubular member 17. Cap 16 is of somewhat greater diameter than the tubular member 17, as can be seen in Fig. 2. A part of the exterior of the portion 17 is provided with threads, and cap 16 is mated thereto.
Fixedly positioned to the ~osed interior end of the tubular member 17 i'3 a spiral spring 18 and two AA size l.S-volt alkaline or equivalent power cells 19 and 20 which are positioned end-to-end so as to dispose the bottom of the cell 19 on the spring 18.
10 When assembled, the power cells 19 and 20 are within the tubular member 17.
The ou$er diameter of the tubular member 17 is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of a tubular casing member 21 which is provided with internal threads 50 at one end which cooperate with the external threads 52 on the tubular member 17, allowing the latter to be placed within the tubular member 21 and the two portions to be threaded together to complete the assembly.
The free end of the tubular member 21 is provided with a radially inward facing flange 22, against which a corresponding bearing surface 23 of plastic tube 24 rests when this plastie tube is movably positioned within the tubular member 21. The plastic tube 24 is provided with an end portion 25 which extends beyond the flange 22. Extending 20 outwardly and longitudinally from that end of the plastic tube 24, which projects beyond the flange 229 is a pair of spaced-apart probes 26 and 27 adapted to be pressed against the skin or hide of an animal or person in order to give the animal or person a distinct, yet harmless, electric shock. The probes 26 and 27 are part of an electronic circutif:, housed principally within the plastic tube 24. The details of the circuit are to be described hereinafter.
The end of the plastic tube 24, opposite that end from which the probes 26 and 27 project, is provided with an electrically conductive center conta~t 28 and an electri-cally conductive rim 29. The center contact 28, when the prod is assembled, rests against the center post which constitutes one electrode of the cell 20, these mernbers . '. ..
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being held in contaet by action of the spiral spring 18 upon which the bottom of the cell 19 rests. The conductive rim 29 on the plastic tube 24 is spaced apart from a rim 30 of the tubular member 17. The rim 30 is electrically connected through the tubular member 17 and the spring 18 to the second electrode of the cell 19 which is connected electrically in series with the cell 20.
In the absence of a force acting longitudinally on the probes 26 and 27, the spring 18 holds the bearing surfaces 23 of the plastic tube 24 in contact with the rim 2'2 of the tubular member 21. Upon application of force in a longitudinal direction on the probes 26 and 27, which would result by placing the probes 26 and 27 against the skin or hide 10 of a person or animal sought to be handled or trained, spring 18 is compressed; t,he plas-tic tube 24 moves longitudinally within the tubular member 21; the conductive riim 29 touches the rim 30 of the tubular member 17 and the circuit is closed. As a result, current from the cells 19 and 20 is provided to the circuit components within the plastic tube 24.
As shown in the schematic diagram of Fig. 3, the cells 19 and 20 are connected, via the switch constituted by the rim 29 and the rim 30 across the emitter and the colle~
tor electrodes of a pair of transistors 31 and 32. The emitters are connected directly to one terminal of the three-volt direct voltage source constituted by the cells 19 and 20. The collectors of the respective power transistors are connected to opposite ends 20 of a center tapped primary winding 33 of a ste~up trunsformer 34, which has its center tap 35 conductively fixedly connected to the conductive center pin 28 and throu~h the switch to the other terminal of the thre~volt direct power source constitu$ed by cells 19 and 20.
The base electrode of the power transistor 32 is connected to the collector of the power transistor 31 via a series-connected Pesistor 37. The base electrode of the power transistor 31 is connected to the collector electrode of the power transistor 32 via a series-connected resistor 36. The two transistors 31 and 32 thus connected con-stitute a free-running multi-vibrator, which is activated by closing the switch ca,nstituted by the rims 29 and 30.
The step-up transformer 34 has a secondary winding 38 having two end terminals, one of these end terminals being connected to the probe 27 via a series-connected capaci-tor 39. The other end terminal of the secondary winding 38 is connected to the probe 26 via a series circuit constituted by a rectifying diode 40 and a spark gap 41, the cathode of the diode 40 being connected to one terminal of the spark ~ap 41. As illustrated, a second diode 42 is connected between the anode of the diode 40 and that terminal of the capacitor 39 which is connected to the probe 27, the cathode of the diode 42 being connected to the anode of the diode 40. A charge capacitor 43 is connected between the cathode of the diode 40 and the anode of the diode 42. A bleeder resistor 44 is con-10 nected in parallel with the charge capacitor 43 to assure that a high voltage charge isnot stored in capacitor 43 for any appreciable time after use.
The capacitor 39 and the diode 42 constitute a voltage multiplier stage which, with the rectifier diode 40 and the charge capacitor 43, produces a direct voltage output to the probes 26 and 27 of about 1.414 greater than would be produced were the capaci-tor 39 and the diode 42 not used. It is to be appreciated that in some embodiments the capacitor 39 and the diode 42 need not be used and, in still others, additional stages of voltage multipliers may be used.
In an operative embodiment of the present invention, each of power cells ~ 9 and 20 is a 1.5-volt alkaline power cell, size AA. Each of the diodes 40 and 42 is an lN 40รป7 2~ semi-conductive device, rated at one ampere, and each of the power transistors 31 and 32 is a transistor manufactured under the number MJE520 by Motorola. The bleeder resistor 44 is a 2.2 megohm resistor~ while each of the resistors 36 and 37 is a 10 ohm, one~uarter watt resistor. The capacitors 39 and 43 are each a .036 uf, 600-volt capacitor.
The transformer 34 has a small, lightweight ferrite core having three legs, the primary and secondary windings being wound on the center leg.
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A practical embodiment of the electrical shocking device without an extension 13 may be about 10 inches long and about three-quarters of an inch in diameter. The weight may be about 4.5 ounces. The device may be readily carried in a belt holster.
The member 17 is desirably made of anodized aluminum. Member 21 may be made of 30 anodized aluminum or of a less expensive plastic.
' In operation, an operator simply places the probes 26 and 27 against the hide or skin of an animal and pushes, causing the plastic tube 24 to move axially backward within the tubular member 21 against the forward biasing force provided by the spring 18. As a result, the rim 29 contacts the rim 30 which activates the free-running multi-vibrator constituted, in part, by the transistors 31 and 32. Current flows alternatingly through the upper and lower portions of the primary winding 33 of the transformer 34 to its center tap 35, producing a stepped-up voltage on the secondary winding 38 of the transformer 34. The voltage from the secondary is multiplied and rectified by the cir-cuit arrangement constituted by the diodes 40 and 42 and the capacitors 39 and 43, the lO reetified voltage producing a charge stored in the capacitor 43. When the voltage across the capaeitor 43 is sufficiently high, the spark gap 41 fires, discharging the eapacitor 43 and causing a short duration~ high voltage9 low current electrical shock to the animal or person against which the probes 26 and 27 were placed. Repeated charging andl discharg-ing of capacitor 43 through the probes eauses a series of shocks to be applied to the animal or person so long as the rims 29 and 30 are in contact. The intermittent dis~harging provides effective shocking from a low power input, thereby greatly increasing the life of the batteries.
It is to be appreciated that the illustrated and described embodiment has been set out by way of example, not by way of limitation. Numerous variants and other embod-~0 iments are possible within the spirit and scope of the invention, the scope being definedby the appended claims.
Claims (22)
EXCLUSIVE PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED
AS FOLLOWS:
1. A manipulable electrical shocking device comprising in combination:
(a) A pair of electrically conductive probes electrically connected to an electronic circuit means for delivering electrical shocks to animals or persons;
(b) Low voltage power source means; and (c) An electronic circuit means for converting low direct voltage to high direct voltage coupled to said pair of probes, said circuit means including:
(i) Oscillator means having an alternating current output;
(ii) Switch means for selectively energizing said oscillator means from a low direct voltage source;
(iii) A step-up transformer having its primary winding means coupled to receive the alternating current output from said oscillator for producing a high alternating voltage across its secondary winding means;
(iv) spark gap means;
(v) Rectifying means, including a rectifier and charge storage means coupled to said secondary winding means for producing a direct voltage across said charge storage means, one end of said charge storage means being coupled to one of said probes and the other end of said charge storage means being coupled to the other of said probes via said spark gap means.
(a) A pair of electrically conductive probes electrically connected to an electronic circuit means for delivering electrical shocks to animals or persons;
(b) Low voltage power source means; and (c) An electronic circuit means for converting low direct voltage to high direct voltage coupled to said pair of probes, said circuit means including:
(i) Oscillator means having an alternating current output;
(ii) Switch means for selectively energizing said oscillator means from a low direct voltage source;
(iii) A step-up transformer having its primary winding means coupled to receive the alternating current output from said oscillator for producing a high alternating voltage across its secondary winding means;
(iv) spark gap means;
(v) Rectifying means, including a rectifier and charge storage means coupled to said secondary winding means for producing a direct voltage across said charge storage means, one end of said charge storage means being coupled to one of said probes and the other end of said charge storage means being coupled to the other of said probes via said spark gap means.
2. An electrical shocking device according to Claim 1 wherein said circuit means further include a bleeder resistor connected in parallel with said charge storage means.
3. An electrical shocking device according to Claim 1 wherein said circuit means further include voltage multiplying means connected between said secondary winding means and said rectifying means.
4. An electrical shocking device according to Claim 3 wherein said voltage multiplying means comprise a capacitive means and a diode connected in series across said secondary winding means, said rectifier and said charge storage means being con-nected in series across said diode.
5. An electrical shocking device according to Claim 1 wherein said oscillator means comprises a free-running multi-vibrator.
6. An electrical shocking device according to Claim 5 wherein said free-running multi-vibrator includes two cross-coupled transistors.
7. An electrical shocking device according to Claim 1 wherein said low vol-tage power source means is connected to said switch means.
8. An electrical shocking device according to Claim 6 wherein said primary winding includes a center tap and two end terminals, said center tap being connected to said switch means, and said end terminals being connected respectively to a current-carrying electrode of respective said transistors.
9. An electrical shocking device according to Claim 1 including a hollow tubular memeber from which said pair of probes extend and mechanical biasing means, said tubular member being positioned within said housing means for limited axial move-ment therein, against a force provided by said mechanical biasing means, upon applica-tion of force against ends of said probes, the axial movement effecting a closing of said switch means.
10. An electrical shocking device according to Claim 9 wherein said switch means includes an electrically conductive rim formed on an end of said tubular member, which rim is adapted to make contact with the rim of an electrically conductive battery housing means.
11. An electrical shocking device according to Claim 1 wherein said oscillator means, said step-up transformer, said spark gap and said rectifying means, including said rectifier and said charge storage means are housed within a hollow tubular member from which said pair of probes extend, said hollow tubular member being positioned within said housing means.
12. An electrical shocking device according to Claim 1 further including a handle, and wherein said housing means includes means for demountably fixture said handle to an end of said housing.
13. An electronic circuit for providing a high voltage, low current alternating discharge from a low voltage, low direct current power supply comprising:
(a) Oscillator means connected to a low voltage, low direct current source for producing an alternating current output;
(b) A step-up transformer having its primary winding coupled to receive the alternating current output from said oscillator means for producing a high alternating voltage across its secondary winding;
(c) Rectifying means for producing a high direct voltage output including a rectifier and charge storage means coupled to said transformer secondary winding for producing a direct voltage across said charge storage means being coupled to a first output terminal;
(d) Spark gap means for producing repeated pulses of high voltage current, said spark gap means being connected in series between said charge storage means and a second output terminal thereby providing a conductive path when said direct voltage across said charge storage means is high enough to assure effective nigh voltage, low current output at said first and second output terminals and automatically interrupting the current flow when the charge of said charge storage means is depleted.
(a) Oscillator means connected to a low voltage, low direct current source for producing an alternating current output;
(b) A step-up transformer having its primary winding coupled to receive the alternating current output from said oscillator means for producing a high alternating voltage across its secondary winding;
(c) Rectifying means for producing a high direct voltage output including a rectifier and charge storage means coupled to said transformer secondary winding for producing a direct voltage across said charge storage means being coupled to a first output terminal;
(d) Spark gap means for producing repeated pulses of high voltage current, said spark gap means being connected in series between said charge storage means and a second output terminal thereby providing a conductive path when said direct voltage across said charge storage means is high enough to assure effective nigh voltage, low current output at said first and second output terminals and automatically interrupting the current flow when the charge of said charge storage means is depleted.
14. An electronic curcuit as defined in Claim 1 further comprising switch means for selectively energizing said oscillator means from said low direct voltage source.
15. An electronic circuit for providing a high voltage, low current discharge from a low voltage, low direct current supply comprising:
(a) A free running multi-vibrator connected to a low voltage, low direct current power source;
(b) A step-up transformer having its primary winding coupled to said free running multi-vibrator;
(c) Rectifying means coupled to the secondary winding of said transformer including a rectifier and a capacitor for producing a direct voltage across said capacitor;
(d) Spark gap means connected in series with said capacitor, thereby producing repeated pulses of high voltage current when said direct voltage across said capacitor is high enough to assure effective high voltage, low current output and automatically interrupting the current flow when the charge of said capacitor is depleted.
(a) A free running multi-vibrator connected to a low voltage, low direct current power source;
(b) A step-up transformer having its primary winding coupled to said free running multi-vibrator;
(c) Rectifying means coupled to the secondary winding of said transformer including a rectifier and a capacitor for producing a direct voltage across said capacitor;
(d) Spark gap means connected in series with said capacitor, thereby producing repeated pulses of high voltage current when said direct voltage across said capacitor is high enough to assure effective high voltage, low current output and automatically interrupting the current flow when the charge of said capacitor is depleted.
16. An electronic circuit as described in Claim 3 further comprising a voltage multiplier coupled between said secondary winding and said rectifying means.
17. An electronic circuit as described in Claim 3 in which said free running multi-vibrator comprises a pair of transistors having their emitters connected to a low voltage source, their collectors connected to opposite ends of a center tapped primary winding, and the base electrode of each being cross connected through a series resistor to the collector of the other.
18. A manipulable electrical shocking device comprising in combination:
(a) A housing;
(b) A pair of electrically conductive probes for delivering a series of short duration, high voltage, low current electrical shocks to objects in contact with said probes;
(c) A hollow tubular member positioned within said housing, said pair of probes being mounted in said tubular member and extending beyond said tubular member and said housing;
(d) A low direct voltage power source positioned within said housing; and (e) An electronic circuit means for converting low direct voltage to high direct voltage coupled intermittently to said pair of probes and said power source, said circuit means including:
(i) Oscillator means positioned within said tubular member for pro-ducing an alternating current output;
(ii) A step-up transformer positioned within said tubular member and having its primary winding coupled to receive the alternat-ing current output from said oscillator means for producing a high alternating voltage across its secondary winding;
(iii) Rectifying means positioned within said tubular member for producing a high direct voltage output to the probes, said recti-fying means including a rectifier and charge storage means coupled to said secondary winding for producing a direct voltage across said charge storage means, one end of said charge storage means being coupled to one of said probes;
(Claim 18 cont'd.) (iv) Spark gap means positioned within said tubular member for pro-ducing repeated pulses of high voltage shocking current, said spark gap means being connected in series between said charge storage means and the other of said probes, thereby providing a conductive path when said direct voltage across said charge storage means is high enough to assure effective shock to said objects in contact with said probes and automatically interrupt-ing the current flow when the charge of said charge storage means is depleted; and (v) Switch means positioned within the housing for selectively ener-gizing said oscillator means from said law direct voltage source.
(a) A housing;
(b) A pair of electrically conductive probes for delivering a series of short duration, high voltage, low current electrical shocks to objects in contact with said probes;
(c) A hollow tubular member positioned within said housing, said pair of probes being mounted in said tubular member and extending beyond said tubular member and said housing;
(d) A low direct voltage power source positioned within said housing; and (e) An electronic circuit means for converting low direct voltage to high direct voltage coupled intermittently to said pair of probes and said power source, said circuit means including:
(i) Oscillator means positioned within said tubular member for pro-ducing an alternating current output;
(ii) A step-up transformer positioned within said tubular member and having its primary winding coupled to receive the alternat-ing current output from said oscillator means for producing a high alternating voltage across its secondary winding;
(iii) Rectifying means positioned within said tubular member for producing a high direct voltage output to the probes, said recti-fying means including a rectifier and charge storage means coupled to said secondary winding for producing a direct voltage across said charge storage means, one end of said charge storage means being coupled to one of said probes;
(Claim 18 cont'd.) (iv) Spark gap means positioned within said tubular member for pro-ducing repeated pulses of high voltage shocking current, said spark gap means being connected in series between said charge storage means and the other of said probes, thereby providing a conductive path when said direct voltage across said charge storage means is high enough to assure effective shock to said objects in contact with said probes and automatically interrupt-ing the current flow when the charge of said charge storage means is depleted; and (v) Switch means positioned within the housing for selectively ener-gizing said oscillator means from said law direct voltage source.
19. A manipulable electrical shocking device comprising in combination:
(a) A housing;
(b) A pair of electrically conductive probes for delivering a series of short duration, high voltage, low current electrical shocks to objects in contact with said probes;
(c) A hollow tubular member positioned within said housing, said pair of probes being mounted in said tubular member and extending beyond said tubular member and said housing;
(d) A low direct voltage power source positioned within said housing; and (e) An electronic circuit means for converting low direct voltage to high direct voltage coupled intermittently to said pair of probes and said power source, said circuit means including:
(i) Oscillator means positioned within said tubular member for pro-ducing an alternating current output;
(ii) A step-up transformer positioned within said tubular member and having its primary winding coupled to receive the alternating current output from said oscillator means for producing a high alternating voltage across its secondary winding;
(iii) Rectifying means positioned within said tubular member for pro-ducing a high direct voltage output, said rectifying means includ-ing a rectifier and charge storage means coupled to said secondary winding for producing a direct voltage across said charge storage means, one end of said charge storage means being coupled to one of said probes;
(Claim 19 cont'd.) (iv) Spark gap means positioned within said tubular member for pro-ducing repeated pulses of high voltage shocking current, said spark gap means being connected in series between said charge storage means and the other of said probes, thereby providing a conductive path when said direct voltage across said charge storage means is high enough to assure effective shock to said objects in contact with said probes and automatically interrupting the current flow when the charge of said charge storage means is depleted; and (v) Switch means positioned within said housing for selectively ener-gizing said oscillator means from said low direct voltage source.
(a) A housing;
(b) A pair of electrically conductive probes for delivering a series of short duration, high voltage, low current electrical shocks to objects in contact with said probes;
(c) A hollow tubular member positioned within said housing, said pair of probes being mounted in said tubular member and extending beyond said tubular member and said housing;
(d) A low direct voltage power source positioned within said housing; and (e) An electronic circuit means for converting low direct voltage to high direct voltage coupled intermittently to said pair of probes and said power source, said circuit means including:
(i) Oscillator means positioned within said tubular member for pro-ducing an alternating current output;
(ii) A step-up transformer positioned within said tubular member and having its primary winding coupled to receive the alternating current output from said oscillator means for producing a high alternating voltage across its secondary winding;
(iii) Rectifying means positioned within said tubular member for pro-ducing a high direct voltage output, said rectifying means includ-ing a rectifier and charge storage means coupled to said secondary winding for producing a direct voltage across said charge storage means, one end of said charge storage means being coupled to one of said probes;
(Claim 19 cont'd.) (iv) Spark gap means positioned within said tubular member for pro-ducing repeated pulses of high voltage shocking current, said spark gap means being connected in series between said charge storage means and the other of said probes, thereby providing a conductive path when said direct voltage across said charge storage means is high enough to assure effective shock to said objects in contact with said probes and automatically interrupting the current flow when the charge of said charge storage means is depleted; and (v) Switch means positioned within said housing for selectively ener-gizing said oscillator means from said low direct voltage source.
20. A manipulable electrical shocking device comprising in combination:
(a) A housing;
(b) A pair of electrically conductive probes for delivering a series of short duration, high voltage, low current electrical shocks to objects in contact with said probes;
(c) A first tubular member positioned within said housing and having first and second electrical contacts, said pair of probes being mounted in said tubular member and extending beyond said tubular member and said housing;
(d) Mechanical biasing means adapted to conduct electricity positioned within said housing for providing a force applied to said first tubular member, said first tubular member and said mechanical biasing means being positioned within said housing such that said first tubular member has a limited axial movement therein against the force pro-vided by said mechanical biasing means;
(e) A second tubular member positioned within said housing containing a low direct voltage power source and being adapted to conduct electric-ity and being in electrical contact with said mechanical biasing means and one of said first and second electrical contacts of said first tub-ular member, and being spaced apart from the other of said first and second electrical contacts of said first tubular member by said mechan-ical biasing means;
(f) An electronic circuit means for converting low direct voltage to high direct voltage coupled intermittently to said pair of probes and said power source, said circuit means including:
(Claim 20 cont'd.) (i) Oscillator means positioned within said first tubular member for producing an alternating current output;
(ii) A step-up transformer positioned within said first tubular member and having its primary winding coupled to receive the alternating current output from said oscillator means for producing a high alternating voltage across its secondary winding;
(iii) Rectifying means positioned within said first tubular member for producing a high direct voltage output, said rectifying means in-cluding a rectifier and charge storage means coupled to said secondary winding for producing a direct voltage across said charge storage means, one end of said charge storage means being coupled to one of said probes; and (iv) Spark gap means disposed within said first tubular member for producing repeated pulses of high voltage shocking current, said spark gap means being connected in series between said charge storage means and the other of said probes, thereby providing a conductive path when said direct voltage across said charge storage means is high enough to assure effective shock to said objects in contact with said probes and automatically interrupting the current flow when the charge of said charge storage means is depleted, whereby a force applied to said probes overcomes said biasing means and brings said second tubular member into contact with both of said first and second electrical contacts of said first tub-ular member thereby energizing said probes from said power source.
(a) A housing;
(b) A pair of electrically conductive probes for delivering a series of short duration, high voltage, low current electrical shocks to objects in contact with said probes;
(c) A first tubular member positioned within said housing and having first and second electrical contacts, said pair of probes being mounted in said tubular member and extending beyond said tubular member and said housing;
(d) Mechanical biasing means adapted to conduct electricity positioned within said housing for providing a force applied to said first tubular member, said first tubular member and said mechanical biasing means being positioned within said housing such that said first tubular member has a limited axial movement therein against the force pro-vided by said mechanical biasing means;
(e) A second tubular member positioned within said housing containing a low direct voltage power source and being adapted to conduct electric-ity and being in electrical contact with said mechanical biasing means and one of said first and second electrical contacts of said first tub-ular member, and being spaced apart from the other of said first and second electrical contacts of said first tubular member by said mechan-ical biasing means;
(f) An electronic circuit means for converting low direct voltage to high direct voltage coupled intermittently to said pair of probes and said power source, said circuit means including:
(Claim 20 cont'd.) (i) Oscillator means positioned within said first tubular member for producing an alternating current output;
(ii) A step-up transformer positioned within said first tubular member and having its primary winding coupled to receive the alternating current output from said oscillator means for producing a high alternating voltage across its secondary winding;
(iii) Rectifying means positioned within said first tubular member for producing a high direct voltage output, said rectifying means in-cluding a rectifier and charge storage means coupled to said secondary winding for producing a direct voltage across said charge storage means, one end of said charge storage means being coupled to one of said probes; and (iv) Spark gap means disposed within said first tubular member for producing repeated pulses of high voltage shocking current, said spark gap means being connected in series between said charge storage means and the other of said probes, thereby providing a conductive path when said direct voltage across said charge storage means is high enough to assure effective shock to said objects in contact with said probes and automatically interrupting the current flow when the charge of said charge storage means is depleted, whereby a force applied to said probes overcomes said biasing means and brings said second tubular member into contact with both of said first and second electrical contacts of said first tub-ular member thereby energizing said probes from said power source.
21. A manipulable electrical shocking device comprising in combination:
(a) A housing;
(b) A pair of electrically conductive probes for delivering a series of short duration, high votage, low current electrical shocks to objects in con-tact with said probes;
(c) A first tubular member having a conductive rim and a conductive center contact positioned within said housing, said pair of probes being mounted in said first tubular member and extending beyond said first tubular member and said housing;
(d) Mechanical biasing means made of electrical conducting material and positioned within said housing for providing a force applied to said first tubular member, said first tubular member and said mechanical biasing means being positioned such that said first tubular member has a limited axial movement therein against the force provided by said mechanical biasing means;
(e) A second tubular member made of electrical conducting material and adapted to conduct electricity, fixedly positioned within said housing and adapted to contain low direct voltage power cells; and (f) An electronic circuit means for converting low direct voltage to high direct voltage coupled intermittently to said pair of probes and said power cells, said circuit means including:
(i) Oscillator means positioned within said first tubular member for producing an alternating current output;
(ii) A step-up transformer positioned within said first tubular member and having its primary winding coupled to receive the alternating current output from said oscillator means for producing a high alternating voltage across its secondary winding;
(Claim 21 cont'd.) (iii) Rectifying means positioned within said first tubular member for producing a high direct voltage output, said rectifying means in-cluding a rectifier and charge storage means coupled to said secondary winding for producing a direct voltage across said charge storage means, one end of said charge storage means being coupled to one of said probes; and (iv) Spark gap means disposed within said first tubular member for producing repeated pulses of high voltage shocking current, said spark gap means being connected in series between said charge storage means and the other of said probes, thereby providing a conductive path when said direct voltage across said charge storage means is high enough to assure effective shock to said objects in contact with said probes and automatically interrupting the current flow when the charge of said charge storage means is depleted, whereby said mechanical biasing means normally maintains said conductive rim of said first tubular member m spaced apart relation to said second tubular member and whereby a force applied to said probes overcomes said mechanical biasing means and moves said conductive rim of said first tubular member into contact with said second tubular member thereby energizing said probes from said power source.
(a) A housing;
(b) A pair of electrically conductive probes for delivering a series of short duration, high votage, low current electrical shocks to objects in con-tact with said probes;
(c) A first tubular member having a conductive rim and a conductive center contact positioned within said housing, said pair of probes being mounted in said first tubular member and extending beyond said first tubular member and said housing;
(d) Mechanical biasing means made of electrical conducting material and positioned within said housing for providing a force applied to said first tubular member, said first tubular member and said mechanical biasing means being positioned such that said first tubular member has a limited axial movement therein against the force provided by said mechanical biasing means;
(e) A second tubular member made of electrical conducting material and adapted to conduct electricity, fixedly positioned within said housing and adapted to contain low direct voltage power cells; and (f) An electronic circuit means for converting low direct voltage to high direct voltage coupled intermittently to said pair of probes and said power cells, said circuit means including:
(i) Oscillator means positioned within said first tubular member for producing an alternating current output;
(ii) A step-up transformer positioned within said first tubular member and having its primary winding coupled to receive the alternating current output from said oscillator means for producing a high alternating voltage across its secondary winding;
(Claim 21 cont'd.) (iii) Rectifying means positioned within said first tubular member for producing a high direct voltage output, said rectifying means in-cluding a rectifier and charge storage means coupled to said secondary winding for producing a direct voltage across said charge storage means, one end of said charge storage means being coupled to one of said probes; and (iv) Spark gap means disposed within said first tubular member for producing repeated pulses of high voltage shocking current, said spark gap means being connected in series between said charge storage means and the other of said probes, thereby providing a conductive path when said direct voltage across said charge storage means is high enough to assure effective shock to said objects in contact with said probes and automatically interrupting the current flow when the charge of said charge storage means is depleted, whereby said mechanical biasing means normally maintains said conductive rim of said first tubular member m spaced apart relation to said second tubular member and whereby a force applied to said probes overcomes said mechanical biasing means and moves said conductive rim of said first tubular member into contact with said second tubular member thereby energizing said probes from said power source.
22. An electrical shocking device according to Claim 18 wherein said circuit means further include a voltage multiplier connected between said secondary winding and said rectifying means.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA267,163A CA1080791A (en) | 1976-12-03 | 1976-12-03 | Electrical shocking device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA267,163A CA1080791A (en) | 1976-12-03 | 1976-12-03 | Electrical shocking device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1080791A true CA1080791A (en) | 1980-07-01 |
Family
ID=4107428
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA267,163A Expired CA1080791A (en) | 1976-12-03 | 1976-12-03 | Electrical shocking device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1080791A (en) |
-
1976
- 1976-12-03 CA CA267,163A patent/CA1080791A/en not_active Expired
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