CA1044674A - Fluorescent lamp fixture having biasing means used in the mounting of the lamp fixture - Google Patents
Fluorescent lamp fixture having biasing means used in the mounting of the lamp fixtureInfo
- Publication number
- CA1044674A CA1044674A CA229,022A CA229022A CA1044674A CA 1044674 A CA1044674 A CA 1044674A CA 229022 A CA229022 A CA 229022A CA 1044674 A CA1044674 A CA 1044674A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- fixture
- body cover
- cover
- collars
- collar
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V23/00—Arrangement of electric circuit elements in or on lighting devices
- F21V23/06—Arrangement of electric circuit elements in or on lighting devices the elements being coupling devices, e.g. connectors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V21/00—Supporting, suspending, or attaching arrangements for lighting devices; Hand grips
- F21V21/02—Wall, ceiling, or floor bases; Fixing pendants or arms to the bases
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Fastening Of Light Sources Or Lamp Holders (AREA)
- Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
ROTATIONAL COLLAR ALIGNMENT DEVICE
(Abstract of the Disclosure) A self-contained fluorescent lamp fixture for instal-lation in a conventional incandescent lamp socket which permits selective adjustment of the fluorescent lamp fixture through a substantial arc and which readily facilitates retention of the fixture in the adjusted position. The new fixture includes a body cover which is adapted to receive a conventional fluores-cent tube as well as the other components required to make the tube operational. This cover includes a pair of opposed, gen-erally centrally located arcuate slots and is mounted between upper and lower fixture collars by a pair of threaded fasteners.
The fasteners pass between the collars through the arcuate slots whereby the cover may be selectively rotated in a plane normal to the axis of the fixture. The upper collar includes means for threadedly mounting the entire fluorescent fixture in an incandescent type lamp socket. A generally flat, compressible member is received between the lower collar and the fixture body cover such that as the upper and lower collar are brought into a closely spaced relationship with each other, the member is com-pressed. This action places a continuous biasing force against the cover urging it toward positive engagement with the upper collar. The fixture body cover, including the fluorescent tube, may then be rotated for alignment purposes and will be retained in the aligned position by means of the frictional force created by the compressible member urging the body cover toward engage-ment with the upper collar. The arcuate slots define a generally circular configuration and each extends through an arc of approxi-mately 170° whereby the cover body may be moved through an arc of approximately 170° for alignment purposes
(Abstract of the Disclosure) A self-contained fluorescent lamp fixture for instal-lation in a conventional incandescent lamp socket which permits selective adjustment of the fluorescent lamp fixture through a substantial arc and which readily facilitates retention of the fixture in the adjusted position. The new fixture includes a body cover which is adapted to receive a conventional fluores-cent tube as well as the other components required to make the tube operational. This cover includes a pair of opposed, gen-erally centrally located arcuate slots and is mounted between upper and lower fixture collars by a pair of threaded fasteners.
The fasteners pass between the collars through the arcuate slots whereby the cover may be selectively rotated in a plane normal to the axis of the fixture. The upper collar includes means for threadedly mounting the entire fluorescent fixture in an incandescent type lamp socket. A generally flat, compressible member is received between the lower collar and the fixture body cover such that as the upper and lower collar are brought into a closely spaced relationship with each other, the member is com-pressed. This action places a continuous biasing force against the cover urging it toward positive engagement with the upper collar. The fixture body cover, including the fluorescent tube, may then be rotated for alignment purposes and will be retained in the aligned position by means of the frictional force created by the compressible member urging the body cover toward engage-ment with the upper collar. The arcuate slots define a generally circular configuration and each extends through an arc of approxi-mately 170° whereby the cover body may be moved through an arc of approximately 170° for alignment purposes
Description
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BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
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This invention pertains to the art of lamp fixtures and more particularly to fluorescent type lamp fixtures.
The invention is particularly applicable to self-contained fluoreqcent fixtures adzpted to be installed in a conventional in-candescent lamp socket outlet and will be described with particular reference thereto; however, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the invention has broader applications and may be employed in other environments where it i~ desired to adapt self-contained fluorescent lamp fixtures for use with a different typeof electrical fixture socket, irrespective of whether the socket i~ of a conventional incandescent lamp type or is of some other type.
In many lighting applications, it i8 particularly desired to employ fluorescent lighting inasmuch as such lighting generally pro-vides the same level of illumination but consumes approximately only 1/4 to 1/3 as much electrical energy as does conventional in-candescent type lighting. A secondary benefit of fluorescent light-ing i8 that fluorescent tubes have a life expectancy which is be-tween 10 and 25 times longer than incandescent bulbs. Such ad-vantages, of course, operate to reduce electrical power requirements, labor costs required in maintaining or replaclng inoperative bulbs and the cost of the bulbs themselves. These savings can be sub-stantial when considered on the basis of large buildings and the like. Therefore, from an economic standpoint, fluorescent lighting offers substantial economic advantages over conventional incandescent lighting.
In many applications where, for example, a building presently has incandescent type lighting, the advantages of fluorescent lighting have not been fully developed due to the changeover costs - 1 - ~ ' ' 4~674 ~:
involved in converting from incandescent to fluore~cent lighting.
These initial costs have often been prohibitive inasmuch as fluore-;,..:
scent lighting normally requires special or auxiliary hangers or straps for each lighting fixture, special wiring or rewiring, sup-plemental electrical connector~ and the extensive requirement for technical labor to perform sùch installations or conversions. Thus~ -such a changeover previously involved substantial modification both electrically and structurallyO For these reasons, and although . ~ ,~ . .
over a long term fluorescent type lighting does produce substantial power, labor and parts savings, many concerns who would normally - .' -:
undertaké conversion have not done so because of the high initial ,.
l~ changeover costs involved. ~-1: , ., :~.' . .
To overcome these problems, it has long been desired to make available a self-contained fluorescent lighting fixture which could }~ be installed directly into a convèntional incandescent type lamp ~;
ock-t. Heretofore, there have been several attempts to develop ~r~" ~' i~ ~ such ~tructures of a commercially feasible nature. By and large, -~
however~ these attempts have not been altogether satisfactory 5~
structural}y and~ asthetically. Although the prior art ha~ rather -~ ;
comprehén iv ly addres~ed itself to various mean~ ~for achieving a sélf-coDtained fluor-scent lamp fixture for use in a conventional ' ?
incànde~cent lamp ~ocket outlet, the problem primarily encountered ;i one having~to do with alignm-nt and retaining alignment of the ~ -fluore~cent fixture once it ha~ been so in~talled.
A8 is known, conventional incande~cent lamp fixtures threaded-ly received the incande~cent bulb 80 that when the bulb i~ replacea with a~elf-contained fluorescont fixture, it too must be threaded-ly received into the incandescent socket. Inasmuch às rotational ~ ;
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alignment is not a concern when an incandescent bulb is to be used, ;~ :
the mountings for the fluorescent tubes in the self-contained - fixtures must provide for some measure of adjustability to assure that the tubes of one fixture may be aligned with those of another following installation. Otherwise, because of the threaded arrangement employed in conventional incandescent sockets, the fluorescent tubes may be askew in their mountings so as to yield inefficient use of the light generated by the fluorescent tubes and to present an undesirable aesthetic appearance. Thus, for example, in a hallway, it is normally desired to position the fluorescent tubes so that they extend generally longitudinally or transversely across the hallway at spaced intervals, This not only yi lds the most efficient use of the available light but also present~ a pleasing and neat appearanceO However, if the fluores-., , ~ , .
cent tube mountings for these self-contained fixtures are not ad-justable in some manner, it would be virtually impossible to assure that such alignment would be realized.
Most prior art fixture developments of the type to which the subject invention pertains have included some means for rotating , ~
J~ at least the fluorescent tube mounting portion of the fixture in a plane generally transverse to the longitudinal axis of the fixture itself. Although some prior fixtures employ arcuate slotted ar-as ;, as well as other pivotal connections for this purpose, none of them have included easy and convenient means for maintaining alignment once it has been achieved. Such means are necessary to assure that alignment will not be affected by vibrations, inadvertent , . . .. .
;~ Unudges" and the like to which the fixtures are normally sub~ected in most environments.
Some prior self-contained fluorescent fixture~ of this type have included some type of arrang _ ent for positively r-taining 3 at least the fluorescent tube portion of the fixture in a desired ~, , ~f ~ 74 : :
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aligned position, However, these arrangementshave generally proved unsatisfactory inasmuch as they are complex and require substantial dismantling of the fixture componen~s in order to gain access to them. Such disassembly, particularly of the fluore~cent tube and ancillary components, adds further undssired installation and ~ ,i labor costs. s ~l -. ''-':
:!; BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF T B PRESENT INVENTION
The present invention contemplates a nsw and improved self~
eontained fluorescent lamp fixture which is adapted for installation ~;
10 in a conventional ineandeseent type lamp socket or other type of ~ ;
lamp socket and whieh overeomes all of the foregoing problems and others and provides a new and improved fixture which is ~imple in ~-design, eeonomieal in CON truetion, provides readily adjustable i;
means for;the fluore~eent tube through a substantial are and which ineludes~ eonvenient loeking means for retaining the fluoreseent tube in~ desired~àligned position.
;In~aeeordanee~with a~preforred embodiment of the present invention,~the new fluoreseent fixture ineludeJ a~-ocket adaptor ~hloh~y~ke~;threadsdly~r-eeived~in an ineandescent type }amp socket 20~ 8 ~ rting or suspending~th-~-nt1re fixture while simultaneously furnishlng~eleetrieal~energy to~operate the fluor-~eent lamp~. The ~s fixtu # ~ineludes~ a ~fixeur body eover assoeiat-d with the sockst i~
adaptor~and~whieh i~ adapted to reeeive and support a fluoreseent light tube~along with the other eonventional operative eomponents reguired to exeite ths tube. The fixture body ineludo~ gensrally eentrally loeated areuate slot~ for reeeiving ~eehanieal fa~teners ther-through to loeate the fixture body eovsr relative to the ocket adàptor. When in position~ the fixture body cover i8 ~eleet-ively movable about the slots in a plane generally normal to the , - 4 -' :~ ..
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longitudinal axis of the socket adaptor. Force means are also provided adjacent the body cover to continuously xert a biasing force against the cover to retain it in a desired aligned position while still allowing for selected forced rotational movement thereof about the arcuate slots.
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In accordance with another aspect of a preferred embodiment of the present invention~ the fixture furth r includes intercon-nected upper and lower collars. The upper collar i8 associated with the socket adaptor with the fixture body cov-r and force means being received between the two collars.
In accordance with still another aspect of a preferred embodiment of th present invention, thè force means compris-s a ¦ generally flat, compressible annular member and the mechanical fasteners comprise threaded fastener~. The fasteners provide means for bringing the lower collar into a closely spaced relationship with the upper collar with the fixture body cover and compressible m-mber disposed therebetw -nO With this arrangement, the compre~-sible member i8 placed in a co~pressed state in order to exert a continuous biasing force against the body cover toward the upper collar whereby the body cover will be retained in any desired pre-et pO8 ition.
In accordance with yet another aspect of a preferred embodi- ~; -ment of the present invention, there is provided an improvement ~ for a self-contained fluorescent lamp fixture of the type adapted ,~ for installation in a conventional incandescent type lamp ~ocket.
The fluorescent lamp fixture is of the type which includes a !~ fixture body cover adapted to recelve a fluorescent tube and other conventional operational component~ required for the tube and which fixture body is selectively rotatable through an arc in a ; . . .
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plane transverse to the longitudinal axis of the fixture it~elf. The improvement comprises force means associated with the fixture in communication with the fixture body cover for continuously exerting a biasing force against the fixture body cover whereby the cover may be rotated by hand relative to the incandescent lamp socket for alignment purposes and then retained in that position by means -of the frictional or biasing force created by the force means.
In accordance with still another aspect of a preferred embodi-.- .. ..
ment of the present invention, the force means comprises a generally ,. ~ -. .
flat compressible member which is compressed between upper and lower collars as they are brought into a close ~paced relationship with . .
each other in order that the member will apply a continuous biasing force against the fixture body cover. ~-The principal object of the present invention i8 the provision ~; of a new and improved self-contained fluorescent lamp fixture which ,' i- adapted for installation directly into a conventional incandescent type lamp socket or a lamp socket of other type.
Anoth r object of the present invention is the provision of a new and improved self-contained fluorescent type lamp fixture which 20` includes convenient means to facilitate alignment of the fluorescent tube following installation of the fixture into a socket.
Still another object of the present invention is the provision .
~ of a new and improved sèlf-contained fluorescent lamp . 0 . . . . .
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1~ 74 fixture which includes means for automatically retaining align-ment of the fl-lorescent tu~e and tube supporting structure once the same has been aligned as desired.
Thus, in accordance with the present invention there is providad in a self-contained fluorescent lamp fixture of the type wherein there is included a fixture body cover adapted to receive a fluorescent tube and its operative components and at least the fixture body cover is selectively rotatable through .
an arc in a plane generally normal to the longitudinal axis of 10 said fixture, the improvement comprising force means associated :
: .
with said fixture in communication with said fixture body cover ~
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for continuously exerting a biasing force axially of said fixture ~ , ~; against said fixture body cover to retain said cover in a desired :~ position-relative to said fixtùre, said force means allowing ~. `
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forced rotational movement about said plane for alignment purposes. .
. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DR~WINGS
The invention may take physical form in certain parts . and arrangements of parts, a preferred embodiment of which will be described in detail in the specification and illustrated in ~;
~20~ the accompanying drawings which form a part hereof and wherein~
. FIGURE 1 is an exploded perspective view of a fluores~
cent light fixture which includes the concepts of the~subject P `
invention; ` . ~ :
FIGURE 2 is a plan view of the assembled light fixture ~.
of FIGURE l; !? `.
: ~ FIGURE 3 is a cross-ectional .view taken along lines .:
~ 3-3 of FIGURE 2 and including cut away areas for ease of illus- ~?.:
; tration;
FIGURE 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along lines 4-4 of FIGURE 2:
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: FIGURE 5 is a cross-sectional view of an alternative preferred embodimen~ taXen along the same lines as FIGURE 3; and, :':' :.' ~IGURE 6 is a cross-sectional view o the same alterna~
. . . .:
tive preferred embodiment taken long the same lines as FIGUR~
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
' Referring now to the drawings wherein the showings -.
axe for purposes of illustrating the preferred e~bodiment of the invention only and not for purposes of limiting the same, the ~ -FIGURES show a conventional incandescent lamp fixture generally ~ :
designated~A and a self-contained fluorescent fixture generally ~':
~:~ designated B which comprises the focus of the subject invention. ;~
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- X
The conventional incandescent light fixture generally com-prises a ceramic or porcelain base 10 having an outwardly extending protrusion 12 which includes a female socket outlet 14 therein.
This female socket i8 conventionally threaded and i8 connected to a source of electricityO Mounting slots 16, 18 disposed in base 10 provide convenient means for receiving conventional screws to mount the fixture to a wall, ceiling or the like as is known.
Fluorescent fixture B includes a socket adaptor generally de-signated 30 which includes a base portion 32 and an outwardly ex-tending male socket outlet 34. This outlet~ of course, is adapted ~ to be threadedly r-ceived in the female socket outlet 14 in full i~ electrical and mechanical mating contact. Thls male socket outlet also includes an uppermost center electrical contact 35 which is outwardly spring biased within socket outlet 34 in order to provide - . . ....
positive electrical contact upon installation into female socket ~ -outlet 14. This feature is known and used in the art to circumvent overtightening of male socket outlet 34 into female ~ocket outlét 14 which could otherwise result in ripping or tearing the female ~; screw shell out of its receptacle. On the other ~ide of base portion 32 from the male socket outlet is a generally flat engaging `~
surface 36 which includes therein a pair of oppositely disposed ~ `~
threaded fastener rec iving holes 38, 40. These holes are ~paced f ~ ~ ' - ' . ; ' -~ 180 apart in surface 36 to assure a good mechanical connection with ~
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other components of the fixture as will be described hereinafter. ~
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In electrical and mechanical contact with the male socket outlet 34 are a pair of electrical lead wire~ 42,44 which extend outwardly !~
from engaging surface 36 for use in supplying current to the fluorescent tube and supportive components as will be de~cribed hereinafter.
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Disposed adjacent socket adaptor 30 i9 an upper collar generally designated 50. This collar includes a base portion 52 having an upper ;
engaging surface 54 and a lower engaging surface 55 with a protrusion or upper spool shank 56 extending outwardly from surface 55. This shank, as well as base portion 52, includes a hole 58 extending there-through to facilitate passage of leads 42,440 In addition, base portion 52 includes a pair of oppositely aisposed threaded fastener clearance holes 60,62 therein which may be aligned with threaded re-..
ceiving holes 38,40. Threaded fasteners or set screws 64,66 may then be pas~ed through hole~ 60,62 and into receiving holes 38,40, respec-, tively, in order that socket adaptor 30 and upper collar 50 may be brought into engagement with engaging surfaces 36, 54 in close physi-cal contactO A quarter turn out of alignment with holes 60,62 in base portion 52 and oppositely disposed from each other are a pair of threaded fastener receiving holes 6O~70 for purposes of recéiving threaded fasteners as will be described.
Any *umbe~ of suitable insulative type material~ may be employed in constructing adaptor 30 and collar 50 and, in the preferred em-bodiment of the invention, threaded fasteners 64,66 are constructed from nylon. It will also be appreciated that for purposes of manu-facturing convenience, adaptor 30 and upper collar 50 could be con- -~
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veniently constructed as a single unitary or integral component with-out affecting the scope and intent of the present invention.
A fluorescent tube fixture body cover i~ generally designated 80 and comprises an elongated generally U-shaped member constructed from thin metal or other suitable materialO Thi~ cover includes a top or main wall 82 having side walls 84,86 depending therefrom along the opposed longitudinal edges thereof. Centrally disposed within top or main wall 82 is à circular spool receiving hole 88 - 10 - '~' "~'' '. ' -' 104~74 adapted to facilitate close sliding receipt of the cover over spool 56 and to penmit the passing of electrical lead wires 42,44 thèrethrough. Disposed slightly outwardly of spool receiving hole 88 are a pair of arcuate slots 90,92 which are employed to positively mount the fixture body cover to the fixture and to facilitate ro-tational movement thereof relative to the remainder of the fixture Bo ~; In this regard, slots 90,92 are aligned with threaded receiving holes 68,70 in base portion 52 of upper collar 500 Arcuate slots 90,92 are oppositely disposed from each other and each extends over an arc of approximately 170. Although this arc may be varied if desirea without departing from the intent and scope of the pr sent invention, it does provide adjustment of the fixture body cover for ~;
alignment purposes over an arc of 170 as will be apparent in sub~
~;~ sequent description.
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Disposed on the other side of top ~ main wall 82 from upper oollar 50 is a force or biasing means generally designated lOOo In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, this means com- ~ -prises a generally flat washer-like member constructed from a re- ;
~ilie~nt, comp~essible material. Although neoprene has proved accept- -able for constructing biasing means 100, it wil} be appreciated that ; other such materials or arrangements could be employed without de- Ir ~.~, .' '' . .
parting from the intent and scope of the present invention. The washer-like member includes a pair of opposed generally flat faces 102,104 and further includes a gen-rally centrally located spool receiving hole 106 adapted to be slidably received over spool 56 as well as to permit passing of electrical leads 42,44. Face 102 .
,~ i9 adapted to be placed in physical engagement with top or main wall 82 and fàce 104 is adapted to be placed in physical engagement - - 11 - '.
74 ~ ~
with a lower collar which will be described hereinafter. This washer-like or annular member includes a pair of oppositely dispo#ed threaded fastener clearance holes lOô~llO which are aligned with threaded receiving holes 68970 and arcuate ~lots 90,92.
Finally~ fluorescent fixture assembly B includes a lower collar member generally designated 120. This collar includes a base portion ; 122 having an upper engaging surace 124 adapted to engage face 104 of the washer-like member. Extending outwardly from the other side ~ -of base portion 122 is a lower spool shank 126 having an upper spool ~hank receiving hole 128 disposed therein. This hole is dimensioned to closely slidably receive upper shank 56 when the fixture is assembled to assist in providing rigidity to the overall structure as woll as in aligning the component part~ thereof. Oppositely disposed from each other to extend throùgh base portion 122 are a pair of throaded fastener clearance holes 130,132 which are in alignment with hole- 68~70~ arcuate slots 90~92, and clearance holes 108,110. A
pair of threàded fasteners or ~et screws 134,136 preferably construct- -ed from nylon are then received through hole- 130,132~ 108,110~ lots 90,92 to be re~pectively threadedly received in hole- 68,70 to facili- -~;20 ta* a~sembly of the fixture. ~ ~ `
Attention is now particularly directed to FIGURES 2~ 3 and 4 which show the exploded fluorescent fixture as~embly B of FIGURE 1 . .
in the assembled conditionO It should be appr-ciated that electrical lead~ 42,44 are adapted to be connected to the fluorescent tube and the other necossary ancillary operative components a~, for example, ballast, starters, wiring~ lamp hold-rs~ diffu ers~ connectors and 80 on. The tube, as well a~ these other components, are all included within the fixture body cover 80 in any conventional or convenient -manner. Inasmuch a8 these components are known and do not in and of ... - . . . . .
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them~elves comprise a portion of the pre~ent invention~ they are not shown or described further herein. It should be noted, however, that in order to circumvent lateral displacement and undesirable cantilever force~ upon f~ale socket outlet 14 of incandescent lamp fixture A, all operative components contained` within and upon fixture body cover 80 should be mounted and affixed in positions which, in cumulative total, provide uniform and even weight distribution as transmitted to the axial fulcrum of socket adaptor 30.
A~ will be seen in FIGUaES 3 and 4 and with the fixture in the assembled condition~ engaging surface 36 of socket adaptor 30 ~ ~
engages upper engaging surface 54 of upper collar 50; lower engaging ; ~ -~urface 55 of upper collar 50 enga`ges the upper surface of top or ;~ main wall 82, face 102 of force means 100 engages the lower surface of top or main wall 82; and~ lower surface 104 of force mean~ 100 r engages upper èngaging surface 124 of lower collar 120. Although upper and lower collars 50,120 as well as force means 100 are shown as being circular and a- having substantially the same outside diameters~ other configurations and dimensions could be employed -if de~ired. The preferred arrangement, however9 provide~ sati~fac-tory results in~ofar as the intent and scope of the present in-vention are concerned. As shown in FIGURE 3~ nylon threaded fa~ten-ers or set screws 64~66 operate to retain upper collar 50 and socket adaptor 30 in position relative to each other. ~ FIGURE 4, nylon threaded fasteners or s-t screws 134,136 are threadedly received in threaded receiving holes 68,70 of upper collar 50 and operate to retain fixture body cover 80, force means 100 and lower collar 120 in po~ition relative to upper collar 50. In this regard, spool 56 passe~ through spool receiving hole 88 in cover 80, receiving hole 106 in force means 100 and into receiving hole 128 of lower 7~
collar 120 to retain these component~ in their relative aligned positions and to provide stability for the overall fixture structure.
A~ will be best seen in FIGURE 2, threaded fasteners or set screws 134,136 pas~ through arcuate slot~ 90,92 in top of main wall of the fixture body cover to facilitate rotation of the cover relative to the re~ainder of the fixture. The directions of rotation are shown in FIGURE 2 as a and b and extend about the entire arc defined by the ;-two slots. Ina~much as the slQt~ oppositely di~posed from each other extend through arc of 170, the overall arc through which the fixture body cover may be rotated in a plane generally normal to the longi-tudinal axis of the remainder of fixture elements is 170 , i.e., from the point where the threaded fasteners 134,136 engage one end and then the other of their associated slots respectively. As ~hown in FIGURE 2, the fasteners are disposed in the central portion of their respective slots for purpos-~ of illustration.
A particularly important aspect of the present invention is the provision of mean~ whereby rotation of fixture body cover 80 is readily permitted to facilitate alignment of the fluore3cent tube following installation of the fixture in a ~ocket and which also in-cludes means to retain t~e cover in an aligned position when thefixture itself i~ subjected to v~brations, slight nudges and the like a~ would normally be encountered in most environments. Inasmuch as the operational components required to make the fluorescent tube operative, that is, self-contained ballast, starters, wires, lamp holders, diffuser~, connectors and 80 on are disposed within the U-shaped areas defined by the body cover, it would be very difficult and virtually impos~ible to gain acces~ to threaded members 134~136 in order to loosen and/or tighten them each time an adjustment ~as de-sire~. Such an arrangement would necessitate removal of at least some of the operative component part~ and thus increa~e labor cost~ con-nected with using the type of self-contained fluore~cent fixture to which the subject invention i8 directed.
Thorefore, forc- mean- 100~ which again in th- preferred ~mbodiment co~prise- a re ilient, compressiblo washer-li~o or annular ~j-i ,. .
,~ ~embor play~ an i~portant role in overcoming the-e adjustment pro-]~; bl _ . Wmen tho fixture i8 initially assembled~ threadod me~bers or -~ ~ .
-t erewr 134~136 aro tightonod sufficiontly to compres~ member 100 j~ to n extont whereby it will place a continuou~ upwardly bia~ing force `
again t top or ~ain wall 82 of the fixture body covor to urge it into ?~
po-itive, forcod contact with lower engaging urface 55 of upper collar ~. Thus, a frictional type force is cr-at d between the upp~r eollar and the upper surfaee of top or ~ain wall 82 whieh ro-i t- rot-tio~ of th ~body cover through arcuato slot 90,92 relative to the re~ainder of fixture ~. Thi~ re-iBtanco ~ay~ of cour-e~ bo ?~.
~; ov reoae by a worbman or tho like applying a rotative force against ~-thb covor but thi frietion-l fore- ha- beon found sufficiont to o1i~inate;~unde-ired rotational ~ove~ont of the fixture eaused by ~ noDaal~vibrations~ nudgo- and the like. ~htura}ly~ the groator the ~;20~ d-qr - of~eo Pre--ion of the eompr-~-ibl wa h r, the groater the ount of frietional foree gener-t~d-between wa-h r surface 102 and ?'`~
th~ in~id port~ion of top or ~ain w ll 82 to re-ist rotation of the body cov r relative to tho r ~ainder of the fixture. Thi~ adjust~ent L i ply ~-d- by tlghtoning or looaoning threaded mo~bora 134~136 prior to inJtallation of the operativooo~ponent- into the cov r and prior to in~tallation of fixturo B into th conv ntional incand--cont ~
light ~ock-t A. Lik ~ if a gr at-r re-i tanco to rotational ~;
~ove~ent w~ do-ir d for oJ particular inJtallation, tho diametor of engaging urface 124 and facea 102, 104 cou}d be increaaed to pro-. ~ . . .. .
3o vide a greater surface area over which the force moan~ would operate.
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11)~4674 Also for purposes of increa~ing rosistance to rotational movement, .~ , it i~ possible to include a second force means which i8 substantially identical to force means 100 between engaging surface 55 of upper collar 50 and the upper surface of top or main wall 82. Such pro-visions may be deemed advisable and necessary for installations of `
! the invention in locations which may be especially vulnerable to inadvertent physical contact, nudges or excessive vibrations.
Along tho same lines~ when using tho preferred ~eoprene .
structure for force means 100, a definite advantage, insofar as in-tended re~ults are concerned~ is obtained. That i8, neoprene force . ..
means 100 and metallic fixture body cover 80 have different coeffi-cients of thermal expansion whereby the active eloctrical componént contained within the fixture body become heated during electrical operation to thereby cause an increased frictional re~istance at the ~ juncture interface between the neoprene washer and the thin motal-;: , . . : ' lic fixture body cover. Typically, th- structure3 will be a~sembled and installed in an ambient temperature of approximately 77F. and after four (4) hours of electrified operation, the interior of the fixture body cover can be expected to reach a temperature value of approximately 19 ~ . The 12ooF. difference in temperatures~will ,~ ., 1 .~ .
; cause tho neoprene washer to expand at a greater rate than the metallic fixture body cover to increase the compressive forces be-tween the two di~similar materials and members. The modulus of elasticity is a measurable value and the net end re~ults, a~
specifically app~cable to an installed and electrical functioning ! ' - .
~ lamp fixture wbich incorporates the concepts of the subject in- ~
,: , . . .
vention, i8 that the compressive forces are increased which, of course, causes a corresponding increase in the frictional drag re-~.... .
sistance to rotational movement of the fixtureO ~
~ .
.. ... .
` I ,'" ' ',, ' ' : ' , )4~ ~4 Turning now to an alternative preferred embodiment of the present invention as shown in FIGURES 5 and 6, certain structural modification~ are included for purposes of facilitating manufactur-ing, mounting and operational convenience. In this second preforred embcdiment and for ea~e of illustration, like numeral~ which include ;~
. , ~
a primed (') suffix are used to identify like component~ and new ~`
numeral~ will be employed to identify new components. -~
In FIGURES 5 and 6, adaptor 30' and upp-r collar 50' are ~;
con~tructed as a oingle unitary or integral component. Such cons-truction~ of course, eliminates the nece~sity for threaded fastener ;;~
roceiving holes 38,40 and clearance holes 60,62 as well a~ the neces-sity for set screws 64~66 as reguired in the FIGURES 1-4 embodiment. ~ ~ `
Further, lower collar member 120' merely comprises a wa~her-like member without including a spool shank corresponding to shank 126 . ~ -a8 ~hown in FIGURES 1~4. Thu~ upper spool ~hank 56' is merely clo ely received in spool shank receiving hole 128' of the lower collar. Satisfactory alignment and support results are obtained witb th~s last noted modification.
In the FIGU~ES 5 and 6 arrangement, conventional threaded fasteners or scrows 150,152 pass through opposed threaded fastener cloarance hole- 154,156 in base portion 52' of upper collar 50', I ~ arcuate slot- 90',92' in body cover 80', clearance hole~ 108',110' ~J~ in force means 100~ and threaded fastener clearance holes 130', 132' in lower collar 120'. Con~entional nut~ and lock wa~her~ are -;
then received on threaded fasteners 150~152 to facilitate retention of the fixtur- in an a~sembled condition. Thes- thread-d fasteners ~;
perform tho same function as do fasteners 134~136 in the FIGURES
1-4 ombodi~ont.
With the alternative preferred structure of FIGURES 5 and -;
.
: 1~44ti~74 6, the installation, operation and advantages of the subject in-vention as hereinabove deecribed in detail with reference to FIGURES
1-4 are all similarly obtained. Likewise, the minor alterations and modifications discussed with reference to the structure shown in those FIGURE5 are equally applicable to tbe structure shown in FIGURES
5 and 6.
In using the subject invention which has been described in detail hereinabove, prior problems encountered with fluerescent light fixtures of the type which are adapted to be mounted in conventional incande~cent light fixtures have been successfully overcome. Although fixture of this type have been known, there have been many problems encounterea with them with respect, first, to adjusting the fluore~-cent tube6 to secure proper alignment and, second, to retaining that alignment in a reasonably permanent manner without requiring difficult, time con~uming adjustment steps which often involve disassembly of much of the fluore~cent fixture it~elf.
The invention has been described with reference to the pre-~erred embodiment. Obviously~ modifications and alterations will ., .
occur to ~hers upon the reading and understanding of the ~pecificationO -It is my intention to include all such modifications and alteration~
insofar as they come within the scope of the appended claims or the equivalents thereof.
;, ., ,.~, .
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.
.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
- . .
This invention pertains to the art of lamp fixtures and more particularly to fluorescent type lamp fixtures.
The invention is particularly applicable to self-contained fluoreqcent fixtures adzpted to be installed in a conventional in-candescent lamp socket outlet and will be described with particular reference thereto; however, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the invention has broader applications and may be employed in other environments where it i~ desired to adapt self-contained fluorescent lamp fixtures for use with a different typeof electrical fixture socket, irrespective of whether the socket i~ of a conventional incandescent lamp type or is of some other type.
In many lighting applications, it i8 particularly desired to employ fluorescent lighting inasmuch as such lighting generally pro-vides the same level of illumination but consumes approximately only 1/4 to 1/3 as much electrical energy as does conventional in-candescent type lighting. A secondary benefit of fluorescent light-ing i8 that fluorescent tubes have a life expectancy which is be-tween 10 and 25 times longer than incandescent bulbs. Such ad-vantages, of course, operate to reduce electrical power requirements, labor costs required in maintaining or replaclng inoperative bulbs and the cost of the bulbs themselves. These savings can be sub-stantial when considered on the basis of large buildings and the like. Therefore, from an economic standpoint, fluorescent lighting offers substantial economic advantages over conventional incandescent lighting.
In many applications where, for example, a building presently has incandescent type lighting, the advantages of fluorescent lighting have not been fully developed due to the changeover costs - 1 - ~ ' ' 4~674 ~:
involved in converting from incandescent to fluore~cent lighting.
These initial costs have often been prohibitive inasmuch as fluore-;,..:
scent lighting normally requires special or auxiliary hangers or straps for each lighting fixture, special wiring or rewiring, sup-plemental electrical connector~ and the extensive requirement for technical labor to perform sùch installations or conversions. Thus~ -such a changeover previously involved substantial modification both electrically and structurallyO For these reasons, and although . ~ ,~ . .
over a long term fluorescent type lighting does produce substantial power, labor and parts savings, many concerns who would normally - .' -:
undertaké conversion have not done so because of the high initial ,.
l~ changeover costs involved. ~-1: , ., :~.' . .
To overcome these problems, it has long been desired to make available a self-contained fluorescent lighting fixture which could }~ be installed directly into a convèntional incandescent type lamp ~;
ock-t. Heretofore, there have been several attempts to develop ~r~" ~' i~ ~ such ~tructures of a commercially feasible nature. By and large, -~
however~ these attempts have not been altogether satisfactory 5~
structural}y and~ asthetically. Although the prior art ha~ rather -~ ;
comprehén iv ly addres~ed itself to various mean~ ~for achieving a sélf-coDtained fluor-scent lamp fixture for use in a conventional ' ?
incànde~cent lamp ~ocket outlet, the problem primarily encountered ;i one having~to do with alignm-nt and retaining alignment of the ~ -fluore~cent fixture once it ha~ been so in~talled.
A8 is known, conventional incande~cent lamp fixtures threaded-ly received the incande~cent bulb 80 that when the bulb i~ replacea with a~elf-contained fluorescont fixture, it too must be threaded-ly received into the incandescent socket. Inasmuch às rotational ~ ;
1` . ~ .
alignment is not a concern when an incandescent bulb is to be used, ;~ :
the mountings for the fluorescent tubes in the self-contained - fixtures must provide for some measure of adjustability to assure that the tubes of one fixture may be aligned with those of another following installation. Otherwise, because of the threaded arrangement employed in conventional incandescent sockets, the fluorescent tubes may be askew in their mountings so as to yield inefficient use of the light generated by the fluorescent tubes and to present an undesirable aesthetic appearance. Thus, for example, in a hallway, it is normally desired to position the fluorescent tubes so that they extend generally longitudinally or transversely across the hallway at spaced intervals, This not only yi lds the most efficient use of the available light but also present~ a pleasing and neat appearanceO However, if the fluores-., , ~ , .
cent tube mountings for these self-contained fixtures are not ad-justable in some manner, it would be virtually impossible to assure that such alignment would be realized.
Most prior art fixture developments of the type to which the subject invention pertains have included some means for rotating , ~
J~ at least the fluorescent tube mounting portion of the fixture in a plane generally transverse to the longitudinal axis of the fixture itself. Although some prior fixtures employ arcuate slotted ar-as ;, as well as other pivotal connections for this purpose, none of them have included easy and convenient means for maintaining alignment once it has been achieved. Such means are necessary to assure that alignment will not be affected by vibrations, inadvertent , . . .. .
;~ Unudges" and the like to which the fixtures are normally sub~ected in most environments.
Some prior self-contained fluorescent fixture~ of this type have included some type of arrang _ ent for positively r-taining 3 at least the fluorescent tube portion of the fixture in a desired ~, , ~f ~ 74 : :
.
aligned position, However, these arrangementshave generally proved unsatisfactory inasmuch as they are complex and require substantial dismantling of the fixture componen~s in order to gain access to them. Such disassembly, particularly of the fluore~cent tube and ancillary components, adds further undssired installation and ~ ,i labor costs. s ~l -. ''-':
:!; BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF T B PRESENT INVENTION
The present invention contemplates a nsw and improved self~
eontained fluorescent lamp fixture which is adapted for installation ~;
10 in a conventional ineandeseent type lamp socket or other type of ~ ;
lamp socket and whieh overeomes all of the foregoing problems and others and provides a new and improved fixture which is ~imple in ~-design, eeonomieal in CON truetion, provides readily adjustable i;
means for;the fluore~eent tube through a substantial are and which ineludes~ eonvenient loeking means for retaining the fluoreseent tube in~ desired~àligned position.
;In~aeeordanee~with a~preforred embodiment of the present invention,~the new fluoreseent fixture ineludeJ a~-ocket adaptor ~hloh~y~ke~;threadsdly~r-eeived~in an ineandescent type }amp socket 20~ 8 ~ rting or suspending~th-~-nt1re fixture while simultaneously furnishlng~eleetrieal~energy to~operate the fluor-~eent lamp~. The ~s fixtu # ~ineludes~ a ~fixeur body eover assoeiat-d with the sockst i~
adaptor~and~whieh i~ adapted to reeeive and support a fluoreseent light tube~along with the other eonventional operative eomponents reguired to exeite ths tube. The fixture body ineludo~ gensrally eentrally loeated areuate slot~ for reeeiving ~eehanieal fa~teners ther-through to loeate the fixture body eovsr relative to the ocket adàptor. When in position~ the fixture body cover i8 ~eleet-ively movable about the slots in a plane generally normal to the , - 4 -' :~ ..
1~4~79C
longitudinal axis of the socket adaptor. Force means are also provided adjacent the body cover to continuously xert a biasing force against the cover to retain it in a desired aligned position while still allowing for selected forced rotational movement thereof about the arcuate slots.
, .
In accordance with another aspect of a preferred embodiment of the present invention~ the fixture furth r includes intercon-nected upper and lower collars. The upper collar i8 associated with the socket adaptor with the fixture body cov-r and force means being received between the two collars.
In accordance with still another aspect of a preferred embodiment of th present invention, thè force means compris-s a ¦ generally flat, compressible annular member and the mechanical fasteners comprise threaded fastener~. The fasteners provide means for bringing the lower collar into a closely spaced relationship with the upper collar with the fixture body cover and compressible m-mber disposed therebetw -nO With this arrangement, the compre~-sible member i8 placed in a co~pressed state in order to exert a continuous biasing force against the body cover toward the upper collar whereby the body cover will be retained in any desired pre-et pO8 ition.
In accordance with yet another aspect of a preferred embodi- ~; -ment of the present invention, there is provided an improvement ~ for a self-contained fluorescent lamp fixture of the type adapted ,~ for installation in a conventional incandescent type lamp ~ocket.
The fluorescent lamp fixture is of the type which includes a !~ fixture body cover adapted to recelve a fluorescent tube and other conventional operational component~ required for the tube and which fixture body is selectively rotatable through an arc in a ; . . .
.
, .
: .. . .
plane transverse to the longitudinal axis of the fixture it~elf. The improvement comprises force means associated with the fixture in communication with the fixture body cover for continuously exerting a biasing force against the fixture body cover whereby the cover may be rotated by hand relative to the incandescent lamp socket for alignment purposes and then retained in that position by means -of the frictional or biasing force created by the force means.
In accordance with still another aspect of a preferred embodi-.- .. ..
ment of the present invention, the force means comprises a generally ,. ~ -. .
flat compressible member which is compressed between upper and lower collars as they are brought into a close ~paced relationship with . .
each other in order that the member will apply a continuous biasing force against the fixture body cover. ~-The principal object of the present invention i8 the provision ~; of a new and improved self-contained fluorescent lamp fixture which ,' i- adapted for installation directly into a conventional incandescent type lamp socket or a lamp socket of other type.
Anoth r object of the present invention is the provision of a new and improved self-contained fluorescent type lamp fixture which 20` includes convenient means to facilitate alignment of the fluorescent tube following installation of the fixture into a socket.
Still another object of the present invention is the provision .
~ of a new and improved sèlf-contained fluorescent lamp . 0 . . . . .
'''' ' ''' `
., ,''-, :~ ', ' ' - 6 - ~
.- . , . . . : . , . ,. . .,,, : . , ~, ,, .. , , :... ... .
1~ 74 fixture which includes means for automatically retaining align-ment of the fl-lorescent tu~e and tube supporting structure once the same has been aligned as desired.
Thus, in accordance with the present invention there is providad in a self-contained fluorescent lamp fixture of the type wherein there is included a fixture body cover adapted to receive a fluorescent tube and its operative components and at least the fixture body cover is selectively rotatable through .
an arc in a plane generally normal to the longitudinal axis of 10 said fixture, the improvement comprising force means associated :
: .
with said fixture in communication with said fixture body cover ~
~
for continuously exerting a biasing force axially of said fixture ~ , ~; against said fixture body cover to retain said cover in a desired :~ position-relative to said fixtùre, said force means allowing ~. `
: .
forced rotational movement about said plane for alignment purposes. .
. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DR~WINGS
The invention may take physical form in certain parts . and arrangements of parts, a preferred embodiment of which will be described in detail in the specification and illustrated in ~;
~20~ the accompanying drawings which form a part hereof and wherein~
. FIGURE 1 is an exploded perspective view of a fluores~
cent light fixture which includes the concepts of the~subject P `
invention; ` . ~ :
FIGURE 2 is a plan view of the assembled light fixture ~.
of FIGURE l; !? `.
: ~ FIGURE 3 is a cross-ectional .view taken along lines .:
~ 3-3 of FIGURE 2 and including cut away areas for ease of illus- ~?.:
; tration;
FIGURE 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along lines 4-4 of FIGURE 2:
T `:
`
.... ... ..... . . . ... . .. ..... . . ...... . .... . . ... .. ..
~ 4{j7~
: FIGURE 5 is a cross-sectional view of an alternative preferred embodimen~ taXen along the same lines as FIGURE 3; and, :':' :.' ~IGURE 6 is a cross-sectional view o the same alterna~
. . . .:
tive preferred embodiment taken long the same lines as FIGUR~
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
' Referring now to the drawings wherein the showings -.
axe for purposes of illustrating the preferred e~bodiment of the invention only and not for purposes of limiting the same, the ~ -FIGURES show a conventional incandescent lamp fixture generally ~ :
designated~A and a self-contained fluorescent fixture generally ~':
~:~ designated B which comprises the focus of the subject invention. ;~
i: . , : .:,.
"~
:: : - ',';.:
:
~;
J; ~ ~ , ' .: `' .~, ' ~" .
. ~ . . .
' ~ . ,'' , ~'' - 8 _ : .
` 10~4~7~
- X
The conventional incandescent light fixture generally com-prises a ceramic or porcelain base 10 having an outwardly extending protrusion 12 which includes a female socket outlet 14 therein.
This female socket i8 conventionally threaded and i8 connected to a source of electricityO Mounting slots 16, 18 disposed in base 10 provide convenient means for receiving conventional screws to mount the fixture to a wall, ceiling or the like as is known.
Fluorescent fixture B includes a socket adaptor generally de-signated 30 which includes a base portion 32 and an outwardly ex-tending male socket outlet 34. This outlet~ of course, is adapted ~ to be threadedly r-ceived in the female socket outlet 14 in full i~ electrical and mechanical mating contact. Thls male socket outlet also includes an uppermost center electrical contact 35 which is outwardly spring biased within socket outlet 34 in order to provide - . . ....
positive electrical contact upon installation into female socket ~ -outlet 14. This feature is known and used in the art to circumvent overtightening of male socket outlet 34 into female ~ocket outlét 14 which could otherwise result in ripping or tearing the female ~; screw shell out of its receptacle. On the other ~ide of base portion 32 from the male socket outlet is a generally flat engaging `~
surface 36 which includes therein a pair of oppositely disposed ~ `~
threaded fastener rec iving holes 38, 40. These holes are ~paced f ~ ~ ' - ' . ; ' -~ 180 apart in surface 36 to assure a good mechanical connection with ~
;
other components of the fixture as will be described hereinafter. ~
~: . .............................................. '. . :.
In electrical and mechanical contact with the male socket outlet 34 are a pair of electrical lead wire~ 42,44 which extend outwardly !~
from engaging surface 36 for use in supplying current to the fluorescent tube and supportive components as will be de~cribed hereinafter.
_ g _ .~. .
10~7~ :
..:
Disposed adjacent socket adaptor 30 i9 an upper collar generally designated 50. This collar includes a base portion 52 having an upper ;
engaging surface 54 and a lower engaging surface 55 with a protrusion or upper spool shank 56 extending outwardly from surface 55. This shank, as well as base portion 52, includes a hole 58 extending there-through to facilitate passage of leads 42,440 In addition, base portion 52 includes a pair of oppositely aisposed threaded fastener clearance holes 60,62 therein which may be aligned with threaded re-..
ceiving holes 38,40. Threaded fasteners or set screws 64,66 may then be pas~ed through hole~ 60,62 and into receiving holes 38,40, respec-, tively, in order that socket adaptor 30 and upper collar 50 may be brought into engagement with engaging surfaces 36, 54 in close physi-cal contactO A quarter turn out of alignment with holes 60,62 in base portion 52 and oppositely disposed from each other are a pair of threaded fastener receiving holes 6O~70 for purposes of recéiving threaded fasteners as will be described.
Any *umbe~ of suitable insulative type material~ may be employed in constructing adaptor 30 and collar 50 and, in the preferred em-bodiment of the invention, threaded fasteners 64,66 are constructed from nylon. It will also be appreciated that for purposes of manu-facturing convenience, adaptor 30 and upper collar 50 could be con- -~
~ -- :: - .
veniently constructed as a single unitary or integral component with-out affecting the scope and intent of the present invention.
A fluorescent tube fixture body cover i~ generally designated 80 and comprises an elongated generally U-shaped member constructed from thin metal or other suitable materialO Thi~ cover includes a top or main wall 82 having side walls 84,86 depending therefrom along the opposed longitudinal edges thereof. Centrally disposed within top or main wall 82 is à circular spool receiving hole 88 - 10 - '~' "~'' '. ' -' 104~74 adapted to facilitate close sliding receipt of the cover over spool 56 and to penmit the passing of electrical lead wires 42,44 thèrethrough. Disposed slightly outwardly of spool receiving hole 88 are a pair of arcuate slots 90,92 which are employed to positively mount the fixture body cover to the fixture and to facilitate ro-tational movement thereof relative to the remainder of the fixture Bo ~; In this regard, slots 90,92 are aligned with threaded receiving holes 68,70 in base portion 52 of upper collar 500 Arcuate slots 90,92 are oppositely disposed from each other and each extends over an arc of approximately 170. Although this arc may be varied if desirea without departing from the intent and scope of the pr sent invention, it does provide adjustment of the fixture body cover for ~;
alignment purposes over an arc of 170 as will be apparent in sub~
~;~ sequent description.
j :,,.-, .
Disposed on the other side of top ~ main wall 82 from upper oollar 50 is a force or biasing means generally designated lOOo In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, this means com- ~ -prises a generally flat washer-like member constructed from a re- ;
~ilie~nt, comp~essible material. Although neoprene has proved accept- -able for constructing biasing means 100, it wil} be appreciated that ; other such materials or arrangements could be employed without de- Ir ~.~, .' '' . .
parting from the intent and scope of the present invention. The washer-like member includes a pair of opposed generally flat faces 102,104 and further includes a gen-rally centrally located spool receiving hole 106 adapted to be slidably received over spool 56 as well as to permit passing of electrical leads 42,44. Face 102 .
,~ i9 adapted to be placed in physical engagement with top or main wall 82 and fàce 104 is adapted to be placed in physical engagement - - 11 - '.
74 ~ ~
with a lower collar which will be described hereinafter. This washer-like or annular member includes a pair of oppositely dispo#ed threaded fastener clearance holes lOô~llO which are aligned with threaded receiving holes 68970 and arcuate ~lots 90,92.
Finally~ fluorescent fixture assembly B includes a lower collar member generally designated 120. This collar includes a base portion ; 122 having an upper engaging surace 124 adapted to engage face 104 of the washer-like member. Extending outwardly from the other side ~ -of base portion 122 is a lower spool shank 126 having an upper spool ~hank receiving hole 128 disposed therein. This hole is dimensioned to closely slidably receive upper shank 56 when the fixture is assembled to assist in providing rigidity to the overall structure as woll as in aligning the component part~ thereof. Oppositely disposed from each other to extend throùgh base portion 122 are a pair of throaded fastener clearance holes 130,132 which are in alignment with hole- 68~70~ arcuate slots 90~92, and clearance holes 108,110. A
pair of threàded fasteners or ~et screws 134,136 preferably construct- -ed from nylon are then received through hole- 130,132~ 108,110~ lots 90,92 to be re~pectively threadedly received in hole- 68,70 to facili- -~;20 ta* a~sembly of the fixture. ~ ~ `
Attention is now particularly directed to FIGURES 2~ 3 and 4 which show the exploded fluorescent fixture as~embly B of FIGURE 1 . .
in the assembled conditionO It should be appr-ciated that electrical lead~ 42,44 are adapted to be connected to the fluorescent tube and the other necossary ancillary operative components a~, for example, ballast, starters, wiring~ lamp hold-rs~ diffu ers~ connectors and 80 on. The tube, as well a~ these other components, are all included within the fixture body cover 80 in any conventional or convenient -manner. Inasmuch a8 these components are known and do not in and of ... - . . . . .
~ . ... . . . . . . .
7~ `
them~elves comprise a portion of the pre~ent invention~ they are not shown or described further herein. It should be noted, however, that in order to circumvent lateral displacement and undesirable cantilever force~ upon f~ale socket outlet 14 of incandescent lamp fixture A, all operative components contained` within and upon fixture body cover 80 should be mounted and affixed in positions which, in cumulative total, provide uniform and even weight distribution as transmitted to the axial fulcrum of socket adaptor 30.
A~ will be seen in FIGUaES 3 and 4 and with the fixture in the assembled condition~ engaging surface 36 of socket adaptor 30 ~ ~
engages upper engaging surface 54 of upper collar 50; lower engaging ; ~ -~urface 55 of upper collar 50 enga`ges the upper surface of top or ;~ main wall 82, face 102 of force means 100 engages the lower surface of top or main wall 82; and~ lower surface 104 of force mean~ 100 r engages upper èngaging surface 124 of lower collar 120. Although upper and lower collars 50,120 as well as force means 100 are shown as being circular and a- having substantially the same outside diameters~ other configurations and dimensions could be employed -if de~ired. The preferred arrangement, however9 provide~ sati~fac-tory results in~ofar as the intent and scope of the present in-vention are concerned. As shown in FIGURE 3~ nylon threaded fa~ten-ers or set screws 64~66 operate to retain upper collar 50 and socket adaptor 30 in position relative to each other. ~ FIGURE 4, nylon threaded fasteners or s-t screws 134,136 are threadedly received in threaded receiving holes 68,70 of upper collar 50 and operate to retain fixture body cover 80, force means 100 and lower collar 120 in po~ition relative to upper collar 50. In this regard, spool 56 passe~ through spool receiving hole 88 in cover 80, receiving hole 106 in force means 100 and into receiving hole 128 of lower 7~
collar 120 to retain these component~ in their relative aligned positions and to provide stability for the overall fixture structure.
A~ will be best seen in FIGURE 2, threaded fasteners or set screws 134,136 pas~ through arcuate slot~ 90,92 in top of main wall of the fixture body cover to facilitate rotation of the cover relative to the re~ainder of the fixture. The directions of rotation are shown in FIGURE 2 as a and b and extend about the entire arc defined by the ;-two slots. Ina~much as the slQt~ oppositely di~posed from each other extend through arc of 170, the overall arc through which the fixture body cover may be rotated in a plane generally normal to the longi-tudinal axis of the remainder of fixture elements is 170 , i.e., from the point where the threaded fasteners 134,136 engage one end and then the other of their associated slots respectively. As ~hown in FIGURE 2, the fasteners are disposed in the central portion of their respective slots for purpos-~ of illustration.
A particularly important aspect of the present invention is the provision of mean~ whereby rotation of fixture body cover 80 is readily permitted to facilitate alignment of the fluore3cent tube following installation of the fixture in a ~ocket and which also in-cludes means to retain t~e cover in an aligned position when thefixture itself i~ subjected to v~brations, slight nudges and the like a~ would normally be encountered in most environments. Inasmuch as the operational components required to make the fluorescent tube operative, that is, self-contained ballast, starters, wires, lamp holders, diffuser~, connectors and 80 on are disposed within the U-shaped areas defined by the body cover, it would be very difficult and virtually impos~ible to gain acces~ to threaded members 134~136 in order to loosen and/or tighten them each time an adjustment ~as de-sire~. Such an arrangement would necessitate removal of at least some of the operative component part~ and thus increa~e labor cost~ con-nected with using the type of self-contained fluore~cent fixture to which the subject invention i8 directed.
Thorefore, forc- mean- 100~ which again in th- preferred ~mbodiment co~prise- a re ilient, compressiblo washer-li~o or annular ~j-i ,. .
,~ ~embor play~ an i~portant role in overcoming the-e adjustment pro-]~; bl _ . Wmen tho fixture i8 initially assembled~ threadod me~bers or -~ ~ .
-t erewr 134~136 aro tightonod sufficiontly to compres~ member 100 j~ to n extont whereby it will place a continuou~ upwardly bia~ing force `
again t top or ~ain wall 82 of the fixture body covor to urge it into ?~
po-itive, forcod contact with lower engaging urface 55 of upper collar ~. Thus, a frictional type force is cr-at d between the upp~r eollar and the upper surfaee of top or ~ain wall 82 whieh ro-i t- rot-tio~ of th ~body cover through arcuato slot 90,92 relative to the re~ainder of fixture ~. Thi~ re-iBtanco ~ay~ of cour-e~ bo ?~.
~; ov reoae by a worbman or tho like applying a rotative force against ~-thb covor but thi frietion-l fore- ha- beon found sufficiont to o1i~inate;~unde-ired rotational ~ove~ont of the fixture eaused by ~ noDaal~vibrations~ nudgo- and the like. ~htura}ly~ the groator the ~;20~ d-qr - of~eo Pre--ion of the eompr-~-ibl wa h r, the groater the ount of frietional foree gener-t~d-between wa-h r surface 102 and ?'`~
th~ in~id port~ion of top or ~ain w ll 82 to re-ist rotation of the body cov r relative to tho r ~ainder of the fixture. Thi~ adjust~ent L i ply ~-d- by tlghtoning or looaoning threaded mo~bora 134~136 prior to inJtallation of the operativooo~ponent- into the cov r and prior to in~tallation of fixturo B into th conv ntional incand--cont ~
light ~ock-t A. Lik ~ if a gr at-r re-i tanco to rotational ~;
~ove~ent w~ do-ir d for oJ particular inJtallation, tho diametor of engaging urface 124 and facea 102, 104 cou}d be increaaed to pro-. ~ . . .. .
3o vide a greater surface area over which the force moan~ would operate.
,~ -- 15 -- ,. .
11)~4674 Also for purposes of increa~ing rosistance to rotational movement, .~ , it i~ possible to include a second force means which i8 substantially identical to force means 100 between engaging surface 55 of upper collar 50 and the upper surface of top or main wall 82. Such pro-visions may be deemed advisable and necessary for installations of `
! the invention in locations which may be especially vulnerable to inadvertent physical contact, nudges or excessive vibrations.
Along tho same lines~ when using tho preferred ~eoprene .
structure for force means 100, a definite advantage, insofar as in-tended re~ults are concerned~ is obtained. That i8, neoprene force . ..
means 100 and metallic fixture body cover 80 have different coeffi-cients of thermal expansion whereby the active eloctrical componént contained within the fixture body become heated during electrical operation to thereby cause an increased frictional re~istance at the ~ juncture interface between the neoprene washer and the thin motal-;: , . . : ' lic fixture body cover. Typically, th- structure3 will be a~sembled and installed in an ambient temperature of approximately 77F. and after four (4) hours of electrified operation, the interior of the fixture body cover can be expected to reach a temperature value of approximately 19 ~ . The 12ooF. difference in temperatures~will ,~ ., 1 .~ .
; cause tho neoprene washer to expand at a greater rate than the metallic fixture body cover to increase the compressive forces be-tween the two di~similar materials and members. The modulus of elasticity is a measurable value and the net end re~ults, a~
specifically app~cable to an installed and electrical functioning ! ' - .
~ lamp fixture wbich incorporates the concepts of the subject in- ~
,: , . . .
vention, i8 that the compressive forces are increased which, of course, causes a corresponding increase in the frictional drag re-~.... .
sistance to rotational movement of the fixtureO ~
~ .
.. ... .
` I ,'" ' ',, ' ' : ' , )4~ ~4 Turning now to an alternative preferred embodiment of the present invention as shown in FIGURES 5 and 6, certain structural modification~ are included for purposes of facilitating manufactur-ing, mounting and operational convenience. In this second preforred embcdiment and for ea~e of illustration, like numeral~ which include ;~
. , ~
a primed (') suffix are used to identify like component~ and new ~`
numeral~ will be employed to identify new components. -~
In FIGURES 5 and 6, adaptor 30' and upp-r collar 50' are ~;
con~tructed as a oingle unitary or integral component. Such cons-truction~ of course, eliminates the nece~sity for threaded fastener ;;~
roceiving holes 38,40 and clearance holes 60,62 as well a~ the neces-sity for set screws 64~66 as reguired in the FIGURES 1-4 embodiment. ~ ~ `
Further, lower collar member 120' merely comprises a wa~her-like member without including a spool shank corresponding to shank 126 . ~ -a8 ~hown in FIGURES 1~4. Thu~ upper spool ~hank 56' is merely clo ely received in spool shank receiving hole 128' of the lower collar. Satisfactory alignment and support results are obtained witb th~s last noted modification.
In the FIGU~ES 5 and 6 arrangement, conventional threaded fasteners or scrows 150,152 pass through opposed threaded fastener cloarance hole- 154,156 in base portion 52' of upper collar 50', I ~ arcuate slot- 90',92' in body cover 80', clearance hole~ 108',110' ~J~ in force means 100~ and threaded fastener clearance holes 130', 132' in lower collar 120'. Con~entional nut~ and lock wa~her~ are -;
then received on threaded fasteners 150~152 to facilitate retention of the fixtur- in an a~sembled condition. Thes- thread-d fasteners ~;
perform tho same function as do fasteners 134~136 in the FIGURES
1-4 ombodi~ont.
With the alternative preferred structure of FIGURES 5 and -;
.
: 1~44ti~74 6, the installation, operation and advantages of the subject in-vention as hereinabove deecribed in detail with reference to FIGURES
1-4 are all similarly obtained. Likewise, the minor alterations and modifications discussed with reference to the structure shown in those FIGURE5 are equally applicable to tbe structure shown in FIGURES
5 and 6.
In using the subject invention which has been described in detail hereinabove, prior problems encountered with fluerescent light fixtures of the type which are adapted to be mounted in conventional incande~cent light fixtures have been successfully overcome. Although fixture of this type have been known, there have been many problems encounterea with them with respect, first, to adjusting the fluore~-cent tube6 to secure proper alignment and, second, to retaining that alignment in a reasonably permanent manner without requiring difficult, time con~uming adjustment steps which often involve disassembly of much of the fluore~cent fixture it~elf.
The invention has been described with reference to the pre-~erred embodiment. Obviously~ modifications and alterations will ., .
occur to ~hers upon the reading and understanding of the ~pecificationO -It is my intention to include all such modifications and alteration~
insofar as they come within the scope of the appended claims or the equivalents thereof.
;, ., ,.~, .
.. .
.
.
Claims (28)
OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS
1. A self-contained fluorescent lamp fixture adapted for in-stallation into a conventional incandescent lamp socket comprising in combination a socket adaptor receivable in said socket for supporting said fluorescent fixture;
a fixture body cover in operative association with said adaptor which is adapted to receive and support a fluorescent light tube and its operative components, said fixture body including means for locating said body cover relative to said socket adaptor while permitting said body cover to be selectively rotated about the longi-tudinal axis of said socket adaptor in a plane generally normal thereto; and, force means for continuously providing a biasing force again to said body cover to retain said cover in a desired position relative to said socket adaptor, said force means allowing forced rotational movement of said cover relative to said socket adaptor for alignment purposes.
a fixture body cover in operative association with said adaptor which is adapted to receive and support a fluorescent light tube and its operative components, said fixture body including means for locating said body cover relative to said socket adaptor while permitting said body cover to be selectively rotated about the longi-tudinal axis of said socket adaptor in a plane generally normal thereto; and, force means for continuously providing a biasing force again to said body cover to retain said cover in a desired position relative to said socket adaptor, said force means allowing forced rotational movement of said cover relative to said socket adaptor for alignment purposes.
2. The lamp fixture as defined in claim 1 wherein said force means comprises a compressible spring means disposed adjacent said fixture body cover to continuously force said body cover axially of said fixture toward a close fitting relationship with said socket adaptor.
3. The lamp fixture as defined in claim 2 wherein said locating means comprises generally centrally located arcuate slots adapted to receive mechanical fasteners therethrough.
4. The lamp fixture as defined in claim 3 wherein said spring means comprises a generally flat compressible member, said fixture further including a lower collar having a member engaging surface, said lower collar being disposed on the other side of said fixture body cover from said socket adaptor with said compressible member disposed intermediate said body cover and member engaging surface, said collar being affixed to said fixture by mechanical fasteners passing through said arcuate slots in said body cover whereby said compressible member may be compressed between said body cover and said member engaging surface as said lower collar is brought into a close spaced relationship with said socket adaptor.
5. The lamp fixture as defined in claim 4 wherein said com-pressible member is constructed from neoprene.
6. The lamp fixture as defined in claim 1 further including interconnected upper and lower collars, said upper collar being associated with said socket adaptor wherein said body cover and force means are received between said collars.
7. The lamp fixture as defined in claim 6 wherein said upper and lower collars each includes a generally flat engaging surface and one of said collars includes means for locating at least said body cover and the other of said collars relative thereto.
8. The lamp fixture as defined in claim 7 wherein said force means comprises a compressible spring means received between said fixture body and said lower collar, said upper and lower collars being interconnected by mechanical fasteners.
9. The lamp fixture as defined in claim 8 further including a second compressible spring means which is received between said fixture body cover and said upper collar.
10. The lamp fixture as defined in claim 8 wherein said com-pressible spring means comprises a generally flat, compressible member and said mechanical fasteners comprise threaded fasteners, whereby said lower collar may be brought into close spaced relation-ship to said upper collar with said fixture body cover and compres-sible member therebetween with said compressible member placed in a compressed condition to exert a continuous biasing force against said body cover toward the engaging surface of said upper collar.
11. The lamp fixture as defined in claim 8 wherein said locat-ing means comprises a pair of arcuate slots oppositely disposed from each other to define a generally circular configuration, said mechanical fasteners comprising a pair of threaded fasteners oppositely disposed from each other with one of said fasteners extending through each of said pair of slots.
12. The lamp fixture as defined in claim 11 wherein each said slot extend over an arc of approximately 170° whereby said fixture body cover may be rotated in a plane generally normal to the longi-tudinal axis of said socket adaptor through an arc of approximately 170°.
13. In a self-contained fluorescent lamp fixture of the type adapted for installation in a conventional incandescent lamp socket wherein there is included a fixture body cover adapted to receive a fluorescent tube and its operative components and at least the fixture body cover is selectively rotatable through an arc in a plane generally normal to the longitudinal axis of said fixture, the improvement comprising:
force means associated with said fixture in communication with said fixture body cover for continuously exerting a biasing force against said fixture body cover to retain said cover in a desired position relative to said fixture, said force means allowing forced rotational movement in said plane for alignment purposes.
force means associated with said fixture in communication with said fixture body cover for continuously exerting a biasing force against said fixture body cover to retain said cover in a desired position relative to said fixture, said force means allowing forced rotational movement in said plane for alignment purposes.
14. The improvement as defined in claim 13 further including upper and lower interconnected collars with said fixture body cover and force means disposed therebetween.
15. The improvement as defined in claim 14 wherein said upper collar includes a socket adaptor adapted to be threadedly received in said conventional incandescent lamp socket and said fixture body cover includes a pair of opposed arcuate slots to receive a pair of oppositely disposed mechanical fasteners passing between said upper and lower collars whereby said collars may be brought into close spaced relationship to each other with said force means disposed there-between.
16. The improvement as defined in claim 15 wherein said force means comprises a generally flat compressible member which is com-pressed as said collars are brought into said close spaced relationship to apply a continuous biasing force against said fixture body cover.
17. The improvement as defined in claim 16 wherein said compressible member is disposed on the other side of said cover from said upper collar whereby said compressible member operates to continuously bias said cover toward the engaging surface of said upper collar.
18. The improvement as defined in claim 17 further including a second compressible member, said second member being disposed between said upper collar and said body cover.
19. The improvement as defined in claim 16 wherein one of said collars includes an outwardly protruding spool shank which passes through said compressible member and said fixture body cover for locating engagement with the other of said collars.
20. The improvement as defined in claim 16 wherein said pair of arcuate slots define a generally circular configuration with each slot extending over an arc of approximately 170° whereby said fixture body cover may be rotated in said plane through an arc of approximately 170°.
21. A self-contained fluorescent lamp fixture comprising in combination:
a fixture body cover in operative association with mounting means and which is adapted to receive and support a fluorescent light tube and its operative components, said fixture body cover including means for locating said body cover relative to said mounting means while permitting said body cover to be selectively rotated about the longitudinal axis of said mounting means in a plane generally normal thereto, and, force means for continuously exerting a biasing force against said body cover to urge said cover toward engagement with said mounting means to retain said cover in a desired position relative to said mounting means, said force means allowing forced rotational movement of said cover relative to said mounting means for alignment purposes.
a fixture body cover in operative association with mounting means and which is adapted to receive and support a fluorescent light tube and its operative components, said fixture body cover including means for locating said body cover relative to said mounting means while permitting said body cover to be selectively rotated about the longitudinal axis of said mounting means in a plane generally normal thereto, and, force means for continuously exerting a biasing force against said body cover to urge said cover toward engagement with said mounting means to retain said cover in a desired position relative to said mounting means, said force means allowing forced rotational movement of said cover relative to said mounting means for alignment purposes.
22. The lamp fixture as defined in claim 21 wherein said force means comprises axially compressible spring means disposed adjacent said fixture body cover to continuously force said cover axially of said fixture toward a close fitting relationship with said mounting means.
23. The lamp fixture as defined in claim 22 wherein said locating means comprises generally centrally located arcuate slots adapted to receive mechanical fasteners therethrough.
24. The lamp fixture as defined in claim 21 further including interconnected upper and lower collars, said upper collar being associated with said mounting means wherein said body cover and force means are received between said collars.
25. In a self-contained fluorescent lamp fixture of the type wherein there is included a fixture body cover adapted to receive a fluorescent tube and its operative components and at least the fixture body cover is selectively rotatable through an arc in a plane generally normal to the longitudinal axis of said fixture, the improvement comprising:
force means associated with said fixture in communication with said fixture body cover for continuously exerting a biasing force axially of said fixture against said fixture body cover to retain said cover in a desired position relative to said fixture, said force means allowing forced rotational movement in said plane for alignment purposes.
force means associated with said fixture in communication with said fixture body cover for continuously exerting a biasing force axially of said fixture against said fixture body cover to retain said cover in a desired position relative to said fixture, said force means allowing forced rotational movement in said plane for alignment purposes.
26. The improvement as defined in claim 25 further including upper and lower interconnected collars with said fixture body cover and force means disposed therebetween.
27. The improvement as defined in claim 26 wherein said upper collar includes means for mounting said fixture to a fixture support body and said fixture body cover includes a pair of opposed arcuate slots to receive a pair of oppositely disposed mechanical fasteners passing between said upper and lower collars whereby said collars may be brought into close spaced relationship to each other with said force means disposed therebetween.
28. The improvement as defined in claim 27 wherein said force mean comprises a generally flat compressible member which is com-pressed as said collars are brought into said close spaced relation-ship to apply a continuous biasing force against said fixture body cover.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US480419A US3908120A (en) | 1974-06-18 | 1974-06-18 | Rotational collar alignment device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1044674A true CA1044674A (en) | 1978-12-19 |
Family
ID=23907887
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA229,022A Expired CA1044674A (en) | 1974-06-18 | 1975-06-10 | Fluorescent lamp fixture having biasing means used in the mounting of the lamp fixture |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3908120A (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS5113191A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1044674A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2524510A1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES438646A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2275904A1 (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1036967B (en) |
Families Citing this family (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4039821A (en) * | 1974-08-26 | 1977-08-02 | Conserve-A-Watt Corporation | Self-contained fluorescent lamp fixture |
| US4045665A (en) * | 1975-06-25 | 1977-08-30 | Preformed Line Products Co. | Diffuser attachment for a fluorescent lamp fixture |
| US4096554A (en) * | 1976-10-19 | 1978-06-20 | Conserve-A-Watt Corporation | Rotational collar alignment device |
| JPS57140471A (en) * | 1981-02-20 | 1982-08-31 | Fukuji Kazuyoshi | Cement tile |
| US5169227A (en) * | 1986-02-03 | 1992-12-08 | Korte-Licht Inh. Heinrich Korte | Fluorescent lamp |
| DE8602756U1 (en) * | 1986-02-03 | 1988-02-11 | Korte-Licht Inh. Heinrich Korte, 2957 Ihrhove | Fluorescent lamp |
| US4873422A (en) * | 1988-05-05 | 1989-10-10 | Arvin Industries, Inc. | Wall mounted heater with plug mount and support |
| AU654087B2 (en) * | 1992-04-30 | 1994-10-20 | Barbtony Pty Ltd | Double insulated fluorescent light fitting |
| DE20208752U1 (en) | 2002-06-06 | 2003-02-20 | Berthold, Philipp, 85276 Pfaffenhofen | Adapter for use with electrical supply fits into the socket and has a euro standard socket |
| US20060126235A1 (en) * | 2004-04-06 | 2006-06-15 | Steve Campolo | Lamp holder with ground fault circuit interrupter receptacle |
| US20050275982A1 (en) * | 2004-04-06 | 2005-12-15 | Steve Campolo | Lamp holder with ground fault circuit interrupter receptacle |
| ES2298042B1 (en) * | 2006-06-14 | 2009-07-20 | Domingo Antonio Gonzalez Diaz | LIGHTING AND CONNECTION SYSTEM OF LUMINAIRES. |
| US7832889B1 (en) | 2006-09-21 | 2010-11-16 | Usai Llc | Recessed light housing with a rotatable aperture |
| US20110149582A1 (en) * | 2009-12-22 | 2011-06-23 | Musco Corporation | Apparatus, method, and system for adjustably affixing lighting fixtures to structures |
| US9920912B1 (en) * | 2017-06-24 | 2018-03-20 | Xiamen Konshine Lighting Co., Ltd | Lighting device |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2871455A (en) * | 1954-11-18 | 1959-01-27 | Norman H Richardson | Electrical fixture |
| US2878372A (en) * | 1957-02-13 | 1959-03-17 | Ben L Fry | Circular lighting fixture |
| US2943238A (en) * | 1957-11-22 | 1960-06-28 | Edward G Reaves | Fluorescent lighting |
| BE792345A (en) * | 1971-12-07 | 1973-06-06 | Corkland Alvin | LIGHTING UNITS EQUIPPED WITH CIRCULAR FLUORESCENT TUBES |
-
1974
- 1974-06-18 US US480419A patent/US3908120A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1975
- 1975-06-03 DE DE19752524510 patent/DE2524510A1/en active Pending
- 1975-06-10 CA CA229,022A patent/CA1044674A/en not_active Expired
- 1975-06-11 IT IT50019/75A patent/IT1036967B/en active
- 1975-06-17 JP JP50073620A patent/JPS5113191A/ja active Pending
- 1975-06-17 ES ES438646A patent/ES438646A1/en not_active Expired
- 1975-06-17 FR FR7518968A patent/FR2275904A1/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE2524510A1 (en) | 1976-01-08 |
| FR2275904B3 (en) | 1978-02-03 |
| ES438646A1 (en) | 1977-06-16 |
| US3908120A (en) | 1975-09-23 |
| JPS5113191A (en) | 1976-02-02 |
| FR2275904A1 (en) | 1976-01-16 |
| IT1036967B (en) | 1979-10-30 |
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