CA1069797A - Hyperbaric liquid aspirating device - Google Patents
Hyperbaric liquid aspirating deviceInfo
- Publication number
- CA1069797A CA1069797A CA258,781A CA258781A CA1069797A CA 1069797 A CA1069797 A CA 1069797A CA 258781 A CA258781 A CA 258781A CA 1069797 A CA1069797 A CA 1069797A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- cannula
- distal end
- lumen
- needle
- pair
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M25/00—Catheters; Hollow probes
- A61M25/0067—Catheters; Hollow probes characterised by the distal end, e.g. tips
- A61M25/0068—Static characteristics of the catheter tip, e.g. shape, atraumatic tip, curved tip or tip structure
- A61M25/007—Side holes, e.g. their profiles or arrangements; Provisions to keep side holes unblocked
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
- A61M1/84—Drainage tubes; Aspiration tips
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M25/00—Catheters; Hollow probes
- A61M25/0067—Catheters; Hollow probes characterised by the distal end, e.g. tips
- A61M25/0068—Static characteristics of the catheter tip, e.g. shape, atraumatic tip, curved tip or tip structure
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B90/00—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
- A61B90/39—Markers, e.g. radio-opaque or breast lesions markers
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Anesthesiology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Pulmonology (AREA)
- Biophysics (AREA)
- Surgery (AREA)
- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
- External Artificial Organs (AREA)
- Infusion, Injection, And Reservoir Apparatuses (AREA)
- Media Introduction/Drainage Providing Device (AREA)
Abstract
HYPERBARIC LIQUID ASPIRATING DEVICE
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
An aspirating device for a hyperbaric liquid compris-ing, an elongated cannula having a wall defining a distal end, a lumen, and opening means extending through the cannula wall adja-cent the distal end and communicating with the lumen. The open-ing means is located within approximately 1/8 inch (.32 cm.) of the distal end, with the remainder of the cannula wall proximal the opening means being closed.
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
An aspirating device for a hyperbaric liquid compris-ing, an elongated cannula having a wall defining a distal end, a lumen, and opening means extending through the cannula wall adja-cent the distal end and communicating with the lumen. The open-ing means is located within approximately 1/8 inch (.32 cm.) of the distal end, with the remainder of the cannula wall proximal the opening means being closed.
Description
~06979~7 BACKGROUND OF T~E INVENTION
The present invention relates to hyperbaric liquid aspirating devices, and more particularly to contrast medium withdrawal cannulas.
When it is desired to obtain an X-ray of the spinal cord and canal, i.e., a myelogram, a myelography procedure must normally be performed. Preparatory to myelography, a hollow needle and internal stylet are inserted by the physician into the patient's back such that the needle tip is positioned in the spinal canal. During this spinal puncture, the stylet prevents coring of body tissue by the needle and prevents leakage of cerebrospinal fluid from the spinal canal through the needle.
After the needle has been properly located in the patient, the stylet is removed from the needle, and a quantity of X-ray opaque contrast liquid is injected through the needle into the spinal canal. Since the contrast liquid has a greater density than the cerebrospinal fluid, the injected contrast liquid settles to the bottom of the spinal canal. With the patient continuing to lie on a table, a fluoroscope is energized, and the table is tilted between head-up and head-down positions of the patient, in order that the relatively heavy contrast liquid moves longitudinally along the spinal canal. In this man-ner, the contrast liquid is utilized by the physician in conjunc-tion with the fluoroscope to determine the location of abnormali-ties in the patient, such as a tumor or slipped int~rvertebral disc, for possible subsequent surgery.
1069~9'7 Before myelography has been completed, the contrast liquid should be removed from the spinal canal since the liquid is potentially irritating to the nervous system. To achieve this result, the table is again tilted until the contrast liquid is located beneath the needle, as determined by the fluoroscope, after which the physician attempts to remove the contrast liquid from the spinal canal. However, it is desirable to prevent removal of cerebrospinal fluid during removal of the contrast liquid, since the depleted cerebrospinal fluid causes an undesired drop in spinal pressure and possible severe post-spinal headaches. In the past, it has been found difficult to remove an adequate amount of con-trast liquid without removal of an excessive amount of cerebro-spinal fluid.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
A principal feature of the present invention is the pro-vision of a hyperbaric liquid aspirating device for removing X-ray contrast liquid from the spinal canal in an improved manner.
The device of the present invention comprises, an elon-gated cannula having a tubular wall defining a distal end, a lumen, and opening means extending through the cannula wall adjacent the distal end and communicating with the lumen, with the opening means being located within approximately 1/8 inch (.32 cm.) of the distal end.
A feature of the invention is that the opening means is located sufficiently near the cannula distal end to aspirate a substantial portion of the contrast liquid from the spinal canal through the cannula during completion of a myelography procedure.
Another feature of the invention is that the remainder of the cannula wall proximal the opening means is closed.
Still another feature of the invention is that the cannula permits aspiration of fluid only in a small region near the cannula distal end.
Yet another feature of the invention is that the cannula prevents aspiration of fluid from a region above the opening means.
Thus, a feature of the invention is that the cannula prevents removal of cerebrospinal fluid from the spinal canal located above the contrast liquid when the opening means is prop-erly located for aspirating the contrast liquid through the cannula.
Another feature of the present invention is the provi-sion of a tube section having a distal end connected to a proximal end of the cannula, and a proximal end connected to a syringe, in order that the contrast liquid may be aspirated through the cannula by the syringe which is spaced from the cannula during use of a fluoroscope.
A feature of the invention is that the cannula may either have a closed distal end or an opening at the distal end.
Another feature of the invention is that the opening means may be spaced from or extend from the distal end opening.
Still another feature of the invention is that the can-nula may have a rounded or blunt distal end.
Further features will become more fully apparent in the following description of the embodiments of this invention and from the appended claims.
~069797 DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
In the drawings:
Fig. 1 is a fragmentary elevational view, taken partly in section, of a spinal needle and stylet;
Fig. 2 is a fragmentary elevational view of an aspirat-ing device of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a fragmentary sectional view of a distal end portion of a closed-end cannula in the device of Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is a fragmentary sectional view taken substanti-ally as indicated along the line 4-4 of Fig. 3;
Fig. 5 is a fragmentary elevational view of the aspirat-ing device of the present invention shown in position for aspirat-ing contrast liquid from the spinal canal of a patient;
Fig. 6 is a fragmentary elevational view of another embodiment of a cannula of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is a fragmentary sectional view of a distal end portion of an open-end cannula for the device of Fig. 2;
Fig. 8 is a fragmentary sectional view taken substanti-ally as indicated along the line 8-8 of Fig. 7;
Fig. 9 is a fragmentary elevational view of the aspirat-ing device, with the cannula of Figs. 7 and 8, in position for aspirating contrast liquid from the spinal canal of a patient;
and Figs. 10-13 are fragmentary perspective views of a dis-tal end portion for alternate embodiments of an open-end cannula.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
Referring now to Fig. 1, there is shown a hollow spinal ~06975~7 needle generally designated 20 having a hub 22 adjacent a proximal end 24 of the needle, a hollow shaft 26 secured to the hub 22, and a bevel tip 28 adjacent a distal end 30 of the needle 20. As shown, a stylet generally designated 32 is removably received in the needle 20. The stylet 32 has an end member 34 adjacent a proximal end 36 of the stylet 32, a solid shaft 38 connected to the member 34 and received in the hollow shaft 26 of the needle 20, with the shaft 38 having a bevel tip 40 adjacent a distal end 42 of the stylet 32 forming a continuous distal end surface between the needle tip 28 and stylet tip 40 when the stylet 32 is properly positioned within the needle 20. The needle hub 22 has an out-wardly directed flange 44 at its proximal end, and the flange 44 has a reference notch 46 to receive a reference protuberance 48 extending distally of the stylet member 34. Accordingly, the stylet 32 may be rotated within the needle 20 until the protuber-ance 48 is located in the notch 46, as shown, such that the flange 44 and member 34 mate together and position the stylet tip 40 at its proper location relative the needle tip 28.
At the start of a myelography procedure, a patient i9 positioned on his side and the needle 20 and internal stylet 32 are inserted by the physician into the patient's lower back until the needle and stylet tips 28 and 40 are located in the spinal canal of the patient. During this spinal puncture, the stylet 32 pre-vents coring of body tissue by the needle 20, and prevents leakage of cerebrospinal fluid from the spinal canal through the needle.
After the needle has been properly located in the patient, the stylet 32 is removed from the needle 20 and a quantity of X-ray contrast liquid is injected through the needle 20 into the spinal 10697S'7 canal. A fluoroscope is then energized, and the table is tilted between head-up and head-down positions of the patient, in order that the relatively heavy contrast liquid moves longitudinally along the bottom of the spinal canal. The physician may use the fluoroscope to locate abnormalities in the spinal cord and canal.
Once located these areas are X-rayed. After the physician has completed this procedure, the table is again tilted to locate the contrast liquid beneath the tip of the needle on the floor of the spinal canal, as determined by the fluoroscope, preparatory to removal of the contrast liquid from the canal.
Referring now to Fig. 2, there is shown a device gener-ally designated 50 for removing or aspirating the contrast liquid from the spinal canal. The device has an elongated cannula gener-ally designated 52 having a hub 54 adjacent its proximal end 56, and having a tubular wall or shaft defining a lumen 58, and a distal end 60 which in this embodiment is closed and rounded. As shown in Figs. 2-4, the cannula 52 has opening means generally designated 62 extending through the cannula wall adjacent the distal end 60.
In a preferred embodiment, the opening means 62 comprises a first pair of opposed openings 64 extending through the cannula wall and communicating with the lumen 58, with the openings 64 being spaced slightly proximally from the distal end 60. The cannula 52 also has a second pair of opposed openings 66 extending through the cannula wall and communicating with the lumen 58. The second pair of openings 66 are spaced slightly proximally from the first pair of openings 64, and are located approximately 90 degrees circumferentially around the cannula wall relative the first pair of openings 64. The openings 64 and 66 are preferably located ~06~9797 within approximately 1/8 inch (.32 cm.) of the distal end 60 for a purpose which will be described below, and the remainder of the cannula wall proximal the openings is closed, as shown.
Referring again to Fig. 2, the aspirating device 50 may also have a tube section generally designated 68, and a syringe generally designated 70. The tube section 68 has a hollow connec-tor 72 secured to a distal end 74 of the tube section 68, and a distal end 76 of the connector 72 is removably received in the can-nula hub 54 to releasably attach the tube section 68 to the can-nula 52, such that a lumen 86 in the tube séction 68 communicates with the cannula lumen 58. The tube section 68 also has a second connector 78 which is secured to a proximal end 80 of the tube section 68, and a proximal end 82 of the connector 78 may be releasably attached on a tip 84 of the syringe 70, such that the syringe communicates with the lumen 86 of the tube section 68. In a preferred form, the connectors 72 and 78 have a pair of wings 88 and 90, respectively, extending from opposed sides of the connec-tors to facilitate attachment of the connectors to the cannula hub and syringe.
Operation of the device 50 to remove contrast liquid from the spinal canal will be described in conjunction with Fig. 5.
As shown, the connector 72 is attached to the hub 54 of the cannula 52, and the other connector is attached to the syringe, as previ-ously described, in order to establish communication between the syringe and the cannula lumen 58. Next, the cannula 52 is inserted through the hollow needle 20 until the distal end 60 of the cannula 52 projects through the hollow needle 20, as shown. In this con-figuration, a distal end section 92 of the cannula projects from 1069~9'~
the tip 28 of the needle 20, such that the cannula 52 has a closed wall section located between the needle tip 28 and the cannula openings 64 and 66, the latter being located within a region approximately 1/8 inch (.32 cm.) from the distal end 60 of the can-nula. Thus, when the syringe is pumped, the contrast liquid L isaspirated through the openings 64 and 66, the cannula lumen 58, the tube section, and into the syringe. As previously indicated, the contrast liquid L has a greater density than the cerebrospinal fluid CSF, and the cerebrospinal fluid CSF is thus located above the contrast liquid L in the spinal canal C. Accordingly, most of the contrast liquid L may be aspirated through the openings 64 and 66 without passage of the ~rebrospinal fluid CSF into the openings, since the closed wall section of the cannula 52 prevents passage of the cerebrospinal fluid CSF into the lumen 58. In this manner, a substantial portion of the contrast liquid L may be aspirated through the cannula 52 without aspiration of the cerebrospinal fluid CSF.
As previously indicated, the fluoroscope may be continu-ously energized during the aspiration procedure in order to position the contrast liquid L below the needle 20. In accordance with the present invention, the tube section 68 shown in Fig. 2 is attached to the cannula 52, and the syringe 70 is attached to the proximal end of the tube section 68, such that the syringe 70 may be spaced from the cannula 52 during the aspiration procedure. Thus, the syringe 70 may be manipulated by the physician at a location which is outside the operating zone of the fluoroscope.
Another embodiment of the device of the present inven-tion is illustrated in Fig. 6, in which like reference numerals ~06~79~7 designate like parts. In this embodiment, the distal end 74 of the tube section 68 is fixedly attached to the hub 54 of the can-nula 52, with the lumen 86 of the tube section 68 in communication with the cannula lumen 58. The syringe may be attached to the proximal end of the tube section, as previously described, in order that the syringe may be spaced from the cannula 52 during the aspirating procedure and operation of the fluoroscope.
Another embodiment of the cannula 52 for the device 50 is illustrated in Figs. 7-9 in which like reference numerals designate like parts. In this embodiment, the cannula 52 has an opening 96 extending through the cannula wall at its distal end and communicating with the lumen 58. As shown, the opening means 62 is spaced from the opening 96, and an end portion of the can-nula distal end 60 surrounding the opening 96 is rounded. With reference to Fig. 9, when the cannula 52 is properly positioned in the needle 20, as previously described, the opening 96 of the cannula is located adjacent the floor FL of the spinal canal C, and the liquid L may be aspirated through the opening 96 from the floor of the canal, as well as through the openings 64 and 66 near the distal end of the cannula. In other respects, the device 50 of Fig. 9 operates similar to that described in connection with Figs. 1-6.
Another embodiment of the cannula 52 is illustrated in Fig. 10, in which like reference numerals designate like parts.
In this embodiment, the cannula 52 has an opening 96 at its distal end and two pairs of openings 64 and 66 spaced from the opening 96, as described in connection with Figs. 7-9. However, in this embodiment, the distal end portion of the cannula 52 has a sub-~i>Y~i9'7 stantially uniform internal diameter defining a blunt distal endor edge 98 for the cannula. As before, the openings 64 and 66 are located within 1/8 inch (.32 cm.) of the cannula distal end.
Another embodiment of the cannula 52 is illustrated in Fig. 11, in which like reference numerals designate like parts.
In this embodiment, the cannula distal end portion has a uniform internal diameter defining a blunt distal end or edge 98, as described in connection with Fig. 10. However, in this embodi-ment, the cannula 52 has a single aperture 100 extending through the cannula wall which communicates with the lumen 58 and which is located within approximately 1/8 inch (.32 cm.) of the end 98.
Another embodiment of the cannula 52 is illustrated in Fig. 12, in which like reference numerals designate like parts.
In this embodiment, the cannula distal end portion has a uniform internal diameter defining a blunt end or edge 98, and the can-nula has an opening 96 at its distal end, as previously described.
However, in this embodiment the opening means 62 extends from the opening 96, and comprises one or more elongated slots 102 extend-ing through the cannula wall. In the particular embodiment shown, the cannula has a pair of opposed slots 102 extending from the opening-96, with an inner end 104 of the slots 102 being located within 1/8 inch (.32 cm.) of the edge 98.
Another embodiment of the cannula 52 is illustrated in Fig 13, in which like reference numerals designate like parts.
As before, the cannula has a substantially uniform internal diame-ter and an opening 96 at its distal end. In this embodiment, the cannula 52 has a serrated distal end defining a plurality of triangular-shaped end members 106, and a plurality of triangular-~06~797 shaped openings 108 between the end members 106 and extendingfrom the opening 96, r~ith an inner end 110 of the openings 108 being located within 1/8 inch (.32 cm.) of the cannula distal end. The edges of the cannula end members 106 are smooth to prevent cutting by the edges during use of the device.
The foregoing detailed description is given for clear-ness of understanding only, and no unnecessary limitations should be understood therefrom, as modifications wil' be obvious to those skilled in the art.
The present invention relates to hyperbaric liquid aspirating devices, and more particularly to contrast medium withdrawal cannulas.
When it is desired to obtain an X-ray of the spinal cord and canal, i.e., a myelogram, a myelography procedure must normally be performed. Preparatory to myelography, a hollow needle and internal stylet are inserted by the physician into the patient's back such that the needle tip is positioned in the spinal canal. During this spinal puncture, the stylet prevents coring of body tissue by the needle and prevents leakage of cerebrospinal fluid from the spinal canal through the needle.
After the needle has been properly located in the patient, the stylet is removed from the needle, and a quantity of X-ray opaque contrast liquid is injected through the needle into the spinal canal. Since the contrast liquid has a greater density than the cerebrospinal fluid, the injected contrast liquid settles to the bottom of the spinal canal. With the patient continuing to lie on a table, a fluoroscope is energized, and the table is tilted between head-up and head-down positions of the patient, in order that the relatively heavy contrast liquid moves longitudinally along the spinal canal. In this man-ner, the contrast liquid is utilized by the physician in conjunc-tion with the fluoroscope to determine the location of abnormali-ties in the patient, such as a tumor or slipped int~rvertebral disc, for possible subsequent surgery.
1069~9'7 Before myelography has been completed, the contrast liquid should be removed from the spinal canal since the liquid is potentially irritating to the nervous system. To achieve this result, the table is again tilted until the contrast liquid is located beneath the needle, as determined by the fluoroscope, after which the physician attempts to remove the contrast liquid from the spinal canal. However, it is desirable to prevent removal of cerebrospinal fluid during removal of the contrast liquid, since the depleted cerebrospinal fluid causes an undesired drop in spinal pressure and possible severe post-spinal headaches. In the past, it has been found difficult to remove an adequate amount of con-trast liquid without removal of an excessive amount of cerebro-spinal fluid.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
A principal feature of the present invention is the pro-vision of a hyperbaric liquid aspirating device for removing X-ray contrast liquid from the spinal canal in an improved manner.
The device of the present invention comprises, an elon-gated cannula having a tubular wall defining a distal end, a lumen, and opening means extending through the cannula wall adjacent the distal end and communicating with the lumen, with the opening means being located within approximately 1/8 inch (.32 cm.) of the distal end.
A feature of the invention is that the opening means is located sufficiently near the cannula distal end to aspirate a substantial portion of the contrast liquid from the spinal canal through the cannula during completion of a myelography procedure.
Another feature of the invention is that the remainder of the cannula wall proximal the opening means is closed.
Still another feature of the invention is that the cannula permits aspiration of fluid only in a small region near the cannula distal end.
Yet another feature of the invention is that the cannula prevents aspiration of fluid from a region above the opening means.
Thus, a feature of the invention is that the cannula prevents removal of cerebrospinal fluid from the spinal canal located above the contrast liquid when the opening means is prop-erly located for aspirating the contrast liquid through the cannula.
Another feature of the present invention is the provi-sion of a tube section having a distal end connected to a proximal end of the cannula, and a proximal end connected to a syringe, in order that the contrast liquid may be aspirated through the cannula by the syringe which is spaced from the cannula during use of a fluoroscope.
A feature of the invention is that the cannula may either have a closed distal end or an opening at the distal end.
Another feature of the invention is that the opening means may be spaced from or extend from the distal end opening.
Still another feature of the invention is that the can-nula may have a rounded or blunt distal end.
Further features will become more fully apparent in the following description of the embodiments of this invention and from the appended claims.
~069797 DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
In the drawings:
Fig. 1 is a fragmentary elevational view, taken partly in section, of a spinal needle and stylet;
Fig. 2 is a fragmentary elevational view of an aspirat-ing device of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a fragmentary sectional view of a distal end portion of a closed-end cannula in the device of Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is a fragmentary sectional view taken substanti-ally as indicated along the line 4-4 of Fig. 3;
Fig. 5 is a fragmentary elevational view of the aspirat-ing device of the present invention shown in position for aspirat-ing contrast liquid from the spinal canal of a patient;
Fig. 6 is a fragmentary elevational view of another embodiment of a cannula of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is a fragmentary sectional view of a distal end portion of an open-end cannula for the device of Fig. 2;
Fig. 8 is a fragmentary sectional view taken substanti-ally as indicated along the line 8-8 of Fig. 7;
Fig. 9 is a fragmentary elevational view of the aspirat-ing device, with the cannula of Figs. 7 and 8, in position for aspirating contrast liquid from the spinal canal of a patient;
and Figs. 10-13 are fragmentary perspective views of a dis-tal end portion for alternate embodiments of an open-end cannula.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
Referring now to Fig. 1, there is shown a hollow spinal ~06975~7 needle generally designated 20 having a hub 22 adjacent a proximal end 24 of the needle, a hollow shaft 26 secured to the hub 22, and a bevel tip 28 adjacent a distal end 30 of the needle 20. As shown, a stylet generally designated 32 is removably received in the needle 20. The stylet 32 has an end member 34 adjacent a proximal end 36 of the stylet 32, a solid shaft 38 connected to the member 34 and received in the hollow shaft 26 of the needle 20, with the shaft 38 having a bevel tip 40 adjacent a distal end 42 of the stylet 32 forming a continuous distal end surface between the needle tip 28 and stylet tip 40 when the stylet 32 is properly positioned within the needle 20. The needle hub 22 has an out-wardly directed flange 44 at its proximal end, and the flange 44 has a reference notch 46 to receive a reference protuberance 48 extending distally of the stylet member 34. Accordingly, the stylet 32 may be rotated within the needle 20 until the protuber-ance 48 is located in the notch 46, as shown, such that the flange 44 and member 34 mate together and position the stylet tip 40 at its proper location relative the needle tip 28.
At the start of a myelography procedure, a patient i9 positioned on his side and the needle 20 and internal stylet 32 are inserted by the physician into the patient's lower back until the needle and stylet tips 28 and 40 are located in the spinal canal of the patient. During this spinal puncture, the stylet 32 pre-vents coring of body tissue by the needle 20, and prevents leakage of cerebrospinal fluid from the spinal canal through the needle.
After the needle has been properly located in the patient, the stylet 32 is removed from the needle 20 and a quantity of X-ray contrast liquid is injected through the needle 20 into the spinal 10697S'7 canal. A fluoroscope is then energized, and the table is tilted between head-up and head-down positions of the patient, in order that the relatively heavy contrast liquid moves longitudinally along the bottom of the spinal canal. The physician may use the fluoroscope to locate abnormalities in the spinal cord and canal.
Once located these areas are X-rayed. After the physician has completed this procedure, the table is again tilted to locate the contrast liquid beneath the tip of the needle on the floor of the spinal canal, as determined by the fluoroscope, preparatory to removal of the contrast liquid from the canal.
Referring now to Fig. 2, there is shown a device gener-ally designated 50 for removing or aspirating the contrast liquid from the spinal canal. The device has an elongated cannula gener-ally designated 52 having a hub 54 adjacent its proximal end 56, and having a tubular wall or shaft defining a lumen 58, and a distal end 60 which in this embodiment is closed and rounded. As shown in Figs. 2-4, the cannula 52 has opening means generally designated 62 extending through the cannula wall adjacent the distal end 60.
In a preferred embodiment, the opening means 62 comprises a first pair of opposed openings 64 extending through the cannula wall and communicating with the lumen 58, with the openings 64 being spaced slightly proximally from the distal end 60. The cannula 52 also has a second pair of opposed openings 66 extending through the cannula wall and communicating with the lumen 58. The second pair of openings 66 are spaced slightly proximally from the first pair of openings 64, and are located approximately 90 degrees circumferentially around the cannula wall relative the first pair of openings 64. The openings 64 and 66 are preferably located ~06~9797 within approximately 1/8 inch (.32 cm.) of the distal end 60 for a purpose which will be described below, and the remainder of the cannula wall proximal the openings is closed, as shown.
Referring again to Fig. 2, the aspirating device 50 may also have a tube section generally designated 68, and a syringe generally designated 70. The tube section 68 has a hollow connec-tor 72 secured to a distal end 74 of the tube section 68, and a distal end 76 of the connector 72 is removably received in the can-nula hub 54 to releasably attach the tube section 68 to the can-nula 52, such that a lumen 86 in the tube séction 68 communicates with the cannula lumen 58. The tube section 68 also has a second connector 78 which is secured to a proximal end 80 of the tube section 68, and a proximal end 82 of the connector 78 may be releasably attached on a tip 84 of the syringe 70, such that the syringe communicates with the lumen 86 of the tube section 68. In a preferred form, the connectors 72 and 78 have a pair of wings 88 and 90, respectively, extending from opposed sides of the connec-tors to facilitate attachment of the connectors to the cannula hub and syringe.
Operation of the device 50 to remove contrast liquid from the spinal canal will be described in conjunction with Fig. 5.
As shown, the connector 72 is attached to the hub 54 of the cannula 52, and the other connector is attached to the syringe, as previ-ously described, in order to establish communication between the syringe and the cannula lumen 58. Next, the cannula 52 is inserted through the hollow needle 20 until the distal end 60 of the cannula 52 projects through the hollow needle 20, as shown. In this con-figuration, a distal end section 92 of the cannula projects from 1069~9'~
the tip 28 of the needle 20, such that the cannula 52 has a closed wall section located between the needle tip 28 and the cannula openings 64 and 66, the latter being located within a region approximately 1/8 inch (.32 cm.) from the distal end 60 of the can-nula. Thus, when the syringe is pumped, the contrast liquid L isaspirated through the openings 64 and 66, the cannula lumen 58, the tube section, and into the syringe. As previously indicated, the contrast liquid L has a greater density than the cerebrospinal fluid CSF, and the cerebrospinal fluid CSF is thus located above the contrast liquid L in the spinal canal C. Accordingly, most of the contrast liquid L may be aspirated through the openings 64 and 66 without passage of the ~rebrospinal fluid CSF into the openings, since the closed wall section of the cannula 52 prevents passage of the cerebrospinal fluid CSF into the lumen 58. In this manner, a substantial portion of the contrast liquid L may be aspirated through the cannula 52 without aspiration of the cerebrospinal fluid CSF.
As previously indicated, the fluoroscope may be continu-ously energized during the aspiration procedure in order to position the contrast liquid L below the needle 20. In accordance with the present invention, the tube section 68 shown in Fig. 2 is attached to the cannula 52, and the syringe 70 is attached to the proximal end of the tube section 68, such that the syringe 70 may be spaced from the cannula 52 during the aspiration procedure. Thus, the syringe 70 may be manipulated by the physician at a location which is outside the operating zone of the fluoroscope.
Another embodiment of the device of the present inven-tion is illustrated in Fig. 6, in which like reference numerals ~06~79~7 designate like parts. In this embodiment, the distal end 74 of the tube section 68 is fixedly attached to the hub 54 of the can-nula 52, with the lumen 86 of the tube section 68 in communication with the cannula lumen 58. The syringe may be attached to the proximal end of the tube section, as previously described, in order that the syringe may be spaced from the cannula 52 during the aspirating procedure and operation of the fluoroscope.
Another embodiment of the cannula 52 for the device 50 is illustrated in Figs. 7-9 in which like reference numerals designate like parts. In this embodiment, the cannula 52 has an opening 96 extending through the cannula wall at its distal end and communicating with the lumen 58. As shown, the opening means 62 is spaced from the opening 96, and an end portion of the can-nula distal end 60 surrounding the opening 96 is rounded. With reference to Fig. 9, when the cannula 52 is properly positioned in the needle 20, as previously described, the opening 96 of the cannula is located adjacent the floor FL of the spinal canal C, and the liquid L may be aspirated through the opening 96 from the floor of the canal, as well as through the openings 64 and 66 near the distal end of the cannula. In other respects, the device 50 of Fig. 9 operates similar to that described in connection with Figs. 1-6.
Another embodiment of the cannula 52 is illustrated in Fig. 10, in which like reference numerals designate like parts.
In this embodiment, the cannula 52 has an opening 96 at its distal end and two pairs of openings 64 and 66 spaced from the opening 96, as described in connection with Figs. 7-9. However, in this embodiment, the distal end portion of the cannula 52 has a sub-~i>Y~i9'7 stantially uniform internal diameter defining a blunt distal endor edge 98 for the cannula. As before, the openings 64 and 66 are located within 1/8 inch (.32 cm.) of the cannula distal end.
Another embodiment of the cannula 52 is illustrated in Fig. 11, in which like reference numerals designate like parts.
In this embodiment, the cannula distal end portion has a uniform internal diameter defining a blunt distal end or edge 98, as described in connection with Fig. 10. However, in this embodi-ment, the cannula 52 has a single aperture 100 extending through the cannula wall which communicates with the lumen 58 and which is located within approximately 1/8 inch (.32 cm.) of the end 98.
Another embodiment of the cannula 52 is illustrated in Fig. 12, in which like reference numerals designate like parts.
In this embodiment, the cannula distal end portion has a uniform internal diameter defining a blunt end or edge 98, and the can-nula has an opening 96 at its distal end, as previously described.
However, in this embodiment the opening means 62 extends from the opening 96, and comprises one or more elongated slots 102 extend-ing through the cannula wall. In the particular embodiment shown, the cannula has a pair of opposed slots 102 extending from the opening-96, with an inner end 104 of the slots 102 being located within 1/8 inch (.32 cm.) of the edge 98.
Another embodiment of the cannula 52 is illustrated in Fig 13, in which like reference numerals designate like parts.
As before, the cannula has a substantially uniform internal diame-ter and an opening 96 at its distal end. In this embodiment, the cannula 52 has a serrated distal end defining a plurality of triangular-shaped end members 106, and a plurality of triangular-~06~797 shaped openings 108 between the end members 106 and extendingfrom the opening 96, r~ith an inner end 110 of the openings 108 being located within 1/8 inch (.32 cm.) of the cannula distal end. The edges of the cannula end members 106 are smooth to prevent cutting by the edges during use of the device.
The foregoing detailed description is given for clear-ness of understanding only, and no unnecessary limitations should be understood therefrom, as modifications wil' be obvious to those skilled in the art.
Claims (8)
1. A spinal aspirating device for a hyperbaric con-trast medium, comprising:
an elongated hollow needle including a hub, a hol-low shaft having a sufficient length to extend from the spinal canal of a patient to the outside of a patient's body, and a beveled tip having a sufficiently small length to fit within a portion of the spinal canal and an open distal end; and an elongated cannula having a shaft defining a lumen, a length greater than the length of said needle, and a closed distal end, said cannula being removably received in said needle with a distal end section of said cannula projecting from the distal end of said needle, said cannula distal end section hav-ing opening means extending through the cannula shaft and communi-cating with said lumen, with said opening means being spaced from the cannula distal end and confined within a region 1/8 inch (.32 cm.) of said cannula distal end, and with the remainder of said cannula shaft proximal said region being closed.
an elongated hollow needle including a hub, a hol-low shaft having a sufficient length to extend from the spinal canal of a patient to the outside of a patient's body, and a beveled tip having a sufficiently small length to fit within a portion of the spinal canal and an open distal end; and an elongated cannula having a shaft defining a lumen, a length greater than the length of said needle, and a closed distal end, said cannula being removably received in said needle with a distal end section of said cannula projecting from the distal end of said needle, said cannula distal end section hav-ing opening means extending through the cannula shaft and communi-cating with said lumen, with said opening means being spaced from the cannula distal end and confined within a region 1/8 inch (.32 cm.) of said cannula distal end, and with the remainder of said cannula shaft proximal said region being closed.
2. The device of claim 1 wherein said opening means com-prises a plurality of openings extending through said cannula wall.
3. The device of claim 2 wherein said opening means com-prises a first pair of opposed openings spaced slightly proximally from said distal end.
4. The device of claim 3 wherein said opening means includes a second pair of opposed openings spaced slightly proxi-mally from said first pair of openings, with said second pair of openings being located approximately 90 degrees circumferentially around the cannula relative said first pair of openings.
5. The device of claim 1 wherein said distal end is rounded.
6. The device of claim 1 wherein said cannula includes a hub adjacent a proximal end of the cannula, and in which said device includes a syringe, a tube section having a lumen, means adjacent a proximal end of the tube section for releasably attach-ing the syringe to the tube section with the syringe communicat-ing with the tube section lumen, and means for releasably attach-ing a distal end of the tube section to said hub with the tube section lumen communicating with the cannula lumen.
7. The device of claim 6 wherein said attaching means comprises a pair of connectors.
8. The device of claim 7 wherein each of said connec-tors has a pair of wings extending from opposed sides of the connectors to facilitate placement of the connectors on said syr-inge and hub.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US60893775A | 1975-08-29 | 1975-08-29 | |
| US62825775A | 1975-11-03 | 1975-11-03 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1069797A true CA1069797A (en) | 1980-01-15 |
Family
ID=27085912
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA258,781A Expired CA1069797A (en) | 1975-08-29 | 1976-08-10 | Hyperbaric liquid aspirating device |
Country Status (12)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5230090A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU497931B2 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR7605669A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1069797A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2638832A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2321902A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1494816A (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1066643B (en) |
| MX (1) | MX144742A (en) |
| NL (1) | NL7609581A (en) |
| NZ (1) | NZ181773A (en) |
| SE (1) | SE7609454L (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS57500769A (en) * | 1980-05-08 | 1982-05-06 | ||
| FR2521162A1 (en) * | 1982-02-09 | 1983-08-12 | Rhone Poulenc Sa | SEMI-AUTOMATIC TREPAN FOR MAKING CAVITIES IN A LAYER OF GELIFIED MATERIAL |
| DE3445560C1 (en) * | 1984-12-14 | 1986-04-30 | pfm Plastik für die Medizin GmbH, 5000 Köln | catheter |
| AU593003B2 (en) * | 1985-08-09 | 1990-02-01 | United States Surgical Corporation | Pneumoneedle |
| FR2689401A1 (en) * | 1992-04-02 | 1993-10-08 | Guignard Mireille | Cannula. |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR1091895A (en) * | 1953-11-20 | 1955-04-15 | Medical probe | |
| US3595241A (en) * | 1969-02-19 | 1971-07-27 | David S Sheridan | Insured internal flow medicosurgical tubes |
| AU6286569A (en) * | 1969-10-27 | 1971-04-29 | Lane Henkin Melvyn | Catheter-needle |
-
1976
- 1976-06-29 MX MX165311A patent/MX144742A/en unknown
- 1976-08-10 CA CA258,781A patent/CA1069797A/en not_active Expired
- 1976-08-10 GB GB33275/76A patent/GB1494816A/en not_active Expired
- 1976-08-13 IT IT50898/76A patent/IT1066643B/en active
- 1976-08-16 NZ NZ181773A patent/NZ181773A/en unknown
- 1976-08-24 FR FR7625592A patent/FR2321902A1/en active Granted
- 1976-08-26 AU AU17175/76A patent/AU497931B2/en not_active Expired
- 1976-08-26 SE SE7609454A patent/SE7609454L/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1976-08-27 JP JP51101785A patent/JPS5230090A/en active Pending
- 1976-08-27 BR BR7605669A patent/BR7605669A/en unknown
- 1976-08-27 NL NL7609581A patent/NL7609581A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1976-08-28 DE DE19762638832 patent/DE2638832A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU497931B2 (en) | 1979-01-25 |
| NL7609581A (en) | 1977-03-02 |
| NZ181773A (en) | 1978-07-28 |
| DE2638832A1 (en) | 1977-03-10 |
| GB1494816A (en) | 1977-12-14 |
| IT1066643B (en) | 1985-03-12 |
| MX144742A (en) | 1981-11-19 |
| FR2321902A1 (en) | 1977-03-25 |
| BR7605669A (en) | 1977-08-23 |
| JPS5230090A (en) | 1977-03-07 |
| FR2321902B1 (en) | 1982-06-18 |
| SE7609454L (en) | 1977-03-01 |
| AU1717576A (en) | 1978-03-02 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |