CA1036910A - Pitched wooden truss with integral ridge connector - Google Patents
Pitched wooden truss with integral ridge connectorInfo
- Publication number
- CA1036910A CA1036910A CA243,771A CA243771A CA1036910A CA 1036910 A CA1036910 A CA 1036910A CA 243771 A CA243771 A CA 243771A CA 1036910 A CA1036910 A CA 1036910A
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- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- assembly
- chord
- glue
- laminae
- laminate
- Prior art date
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Abstract
ABSTRACT
A pitched wooden truss comprises lower and upper chords in-terconnected by a plurality of web members. The upper chord in-cludes two wooden sections arranged end to end at a predeter-mined angle to form a central ridge. The adjacent ends of the chord sections are formed with laterally offset, overlapped, con-vexly arcuate tongues and cooperating concavely arcuate recesses.
Securing means secure the tongues to each other in overlapped position. Preferably, the adjacent ends of the chord sections comprise pieces of densified laminar wood.
A pitched wooden truss comprises lower and upper chords in-terconnected by a plurality of web members. The upper chord in-cludes two wooden sections arranged end to end at a predeter-mined angle to form a central ridge. The adjacent ends of the chord sections are formed with laterally offset, overlapped, con-vexly arcuate tongues and cooperating concavely arcuate recesses.
Securing means secure the tongues to each other in overlapped position. Preferably, the adjacent ends of the chord sections comprise pieces of densified laminar wood.
Description
~036~0 PI~C;~ U~
!iIT I`;l~G-~hL ~DC~ r~iCR
This invention relltes to !)itcned ~loo~erl trllssec having in-tegral ridge connectGrs- It al50 ~ertainCJ to I method of making such trusses and related structural iter~s.
One well known t,pe of itcned structural wooden truss com-prises a lower cnord, a pitched upper chord including tl,Jo sec-tions Arranged end to end at a predetermined arlgle to each other, and a plurality of web m~,bers interconnecting the upper and low-er chords. The adjacent ends of the upper chord sections are coupled together at the desired ~ngle by means of a ridge con-nectorO
Conventionally the ridge connector comprises two metal parts bolted or otherwise secured to the ends of the chord sec-tions and connected to each other. Illustrative of the applica-tion of metal ridge connectors of this class are those described and illustrated in my U. S. patents 3,457,6~9 and 3,535, g45.
While useful for many purposes, pitched trusses having met-al ridge connectors tend to be deficient in resistance to later-al forces and also to forces applied in tension. In addition, since the metal connectors usually are fastened to the wooden chord sections by means of bolts or spur-type f~steners, the wood is weakened correspondingly and tends to split under the heavy loads applied in building construction. Still further~
the use of metal ridge connectors increases the cost of the truss-es and the complexity of their manufacture.
hccordingly it is the general object of the present inven-tion to provide a pitched wooden truss assembly having an inte-gral ridge connector l~hich will resist the various stresses~
particularly lateral forces and tension stresses, which are ap-plied to the truss during its manufacture, erection and use.
Cther objects of the invention are the provision of a pitch-ed wooden truss which is easily erected, which maintains theselected pitch, which lends itself to the incorporation of lateral bracing in the truss system, which is easily and inexpensively manufactured and assembled, and in which the connector adapts itself to pitches of various angles.
Still a further object of the invention i~ to provide a method for making components useful in the fabrication of pitched wooden trusses and kindred structural components.
Broadly considered, the presently described pitched truss assembly comprises a lower chord, a pitched upper chord including two wooden chord section6 arranged end to end at a predetermined angle to each other to form a central ridge, and a plurality of web members interconnecting the chords. The adjacent ends of the upper chord sections are formed with laterally offset, overlapped, convexly arcuate tongues and mating concavely arcuate recesses. Securing means secure the tongues to each other in overlapped position with the tongues seated in the adjacent recesses.
Preerably, and necessarily in the case of most--woods, the ad~acent ends of the chord sections comprise densified laminar wood pieces, drilled, routed and trimmed to provide the tongues and recesses.
In compositing each laminar wood piece a metal foil or like sheet is included in the assembly and serves as a glue barrier. This permits easy separation at the metal sheet when the laminar product is routed or cut transversely to the plane of the metal sheet in the production of the offset tongue and adjacent recess.
According to one broad aspect, the invention relates to the method of making a structural wood product which comprises: (a) providing a plurality of wood laminae, 103691.0 (b) applying glue to the faces of the laminae, (c) laying the laminae face to face to form a staclced assembly, (d) including between confronting end portions only of selected laminae of the assembly a glue-impervious barrier sheet, (e) pressing the assembly and permitting the glue to set, and (f) cutting across a side face of said end portion of the resulting glued laminate to the plane of the barrier sheet, thereby cleanly separating the cut-away portion only of the laminate from the body thereof.
In the drawings:
Fig. 1 is a fragmentary view in side elevation of the ridge portion of the hereindegcribed pitched wooden tru~s with integral ridge connector, parts being broken away to show interior construction.
Fig. 2 is a fragmentary plan view of the truss.
.
103691(~
Fig. 3 is ~ ~ection~l vie,J of t[ie tru~ t~ken along line 3-3 of ~ig. 1.
Fig. ~ is arl exploded pels~ective vie~J illustrating the manner of assembling t~!e t.-uss.
Fig. 5 is a fragmentary vie~ in side elevation of a stacked laminar assembl~J used in t~le manuiacture of the chord sections of the truss before consolidation.
Fig. 6 is a fragmentary view in side ele-vation of the stack-ed laminar assembly of Yig. 5 after consolidatio~l, locking in the direction of the arrows of line 6-6 of F`igo 7O
E`igo 7 is a view in side elevation, looking in the direc-tion of the arrows of line 7-7 of Fig. 6~ illustrating the man-ner of working the end of the consolidated laminated assembly to produce an integral tongue and recess therein.
Figs. ~, 9 and 10 ~re views in side elevation, plan, and end elevation respectively of the end of one of the chord sec-tions of the presently described pitched wooden truss, made by the method illustrated in Fig. 7.
Fig~ 11 is a fragmentary, schematic view in elevation of the struss.
As shown in Fig. 11~ the hereindescribed pitched truss com-prises a wooden lower chord 20, and a wooden upper chord 22 in-terconnected by a plurality of web members or links 24. Upper chord 22 is formed in two chord sections 22a arranged end to end with their adjacent ends interconnected b~ a ridge connector in-dicated schematically at 26.
In order to provide upper chord terminal sections of ade-quate strength and hardness, advantage may be taken of the method described and illustrated in the co-pending p~tent application of Arthur L. Troutner, S~l 247,~97, filed April 26, 1972 and issued June 4, 1074 to Patent N0. 3,~31,~42.
In accordance with tre method therein described, each upper chord section 22a cGrnprises a piece of dimension lwllber such as ~ ~ r ~ 103691~:) a 2~ or d 2~ h~vin ~ri erl~ segment ~b of ir~creases densit~.
The en~ segment i; att~c~,ed end to enclby ~inger jointing or other joining techni-lle a~d pro/i~es a irorking section of in-creesed hardness anà strenght.
~ nd segments 22b of tne u~,per chord secti~Jr~s basicall-J ccm-prises an assembly of wood laminae glued face to f~ce and pressed to the desired density.
The material employed in the prlctice of this method corn-prises a plurality of tr.in strips 2~ of wood veneer, cut to size.
A preferred stock for this p~rpose comprises conventional ply-wood veneer having a uniform thickness of, for example, 0.10, 0.125, l.lg7, or 0.230"o It thus is possible to utilize veneers resulting from the plywood manufacturing operation.
The strips are precoated with a suitable adhesive which may comprise a conventional hot press glue applied in approximately the same spread as is employed in manufacturing plywood.
The wooden strips, precut to size and precoated with adhe-sive then are stacked continuously. In compositing the stack, strips 2g are arranged longitudinally, aligned with each other and l~pped in n~Dber and pattern as required to produce a spliced str~ctural chord of the desired length and density.
The desired degree of densification is achieved by the use of densifying laminae in the form of small wood pieces 30 and slightly longer pieces 32. These are inserted between strips 2g at spaced vertical intervals in a regular pattern achieving a desired transition from a highly densified part to a p~rt of nor-mal wood derlsityO
To ac~ieve optimum strength, the grain pattern is varied by arranging strips 2g and 30 with parallel grain and strips 32 with cross grain.
Thus it is possible to tailor the density and strength of the product ot the desired levels. The greater the number of pieces in a given cross section, the r~reater the density.
, 103~93L0 Arr~ngin, trle l min;~e :; t "~rll~el r~;n orients then properly tG ti~ irection ol t;e iirce a-,?l_c~ -t~, t~le finis,-led ascembly.
However, arr~r,girl- tll~ ;ri.rl of` t~e ~len ifying llminae crosswise incre~s s tse bearing arLd tensi~P v(~lucs of the ~erlsified region.
hlso included in t,e asce~bly is ~ sheet 3~ wr~ic~l provides a ~lue barrier, preventing the glue ~rorri migrating from one wood veneer to t~.e adjacent one and providing a cleavage pl~rle along which the final product may be separated~ as will be de5cribed in detail hereinafter.
A variety of sheet materials may be used for this purpose.
The foil of aluminum is a preferred material, although tnin sheets of copper, steel or other metals may be employed if desir-ed. Also, thin sheets of plastic may be used provided the plas-tic is not of such a character as to itself become adhesive un-der the c0nditions to which the assembly is subjected.
The assembly either is laid up in a press or is transferred thereto. Pressure is applied in a direction substantially per-pendicular to the plane of the stack. The pressure thus applied is predetermined in magnitude to consolidate the interleaved portion to the thickness of the remaining portion and to apply to both portions clamping pressure sufficient adherently to unite the strips by setting of the glue interfaces threbetween.
Stated otherwise, pressure is applied sufficient to contact the strips outside the interleaved area and to bond them to each other. This contemporaneously compresses the strips in the in-terleaved areas to a fraction of their original thickness, for example to one-half their original thickness.
The consolidated piece then is divided into lengths and fin-ger jointed to the ends of rlormal pieces of dimension lumber.
This provides chord sections 22a with densified end segments 22b.
The upper chord sectior,s may be used sin~;ly or, where a truss of particular strengtn is required, in tandem. The tandem application is illustrated in Figs~ ~, 2 and 3. This is adapted 103~9~10 ~, from t e trusv cori ~r1.ctiori~escri~)f~ Ir~d illustr-lted in Troutner U. S. Pltent i;0. 3,33~,0~7.
~ s illustrcted, tlere are e~plo~Je~l irl the hereirldescribe~
pitcheà wooden truss t;~o p~irs of Upper chor~ sfctions 22a. The components of each pair are ar.an id side by side in laterally spaced apart parallelism~ The two pairs are arran~ed end to end and connected to lo~rer joists not illustrated b~ means of connecting web members or links 24.
The adjacent densified ends of the opposed upper chord sec-tions are interconnected by rneans of integral ridge connectors formed from the structure of the wood itself.
At the outer end of each densified section 22b there is formed a laterally offset, convexly arcuate tongue 40 on one side and a mating, concavely arcuate recess 42 on the other.
When the two chord sections are arranged end to end, the tongue section of one seats in the recess of the other, and vice versa.
Relieved areas 44 are present at the points of juncture of convexly arcuate tongue 40 and the side margins of densified end piece 22b. A transverse perforation 46 is drilled through the center of each of the tongues. ~Jhen the two tongues are over-lapped, the two perforations register with each other.
A unique and effective method of shap~ng the end of the up-per chord sections with integral tongues and companion recesses is illustrated in Figs. 6 and 7. It takes advantage of the cleavage plane resulting from the presence of glue barrier 34 in the densified end of each piece.
In the practice of the method, perforation 46 is used as a mounting and pivot point for a router indicated schematically at 50, Figs. 6 and 7. The router is set to the depth of barrier sheet 34. It then is swung through 1~0, cutting an arc indica-ted at 52 of Fig. 7O This accomplishes two things.
First, it routs out a recess 42 on one side of the piece.
Secorld y, it severs the wood on this side so that the cut out , ~036310 portio~ f~lls ~ r~ i_ r~r~ ve~ is is r~os;i~le because glue oarrier 3~ as jrevented gluing t(~ether of the woo~ lami-nae trhich it seo~rat~s.
Next~ t~e end of trre ?iece is trirrLned in a 1~0 convexly arcuate contour. This provides tongue 40 (n t~le si~e of the piece which is laterall~ offset from rece~s Lr2. As noted, this tongue is dimensioned for reception in recess 42 of a cGmpanion piece.
The manner of assembling two of the upper chord sections fabricated in the foregoing manner is illustrated in Fig. 4.
The two upper chord sections are arranged end to end Ind placed with tongues 40 face to face, with openings 46 register-ing~ In this position the tongues enter and seat in correspond-ing recesses 42. Securing means next are applied to hold the two pieces connected to each other.
In the illustrated form of the invention, the securing means comprise pin means, specifically a bolt 54 with washers 56, 5~
and nut 600 The bolt is inserted through both of the openings, the two chord sections adjusted to the appropriate angle, as by attaching their outer ends to lower chord 20, and the bolt tight-ened down.
It is to be noted that the construction ofthe connector is such as to accommodate a wide range of ridge angles. Normally, such angles fall in the range of 140 to 1~0. Reliefs 44 make it possible to achieve the extreme angles by providing recesses for the leading edges of the two chord sections.
The hereindescribed integral ridge connector also makes pos-sible the inclusion of means for stabilizing the structure in which the trusses are incorporated by bracing the trusses later-ally.
To this end there are provided ang~Lar brackets or clips indicated gen~raLly at 62. These support cross braces 64 and 66 which extend substantially normal to the trusses and span the r` 103G,910 di~tance bet~rc~r. tru--~es, stabili~in~ therrl in the lateral dir-ectiGn. Like t~! cnor~ com~onents, stJbili~irl~ piec~s 61t, 66 also may cornprise ?ieces of co~ ercial dimensiorl lumber, piece 64 ccmprising a ~x~ anu ~iece ~ a 2x~, in the illustrated ~rrange-mentO
Bracket 62 basically comprises an angular member such as a piece of angle iron having one side 6~ which contains a slot 70 and another side 72 at substantially right angles to the first side and characterized b~ having a pluralit~J of nail holes 7~.
In the use of the bracket, slot 70 is slipped over bolt 54 before the latter is tightened dowaO The bolt then clamps the bracket in place. ~races 64, 66 then are secured to side 72 of the bracket by means of nails.
Where the double truss construction of Figs~ l~ 2 and 3 is employed in heavy duty installations, it is assembled in a simi-lar manner, using instead of the single chord sections illustra-ted in Fig. 4 two chord sections lying side by side and employ-ing a bolt 51~ of sufficient length to accommodate the double thickness.
It thus will be apparent that b; the present invention I
have provided a pitched wooden truss with an integral ridge con-nector which achieves the purposes of the invention in that the truss is stable, resistant to applied stresses in tension and compression, and to forces of lateral displacement. It is versa-tile in that it may be applied to trusses of various designs hav-ing ridges of varied angle.
It is simple and easily put together using a single bolt.
The integral connector parts may be fabricated by a simple mach-ining operation. Even through made of wood, the truss resists cracking and splintering under load ~irst, because of the high density and great strength of the wood parts of the connector and second, because of the freedom from the plurality of nail screw or bolt hole~ which cnaracterize the application of the 1036911~
prior art metal riclge conflectors.
_9_
!iIT I`;l~G-~hL ~DC~ r~iCR
This invention relltes to !)itcned ~loo~erl trllssec having in-tegral ridge connectGrs- It al50 ~ertainCJ to I method of making such trusses and related structural iter~s.
One well known t,pe of itcned structural wooden truss com-prises a lower cnord, a pitched upper chord including tl,Jo sec-tions Arranged end to end at a predetermined arlgle to each other, and a plurality of web m~,bers interconnecting the upper and low-er chords. The adjacent ends of the upper chord sections are coupled together at the desired ~ngle by means of a ridge con-nectorO
Conventionally the ridge connector comprises two metal parts bolted or otherwise secured to the ends of the chord sec-tions and connected to each other. Illustrative of the applica-tion of metal ridge connectors of this class are those described and illustrated in my U. S. patents 3,457,6~9 and 3,535, g45.
While useful for many purposes, pitched trusses having met-al ridge connectors tend to be deficient in resistance to later-al forces and also to forces applied in tension. In addition, since the metal connectors usually are fastened to the wooden chord sections by means of bolts or spur-type f~steners, the wood is weakened correspondingly and tends to split under the heavy loads applied in building construction. Still further~
the use of metal ridge connectors increases the cost of the truss-es and the complexity of their manufacture.
hccordingly it is the general object of the present inven-tion to provide a pitched wooden truss assembly having an inte-gral ridge connector l~hich will resist the various stresses~
particularly lateral forces and tension stresses, which are ap-plied to the truss during its manufacture, erection and use.
Cther objects of the invention are the provision of a pitch-ed wooden truss which is easily erected, which maintains theselected pitch, which lends itself to the incorporation of lateral bracing in the truss system, which is easily and inexpensively manufactured and assembled, and in which the connector adapts itself to pitches of various angles.
Still a further object of the invention i~ to provide a method for making components useful in the fabrication of pitched wooden trusses and kindred structural components.
Broadly considered, the presently described pitched truss assembly comprises a lower chord, a pitched upper chord including two wooden chord section6 arranged end to end at a predetermined angle to each other to form a central ridge, and a plurality of web members interconnecting the chords. The adjacent ends of the upper chord sections are formed with laterally offset, overlapped, convexly arcuate tongues and mating concavely arcuate recesses. Securing means secure the tongues to each other in overlapped position with the tongues seated in the adjacent recesses.
Preerably, and necessarily in the case of most--woods, the ad~acent ends of the chord sections comprise densified laminar wood pieces, drilled, routed and trimmed to provide the tongues and recesses.
In compositing each laminar wood piece a metal foil or like sheet is included in the assembly and serves as a glue barrier. This permits easy separation at the metal sheet when the laminar product is routed or cut transversely to the plane of the metal sheet in the production of the offset tongue and adjacent recess.
According to one broad aspect, the invention relates to the method of making a structural wood product which comprises: (a) providing a plurality of wood laminae, 103691.0 (b) applying glue to the faces of the laminae, (c) laying the laminae face to face to form a staclced assembly, (d) including between confronting end portions only of selected laminae of the assembly a glue-impervious barrier sheet, (e) pressing the assembly and permitting the glue to set, and (f) cutting across a side face of said end portion of the resulting glued laminate to the plane of the barrier sheet, thereby cleanly separating the cut-away portion only of the laminate from the body thereof.
In the drawings:
Fig. 1 is a fragmentary view in side elevation of the ridge portion of the hereindegcribed pitched wooden tru~s with integral ridge connector, parts being broken away to show interior construction.
Fig. 2 is a fragmentary plan view of the truss.
.
103691(~
Fig. 3 is ~ ~ection~l vie,J of t[ie tru~ t~ken along line 3-3 of ~ig. 1.
Fig. ~ is arl exploded pels~ective vie~J illustrating the manner of assembling t~!e t.-uss.
Fig. 5 is a fragmentary vie~ in side elevation of a stacked laminar assembl~J used in t~le manuiacture of the chord sections of the truss before consolidation.
Fig. 6 is a fragmentary view in side ele-vation of the stack-ed laminar assembly of Yig. 5 after consolidatio~l, locking in the direction of the arrows of line 6-6 of F`igo 7O
E`igo 7 is a view in side elevation, looking in the direc-tion of the arrows of line 7-7 of Fig. 6~ illustrating the man-ner of working the end of the consolidated laminated assembly to produce an integral tongue and recess therein.
Figs. ~, 9 and 10 ~re views in side elevation, plan, and end elevation respectively of the end of one of the chord sec-tions of the presently described pitched wooden truss, made by the method illustrated in Fig. 7.
Fig~ 11 is a fragmentary, schematic view in elevation of the struss.
As shown in Fig. 11~ the hereindescribed pitched truss com-prises a wooden lower chord 20, and a wooden upper chord 22 in-terconnected by a plurality of web members or links 24. Upper chord 22 is formed in two chord sections 22a arranged end to end with their adjacent ends interconnected b~ a ridge connector in-dicated schematically at 26.
In order to provide upper chord terminal sections of ade-quate strength and hardness, advantage may be taken of the method described and illustrated in the co-pending p~tent application of Arthur L. Troutner, S~l 247,~97, filed April 26, 1972 and issued June 4, 1074 to Patent N0. 3,~31,~42.
In accordance with tre method therein described, each upper chord section 22a cGrnprises a piece of dimension lwllber such as ~ ~ r ~ 103691~:) a 2~ or d 2~ h~vin ~ri erl~ segment ~b of ir~creases densit~.
The en~ segment i; att~c~,ed end to enclby ~inger jointing or other joining techni-lle a~d pro/i~es a irorking section of in-creesed hardness anà strenght.
~ nd segments 22b of tne u~,per chord secti~Jr~s basicall-J ccm-prises an assembly of wood laminae glued face to f~ce and pressed to the desired density.
The material employed in the prlctice of this method corn-prises a plurality of tr.in strips 2~ of wood veneer, cut to size.
A preferred stock for this p~rpose comprises conventional ply-wood veneer having a uniform thickness of, for example, 0.10, 0.125, l.lg7, or 0.230"o It thus is possible to utilize veneers resulting from the plywood manufacturing operation.
The strips are precoated with a suitable adhesive which may comprise a conventional hot press glue applied in approximately the same spread as is employed in manufacturing plywood.
The wooden strips, precut to size and precoated with adhe-sive then are stacked continuously. In compositing the stack, strips 2g are arranged longitudinally, aligned with each other and l~pped in n~Dber and pattern as required to produce a spliced str~ctural chord of the desired length and density.
The desired degree of densification is achieved by the use of densifying laminae in the form of small wood pieces 30 and slightly longer pieces 32. These are inserted between strips 2g at spaced vertical intervals in a regular pattern achieving a desired transition from a highly densified part to a p~rt of nor-mal wood derlsityO
To ac~ieve optimum strength, the grain pattern is varied by arranging strips 2g and 30 with parallel grain and strips 32 with cross grain.
Thus it is possible to tailor the density and strength of the product ot the desired levels. The greater the number of pieces in a given cross section, the r~reater the density.
, 103~93L0 Arr~ngin, trle l min;~e :; t "~rll~el r~;n orients then properly tG ti~ irection ol t;e iirce a-,?l_c~ -t~, t~le finis,-led ascembly.
However, arr~r,girl- tll~ ;ri.rl of` t~e ~len ifying llminae crosswise incre~s s tse bearing arLd tensi~P v(~lucs of the ~erlsified region.
hlso included in t,e asce~bly is ~ sheet 3~ wr~ic~l provides a ~lue barrier, preventing the glue ~rorri migrating from one wood veneer to t~.e adjacent one and providing a cleavage pl~rle along which the final product may be separated~ as will be de5cribed in detail hereinafter.
A variety of sheet materials may be used for this purpose.
The foil of aluminum is a preferred material, although tnin sheets of copper, steel or other metals may be employed if desir-ed. Also, thin sheets of plastic may be used provided the plas-tic is not of such a character as to itself become adhesive un-der the c0nditions to which the assembly is subjected.
The assembly either is laid up in a press or is transferred thereto. Pressure is applied in a direction substantially per-pendicular to the plane of the stack. The pressure thus applied is predetermined in magnitude to consolidate the interleaved portion to the thickness of the remaining portion and to apply to both portions clamping pressure sufficient adherently to unite the strips by setting of the glue interfaces threbetween.
Stated otherwise, pressure is applied sufficient to contact the strips outside the interleaved area and to bond them to each other. This contemporaneously compresses the strips in the in-terleaved areas to a fraction of their original thickness, for example to one-half their original thickness.
The consolidated piece then is divided into lengths and fin-ger jointed to the ends of rlormal pieces of dimension lumber.
This provides chord sections 22a with densified end segments 22b.
The upper chord sectior,s may be used sin~;ly or, where a truss of particular strengtn is required, in tandem. The tandem application is illustrated in Figs~ ~, 2 and 3. This is adapted 103~9~10 ~, from t e trusv cori ~r1.ctiori~escri~)f~ Ir~d illustr-lted in Troutner U. S. Pltent i;0. 3,33~,0~7.
~ s illustrcted, tlere are e~plo~Je~l irl the hereirldescribe~
pitcheà wooden truss t;~o p~irs of Upper chor~ sfctions 22a. The components of each pair are ar.an id side by side in laterally spaced apart parallelism~ The two pairs are arran~ed end to end and connected to lo~rer joists not illustrated b~ means of connecting web members or links 24.
The adjacent densified ends of the opposed upper chord sec-tions are interconnected by rneans of integral ridge connectors formed from the structure of the wood itself.
At the outer end of each densified section 22b there is formed a laterally offset, convexly arcuate tongue 40 on one side and a mating, concavely arcuate recess 42 on the other.
When the two chord sections are arranged end to end, the tongue section of one seats in the recess of the other, and vice versa.
Relieved areas 44 are present at the points of juncture of convexly arcuate tongue 40 and the side margins of densified end piece 22b. A transverse perforation 46 is drilled through the center of each of the tongues. ~Jhen the two tongues are over-lapped, the two perforations register with each other.
A unique and effective method of shap~ng the end of the up-per chord sections with integral tongues and companion recesses is illustrated in Figs. 6 and 7. It takes advantage of the cleavage plane resulting from the presence of glue barrier 34 in the densified end of each piece.
In the practice of the method, perforation 46 is used as a mounting and pivot point for a router indicated schematically at 50, Figs. 6 and 7. The router is set to the depth of barrier sheet 34. It then is swung through 1~0, cutting an arc indica-ted at 52 of Fig. 7O This accomplishes two things.
First, it routs out a recess 42 on one side of the piece.
Secorld y, it severs the wood on this side so that the cut out , ~036310 portio~ f~lls ~ r~ i_ r~r~ ve~ is is r~os;i~le because glue oarrier 3~ as jrevented gluing t(~ether of the woo~ lami-nae trhich it seo~rat~s.
Next~ t~e end of trre ?iece is trirrLned in a 1~0 convexly arcuate contour. This provides tongue 40 (n t~le si~e of the piece which is laterall~ offset from rece~s Lr2. As noted, this tongue is dimensioned for reception in recess 42 of a cGmpanion piece.
The manner of assembling two of the upper chord sections fabricated in the foregoing manner is illustrated in Fig. 4.
The two upper chord sections are arranged end to end Ind placed with tongues 40 face to face, with openings 46 register-ing~ In this position the tongues enter and seat in correspond-ing recesses 42. Securing means next are applied to hold the two pieces connected to each other.
In the illustrated form of the invention, the securing means comprise pin means, specifically a bolt 54 with washers 56, 5~
and nut 600 The bolt is inserted through both of the openings, the two chord sections adjusted to the appropriate angle, as by attaching their outer ends to lower chord 20, and the bolt tight-ened down.
It is to be noted that the construction ofthe connector is such as to accommodate a wide range of ridge angles. Normally, such angles fall in the range of 140 to 1~0. Reliefs 44 make it possible to achieve the extreme angles by providing recesses for the leading edges of the two chord sections.
The hereindescribed integral ridge connector also makes pos-sible the inclusion of means for stabilizing the structure in which the trusses are incorporated by bracing the trusses later-ally.
To this end there are provided ang~Lar brackets or clips indicated gen~raLly at 62. These support cross braces 64 and 66 which extend substantially normal to the trusses and span the r` 103G,910 di~tance bet~rc~r. tru--~es, stabili~in~ therrl in the lateral dir-ectiGn. Like t~! cnor~ com~onents, stJbili~irl~ piec~s 61t, 66 also may cornprise ?ieces of co~ ercial dimensiorl lumber, piece 64 ccmprising a ~x~ anu ~iece ~ a 2x~, in the illustrated ~rrange-mentO
Bracket 62 basically comprises an angular member such as a piece of angle iron having one side 6~ which contains a slot 70 and another side 72 at substantially right angles to the first side and characterized b~ having a pluralit~J of nail holes 7~.
In the use of the bracket, slot 70 is slipped over bolt 54 before the latter is tightened dowaO The bolt then clamps the bracket in place. ~races 64, 66 then are secured to side 72 of the bracket by means of nails.
Where the double truss construction of Figs~ l~ 2 and 3 is employed in heavy duty installations, it is assembled in a simi-lar manner, using instead of the single chord sections illustra-ted in Fig. 4 two chord sections lying side by side and employ-ing a bolt 51~ of sufficient length to accommodate the double thickness.
It thus will be apparent that b; the present invention I
have provided a pitched wooden truss with an integral ridge con-nector which achieves the purposes of the invention in that the truss is stable, resistant to applied stresses in tension and compression, and to forces of lateral displacement. It is versa-tile in that it may be applied to trusses of various designs hav-ing ridges of varied angle.
It is simple and easily put together using a single bolt.
The integral connector parts may be fabricated by a simple mach-ining operation. Even through made of wood, the truss resists cracking and splintering under load ~irst, because of the high density and great strength of the wood parts of the connector and second, because of the freedom from the plurality of nail screw or bolt hole~ which cnaracterize the application of the 1036911~
prior art metal riclge conflectors.
_9_
Claims (4)
1. The method of making a structural wood product which com-prises:
a) providing a plurality of wood laminae, b) applying glue to the faces of the laminae, c) laying the laminae face to face to form a stacked assembly, d) including between confronting end portions only of selected laminae of the assembly a glue-impervious barrier sheet, e) pressing the assembly and permitting the glue to set, and f) cutting across a side face of said end portion of the re-sulting flued laminate to the plane of the barrier sheet, thereby cleanly separating the cut-away portion only of the laminate from the body thereof.
a) providing a plurality of wood laminae, b) applying glue to the faces of the laminae, c) laying the laminae face to face to form a stacked assembly, d) including between confronting end portions only of selected laminae of the assembly a glue-impervious barrier sheet, e) pressing the assembly and permitting the glue to set, and f) cutting across a side face of said end portion of the re-sulting flued laminate to the plane of the barrier sheet, thereby cleanly separating the cut-away portion only of the laminate from the body thereof.
2. The method of claim 1 including the step of contemporane-ously consolidating the assembly while pressing it.
3. The method of claim 1 wherein the step of cutting across a side face of the resulting glue laminate comprises routing out the side face to form a concavely arcuate recess on one side of the chord section while leaving an outwardly projecting tongue on the other side thereof.
4. The method of claim 3 including the step of cutting off the outer end of the tongue in convexly arcuate outline to provide a tongue dimensioned to seat in the concavely arcuate recess in a companion laminate.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA243,771A CA1036910A (en) | 1976-01-19 | 1976-01-19 | Pitched wooden truss with integral ridge connector |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA243,771A CA1036910A (en) | 1976-01-19 | 1976-01-19 | Pitched wooden truss with integral ridge connector |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1036910A true CA1036910A (en) | 1978-08-22 |
Family
ID=4105001
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA243,771A Expired CA1036910A (en) | 1976-01-19 | 1976-01-19 | Pitched wooden truss with integral ridge connector |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1036910A (en) |
-
1976
- 1976-01-19 CA CA243,771A patent/CA1036910A/en not_active Expired
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