CA1040846A - Quick change in-motion tool chuck - Google Patents
Quick change in-motion tool chuckInfo
- Publication number
- CA1040846A CA1040846A CA273,475A CA273475A CA1040846A CA 1040846 A CA1040846 A CA 1040846A CA 273475 A CA273475 A CA 273475A CA 1040846 A CA1040846 A CA 1040846A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- tool
- barrel
- tool chuck
- bore
- chuck system
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Landscapes
- Gripping On Spindles (AREA)
Abstract
QUICK CHANGE IN-MOTION TOOL CHUCK
(Holt) Abstract A tool chuck includes a spindle having a barrel with an axial bore therein, and a collar slidably disposed about the barrel. A diametrical slot within the barrel receives a pair of opposed, pivoting toggles which engage and retain the end of a tool inserted in the barrel bore.
The toggles are pivoted by a pair of linking members secured to a cylindrical member disposed in axially trans-latable fashion in the upper end of the bore. The cylin-drical member is translated by the collar by means of an annular slot therein which receives opposed shoulders entending from the cylindrical member through another diametrical slot. Axial translation of the collar re-leases or secures a tool in the bore while the chuck is rotating at operating speed.
(Holt) Abstract A tool chuck includes a spindle having a barrel with an axial bore therein, and a collar slidably disposed about the barrel. A diametrical slot within the barrel receives a pair of opposed, pivoting toggles which engage and retain the end of a tool inserted in the barrel bore.
The toggles are pivoted by a pair of linking members secured to a cylindrical member disposed in axially trans-latable fashion in the upper end of the bore. The cylin-drical member is translated by the collar by means of an annular slot therein which receives opposed shoulders entending from the cylindrical member through another diametrical slot. Axial translation of the collar re-leases or secures a tool in the bore while the chuck is rotating at operating speed.
Description
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Background of the Invention In machine tools such as boring mills or the like it is often necessary to change the work engaging tool implement, due either to wear of the tool or a required change -in machining operation. To facilitate such changes, machine -tools are provided with tool implement holders such as chucks ... .
or collets. Such holders provide a means for releasably , connecting the tool implements with the machine tool in an enforced orientation in which the tool is aligned with the axis - 10 of rotation of the spindle through which the toolholder is " driven.
There has recently been developed chuck devices which permit changing of the tool without necessitating stopping ; rotation of the chuck itself; This type of chuck saves both machine time and operator labor, and conserves energy required to start and stop the machine. One such chuck device is described in United States Patent 3,599,996, issued to Donald G. Holt on August 17, 1971.
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104!~84~
Background of the Invention In machine tools such as boring mills or the like it is often necessary to change the work engaging tool implement, due either to wear of the tool or a required change -in machining operation. To facilitate such changes, machine -tools are provided with tool implement holders such as chucks ... .
or collets. Such holders provide a means for releasably , connecting the tool implements with the machine tool in an enforced orientation in which the tool is aligned with the axis - 10 of rotation of the spindle through which the toolholder is " driven.
There has recently been developed chuck devices which permit changing of the tool without necessitating stopping ; rotation of the chuck itself; This type of chuck saves both machine time and operator labor, and conserves energy required to start and stop the machine. One such chuck device is described in United States Patent 3,599,996, issued to Donald G. Holt on August 17, 1971.
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Summary of the Invention According to the present invention there is provided a tool chuck system for securing and removing a tool in a rotary machine during rotation thereof comprises a spindle adapted to be secured to the rotary machine, a barrel extending axially from said spindle, said barrel including a bore extending axially therein from the distal end thereof; an actuator member disposed about said barrel and slidably translatable thereon; a cylindrical member slidably disposed in the inner end of said bore; a first pair of opposed, diametrical slots disposed within said barrel; a pair of toggle members each of said toggle members pivotally disposed in one of said first pair of slots; a pair of linking members, each of said linking members pivo-tally joined at one end to said cylindrical member and pivotally joined at the other end to one end of one of said toggle members, said linking members ~
being rotatable through a position perpendicular to said axis of said barrel - -to form a past center linking arrangement with said toggle members, and means for joining said cylindircal member and said actuator member in axially slidable engagement.
Preferably, a detent secured to the cylindrical members extends-; through another diametrical slot and engages an annular groove in the interior surface of the collar.
The toggles may be provided with detents at the distal ends thereofwhich are adapted to engage the interior end portion of the tool or toolholder.
Access may be provided in the inner end of the bore, with a com- - ~ -pression springdisposed in the recess to impinge on the cylindrical member.
The Drawing In the accompanying drawings which illustrate an exemplary embodi-ment of the present invention:
; Figure 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a tool chuck;
Figure 2 is a transverse cross-sectional view of the tool chuck, taken along line 2-2 of Figure l;
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- Figure 3 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the tool chuck taken along line 3-3 of Figure 2, and showing the chuck in the released portion; and Figure 4 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the tool chuck as oriented in Figure 3 and shown in the tool engaging position.
Description of the Preferred Embodiment With reference to Figure 1, the present invention generally com-prises 8 spindle 11 which is adapted to be secured to the rotating mandrel or output shaft of a machining apparatus in coaxial fashion. Extending from the spindle is a generally cylindrical barrel 12, which is provided with a substantially cylindrical bore 13 extending coaxially therein from the distal end 14 of the barrel. Disposed at the upper end of the bore is a coaxial cylindrical recess 16, in which is disposed a helical compression spring 17.
The lower end 18 of the bore includes a downwardly and outwardly flaring taper which receives and centers tools or toolholders, as will be explained in the following.
As shown in Figure 3, the barrel is provided with a first pair of diametrically opposed slots 19 which extend longitudinally from the bore to the exterior of the barrel. Pivotally secured in the slots 19 are a pair of opposed toggle members 21. Each toggle member comprises a generally flat, short bar which includes a detent 22 extending therefrom. The toggle members `: are pivotally secured to the barrel by means of a pair of dowel pins 23 extending through the toggles and press fit in holes in the barrel. The exterior sides of the toggles are configured so that they may pivot about the dowels without extending beyond the circumference of the barrel.
Disposed in the upper end of the bore is a cylindrical member 24 which is diametrically dimensioned to be axially slidable within the bore.
The upper transverse face of the member 24 is provided with a coaxial recess 26 which receives one end-of the compression spring 17. The member 24 also includes a transverse slot 27 extending diametrically therethrough. A dowel pin 28 is disposed perpendicular to the slot 27, and is received in a hole in the member 24.
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Pivotally joined to the dowel pin 28 and disposed within the slot 27 are a pair of linking members 29. The distal ends of the linking members are secured in pivoting fashion to the upper ends of the toggle members by pivot pins 31. As seen in Figure 1 the linking members and the toggle members are joined in clevis fashion, with pins 31 acting as clevis pins.
The barrel is provided with a second pair of opposed slots 32, shown in Figure 1, which are disposed diametrically in a plane perpendicular to the plane of slots 19. The cylindrical member includes a reduced diameter annulus 33, and an opposed pair of blocks 34 are disposed within the slots 32 and secured to the annulus 33 by means of socket head cap screws 36. As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the blocks 34 include a pair of opposed detents 37 extending radially outwardly therefrom.
With reference to Figures 1, 3 and 4, there is disposed concen-trically about the barrel 12 an actuator collar 38. The actuator includes a pair of axially spaced cylinders 39 and 40, which are slidably disposed about the barrel, and an annular channel member 41 intermediate to the cylinders.
Secured about the cylinders and the annular channel is a sleeve 42. The sleeve includes an inwardly directed flange 43 at one end thereof which impinges on the upper end of the cylinder 39. At the other end the sleeve is - -formed to include an annular groove 44 which is adapted to receive a snap ring 46 secured about the barrel, also in slidable fashion. The flange 43 and the ; snap ring 46 maintain the axial integrity of the actuator assembly, and the .
engagement of the snap ring in the annular groove acts to secure the sleeve about the members 39, 40, and 41.
Extending into the cavity of the annular channel 41 and freely received therein are the detents 37. It should be noted that the actuator is free to rotate or translate on the barrel. Through the engagement of the -detents 37 in the channel 41, translation of the actuator causes equal trans-lation of the cylindrical member 24. With the cylindrical member at the upper end of the bore and the actuator at the upper end of the barrel ~toward the spindle) the toggle members are disposed so that the detents thereof are out of engagement of a tool.
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As the actuator is translated toward the end 14 of the barrel the cylindrical member 24 is similarly translated the linking members 29 are pivoted and displace the upper ends of the toggle members outwardly. The detents 22 are thus forced to engage the end of a tool. The dowel pin 28 translates through the center position of the arc of the linking members, as shown in Figure 4, so that the toggles are locked in the engagement position.
Thus the toggles cannot loosen of their own accord, but must be released by manual translation of the actuator. It should be noted that the spring 17 ; biases the assembly toward the end 14 of their barrel, thus further enhancing the self-locking nature of the toggles and linking members.
The tool or toolholder 51 is provided with an upper end 52 which is tapered equally as the flare of the bore 18. This taper is within one-half degree of arc of being a self-locking taper, so that a minimum amount of axial force is required to secure the tool rigidly in the bore.
Extending axially from the upper face of the tool end 52 is a cylindrical post 54, which is provided with an annular snap ring groove. A
: ring 56 includes an axial hole 57 communicating with a counterbore 58. The post 54 is slidably received through the hole 57 with a spring-like washer 59 disposed in the counterbore about the post. A snap ring 61, secured to the post, joins the washer and ring 56 to the post.
As shown in Figures 3 and 4, the detents 22 actually engage the ring 56 of the tool. The pulling force of the toggles, a matter of several hundred pounds, causes the washer 59 to flex and transmit the force resiliently to the tool. This resilient engagement permits greater freedom in clearances of the detents and the ring, and the tapered end 52 in the bore 18, so that the toggles are not broken or the tool jammed in the bore. Also the clearance of the post in the hole 57 permits the toggles to be slightly diametrically off center without misaligning the tool.
The tool chuck of the present invention is normally disposed as shown in Figure 4, due to the spring 17. To change a tool while the machine is rotating the actuator is grasped manually and translated toward the spindle 11. After the detents clear the ring 56 the tool may be removed, and a new - one inserted in the bore. The collar is then manually translated toward the end 14 of the barrel, and the detents grasp the ring 56 of the new tool. The pull of the detents on the ring is sufficient to center the tool in the bore -and to provide a frictional engagement therebetween which transmits a great amount of torque with no slippage.
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Summary of the Invention According to the present invention there is provided a tool chuck system for securing and removing a tool in a rotary machine during rotation thereof comprises a spindle adapted to be secured to the rotary machine, a barrel extending axially from said spindle, said barrel including a bore extending axially therein from the distal end thereof; an actuator member disposed about said barrel and slidably translatable thereon; a cylindrical member slidably disposed in the inner end of said bore; a first pair of opposed, diametrical slots disposed within said barrel; a pair of toggle members each of said toggle members pivotally disposed in one of said first pair of slots; a pair of linking members, each of said linking members pivo-tally joined at one end to said cylindrical member and pivotally joined at the other end to one end of one of said toggle members, said linking members ~
being rotatable through a position perpendicular to said axis of said barrel - -to form a past center linking arrangement with said toggle members, and means for joining said cylindircal member and said actuator member in axially slidable engagement.
Preferably, a detent secured to the cylindrical members extends-; through another diametrical slot and engages an annular groove in the interior surface of the collar.
The toggles may be provided with detents at the distal ends thereofwhich are adapted to engage the interior end portion of the tool or toolholder.
Access may be provided in the inner end of the bore, with a com- - ~ -pression springdisposed in the recess to impinge on the cylindrical member.
The Drawing In the accompanying drawings which illustrate an exemplary embodi-ment of the present invention:
; Figure 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a tool chuck;
Figure 2 is a transverse cross-sectional view of the tool chuck, taken along line 2-2 of Figure l;
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- Figure 3 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the tool chuck taken along line 3-3 of Figure 2, and showing the chuck in the released portion; and Figure 4 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the tool chuck as oriented in Figure 3 and shown in the tool engaging position.
Description of the Preferred Embodiment With reference to Figure 1, the present invention generally com-prises 8 spindle 11 which is adapted to be secured to the rotating mandrel or output shaft of a machining apparatus in coaxial fashion. Extending from the spindle is a generally cylindrical barrel 12, which is provided with a substantially cylindrical bore 13 extending coaxially therein from the distal end 14 of the barrel. Disposed at the upper end of the bore is a coaxial cylindrical recess 16, in which is disposed a helical compression spring 17.
The lower end 18 of the bore includes a downwardly and outwardly flaring taper which receives and centers tools or toolholders, as will be explained in the following.
As shown in Figure 3, the barrel is provided with a first pair of diametrically opposed slots 19 which extend longitudinally from the bore to the exterior of the barrel. Pivotally secured in the slots 19 are a pair of opposed toggle members 21. Each toggle member comprises a generally flat, short bar which includes a detent 22 extending therefrom. The toggle members `: are pivotally secured to the barrel by means of a pair of dowel pins 23 extending through the toggles and press fit in holes in the barrel. The exterior sides of the toggles are configured so that they may pivot about the dowels without extending beyond the circumference of the barrel.
Disposed in the upper end of the bore is a cylindrical member 24 which is diametrically dimensioned to be axially slidable within the bore.
The upper transverse face of the member 24 is provided with a coaxial recess 26 which receives one end-of the compression spring 17. The member 24 also includes a transverse slot 27 extending diametrically therethrough. A dowel pin 28 is disposed perpendicular to the slot 27, and is received in a hole in the member 24.
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Pivotally joined to the dowel pin 28 and disposed within the slot 27 are a pair of linking members 29. The distal ends of the linking members are secured in pivoting fashion to the upper ends of the toggle members by pivot pins 31. As seen in Figure 1 the linking members and the toggle members are joined in clevis fashion, with pins 31 acting as clevis pins.
The barrel is provided with a second pair of opposed slots 32, shown in Figure 1, which are disposed diametrically in a plane perpendicular to the plane of slots 19. The cylindrical member includes a reduced diameter annulus 33, and an opposed pair of blocks 34 are disposed within the slots 32 and secured to the annulus 33 by means of socket head cap screws 36. As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the blocks 34 include a pair of opposed detents 37 extending radially outwardly therefrom.
With reference to Figures 1, 3 and 4, there is disposed concen-trically about the barrel 12 an actuator collar 38. The actuator includes a pair of axially spaced cylinders 39 and 40, which are slidably disposed about the barrel, and an annular channel member 41 intermediate to the cylinders.
Secured about the cylinders and the annular channel is a sleeve 42. The sleeve includes an inwardly directed flange 43 at one end thereof which impinges on the upper end of the cylinder 39. At the other end the sleeve is - -formed to include an annular groove 44 which is adapted to receive a snap ring 46 secured about the barrel, also in slidable fashion. The flange 43 and the ; snap ring 46 maintain the axial integrity of the actuator assembly, and the .
engagement of the snap ring in the annular groove acts to secure the sleeve about the members 39, 40, and 41.
Extending into the cavity of the annular channel 41 and freely received therein are the detents 37. It should be noted that the actuator is free to rotate or translate on the barrel. Through the engagement of the -detents 37 in the channel 41, translation of the actuator causes equal trans-lation of the cylindrical member 24. With the cylindrical member at the upper end of the bore and the actuator at the upper end of the barrel ~toward the spindle) the toggle members are disposed so that the detents thereof are out of engagement of a tool.
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As the actuator is translated toward the end 14 of the barrel the cylindrical member 24 is similarly translated the linking members 29 are pivoted and displace the upper ends of the toggle members outwardly. The detents 22 are thus forced to engage the end of a tool. The dowel pin 28 translates through the center position of the arc of the linking members, as shown in Figure 4, so that the toggles are locked in the engagement position.
Thus the toggles cannot loosen of their own accord, but must be released by manual translation of the actuator. It should be noted that the spring 17 ; biases the assembly toward the end 14 of their barrel, thus further enhancing the self-locking nature of the toggles and linking members.
The tool or toolholder 51 is provided with an upper end 52 which is tapered equally as the flare of the bore 18. This taper is within one-half degree of arc of being a self-locking taper, so that a minimum amount of axial force is required to secure the tool rigidly in the bore.
Extending axially from the upper face of the tool end 52 is a cylindrical post 54, which is provided with an annular snap ring groove. A
: ring 56 includes an axial hole 57 communicating with a counterbore 58. The post 54 is slidably received through the hole 57 with a spring-like washer 59 disposed in the counterbore about the post. A snap ring 61, secured to the post, joins the washer and ring 56 to the post.
As shown in Figures 3 and 4, the detents 22 actually engage the ring 56 of the tool. The pulling force of the toggles, a matter of several hundred pounds, causes the washer 59 to flex and transmit the force resiliently to the tool. This resilient engagement permits greater freedom in clearances of the detents and the ring, and the tapered end 52 in the bore 18, so that the toggles are not broken or the tool jammed in the bore. Also the clearance of the post in the hole 57 permits the toggles to be slightly diametrically off center without misaligning the tool.
The tool chuck of the present invention is normally disposed as shown in Figure 4, due to the spring 17. To change a tool while the machine is rotating the actuator is grasped manually and translated toward the spindle 11. After the detents clear the ring 56 the tool may be removed, and a new - one inserted in the bore. The collar is then manually translated toward the end 14 of the barrel, and the detents grasp the ring 56 of the new tool. The pull of the detents on the ring is sufficient to center the tool in the bore -and to provide a frictional engagement therebetween which transmits a great amount of torque with no slippage.
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Claims (11)
1. A tool chuck system for securing and re-mvoing a tool in a rotary machine during rotation thereof comprises a spindle adapted to be secured to the rotary machine, a barrel extending axially from said spindle, said barrel including a bore extending axially therein from the distal end thereof; an actuator member disposed about said barrel and slidably translatable thereon; a cylindrical member slidably disposed in the inner end of said bore; a first pair of opposed, diametrical slots disposed within said barrel; a pair of toggle members, each of said toggle members pivotally disposed in one of said first pair of slots; a pair of linking members, each of said linking members pivotally joined at one end to said cylindrical member and pivotally joined at the other end to one end of one of said toggle members, said linking members being rotatable through a position perpendicular to said axis of said barrel to form a past center linking arrangement with said toggle members, and means for joining said cylindrical member and said actuator member in axially slidable engagement.
2. The tool chuck system of claim 1, wherein said means includes at least one additional slot disposed in said barrel and extending therethrough from said bore-to the exterior of said barrel.
3. The tool chuck system of claim 2, wherein said means includes a detent secured to said cylindrical member and extending through said additional slot.
4. The tool chuck system of claim 3, wherein said actuator includes an annular groove in the interior surface thereof for engaging said detent in axially slidable engagement.
5. The tool chuck system of claim 2, wherein said at least one additional slot extends diametrically through said barrel and axially therealong.
6. The tool chuck system of claim 1, further including a recess in the inner end of said bore, and a compression spring disposed within said recess and im-pinging on said cylindrical member.
7. The tool chuck system of claim 1, wherein said cylindrical member includes an end slot in one end thereof for receiving said one end of each of said link-ing members, and a pivot pin extending through said end slot and said linking members.
8. The tool chuck system of claim 1, wherein the other end of each toggle member includes a detent portion for engaging a portion of a work-engaging tool.
9. The tool chuck system of claim 8, wherein said portion of said work-engaging tool includes a pro-trusion from the chuck-engaging end of said tool.
10. The tool chuck system of claim 9, wherein said protrusion icnludes a post extending from said tool, and a ring slidably secured about said post by axially resilient means.
11. The tool chuck system of claim 10, wherein said resilient means includes a spring-like washer and a snap ring.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA273,475A CA1040846A (en) | 1977-03-08 | 1977-03-08 | Quick change in-motion tool chuck |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA273,475A CA1040846A (en) | 1977-03-08 | 1977-03-08 | Quick change in-motion tool chuck |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1040846A true CA1040846A (en) | 1978-10-24 |
Family
ID=4108103
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA273,475A Expired CA1040846A (en) | 1977-03-08 | 1977-03-08 | Quick change in-motion tool chuck |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1040846A (en) |
-
1977
- 1977-03-08 CA CA273,475A patent/CA1040846A/en not_active Expired
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